The aim of the study is to describe the types of directional speech acts and how the speech act is actualized in the film Jumanji. From the data analysis, the researcher finds five types of directive speech acts based on John Austin's theory. Who give her spirit and support as long as she is a student at the university.
In communication, there are speech acts that must be expressed in conversations, speech acts that are performed by speakers with the intention of making the speech partner perform the acts mentioned in the speech. In every human communication, information is communicated directly in the form of thoughts, ideas, intentions, feelings and emotions. According to actual experience, that language always occurs in the form of individual actions or speech acts.
Speech acts are a concrete manifestation of linguistic functions, which are the basis for pragmatic analysis (Rahardi, 2005). In the Manaf 2011 research conducted on cosmopolitan speech acts, in this research, there are two ways to behave politely in speech by using small talk in good language so that there is no misunderstanding in the conversation.
Indentification of the Problem
The Scope and Limition
The formulation of Problems
The Objectives of the Studying
The Significance of the Study
- Types of Directive Speech
- The Form of Directive Speech
- Movie
- Sypnosis of The Film
The functions of the speech act itself are to state the speaker's intention to the hearer. Perlocutionary act, namely the result or effect that the expression causes on the listener, in accordance with the situation and conditions of the utterance of the sentence. In this case, speaker in authority expresses a wish that an addressee should (not) act the speaker wants the addressee to (not) act. The speaker who ordered has the right and/or duty to order. The recipient of the order has the responsibility and/or obligation to carry out the order.
The imperative is “the grammatical form that directly indicates that the utterance is a command” (Tsui. When Alan drops the dice, he gets the winning roll, which reverses everything that has happened as a result of the game. Alan and Sarah returns to 1969 as children, but has memories of the events that took place.
Second, Speaking Directive Indonesian EFL Teacher's Realization by Wulansari, Y, Suhartini,C. 2015) and the third is Directive Speech Acts in the film 'The Message' by AsmiYuniati, SayyidatulFadlilah, Muhammad NafiAnnury (2018). The result of the study showed that 213 speech act instruction utterances were successfully identified.
Conceptual Framework
The third research conducted by AsmiYuniati, SayyidatulFadillah, Muhammad NafiAnnury (2018) aimed to clarify the classifications and explain the contribution of the analysis of directive speech acts in Moustapha Akkad's "Message" to the EFL learner in understanding the expression of giving an order. This study used a descriptive qualitative, which the writer interprets the statements that contain the types of directive speech acts in this film and the contribution of this research in the EFL Classroom.
Research Design
The Techniques for Collecting Data
The researcher determined the parts of the cover that represent the types of directive speech acts (request, command, suggestion, advice, questioning). Using initialized letters and numbers to show time in Jumanji. The use of a character's name indicates who is performing the command speech acts.
The Techniques of Data Analyzing
CHAPTER IV
DATA
53 You must use your skills to return the jewel to the jaguar's eye and lift the curse. 102 You have to pull his mouth out of his blind spot to do that, but you have to be careful because it's like.
DATA ANALYZE
When Alan's father is training on the beach, he immediately finds a mysterious box he brought home and tries to let Alan know when Alan is still asleep. This sentence contains a compelling phrase where Alan's father asks Alan to see a mystery box that his father met. The directive speech works in the above utterance, analyzed by locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act.
The perlocution is that Alan turns up and sees the mysterious box for the first time.
Command
The directive speech acts in this above statement are analyzed by lucution act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act. The perlocution is that the Fridge disobeyed Spencer's order because the student fridge was lazy. The teacher's command to stay, move your hands while running uphill on the field.
The directive speech acts in this utterance above are analyzed bt lucotionary action, illocutionary action and perlocutionary action. The perlocution is that when the cables were taken out, they suddenly suck one by one into a game and change character.
Suggestion
The perlocutionary act is that only some do the punishment and the other play the game. Spencer wants out of the game, so he suggests his friends finish the game. The form of pronunciation is declarative. From the above statement the locutionary act is that Spencer utters "We have to finish the game".
The perlocutionary act is that all of them begin to play the game, although many challenges. From the utterance above, the locutionary act is that Spencer utters "To complete this game, we must complete all levels". The perlocutionary act is that they were attacked by the enemy and fought against the enemy so that they succeeded in completing the game.
Advice
The perlocutionary act is Spencer meeting Fridge in the freak house and finding an old man, Spencer feels scared and he runs fast. From the utterance above, locutionary act is that Spencer utters " Don't waste our lives, we need each other. Fridge stopped giving an attack and stopped trying to kill Spincer and start continuing a journey together.
From the speech act above, it follows that Spencer utters, "I told you, it's important to be careful." An illocutionary act is advice. The perlocutionary act is that Fridge is angry with Spencer because he thinks that Spencer asked Fridge to eat the cake.
Asking
An old man asks Spencer when he sees Spincer in his house Old Man: What did you say. From the above statement, the locutionary act is that the old man says "What did you say?". The phallic act is Spencer answering "nothing" in fear when the old man asks and running away from the old man because the house is haunted.
When teacher Bethany walks, the teacher will undoubtedly call to reprimand and ask Bethany. The above statement shows that the teacher says: “Did you call during the exam?”. The teacher feels disrespected and Bethany doesn't follow the strict rules and doesn't make noise in the classroom.
The act of speaking is one of the functional activities of humans as creatures who always use language. The speech act is the product of the utterance of a sentence and is the smallest unit of linguistic communication that determines the meaning of a sentence. This is what makes film an effective means of conveying messages and deserves further study.
In this research, the researcher takes speech acts in the Jumanji movie because in it there are many interesting speeches that need to be studied more deeply. The data source for this research is dialogue between friends, namely Spencer, Martha, Fridge and Bethany. This study uses a single theory which has 5 types of actions, the most frequent one that the speaker performs is asking.
In the act of asking questions performed by the speaker, it is an action that greatly affects the performance of the Jumani film. In this jumanji film, the 5 speech acts are well realized because the speaker and the listener understand each other's meaning.
Conclusion
- The Types of Directive Speech Act in Jumanji Movie
The speech act in the movie Jumanji is well realized so that the listener and the speaker can easily understand each other and there are no misunderstandings in the speech act. Speech acts can also be bad if the listener does not understand the meaning of the conversation, this happens if the speaker does not convey the speech act correctly. However, the speech acts in the movie Jumanji have no misunderstandings because the speakers express the speech acts well.
CONCLUSION
- To other Research
A study of directive speech acts used by Iranian preschool.Vol.1 Iran: International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature. Translation analysis of the directive speech in Eat Pray Love and its translation into Indonesian. Directive speech acts used in Frozen Movie.Vol.7 Padang: E- Journal of English Language and Literature.