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Beef quality identiﬁcation using color analysis and k-nearest neighbor classiﬁcation

(Conference Paper)

, , ,

Department of Physics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Department of Biology, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Department of Computer System, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract

Beef is one of the many produce prone to contamination by microorganism. Water and nutrition contents make an ideal medium for the growth and proliferation of microorganism. Contaminated beef will degrade and has less storage duration. Beef is valued by two factors; its price and its quality. The quality itself is measured using four characteristics; marbling, color of meat, color of fat, and meat density. Speciﬁcally, marbling is the dominant

parameter that determines meat's quality. Determination of meat quality is conducted visually by comparing the actual meat and reference pictures of each meat class. This process is very subjective in nature. Therefore, this research aims to develop an automated system to determine meat by adopting the Indonesian National Standard requirement on the quality of carcass and beef (SNI 3932:2008) using the image processing technique. Image segmentation is carried out using the thresholding method and classiﬁcation is conducted using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. The features used to diﬀerentiate beef quality are marbling score, color of meat, and color of fat. Results indicate that the system developed is able to acquire images and identify beef quality as required in the Indonesian National Standard.

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beef quality color analysis image processing k-nearest neighbor marbling score

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Proceedings - 2015 4th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology and Biomedical Engineering, ICICI-BME 2015

8 February 2016, Article number 7401359, Pages 180-184

4th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology and Biomedical Engineering, ICICI-BME 2015; Institut Teknologi BandungBandung; Indonesia; 2 November 2015 through 3 November 2015; Category numberCFP1587H-ART; Code 119394

Adi, K.^a  Pujiyanto, S.^b Nurhayati, O.D.^c Pamungkas, A.^a

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Image analysis | Meats | Optimal wavelengths

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(2018) Proceedings - 2018 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and

Communication: Creative Technology for Human Life, iSemantic 2018

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(2018) Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Informatics and Computing, ICIC 2018

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Beef Image Classiﬁcation using K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm for Identiﬁcation Quality and Freshness

Agustin, S. Dijaya, R.

Pork and Beef Features Extractions

Chairunnisa, J. Iskandar Muda, T. Katul Fikriah, F.

Digital image analysis of beef color using euclidean distance method

Handayani, H.H. Wahiddin, D.

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References (12)

Engineering uncontrolled terms

Color analysis Image processing technique K nearest neighbor algorithm

K-nearest neighbor classiﬁcation K-nearest neighbors marbling score Quality identiﬁcations Thresholding methods

Engineering main heading:

Meats

Li, J., Tan, J., Martz, F.A., Heymann, H.

(1999) Meat Science, 53 (1), pp. 17-22. . doi: 10.1016/S0309-1740(99)00031-5

Ruiz De Huidobro, F., Miguel, E., Blázquez, B., Onega, E.

(2005) Meat Science, 69 (3), pp. 527-536. . doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.09.008

Shiranita, K., Miyajima, T., Takiyama, R.

(1998) Pattern Recognition Letters, 19 (14), pp. 1319-1324. . doi: 10.1016/S0167-8655(98)00113-5

ISBN: 978-146737800-0

Source Type: Conference Proceeding Original language: English

DOI: 10.1109/ICICI-BME.2015.7401359 Document Type: Conference Paper

Sponsors: CAS Chapters,Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,IEEE Indonesia EMB,School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

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Image texture features as indicators of beef tenderness

Cited 114 times http://www.elsevier.com/locate/meatsci

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A comparison between two methods (Warner-Bratzler and texture proﬁle analysis) for testing either raw meat or cooked meat

Cited 165 times http://www.elsevier.com/locate/meatsci

View at Publisher

3

Determination of meat quality by texture analysis

Cited 69 times http://www.journals.elsevier.com/pattern-recognition-letters/

View at Publisher

Application of texture image analysis for the classiﬁcation of bovine meat

Cited 51 times

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Segmentation of beef marbling based on vision threshold

Cited 25 times

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Evaluation of beef marbling grade based on advanced watershed algorithm and neural network

Cited 7 times http://www.maxwellsci.com/print/ajfst/v6-206-211.pdf

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Identiﬁcation of plasmodium falciparum phase in red blood cells using artiﬁcial neural networks

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Identiﬁcation of plasmodium falciparum development phase in malaria infected red blood cells using adaptive color segmentation and decision tree based classiﬁcation

Cited 8 times http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer10/ijaerv10n2_155.pdf

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Proceedings of

2015 4 ^th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and

Biomedical Engineering

Science and Technology for Future Health

Institut Teknologi Bandung | November 2-3, 2015

Organized By :

IEEE Catalog Number : CFP1587H-ART

ISBN : 978-1-4673-7800-0

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Proceedings

2015 4 ^th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology,

and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME)

November 2-3, 2015

Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung, Indonesia

Organized by:

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2015 4

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International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME)

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Preface

Wilujeng Sumping,

Welcome to 2015 Fourth International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME), in Bandung, Indonesia.

On behalf of the organizing committee, we are delighted to welcome all of the participants to the ICICI-BME 2015. This biennial conference is organized under the auspices of the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesian Sensor and Actuator System Society (ISASS), Indonesian Biomedical Engineering Society (IBES), and sponsored by the School of Electrical Engineering & Informatics, the Faculty of Mathematics & Natural Sciences, together with IEEE Indonesia EMB and CAS Chapters.

ICICI-BME is dedicated to the presentation and discussion of the latest developments and ideas in instrumentation, measurements, communications, information technology, and biomedical engineering, in both theory and application.

This conference also aims to strengthen the collaboration among international researchers, scientists, engineers, and industrial players in the fields of science and engineering. It is designed to be a meeting point for those who are involved, to globally exchange and share their views, ideas, and advances in science, technology, and industrial aspects.

Our gratitude to many people which helped making this conference a reality, to all of our invited speakers and guests, and for all of our committee members for their effort to ensure the success of this conference. Finally, we hope that all of participants will learn new things, make new contacts, get new ideas, and have fruitful discussion while having a pleasant experience during our conference in Bandung.

Hatur Nuhun, Thank You

Mitra Djamal & Tati L. R. Mengko

Chairs of ICICI-BME 2015

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ICICI-BME 2015 Committee

GENERAL CHAIR

M. Djamal (ITB, Indonesia) T. L. R. Mengko (ITB, Indonesia)

ADVISORY BOARD

K. Suryadi (ITB, Indonesia) H.-D. Liess (UniBw Muenchen, Germany)

E. T. Baskoro (ITB, Indonesia) M. Liess (RheinMain, Germany)

J. Sembiring (ITB, Indonesia) I. Nakajima (Tokai, Japan)

I. N. P. Aryantha (ITB, Indonesia) M. Nuh (ITS, Indonesia)

C. Badri (UI, Indonesia) J. Rodrigues (UBI, Portugal)

E. Y. Chuang (NTU, Taiwan) K. Shimada (JAXA, Japan)

Y. Fujii (Gunma, Japan) S. Soegijoko (ITB, Indonesia)

H. Grain (La Trobe, Australia) A. B. Suksmono (ITB, Indonesia)

M. Horprathum (MST, Thailand) Suprijanto (ITB, Indonesia)

J. Kaewkhao (NPRU, Thailand) E. Supriyanto (UTM, Malaysia)

D. Kurniadi (ITB, Indonesia) G. J. Verkerke (Groningen, Netherlands)

PROGRAM COMMITTEE

D. Abdurrachim (TuE, Netherlands) A. Prakosa (JHU, United States) K. Adi (Undip, Indonesia) I. K. E. Purnama (ITS, Indonesia) W. Adiprawita (ITB, Indonesia) M. H. Purnomo (ITS, Indonesia)

M. K. Agusta (ITB, Indonesia) D. Riana (STMIK NM, Indonesia)

Y. Ansar (ITB, Indonesia) M. I. Rusydi (Unand, Indonesia)

I. Arif (ITB, Indonesia) T. A. Sardjono (ITS, Indonesia)

F. Haryanto (ITB, Indonesia) N. Syakrani (Polban, Indonesia)

E. M. Idris (ITB, Indonesia) Suprijadi (ITB, Indonesia)

A. A. Iskandar (UI, Indonesia) W. Siswomihardjo (UGM, Indonesia) S. N. Khotimah (ITB, Indonesia) H. Zakaria (ITB, Indonesia)

A. I. Mahyuddin (ITB, Indonesia) I. Zakia (ITB, Indonesia)

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ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Astri Handayani Adhelia Ekarani

Agung Wahyu Setiawan Tiper Uniplaita

Donny Danudirdjo Koespriyandito

Muhammad Shiddiq Sayyid Hashuro Rahma Dewi

Habibur Muhaimin Mochamad Irwan Nari

Misuari Sabirin Ilman Himawan Kusumah

Donny Mirza Amanatulhay Pribadi

Rizki Putra Prastio Tuti Adi Tama Nasution

Agwin Fahmi Fahanani Johan Agathon

Dian Rahmawati Raditya Artha

Rebecca Chyntia Aji Suryo

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(17)

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Prognostication and molecular regulation of acute myeloid leukemia: An integration of bioinformatics and clinical medicine

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Abstract: In biomedical research, high-throughput genomic technologies, such as DNA microarrays and next-generation sequencing, can investigate millions of gene features in a short... View more

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Published in: 2015 4th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME)

Abstract:

In biomedical research, high-throughput genomic technologies, such as DNA microarrays and next-generation sequencing, can investigate millions of gene features in a short time. However, to comprehensively analyze such big data and dissect biologically and clinically crucial information has emerged to be a challenging task. In my talk, I will present our recent studies in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as a showcase for demonstrating how an integration of bioinformatics and clinical medicine can contribute to translation medicine.

Date of Conference: 2-3 Nov. 2015 Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 11 February 2016

INSPEC Accession Number: 15789260 DOI: 10.1109/ICICI-BME.2015.7401301 Publisher: IEEE

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4/22/2020 The future of cardiovascular imaging - IEEE Conference Publication

1Author(s) Eko Supriyanto View All Authors

The future of cardiovascular imaging

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Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the most common killer worldwide. The technology advancement has successfully postponed someone obtaining cardiovascular disease and increased h... View more

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Cardiovascular disease is the most common killer worldwide. The technology advancement has successfully postponed someone obtaining cardiovascular disease and increased healthy life expectancy. Cardiovascular diseases are mostly affected by unhealthy life style, heredity or aging. The abnormalities of anatomy and physiology in cardiovascular system such as blood vessel blockage, valve defect, and abnormal heart muscle are typical characteristics of cardiovascular diseases. These abnormalities are happened in the DNA, cell, tissue, organ or body system. The system carries blood containing nutrient and oxygen via pulmonary and systemic circulation controlled by nerve system, protected by immune system and regulated by hormone system. The management of cardiovascular diseases is very complex task. In the early stage of abnormalities, a high performance medical diagnosis instrument is required. This applies also in the detail diagnosis, surgical or intervention, as well as post treatment monitoring. One of the best diagnosis modalities is the medical imaging system. A number of medical imaging systems have been invented since many decades. Until now, however there are still limitations which need to be solved to achieve a safe imaging system with excellent resolution and speed for time and spatial dependent imaging. Ultrasound system has limited resolution due to size of crystal and frequency

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4/22/2020 The future of cardiovascular imaging - IEEE Conference Publication

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clinically such as infrared and microwave. These have however limited resolution. In the last few years, some imaging modalities have been combined, such as PET-CT, PET- MRI, Ultrasound-CT, and Magneto-Acoustics. The combination is to obtain benefit ...

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Conference Location: Bandung, Indonesia Eko Supriyanto

Univ. Teknol. Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia

Eko Supriyanto

Univ. Teknol. Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia

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4/22/2020 Safety of emerging universal technologies: drone and nano-bubble water - IEEE Conference Publication

1Author(s) Kazuhito Shimada View All Authors

Safety of emerging universal technologies: drone and nano- bubble water

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Abstract: There are new big new universal technologies in research and coming to commercial market. This paper discusses two of them as examples: drone and nano- bubble water, speci... View more

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There are new big new universal technologies in research and coming to commercial market. This paper discusses two of them as examples: drone and nano-bubble water, specially their safety aspects. Safety of new technologies are becoming more publicized than before; however, its assessment are more difficult compared with that in the past.

Drone: It is also called as UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Uninhabited Air Vehicle), UAS (Unmanned Aircraft System), ROAV (Remotely Operated Aerial Vehicle), or aeromodel (up to 5 kg by air sport rules). Their operational rules are heavily discussed world-wide. Governmental controls are mainly focused on security (one found on the roof of Japanese Prime Minister office) and privacy, but also direct contact injuries had happened. JAXA data show that 5 kg test article presented with lethal level of Head Injury Criterion values on human body dummy. The most significant issue is that nobody has a systematic accident database. Nano-bubble water This is a Japanese invented very new technology. When bubbles with diameters less than 100 nanometers are generated within water, they do not dissipate for a long period, typically several months.

There certainly are great possibilities and business-opportunities for this, but there are problems. Since no standardized measurement methods are agreed yet, many bottled

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4/22/2020 Safety of emerging universal technologies: drone and nano-bubble water - IEEE Conference Publication

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fields for these. We need to facilitate biomedical safety reviews for new technologies including the two above.

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Conference Location: Bandung, Indonesia Kazuhito Shimada

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tokyo

Drone

It is also called as UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Uninhabited Air Vehicle), UAS (Unmanned Aircraft System), ROAV (Remotely Operated Aerial Vehicle), or aeromodel (up to 5 kg by air sport rules). Their operational rules are heavily discussed world-wide. Governmental controls are mainly focused on security (one found on the roof of Japanese Prime Minister office) and privacy, but also direct contact injuries had happened. JAXA data show that 5 kg test article presented with lethal level of Head Injury Criterion values on human body dummy.

The most significant issue is that nobody has a systematic accident database.

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Kazuhito Shimada

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tokyo Contents

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4/22/2020 Luminescence from lanthanides-doped glasses and applications: A review - IEEE Conference Publication

2Author(s) Patarawagee Yasaka ; Jakrapong Kaewkhao View All Authors

Luminescence from lanthanides-doped glasses and applications:

A review

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Abstract Document Sections I. Introduction II. Luminescence

Phenomena [11]

III. Application of Luminescence Materials[49]

IV. Conclusion

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Abstract: In this work, the luminescence behaviors and applications from trivalent lanthanide ions doped glasses have been reviewed. Glasses have advantage is recyclable, good ener... View more

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In this work, the luminescence behaviors and applications from trivalent lanthanide ions doped glasses have been reviewed. Glasses have advantage is recyclable, good energy storage, high soluble rare earth and can be shaped into any size of interest, including fiber. Glasses are also essential materials and can be utilized in many forms.

The trivalent lanthanide ions are also a substance of interest with their optical properties, which allow a variety of technological applications. For examples, the rare earth doped materials have already been developed as sensor devices, energy saving lighting devices, optical displays, optical fibers, amplifiers, and lasers. Visible and Near- infrared luminescence for high power lasers is a current requirement in photonics and modern fiber optic telecommunication network. An emphasis has to be put in recent advances of the emitting materials for amplifiers, fiber lasers, and waveguides. In this review, up and down conversion luminescence properties of the glasses doped with several lanthanide ions, i.e., Ce , Pr , Nd , Sm , Eu , Dy , Er , Yb , Ho , Tm , and Tb . Moreover, the current status of their potential applications are also given.

3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

3+ 3+ 3+

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Optical absorption and Photoluminescence in ultra thin silver and silver iodide films 2008 IEEE PhotonicsGlobal@Singapore Published: 2008

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4/22/2020 Luminescence from lanthanides-doped glasses and applications: A review - IEEE Conference Publication

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Conference Location: Bandung, Indonesia Patarawagee Yasaka

Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM), Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, 73000, Thailand

Jakrapong Kaewkhao

I. Introduction

Glasses are supercooled liquids, transparent, and amorphous in nature.

They are inorganic product of fusion which has cooled to a rigid condition without any crystallization. The main distinction between glass and crystals is the presence of long range order in the crystal structure [1]. The optimization of such properties as a function of composition and other processing parameters requires a good knowledge of the microscopic glassy structure. For many years, glasses containing several ions have attracted attention because of their potential applications in electrochemical, electronic, and electro-optic devices [2].

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Patarawagee Yasaka

Jakrapong Kaewkhao

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4/22/2020 Molecular Imaging of cancer cell response to chemotherapeutic drugs emphasized on P-glycoprotein function - IEEE Conference Publica…

1Author(s) Suchart Kothan View All Authors

Molecular Imaging of cancer cell response to chemotherapeutic drugs emphasized on P-glycoprotein function

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Abstract: The occurrence of cellular drug resistance to cytotoxic drugs at the clinical level called multidrug resistance (MDR) has been studied by many research groups.

Drug resis... View more Metadata

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The occurrence of cellular drug resistance to cytotoxic drugs at the clinical level called multidrug resistance (MDR) has been studied by many research groups. Drug resistance is a major problem in chemotherapy for cancer. One of the most important reasons for this resistance is the over-expression of the multiple drug resistance (mdr) gene before and after induction of chemotherapy. It is frequently associated to an overexpression of drug transporters proteins, 170 kDa P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the MDR1 gene product and 190 kDa multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), the MRP1 gene product. Along with the drugs, many surrogate markers of Pgp function in vivo, such as 99mTc-labelled lipophilic cationic radiopharmaceuticals, can be pumped out of cells with MDR overexpression. The mechanism of uptake of 99mTc-MIBI by tumor cells is related to the cell membrane potential, although its passage through the membrane involves passive diffusion. Moreover, since the recognition of 99mTc-MIBI as a transport substrate for P-glycoprotein, this modality has attracted great interest for the prediction of chemotherapy resistance. The 99mTc-MIBI interacts with a common transport domain on Pgp shared by other substrates. The decrease intracellular level of the substrates is the result of enhanced efflux by these membrane transporters. It has been suggested

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4/22/2020 Molecular Imaging of cancer cell response to chemotherapeutic drugs emphasized on P-glycoprotein function - IEEE Conference Publica…

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Bioflavonoids are demonstrated to be effective in protection of various normal cell types from oxidative injury. Bioflavonoid as the strong antioxidants renews an interest for cancer treatment since they induce apoptosis of various cancer cell types, but not in normal cells, via induction of the mitochon...

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Conference Location: Bandung, Indonesia Suchart Kothan

Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand

Suchart Kothan

Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand

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4/22/2020 Abuse prevention of street camera network by browsing-history disclosure - IEEE Conference Publication

4Author(s) Yusaku Fujii ; Noriaki Yoshiura ; Naoya Ohta ; Akihiro Takita View All Authors

Abuse prevention of street camera network by browsing-history disclosure

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Abstract: Summary form only given. Street camera network, in which many street cameras are installed at high density just like street lights throughout the nation, will have a stro... View more

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Summary form only given. Street camera network, in which many street cameras are installed at high density just like street lights throughout the nation, will have a stronger positive effect in suspect tracking and crime deterrence in the near future. On the other hand, it will also have a stronger negative possibility in violation of privacy of ordinary citizen. It is necessary for such a stronger surveillance camera system, which forcibly captures the images of passers for the public interest, to be accepted as an essential social infrastructure by the society, that only the usage for the public interest, which is accepted by the society beforehand, is possible and this can be believed by the ordinary citizen. To realize this, a new concept, in which abuse of street camera network is deterred by browsing-history disclosure, is proposed. In the lecture, the concept, the prototype and the experiment will be reported and the future prospect will also be presented.

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4/22/2020 Abuse prevention of street camera network by browsing-history disclosure - IEEE Conference Publication

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Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 11 February 2016

ISBN Information:

Publisher: IEEE

Conference Location: Bandung, Indonesia Yusaku Fujii

Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan

Noriaki Yoshiura

Naoya Ohta

Akihiro Takita

Yusaku Fujii

Noriaki Yoshiura

Naoya Ohta

Akihiro Takita

(32)

4/22/2020 Beef quality identification using color analysis and k-nearest neighbor classification - IEEE Conference Publication

4Author(s) Kusworo Adi ; Sri Pujiyanto ; Oky Dwi Nurhayati ; Adi Pamungkas View All Authors

Beef quality identification using color analysis and k-nearest neighbor classification

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Abstract Document Sections I. Introduction II. Literature Review III. Method IV. Result and

Discussion V. Conclusion

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Abstract: Beef is one of the many produce prone to contamination by microorganism.

Water and nutrition contents make an ideal medium for the growth and proliferation of microorgani... View more

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Beef is one of the many produce prone to contamination by microorganism. Water and nutrition contents make an ideal medium for the growth and proliferation of

microorganism. Contaminated beef will degrade and has less storage duration. Beef is valued by two factors; its price and its quality. The quality itself is measured using four characteristics; marbling, color of meat, color of fat, and meat density. Specifically, marbling is the dominant parameter that determines meat's quality. Determination of meat quality is conducted visually by comparing the actual meat and reference pictures of each meat class. This process is very subjective in nature. Therefore, this research aims to develop an automated system to determine meat by adopting the Indonesian National Standard requirement on the quality of carcass and beef (SNI 3932:2008) using the image processing technique. Image segmentation is carried out using the thresholding method and classification is conducted using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. The features used to differentiate beef quality are marbling score, color of meat, and color of fat. Results indicate that the system developed is able to acquire images and identify beef quality as required in the Indonesian National Standard.

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4/22/2020 Beef quality identification using color analysis and k-nearest neighbor classification - IEEE Conference Publication

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Conference Location: Bandung, Indonesia Kusworo Adi

Department of Physics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Sri Pujiyanto

Department of Biology, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Oky Dwi Nurhayati

Department of Computer System, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Adi Pamungkas

Department of Physics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

I. Introduction

Beef is one of the many produce prone to contamination by

microorganism. Water and nutrition contents make an ideal medium for the growth and proliferation of microorganism [1], [2]. Contaminated beef will degrade and has less storage duration. Beef is valued by two factors; its price and its quality. The quality itself is measured using four characteristics; marbling, color of meat, color of fat, and meat density.

Specifically, marbling is the dominant parameter that determines meat's quality [3], [4]. Determination of beef quality is conducted visually by comparing the actual meat and reference pictures of each meat class.

This process is very subjective in nature. Therefore, this research aims to develop an automatic system to determine meat quality based on the marbling score using the image processing technique. Some research have shown that image processing can be applied to analyze the color and texture of meat that it can be used as a reference in the process of beef quality identification [3], [4], [5], [6]. Furthermore, marbling grade evaluation has been conducted using the watershed algorithm and artificial nerve network [7]. This research focuses on the development of image segmentation process using the thresholding method and image classification using the -nearest neighbor algorithm. Some research has already applied image processing with thresholding segmentation to extract features [8], [9], [10], [11]. This method is suitable for the process of meat quality identification based on color and texture. The algorithm developed proves to yield good results, that it can be implemented for the analysis of meat color and texture. Some methods applicable for this research include the thresholding segmentation method that can be used to identify marbling in meat.

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Image texture features as indicators of beef tenderness

A comparison between two methods (Warner-Bratzler and texture proﬁle analysis) for testing either raw meat or cooked meat

Determination of meat quality by texture analysis

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Proceedings of

2015 4 th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and

Biomedical Engineering

Science and Technology for Future Health

Institut Teknologi Bandung | November 2-3, 2015

Organized By :

IEEE Catalog Number : CFP1587H-ART

ISBN : 978-1-4673-7800-0

Proceedings

2015 4 th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology,

and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME)

November 2-3, 2015

Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung, Indonesia

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2015 4

International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME)

Copyright © 2015 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

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For other copying, reprint, or reproduction request should be addressed to IEEE Copyrights Manager, IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331

ISBN: 978-1-4673-7800-0

IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1587H-ART

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Preface

Wilujeng Sumping,

Welcome to 2015 Fourth International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME), in Bandung, Indonesia.

ICICI-BME is dedicated to the presentation and discussion of the latest developments and ideas in instrumentation, measurements, communications, information technology, and biomedical engineering, in both theory and application.

Hatur Nuhun, Thank You

Mitra Djamal & Tati L. R. Mengko

Chairs of ICICI-BME 2015

ICICI-BME 2015 Committee

GENERAL CHAIR

2015 4 ^th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and

2015 4 ^th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology,