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International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics
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Prototype Design and Analysis of Miniature Pulse Discharge Current Generator on Various Burdens
Introduction
A number of simulations have been performed to adjust the formation of the output of a kind of Marx pulse generator. It has been done design, construction and analysis of the uncertainty of the pulse voltage calibrator that could be calculated. According to these results, it was achieved by an optimization of the lightning current waveform first short stroke [16].
When the analytical equations were used as an impulse source, it worked as a perfect generator and output waveform characteristics did not depend on the impedance of the system. Consequently, characteristics of waveforms introduced to the system were not dependent on the impedance of the system and no loading effect in action under this scenario. Obviously, the waveform characteristics of the generated impulses were varied by the influence of the non-linear load impedance.
These results imply that the impedance of the system load can affect the generator characteristics. When impedance of the nonlinear load increased, the characteristics of current impulse waveform were also changed and significantly deviated from the expected values. When impedance of the non-linear load decreased, the characteristics of voltage impulse waveform were also deviated from the expected values.
When the analytical equations were used as impulse sources, it acted as perfect generators and V-I characteristics did not depend on the system impedance. However, the V-I characteristics of the generated waveforms are significantly varied by the impedance of the nonlinear load that was associated with the generator circuit models.
Research Methods
The state of the art in this research was to generate pulsed current in a miniature prototype, where the ball gap distance was also very short, around 1.5 mm, and the currents were recorded under different load scenarios. However, since the source was direct current (dc), not just a capacitor, the breakdown discharges occurred multiple times instead of once. To get some waveform phenomena, we gave the circuits four scenarios.
Compared to previous research, it was usually only simulation, so the ball gap distance was not considered, or voltage quantity measurement methods were used instead of current. Therefore, in this research, we recorded the discharge currents practically or under real conditions. When assembling the pulse generator, the main component consisted of transformer diodes, capacitors and resistors.
The role of the diode was very important, with the diode's principle of operation appearing only once in the current, positive or negative, depending on the purpose of the output. The capacitors used were direct current type PAG/450Volt-100F and the resistors were ceramic type. Nevertheless, the discharge current could be measured by the oscilloscope via series voltage divider resistors.
This way, the discharge current phenomena could be measured indirectly and the measuring equipment is in safe conditions.
Research Results And Discussion
Figure 5(a) shows the pulse load circuits and the voltage divider, while Figure 5(b) shows the capacitors for the pulse load circuits. The first sample current waveform result for the first pulse load circuit scenario Figure 10 shows the second sample current waveform result of the measurement result for the first pulse load circuit scenario. The magnitude would increase locally at frequency and 61035 Hz, and Fig. 10(d) is a large distance where the magnitudes of the discharge current would decrease slightly as the frequency increased. a) First prototype design of individual waveform and analysis of miniature impulse discharge current.
The first sample current waveform result for the second pulse load circuit scenario Figure 13 shows the waveforms of the second sample current waveform of the second pulse load circuit scenario. The magnitude would increase locally at frequency and 46387 Hz, and Fig. 13(d) is a large distance where the magnitudes of the discharge current would decrease slightly as the frequency increased. The first sample current waveform result for the third pulse load circuit scenario Figure 16 shows the waveforms of the second sample current waveform result for the third pulse load circuit scenario.
Second example of the current waveform result for the third scenario of the pulse load circuit. Figure 17 shows the fourth scenario of the pulse load circuit. First example of the current waveform result for the fourth scenario of the pulse load circuit. Figure 19 shows the second example of the current waveform of the measurement result for the fourth scenario of the pulse load circuit. The magnitude would locally increase in frequency from 48828 Hz, and Figure 19(d) is the long-range frequency, where the currents remained relatively high.
Conclusion
The wave frequency response of the discharge to the capacitively dominated loads would be worse than that to the resistively dominated loads. Based on the table, the dominated capacitive existence would cause the repeated discharge to be shorter than that of the dominated resistive existence.
Acknowledgments
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Villagiian, “High Voltage Pulse Generators and Spark Gap for Gas Discharge Control”, Instrumentación Revista Mexicana de Física 41, No. 16].Ju-Hong Eom, Sung-Chul Cho† and Tae-Hyung Lee*, “Parameters Optimization of Impulse Generator Circuit for Generating First Short Stroke Lightning Current Waveform”, J Electr Eng Technol Vol. 17].Zhu, Y., Zuegel, J.D., Marciante, J.R., Wu, H., "Distributed Waveform Generator: A New Circuit Technique for Ultra-Wideband Pulse Generation, Shaping, and Modulation", IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. .
18]. Waluyo, Syahrial, Sigit Nugraha, Yudhi Permana JR, "Miniature Prototype Design and Implementation of Modified Multiplier Circuit DC High Voltage Generator", International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology (IJEET), International Association for Engineering and Management Education (IAEME) ), Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp. He has respectively B.Eng., M.Eng. and Doctorate degrees in electrical engineering from Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia, in and received in 2010. Since 2003, he has been a lecturer at Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (Itenas) Bandung, Indonesia.
He received B.Eng., Degree in electrical engineering from National Institute of Technology (Itenas) Bandung, Indonesia, in 2000, and M.Eng. Since 2005, he has been a lecturer at Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology (Itenas) Bandung, Indonesia.
