Using a qualitative methodology, the researcher tried to analyze the types and causes of errors in the use of transition signals that occur in students' essay writing. After analyzing the data, the researcher found five types of errors in the use of transition signals occurring in the essay writing of ten students. The types of errors were (1) Errors in the use of punctuation with a maximum frequency of 33%, (2) Errors in the use of transitional signs for sentences and clauses 29%, (3) Errors in the use of types of transitional signs 30%, (4) Errors in the repetition are transient signals 4% and (5) Errors in the placement of transient signals 4%.
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
- Focus of the Study
- Problem Limitation
- Problem Formulation
- Objectives and Benefits of the Study
- Objectives of the Study
- Benefits of the Study
- Prior Research
The result of the pre-survey showed that the students still made mistakes in the use of transition signals in the essay writing assignment. To explain the causes of errors in the use of transition signals on the students' essay writing. It is equally important for the lecturer to know the students' mistakes in using transition signals in essay writing.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Concept of Essay Writing
- Definition of Essay Writing
- Types of Essay Writing
A topic sentence tells the reader what the main idea or theme of the paragraph is. Topic is the topic of the paragraph taken from the essay map in the thesis sentence. The controlling idea tells what the writer will develop about the topic of the paragraph.
The Use of Transition Signals in Essay Writing
- Definition of Transition Signals
- Types of Transition Signals
- Function of Transition Signals
Using transition signals makes your paragraph smoother and helps your reader understand it more easily. Transition cues can tell your reader whether the topic of the next paragraph follows the same train of thought or reverses direction.27. The other types of transitional signals on the table include adjectives like extra, preposition like despite, and noun like example.
Concept of Error Analysis
- Definition of Error Analysis
- Category of Error Analysis
- Objectives of Error Analysis
- Procedures of Error Analysis
Second language researchers and teachers have come to realize that the mistakes made by a person in this process of constructing a new language system must be carefully analyzed because they may hold some of the keys to understanding the process of second language kept in it. acquisition. These hesitations, slips, random ungrammaticalities and other performance lapses in native speaker production also occur in second language speech. Meanwhile, an error, a noticeable deviation from the mature grammar of a native speaker, reflects the competence of the learner.
The fact that students make errors and that these errors can be observed, analyzed, and classified to reveal some of the system at work in the learner led to a wave of research on student errors called error analysis.33. The first step in the analysis process is the identification and description of errors. Finally, Lennon suggests that two related dimensions of error, domain and scope, should be considered in any error analysis.
According to Corder, there are five steps in error analysis research to achieve the objectives of improving language teaching and pedagogy. Researchers have identified three broad types of error analysis according to sample size. Linguistic category related to traditional error analysis undertaken for pedagogical purposes; they can be chosen to correspond closely to those found in structural syllabi and language texts.
In these studies, assessments are based on three basic categories: comprehensibility, seriousness and naturalness of the grammar and the lexis.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Types and Characteristics of the Research
Data Collecting Technique
- Observation
- Interview
- Documentation
In the open-ended question, the researcher varied some questions from 5W1H questions that allow the participants in free thinking, suggestions and detailed answer. Documentation is a tool for gathering information in the form of written sources or documentaries such as books, magazines, daily notes, etc.
Data Analysis Technique
In the example above, using the transition signal .. but” without punctuation is incorrect. Therefore, it is better to include transition signals that introduce an additional idea to make these sentences more logically connected. a) “The impact of technological progress affects the daily life of people who become individuals. In the example above, there are two statements connected by the "To close" transition signal.
These were the errors using transition signals that appeared on the students' essay writing. The teacher provides motivation …” (Essay writing 1). It should be formulated as: "The teacher gives motivation...") b. The contributing factors to the students' mistakes in using transition signals in essay writing with reference to the researcher's analysis were three points.
Rather, the researcher found only some of the transition signals used when writing the students' ten essays. The researcher found 9 error items when using punctuation for transition signals at a rate of 33.33%. The researcher found 8 error items on transition signal types with a percentage of 29.63%.
Based on the result result, the researcher found that students made five types of mistakes in using transition signals in essay writing.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Description of Research Setting
- Organization Structure of IAIN Metro
- The Facilities of IAIN Metro
- Location Sketch of IAIN Metro
- The Population of IAIN Metro
- The Profile of English Education Department
The establishment of IAIN Metro cannot be separated from the history of IAIN Radin Intan Bandar Lampung, which began with the efforts of elite and religious figures of the Lampung Islamic Welfare Foundation (YKIL). Similarly, in 1967, the Faculties of Education and Islamic Law were established in Metro City at the request of Metro Society. As a state, IAIN Metro was established to graduate students who have quality not only in developing Islamic values but also in science.
Then, in order to realize the vision of IAIN Metro, he put together some tasks, namely: (1) the development of the three pillars of the university (education, research and development, and social services), (2) the development and dissemination of technology in Islamic culture and the creation of academics who are smart, capable and. Today, IAIN Metro has four faculties namely Faculty of Tarbiyah and Faculty of Teacher Training, Faculty of Syari'ah, Faculty of Economic Business and Faculty of Islamic Publication and Communication. To support lecturers and students in carrying out the learning process, IAIN Metro has provided some premises.
Historically, S1 TBI IAIN Metro came from the Diploma 3 (D3) of the Education Study Program in English that was opened in 2002. The legal and operational license of TBI is based on the clarification letter of the director general of Islamic Education No. Based on the above statement, the Department of English Education (TBI) continuously strives to develop quality in the learning and teaching process.
In fact, it will create a dynamic, open and respectful relationship between TBI IAIN Metro stakeholders.
Description of the Research Data
- Pattern of Errors
- Typology of Errors
- Implication of the Language Teaching-Learning Process
In addition, the researcher elaborated those kinds of errors in the use of transition signals that appear in the student's essay as follows:. As mentioned in the literature review, there are rules for using punctuation for transition signals when writing essays. Therefore, using the transition signal "In fact" indicating a rephrasing or explanation is incorrect.
They use punctuation marks for transition signals, different transition signals for sentence and clause connectors, different types of transition signals based on the function and placement of the transition signal (at the beginning; in the middle; or . at the end). After analyzing the essay writing data of ten students, the researcher found five types of errors in the use of transition signals within the essay writing. It can also be found that the highest frequency of errors in the use of transition signals in students' essay writing was the error in punctuation for transitive signals with a percentage of 33%.
In this research, the researcher dealt with the issue of using transitional signals in essay writing. Therefore, we can conclude that the highest frequency of error was Error on separators for transient signals with 33.33%. We suggest that students pay more attention to written composition, especially the use of transition signals when writing an essay.
It is equally important for lecturers to know about students' mistakes in using transition signals in essay writing. There is no kind of transition signal used in this sentence, while the second sentence shows the additional information of the previous one). The correlation between ideas is made clearer by adding several types of transition signals based on function).
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
CONCLUSION
The objectives of this research were to know the types of errors and to know the causes of errors in the use of transition signals in essay writing among students of the fourth semester of the Department of English Education at the Metro State Institute for Islamic Studies. These types of errors were Error in punctuation for transition signals with 9 items and a percentage of 33.33%, Error in sentences and clause connections with 8 items and a percentage of 29.63%, Error in types of transitional signals with 8 items and percentage 29.63%, Error in placing transition signals with 1 item and percentage 3.70%, Error in repeated transition signals with 1 item and percentage 3.70%. Furthermore, referring to the result of the analysis and the result of the interview, the researcher found that there are three causes of errors.
They are inability to identify the rules of using transition signals, failure to master transition signals, inability to arrange the ideas in essay writing structure.
SUGGESTION
- Types of Transition Signals
- Facilities in IAIN Metro
- Students population in IAIN Metro
- Types of Error on Using Transition Signals in Essay Writing
- Transition Signals for Sentences and Clauses Connectors
- Types of Transition Signals Based on the Function
- The Percentage of Error on Using Transition Signals in the
- Essay Writing Structure
- Analysis Components of Miles and Hubberman Model
- Structural Organization of IAIN Metro
- Location Sketch of IAIN Metro (Campus 1)
- Location Sketch of IAIN Metro (Campus 2)
- Types of Error on Using Transition Signal in Essay Writing
An analysis of transition signals in discussion texts written by sixth semester students on UNDANA's English study program in the academic year 2016/2017. There was no kind of transition signal, while the second sentence indicates an example of the previous sentence. Therefore, it is better to add type of transition signals that introduce examples such as for example or for example).
By adding a type of transition signal that indicates additional information, ideas between sentences become easier to understand). In the case of online games, teenagers and adults will feel their own satisfaction while playing. This paragraph does not use any type of transition signals, which made the paragraph not have a clear correlation of ideas).
In the case of online games, teenagers and adults will feel their own satisfaction while playing. In sentences with two independent clauses, there was no type of transitive signal “In my class, some lecturers used power point, video or whatever to explain the material” and “some lecturer used Google Classroom to communicate and give assignments”). In conclusion, we can conclude that we must open our minds, that children's achievements must always be guided and directed."
Note: "In the conclusion" and "we can conclude that" similarly indicate a conclusion or summary. Note: Using the transition signal "In contrast" indicating the opposite idea in the example above is incorrect because the last sentence did not indicate the opposite idea. Therefore, the proper types of transition signals that should be used are Accordingly, As a result, As a result, As a result, Therefore, etc.).
