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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i4.7325
Ethnography: The Initial Steps of Leadership Ipuk-Sugirah Leading Banyuwangi
Andang Subaharianto
Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Jember, Indonesia andangsbh@gmail.com
I. Introduction
The General Election Commission of Banyuwangi Regency through the Banyuwangi Regency KPU Decree No. 15/HK.03.1-Kpt/3510/KPU-Kab/II/2021 dated February 18, 2021, determined the Ipuk-Sugirah pair as Regent and Deputy Regent who won in the election contestation. Banyuwangi 2020. The KPU Decree also stipulates the acquisition of 438,847 (four hundred and thirty-eight thousand eight hundred forty-seven) votes or 52.43% of the total valid votes.
The victory of the Ipuk-Sugirah pair in the 2020 Banyuwangi Regional Head Election contestation in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic has created homework that
Abstract
The Banyuwangi Regency General Election Commission through the Banyuwangi Regency KPU Decree No. 15/HK.03.1-Kpt/3510/KPU- Kab/II/2021 dated February 18, 2021, determined the Ipuk-Sugirah pair as Regent and Deputy Regent who won in the Pilkada contestation Banyuwangi 2020. An interesting thing was conveyed by the regent in focusing on economic recovery due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Of course, we hope that the goal of economic recovery will run smoothly and the indicators will be achieved. In the economic recovery section due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there are 7 points that are the targets of renewal. The problem that occurs in people's lives is that an increase in per capita income may not raise people's real living standards. The infrastructure development policy that prioritizes villages as passive patronage is a policy that is close to the welfare barn. Considering the potential of the village is the closest potential to ensure welfare, these glasses are certainly very difficult to find when the orientation of the leader is only limited to developmentalism but when the orientation of the leader is focused on the interests of the community, of course, the theory of social analysis needs to be developed. This Writing Method Is Descriptive.
Descriptive method is a method that aims to describe or provide an overview of the object under study through data or samples that have been collected as they are without analyzing and making conclusions that apply to the public. The Covid-19 pandemic has proven not only to destroy the economy. But, also killing humans en masse. It's not just about killing large numbers of people. But it also kills the hopes of many people. Society is overshadowed by anxiety, confusion, and helplessness. His life is threatened, his source of livelihood is also threatened. Not in a short time. In Indonesia since the beginning of 2020. No one can confirm the stopping point. All of this can lead to despair. The situation for Ipuk – Sugirah's departure was very different. Let's look at the initial energy. Ipuk – Sugirah started the government with a significantly lower APBD. The 2020 APBD is 3.3 trillion rupiah. Ipuk - Sugirah started her government with the 2021 APBD of 2.7 trillion. Down about 600 billion rupiah. Certainly not a small number for the size of the district.
Keywords
ethnography; ipuk-sugirah;
banyuwangi
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Volume 5, No 4, November 2022, Page: 31292-31300 e-ISSN: 2615-3076 (Online), p-ISSN: 2615-1715 (Print)
www.bircu-journal.com/index.php/birci email: birci.journal@gmail.com
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is not easy for all leaders to deal with. Based on the vision and mission of the Regent and Deputy Regent of Banyuwangi, there are nine priority agendas and the main focus will be carried out as a form of efforts to restore the economic sector and serve the Banyuwangi Regency government to the community. The outbreak of this virus has an impact of a nation and Globally (Ningrum et al, 2020). The presence of Covid-19 as a pandemic certainly has an economic, social and psychological impact on society (Saleh and Mujahiddin, 2020). Covid 19 pandemic caused all efforts not to be as maximal as expected (Sihombing and Nasib, 2020). The future policy direction of Ipuk-Sugirah's leadership can be reflected in the ratification of the 2021-2026 RPJMD which is guided by the vision, mission and program. During the 6-month administration period, various socio-political, cultural and economic dynamics were faced (Subaharianto 2022).
Exploration in the academic arena is often embodied in formalistic narratives.
Always presented in various approaches that color the public space. If we look closely at it, the varied approaches to local government studies are always interesting to be processed in the academic cycle. Especially in highlighting policies and providing recommendations, because a leader need this. Borrowing the theory from Antonio Gramsci which states that a class cannot achieve national leadership and become hegemonic, if the class only pays attention to their own interests, then they must also pay attention to the demands and struggles of the people which do not have a pure class character, namely interests that do not arise. directly from production relations (Saptono, 1999).
Thus, hegemony has a class dimension and a people's national dimension. Therefore, the hegemony that is created must be in synergy with the needs of the community or the conditions of the community. With research or with a needs approach, the government will be more efficient and effective (Pons, 2017). This time, we will focus on the economic recovery strategy due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which was conveyed at the 2021 Musrembang. Ipuk said that there are five strategies that the government will take. First, perform faster recovery and anticipatory efforts to build a better system. Second, proper economic recovery, with programs that can be executed quickly and accurately. Third, he continued, is to suppress the chain of breaking the Covid-19 virus. Fourth is the strengthening of labor-intensive programs to accommodate a large workforce. Fifth is the implementation of the concept of sharing the burden, sharing the pain between the government, banks, and business actors who are willing to bear the burden, work together to bear risks proportionally and carry out with prudence (Banyuwangi: 2021).
An interesting thing was conveyed by the regent in focusing on economic recovery due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Of course, we hope that the goal of economic recovery will run smoothly and the indicators will be achieved. However, this may become a very widespread matter if we analyze the needs, considering the first to fifth points can have many variants of achievement indicators (Subaharianto 2022). One of the interesting approaches that may sound millennial is emphasizing. This approach is one of the things that is often neglected to pay attention to even though it always decorates our virtual space.
Celebrities, or reliable advertisers always pay attention to this method, namely the method of taking pictures. A media person always chooses an attractive and relevant image, even setting a personal profile or company authority requires a selection that can attract attractiveness, which is often negligent in fact the emphasis method. Emphasis is the emphasis on the smallest area the reader can recognize. Emphasis means eliminating details that, although valuable information is important, will not be processed by the visual part of our brain. The emphasis is on the most unique parts that readers can remember at a glance (Doerflinger & Gollwitzer, 2020).
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In every form of communication there are some materials or ideas that need to be presented more than others. The main purpose in giving emphasis (emphasis) is to direct the viewer's gaze on something that is highlighted. Emphasis can be achieved for example changing the size, shape, rhythm and direction of the elements of a design work. In the creation of a design, all of the existing elements should not stand out, in the sense of being equally strong, so that it looks crowded and the information or what will be conveyed/communicated will be unclear. Emphasis is a communication strategy (Wang, Chen, Zhu, & Wang, 2020).
A doctor will display his doctorate on his social media, an activist as well. Any type of company must have an image that appears in the public space identical to the company's intent. If it is a car company, then he will make the design of the car image as attractive as possible. So that buyers intend and are interested in buying. This is a style of emphasis, putting pressure on the image so that its intent and purpose reach the viewer (Defazio, Franzoni, and Rossi-Lamastra 2021). So, we call emphasis, an understanding that is oriented towards refocusing on something that looks multi-interpretative. When we look at the five strategies of the Banyuwangi regent, of course, there are many interpretations that can be achieved. However, if we refer to emphasis, the five strategies are actually easy to read. In controlling the government, the first thing is usually people always reminisce about the campaign period. Because that's when a hope, renewal, and revolution emerged, of course, brought by the candidate pair. We return to the focus on economic recovery due to the COVID-19 pandemic initiated by Ipuk-Sugirah.
In the economic recovery section due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there are 7 points that are the targets of renewal. The problem that occurs in people's lives is that an increase in per capita income may not raise people's real living standards (Puspaningtyas 2021). If actually implemented, this has been included in the five strategies presented by the regent at the Musrembang on June 17, 2021. So, the working indicators to answer the five strategies are numerous and varied. So, the government needs emphasis in describing the five strategies. So that it is right on target, by classifying the priority scale and also considering various sectors that have multi-effects, which have an impact on all sectors that are similar in economic recovery.
Creating a multi-effect priority scale is an emphasis strategy. Give special emphasis to the object to be acted upon with a more precise target and sustainable impact, so that the achievement of performance indicators is easy to achieve. The five strategies above will be emphasized so that they are more effective and efficient.
II. Research Method
This writing method is descriptive. The descriptive method according to Sugiyono (2016) is a method that aims to describe or provide an overview of the object under study through data or samples that have been collected as they are without analyzing and making conclusions that apply to the public. In other words, analytical descriptive research takes problems or focuses on problems as they are when the research is carried out, the results of the research are then processed and analyzed to draw conclusions.
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III. Result and Discussion
3.1 Returning to the Village
The infrastructure development policy that prioritizes the village as passive patronage is a policy that is close to the welfare barn. Considering the potential of the village is the closest potential to ensure welfare, these glasses are certainly very difficult to find when the orientation of the leader is only limited to developmentalism but when the orientation of the leader is focused on the interests of the community, of course, the theory of social analysis needs to be developed. One of the social analyzes of society that is suitable for analyzing social development policies at this time is structural analysis, which is an analysis that examines the framework of a system in a certain moment of time.
understand changing situations in social and political communities. In the next phase this social analysis is used to design economic growth and the development of political communities as strategies for influencing policy. Therefore, social analysis becomes structurally functional which is dominated by practical thinking. In simple terms, social analysis is used to provide a complete picture of the social situation by exploring its historical and structural relationships. For example, social analysis to reveal the problems of poverty, unemployment, and hunger in people with low education (Parmitasari 2015).
I really appreciate the policies related to infrastructure that are realized for villages in 2020-2021. Of course, we see that all of this becomes commonplace when leaders regulate policy schemes to empower villages as the main development base, and it becomes something commonplace (Adji Harmadi 2020). However, there are urgent and effective things related to village development carried out by the Banyuwangi Regency government, which at that time were conveyed on Monday 11 September 2021. The Regent said Hopefully with better road access this can be an economic leverage so that it can improve welfare socio-economic community. If we see those words are the semiotic answers that are the key to social justice, why? the rational analogy is that the road is a supporting facility related to the distribution of commodities, if we learn from colonialism in the past, the colonial government to facilitate the absorption of capitalism, he built infrastructure to the grass root so that the absorption of exploitation of the potentials that were at the most difficult point could be maximized. This is clear for the mercantilism system of the economy.
Of course, the legacy of historical reflection does not have to be examined internally, but becomes an inspiration that can be taken advantage of. Banyuwangi Regent Ipuk Fiestiandani Taking the policy to be implemented in Tegaldlimo, he analyzed that this 13.9 kilometer road facility would later make it easier to get to Alas Purwo National Park and connect other villages. In the position of Alas Purwo it is an international tourist destination, of course there is also a beach that is no less beautiful than Plengkung beach, but the point is the core of the road construction, in order to be able to move other sectors of the economy, it is clear the hope is the distribution of agricultural products in Tegaldlimo, which will become a special food and horticulture commodity, he emphasized that gradually the government during 2020 to 2021 many infrastructure posts in the Banyuwangi APBD were diverted to deal with COVID-19 in accordance with the provisions of the central government, but in the future we must be able to make the best use of it. . We must control this potential wisely so that attention for village infrastructure development becomes the main segment.
The glasses I see are not that simple. We know that Alas Purwo is an area that is often visited by immigrants from outside, if we may say that multiculturalism is in practice in Alas Purwo. The Banyuwangi Regency Government and the Alas Purwo National Park
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Office are able to synergize in creating ecotourism policies that aim to increase tourist visits but still maintain conservation values (Yuanjaya 2021), on the other hand it is an area that is difficult for me to reach, everyone must know that this area is an area that is often visited by visitors from various regions. I see that the policy taken by the regent is a smart policy which certainly makes Banyuwangi visible to other regions. Especially the tourist destinations that are there.
I believe that the road repair policy is a very mature policy, so we should give this appreciation, so seeing Alas Purwo it's not just a question of agricultural distribution, not just a tourist destination, but furthermore, the Regent of Ipuk is actually thinking about the long-term socio-economic welfare of the community. We can imagine the next 10 years, in the next 20 years how luxurious Alas Purwo will be and become an easy access point for outside visitors, of course we can fully hope that the social welfare of the community will be fulfilled according to its promise.
3.2 Village Flower Naturalism
CoolNatural. Regent of Ngantor in the Village. Abbreviated as "Village Flower ''.
The working model of Regent Ipuk and Deputy Regent Sugirah deserves to be continued.
Continuously perfected. It fits the characteristics of Banyuwangi. It fits well with social heterogeneity and its problems. In other conditions, development policies bring the community to inclusion (involvement) in village development which leads to the fulfillment of community rights, community economy, community participation, and community empowerment (Gautama and Widiyahseno 2020).
This is certainly from my point of view. Who is in anthropology. Who likes to write from the field. Which is trying to capture the "details". Also, signs of other cultures. To reveal the meaning emic. I am a witness to Bunga Desa. During the fourth round, Wednesday, March 24, 2021. In Sarongan Village, Pesanggaran District. Villages whose areas are partly such as Rajegwesi Beach, Teluk Hijau and Sukamade Beach are under the auspices of Meru Betiri National Park. According to Google, Sarongan Village is 62.4 km from the Banyuwangi Regent's Office. It took about 2 hours by road. I was whispered by the Head of the Education Office. Although far from the city center, he said, the education awareness of Sarongan residents is high.
I am indeed captivated by Bunga Desa. Interested in using my academic tools. To read it. So, when I heard that it was going to be held in Sarongan, a suburb far from the Banyuwangi Regent's Office, I decided to attend the field. To be able to see, hear, feel firsthand the “details”. Also, signs of other cultures. Twisted on the Village Flower. I saw that Bunga Desa was relatively natural. Just the way you are. Not impressed. Not conjured for a moment just to please the regent. “Let the village speak as it is,” Ipuk probably said to his subordinates.
I saw Ipuk stepping lightly. Not awkward. Visited mothers and children at the Sarongan Village Assistant Health Center. Some want to check their health. There are also those who want to take milk. Ipuk's words slid crisply. Provoking conversation. Foster enthusiasm, optimism, and self-confidence. Even though he was sitting squat. In front of mothers who sit in chairs with their children on their laps. The regent's hand seemed to lightly caress the village children. A sign of strong empathy and sympathy. Ipuk's steps, her words, her caresses, of course, do not change social reality. No social reality changes suddenly. There is no bimsalabim like a magic show. Changes in social reality need public policies.
But, make no mistake. Leaders are also not just taking care of public policy. Leaders must pacify their people. Provide insight for the people. Leaders must eliminate what Bung
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Karno called "the fear of the future". Bung Karno said, fear of the future is a greater danger than the danger itself. Because it is fear that drives people to act stupidly. Act without thinking.
So, Ipuk's presence in the midst of her people, her words, and her caresses, which were natural, could surely kill that fear. Especially with the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Which paralyzes the joints of life. Also, darkening expectations. Especially for the lower classes. Fear is then replaced by desire. Strong from the heart. I agree with Bung Karno. He said, "If we have a strong desire from the heart, then the whole universe will work together to make it happen."
The naturalism of Bunga Desa is also seen in the place where brown sugar (sugar head) is made. Another point that Ipuk visited. The regent greeted and met the brown sugar makers. He also lightly headed for the brown sugar production kitchen. The place and the atmosphere is what it is. Typical traditional production. Which seems dirty and uncomfortable. Then, Ipuk chatted with the host. With great attention, he listened to the explanation of brown sugar production. Also deftly – initially a bit hesitant – his hands poured hot liquid brown sugar into the mold. He also tasted the legend (coconut sap, brown sugar ingredients).
When he poured liquid brown sugar, I think, he also saw the potential of Sarongan.
Maybe not just seeing. But, also think about its development. Sarongan's potential in brown sugar production is huge. Judging from the raw materials, coconut trees grow in Sarongan. However, the processing technology is still very traditional. It must be difficult to produce a standard product, both in quantity and quality. The problem is the market (price). So far, Sarongan's brown sugar is sold to collectors every two days. In addition to meeting the sugar needs of one of the national food companies, PT Indofood. I saw the challenge of the Regent of Ipuk. Is it true that the sweetness of Sarongan brown sugar also bears sweet fruit for the makers? The external impression that I see is that the life of the maker is still far from the sweet taste of sugar. At Sarongan Ipuk shopping for brown sugar. He was brought to the conclusion. But, I think, he didn't just bring his brown sugar to the conclusion. Ipuk must have also brought her challenges. Shopping for brown sugar, as well as shopping for challenges. It would be appropriate if Sarongan Ipuk also brought officials from the UMKM and bank offices. Moreover, he has the MSME Class Up program which hopes to be able to raise the general vision, namely, the role of MSMEs in saving the nation's economy cannot be doubted. From the 1997 crisis and also during the 2020 crisis as a result of the covid 19 pandemic. (Sitanggang 2020).
Bunga Desa turned out not only to move places of office. I saw a number of district government officials in Sarongan yesterday. The regent also invited BPN, banking, BUMD officials, and others. Ipuk said there were a number of things that were discussed with the officials in Sarongan. That's the essence of going to work. Whether in conclusion or in the village. However, Bunga Desa has a powerful dual dimension thanks to its naturalism.
Because of this naturalism, I saw that even BPD Sarongan people were able to submit their complaints to the regent in a relaxed manner. Ipuk also responded in a relaxed manner. In the village hall. I believe in naturalism. The essence of the office can be. Shopping can be the problem. And, this is no less important, insight for the people can be obtained. Leaders must also calm. (27 March 2021)
3.3 Ecofeminism for Pancer
If we look at the struggle of women in India, they call the Movement the Chipko Movement (Singh and Mishra 2019). movement which at that time argued that nature was an environment that contributed and a source of people's livelihoods. so that at that time
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Indian women carried out a tree-hugging movement, with the belief that the industry or company would not cut down, this struggle represented a meeting point for feminists, this time talking about the environment or ecology.
Ecofeminism was interpreted as a movement of women who care about the environment (Aiyadurai et al. 2022). This was conveyed by the girl arivia at a national seminar in the Jakarta women's journal. Of course it's interesting. When I studied women's movements related to ecology, I recently saw the struggle of a woman who fought for 150 hectares of land to be used as agricultural land and settlements. I think I can call the movement of the Banyuwangi regent an ecofeminist movement because this community struggle has been carried out for a long time but has not yet found an alternative solution.
This time the regent of Banyuwangi bravely conveyed to the media that he had sent a letter to the Governor asking for a recommendation which contained the struggle of the Pancer community who wanted to manage the land. I am interested in raising ecofeminism as an emblem for this Regent. Because even though we haven't gotten a meeting point or result. I think this struggle is a concern for the community based on the environment.
Not much different from the struggle of the Indian people at that time who fought to maintain the forest, They considered that the natural environment was a source of livelihood so that it must be respected and preserved (Thube 2022). They are far more familiar with the concept of Mother Earth than we are. If we look at Pancer, which is located in Pesanggaran District, there are 800 families who occupy the land which is close to the Red Island Beach tourist destination, which the government continues to innovate.
From an eco-feminist perspective, this policy is very effective in ensuring the welfare of the people of Pancer hamlet, considering that agriculture and settlements can be utilized.
The requested area is a forest area occupied by the community since 1965 and part of it is the relocation of victims of the 1994 tsunami disaster, besides that the Banyuwangi regent thanked the community for supporting the development of Red Island Beach tourism but on the other hand he saw that the area should be the main pioneer the barn of welfare that is agriculture must be fought for. Here I see an ecofeminist leader.
IV. Conclusion
The Covid-19 pandemic has proven not only to destroy the economy. But, also killing humans en masse. It's not just about killing large numbers of people. But, it also kills the hopes of many people. Society is overshadowed by anxiety, confusion, and helplessness. His life is threatened, his source of livelihood is also threatened. Not in a short time. In Indonesia since the beginning of 2020. No one can confirm the stopping point. All of this can lead to despair. The situation for Ipuk – Sugirah's departure was very different. Let's look at the initial energy. Ipuk – Sugirah started the government with a significantly lower APBD. The 2020 APBD is 3.3 trillion rupiah. Ipuk - Sugirah started her government with the 2021 APBD of 2.7 trillion. Down about 600 billion rupiah. Certainly not a small number for the size of the district. Meanwhile, Banyuwangi's driving force, inherited from the previous government, is of course not entirely suitable. The machine was powerful in the time of Anas. Before the Covid-19 pandemic storm. During the Ipuk era, which was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, these machines had to be modified creatively and innovatively. Gandrung Sewu which invites admiration in the Anas era has become a thing of the past. Need modification. The Banyuwangi Ethno Carnival (BEC) which Anas claims is unique because it is based on local culture, as well as the past. Need modification too. The International Tour de Banyuwangi Ijen (ITdBI) which has gone global is also a thing of the past. The driving machines need creative-innovative
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modifications. In order to become a machine to bounce back, jump back. In fact, not just a modification. Ipuk – Sugirah is challenged to find a new machine. So that the eagle can fly even higher. How difficult it is to meet the expectations of the public: fly higher and higher. Just being creative-innovative is not enough. You have to be patient too. Full of enthusiasm, tireless and giving up. This of course is not only required for the leader. But, also the bureaucratic apparatus and all its citizens.
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