Experimental Investigation of the Effect of an Electric Field on the Viscosity of Liquids

OF

LIQUIDS

by

Edward D. Alcock

of the for· tl:c of'

1935

l.

H~ 2.

H

?.

It 22.

'?A.

v·,,,, •

ts 59.

'.d.th

·31.

1t 65 ..

A new type viscosimeter is described which

enables the viscosity of any liquii to be mea~ured while it is in an electric field. The electric field was found to in- crease the viscosity of all liquids with dipole moments, while the liquids without moments in general showed no effect. It was found that the change in viscosity varies with the shearing stresses to which the liquid is subjected. A qua.li tati've theory is proposed which agrees very well with the results found ex- perimentally,.

- 1 -

nrrRO DUCTIOH

Tl:..e effect of a:n 1o;;lect1'ic field oa th cris.;:msi Of has been ^{:i i1-;.} very rece~nt years* After a

\ ,'! \

J v 1 on t11~~

·botl1 'the same autl101""s. The paper v;as a s nota 011 tb.a fi old~ 011 the of

In this method the el of tl:e due

to the field t t¹13 effect cm the liq_uid. Thay of the rnet11od which gave large

wm·thless (see Table I). A shed rec the sarce a:1thors

in the viscosity Their method ^vtas similar to ·one that I

1~t\_i c11

are

^ed. by s spacers a cl1annel.

Tho above J!E(per was ..,.1ery brief and gave a ^{fY'° ,,,~} their

v1i tb.out Ir.L tl1e ea:rl:Y'

the.t I used the gap bet~vean tJ1e

on.

The result I f<:Ju11d that the

turn.1:>d on. If the field wore left on ^fen: two o:: three hours the

- 2 -

effect inc

to b

sine it is

t11at sane

would

to the wall

mad.e to

o·~ .not t11e t

l)

2)

to one

c

~,l,l, ~·P

the fiel.d.

fOl" a

s.ted o:~ganic ;su"bstance and not a the observed

the

was on.

^{!Tl' •} .i.nls increaae in. t11n effeet v:1ith. ti1ne ar.1.d,

tu~l'ned. o-:f, it would ^t}lf!1

a) 110 lS

t!~io field the

c0usure the Viscosi

3

3) The 11 t

th.e "tri si

TABLE I

+:> ^.p

•rl

....

I . ~~

© s:.l ^{I ©}

t'l <I> Cll ^(!) N G)..Q~:;:l

OJ l:tO (!) rel i:.i Dl rd () ..,, s::I

{I} Q) orj ~ ^Cl) !1l

'°

_:;~~~~

::;$ r-l .-! ==-< re :=:$ r-l

r-1

!/

^{Cl) r-1 ID} _·~.gt;

1:J P:1 • oo~-d"'' Messfehler

Substanz

^N

S

^{,.q N I'll}

C> j:.j Cl} 0 0

s 2

^{~ ~}

i;

ⁱⁿ

,_, 0 <I> J::l=-i~ori

a ^>'Cl

A ^{p., <4 rrj}

Sec. % % %

1. Hexan 279,0 0,25 0,04 0,06

2. Undekan 811,4 0,14 0,01 0,02

3. Cyclohexan 562,4 0,12 0,07 0,01

4. Athylijodid 178,0 ^0,1'7 0,11 0,04

5. He:ptylbromid 609,0 0,18 0,07 0,02

6.

Me·thylencblor:id

159,9 0,18

o,oo

0,06

?. Methylenjodid 443,7 0,25 0,14 0,04

8.

Chloroform

216,4 - 0,60

o,oo

0,05

9.

Pentachlorgthan

721,3 - 0,40 0,12 0,04

10.

Tuluol

380,2 0,25 0,13 0,01

11.

o-Xylol

506,8 0,26 0,06 0,03

12 .. Chlorbenzol 377 ,O - 0,50 0,05 0,02

13. o-Chlortoluol 506,l - 1,11 0,09 0,05

14. m-Chlortoluol 408,3 0,49 0,12 0,07

15~ :p-Chlo1~toluol 43<a,4 - 0,98 0,11 0,04

16~ o-Dichlorben.zol 555,2 1,62 0,11 0,06

17e

m-Dichlorbenzol

439,2 - 0,84 0,09 0,06

From Electrostatic effect on viscosity of fluids.

Herzog, Kudar, Paersch

Naturv;issenschaften

Sept. 8, 1933 ppj 662 - 5 -

TABLE I!

mit 110

v.

ol:ma Spar.nung Spannung

l. Hex an 164,4 ⁽ O,l) 164,4 0,1)

<)

.:;. e Zyklohexan 40?,2 ( 0,3) 40'7,5 0,2)

3.

Tetrachlorkohlenstoff

204,0 ( 0,2) 204,0 ( 0,2) 4.

Chloroform

130,4 ⁽ 0,1} 136,6 ⁽ 0,2) 5. Pentachlorathan _{44?' 5} ⁽ O,l) 448,2 443,8 6., Tr imethylenchlo::r id 284,2 (

0,1)

290,2 290,8 ^{..q 0}

or-! (!)

r-1 .Li

7. Trir11ethylenbrom:i.d 335,2 ( 0,3) 336,7 338,2 ^{+> .µ ;;; I:)}

•rl ill i:l H

It It

( ^{rc:1 (!)}

8. Diathylather 115,8

O,l}

138,5 134,5 ^o~ 11}

,.q IO

tt ( ⁽⁾

9. Dibutylather 304,5 O,l) 306,1 305,3

,§

^{I'-! •r") (!)} 10. OrthodicrJ.orbenzol 345,6 0,2) 34'7,l 348,9 ll. Athyljodid ^ti 106,l ⁽ O,l) 124,2 ( 0,3)

12. Butyljodj.d 183,9 ⁽ 0,1) 183,6 { 0,2}

13. Decyljodid. 4 ( 1,7) 844,5 ⁽ 1,6)

Electrostatic effect on viscosity of fluids Herzog, Kudar~ Paersch

P.

z.

35 June 1, 1934 p. 446

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