FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS SPEAKING PERFORMANCE AT GRADE VIII OF SMP N 5 GUNUNG TALANG SOLOK
Ferli Anggara Pratama, M. Khairi Ikhsan, Rika Afriyanti.
Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah karena banyaknya murid yang mempunyai masalah dengan penampilan berbicara mereka saat tampil di depan kelas. Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penampilan berbicara murid di SMP N 5 Gunung Talang, Solok. Partisipan dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 108 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive Sampling yang hanya memilih siswa yang aktif dari masing-masing kelas dan mendapatkan 22 siswa yang di gunakan sebagai sample. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan angket sebagai instrumen yang terdiri dari 21 pertanyaan yang telah di validasi sesuai dengan indicator tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penampilan berbicara siswa yang telah di jelaskan oleh beberapa para ahli. Berdasarkan dari analisa data yang di dapatkan menunjukkan bahwa penelitian ini menemukan ke 5 faktor dengan jumlah yang persentase yang berbeda yaitu performance condition 51% , affective factors 42%, listening ability 59%, topical knowledge 52% dan feedback during speaking ability 32%.
Oleh karena itu, dari factor-faktor yang di temukan. Bahwa semua faktor tersebut mempengaruhi penampilan berbicara siswa.
Kata Kunci: Penampilan Berbicara, Pengaruh Berbicara
INTRODUCTION
Speaking is a tool to express mind, idea, feeling to other people orally. Speaking is one of the most difficult aspects for students to master. In speaking, students should master the elements of speaking, such as vocabularies, pronunciation, grammar, and fluency.However, to be able to speak correctly, the
students must have more practice with other people.
speaking is very important because without speaking students can not communicate with other people. There are some ways that the students can use in speaking skill, such as: interaction or dialogue with other people, asking and giving information, express their idea or
mind orally to other people. It is fact how important speaking skill.
Furthemore to make students are able to speak in the class, the teacher must know the factors affecting of speaking performance in the class. There are some factors affecting students speaking performance for example the students must have a planning to perform their speaking, the students must understand topical information, the students must have feedback from other students, and the students must have motivation to performan their speaking.
speaking performance is the way or action to express their idea and opinion to the other people can understand by the speaker said with
their performance in
speaking.According to Brown (2000:3) performance is the overtly observable and concrete manifastation or realization of comnpetence. performance is actual doing of something for example speaking,dancing, action.Sheirer (2002:35) explains that performance skills involve peresenting yourself to an audience in an agreeable way.He
adds that performance is demonstrated as you deliver to speech. This theory explain that performance is how the speakers show their ability by oral production to the audiens in real situation. In the other hand Ellis (2003:13) stated that performance consist of the use of this grammar in comprehension and production of the language . it means that performance is the way to the speaker show their competence and speaking knowledge like grammar, pronounciation, fluency accuracy.
Students speaking
performance can be affected by the factors that come from performance conditions(time pressure, planning, standard of performance and amount of support), affective factors (such as motivation,confidence and anxiety), listening ability and feedback during speaking activities. The first is performance conditions, According toNation & Newton (2009) performance conditions can affect speaking performance. They are also suggest four type of performance condition include the time pressure,planning, standard of performance and the last is amount
of support. The second is affective factors Krashen (1982) adds that the effective domain is difficult to describe scientifically.A large number of variables are implied in considering the emotional side of human behavior in the second language learning and examined the three categorize: motivation, Self Confidence, and anxiety.The third is listening ability,Listening is the natural precursor to speaking in addition Suhiman (1997) shares the ideas of doff (1998) by stating that when one person speaks, the other responds through attending by means of the listening process. Every speaker plays the role of both a listener and a speaker.The fourth is topical knowledge, Bachman &
Palmer (1996) believe that topical knowledge has effect on speaking performance. In other words, topic knowledge is the speakers knowledge of relevant topical information. if a speakers want to performance their speaking performance they must have good topical knowledge and understand about what the topic that they show in front of the audience beside it the
speaker easly present their topic to audience.The last factors is feedback during activities Most of the students want and expect their teachers to give them feedback on their performance.Harmer (1991) asserts that the decisions that the teachers make about how to react to students performance will depend upon the stages of the lesson, the activities, the types of mistake made and the particular student who is making mistake.If the teacher correct whenever there is a problem, the converstional flow as well as the purpose of the speaking activity will be destroyed. It means that the the teacher must give compline or feedbeck to the students after they perform in the front of the class.
RESEARCH METHOD
The research design was descriptive qualitative research.
According Gay and Airasian (2000:275), deskriptive research used to investigated the variety of educational problem an issues. the aim of this research was to find out what the factors affecting students speaking performance at Grade VIII
of SMPN 5 Gunung Talang Solok.
Participant of the research was the students at Grade VIII of SMP N 5 Gunung Talang Solok. Academic year 2017/2018.with total 108 students.the researcher used purposive sampling in collect the participants. According to Gay and Airisian (2000:138), purposive sampling also refers to as judgement sampling which means the researcher select a sample base on his or her experience or knowledge of the group to be sample. In this research the researcher use questionnaire as the instrument to collect the data.
According to Gay and Airasian (2000:134) qualitative research common use sample 10% - 20%
from the participant. Thus, the sample take 20% from 108 students.
So, the total of participants in this research was 22 students.In this research the researcher use questionnaire as the instrument to collect the data. According toCresswell (2012:382) state that questionnaire is the form uses in a survey design that participant in the study to completed and to return of the research. This questionnaire used
closed - ended question and has 21 questions based on indicator.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION In the result of this research, the research found all of factors affect the students speaking performance who has explained by some expert with the different total percentage. The first was the total percentage of performance condition about 51%. The second was affective factors with the total 42%. The third was listening ability 59%. The fourth result was 52% of topic knowledge And the last result was 32% of the feedback during spiking ability. In this research, the research made five factor that could be affected the students in speaking performance but listening ability more affected them in their speaking performance betwen other factors.
The significant of this research wanted to give contribution for the students and teacher, reader and the researcher. The first, for the students, it suggested after they know about what the factors affected them in speaking performance, they could be solve that factorby some ways,
like often to do practice and practice before they get performance actually.The second is for the teacher, The teacher have to know what the students problem in their speaking and found the ways to solve it based on the analysis. The third for the reader through this study the reader could know about factors affecting students speaking performance in teaching spiking skill. Last for the researcher, it would help him to know about factor affecting students speaking performance. And through this study, the researcher can deep his knowledge in teaching speaking skil.Last for the researcher, it would help him to know about factor affecting students speaking performance. And through this study, the researcher can deep his knowledge in teaching speaking skil.
CONCLUSION
In the result of this research, the research found all of factors affect the students speaking performance who has explained by some expert with the different total percentage. The first was the total
percentage of performance condition about 51%. The second was affective factors with the total 42%. The third was listening ability 59%. The fourth result was 52% of topic knowledge And the last result was32% of the feedback during spiking ability. In this research, the research made five factor that could be affected the students in speaking performance but listening ability more affected them in their speaking performance betwen other factors.
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