View of FEMALE MASCULINITY IN THE NOVEL "WANASITU ANNI IMRA'AH" BY IHSAN ABDUL QUDDUS BASED ON JOHN BEYNON'S PERSPECTIVE

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FEMALE MASCULINITY IN THE NOVEL

"WANASITU ANNI IMRA'AH" BY IHSAN ABDUL QUDDUS BASED ON JOHN BEYNON'S

PERSPECTIVE

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

–ƒ–‡•Žƒ‹…‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆƒ—ŽƒƒƒŽ‹„”ƒŠ‹ƒŽƒ‰

ƒ‹Žǣͳͻ͵ͳͲͲͷͶ̷•–—†‡–Ǥ—‹ǦƒŽƒ‰Ǥƒ…Ǥ‹†

Abstract: Ž‹‡ ‘–Š‡” ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› •–—†‹‡• ‘ ƒ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ –Š‹• •–—†›

•–—†‹‡• ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ‘˜‡Ž Wanasitu Anni Imra'ah „›

Š•ƒ „†—Ž —††—•Ǥ Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†› ƒ”‡ –‘ †‡•…”‹„‡ –Š‡ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”• ƒ† ‡š’Žƒ‹ –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ „ƒ…‰”‘—† ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”• —•‹‰ ‘Š ‡›‘̵• ‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡Ǥ Š‹• ‹•

“—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡”‡•‡ƒ”…ŠǤƒ–ƒ…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘–‡…Š‹“—‡•—•‡†ƒ”‡”‡ƒ†‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡ƒ†

‘–‡Ǧ–ƒ‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡Ǥ‘ƒƒŽ›œ‡–Š‡†ƒ–ƒǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”—•‡†–Š‡‹Ž‡•ƒ†

—„‡”ƒ –‡…Š‹“—‡ ™Š‹…Š …‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡ •–‡’•Ǣ †ƒ–ƒ ”‡†—…–‹‘ǡ †ƒ–ƒ

‡š’‘•—”‡ǡ ƒ† ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†› ƒ”‡ǣ ͳȌ –Š‡ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ †‡•‹”‡ ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ –Š‡ …Šƒ‹”ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘‹––‡‡ǡ –Š‡

Ž‡ƒ†‡”‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ‹…‘ƒ†‘ˆŠ‡”…Š‹Ž†ǡ”‹•‹‰ˆ”‘ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ǡ‡˜‡”ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰

™‡ƒǡ™‹•Š‹‰–‘„‡ƒƒǡ”‡Œ‡…–‹‰–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆƒ™‹ˆ‡ǡ‰‘‘†ƒ–’Žƒ›‹‰•‘……‡”ǡ

‰‘‘† ƒ– „‘š‹‰ǡ ’”‘ˆ‹…‹‡– ‹ •™‘”†’Žƒ›Ǣ ʹȌ –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ „ƒ…‰”‘—† ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ –Š‡ —ƒ† …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ •—…Š ƒ•ǣ „‡‹‰ ƒ…–‹˜‡ ‹ •…Š‘‘Ž ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡ

ˆƒ‹Ž› †‡˜‘–‹‘ǡ †‹˜‘”…‡ǡ ‡•…ƒ’‡ ˆ”‘ †‡•–”—…–‹‘ǡ Š‹‰Š ‘’‹‹‘ƒ–‡† ƒ†

ƒ„‹–‹‘ǡ •–”‘‰ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡ǡ ˆƒ–Š‡”̵• Š‘’‡ ‘ˆ Šƒ˜‹‰ ƒ •‘ǡ †‘̵– ™ƒ– –‘ „‡ ƒ

Š‡Ž’‡”ˆ‘”Š‡”Š—•„ƒ†ǡƒ†—ƒ„Ž‡–‘”‡ˆ”ƒ‹Š‡”•‡ŽˆǡŠ‡”„‘š‡”…‘—•‹Ǥ Keywords: masculinity, female, novel.

INTRODUCTION

Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ƒ†ˆ‡‹‹‹–›…ƒ‘–„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†ˆ”‘

–Š‡†‹•…—••‹‘ƒ„‘—–‰‡†‡”Ǥ‡†‡”‹•–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡‹ƒ––‹–—†‡•„‡–™‡‡‡

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

ƒ†™‘‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡…‘•–”—…–‡†•‘…‹ƒŽŽ›ȋ”ƒǡƒŠ›—‹ǡƬ”‹ˆ‹ǡʹͲʹͳȌǢ–Šƒ–

‹•ǡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‹• ‘– ƒ–—”ƒŽǡ ‘” ‘†̵• †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ „—– ‹• •Šƒ’‡† „› –Š‡

’‡‘’Ž‡ ȋ‡ ƒ† ™‘‡Ȍ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ ‡š–‡†‡† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘” …—Ž–—”ƒŽ

™ƒ›ȋ†ƒ•‘”‘ǡʹͲͳ͹ȌǤ‘…‹‡–›̵•˜‹‡™‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘ˆ–‡”‡ˆ‡”•–‘Š‘™ƒƒ

„‡…‘‡• ƒ ƒ ™Š‘ ‹• —•—ƒŽŽ› †‡•…”‹„‡† ƒ• ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ ‘” ƒŽ›Ǥ Š‹Ž‡ǡ

ˆ‡‹‹‹–› ‘ˆ–‡ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ Š‘™ ƒ ™‘ƒ ‹• †‡•…”‹„‡† ƒ• ƒ ™‘ƒ ™Š‘ ‹•

ˆ‡‹‹‡‘”Šƒ•–‡†‡”‡••ȋƒ•—–‹‘ǡʹͲͳ͹Ǣ—Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡʹͲͳͻȌǤƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•

‘ˆ–‡ •‡‡ ƒ• ƒ ƒ…– •–‡”‡‘–›’‹…ƒŽŽ› ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ‡ ‘” „‘›•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ ‹• ‘– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‹†‡–‹…ƒŽ –‘ ‡ ȋƒ”–ƒ–‹ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌ ƒ† ˆ‡‹‹‡ ‹• ‘–

ƒŽ™ƒ›• •›‘›‘—• ™‹–Š ™‘‡Ǥ  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ ƒ ™‘ƒ …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ ’‘••‡••

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ȋƒ”–ƒ–‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǤ–Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†ǡƒŽ„‡”•–ƒȋͳͻͻͺȌ•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› †‘‡• ‘– „‡Ž‘‰ ‘Ž› –‘ ‡ ƒ† ‹• ‘– ‘Ž› ’”‘†—…‡† „› ‡

̶™Šƒ– ™‡ …ƒŽŽ ̵ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›̵ Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ „‡‡ ’”‘†—…‡† „› ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ ™‘‡ǡ

‰‡†‡” †‡˜‹ƒ–•ǡ ƒ† Ž‡•„‹ƒ• Ǥ̶Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› „”‹‰• ƒ ‡™

’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡–Šƒ–…ƒ…ƒ””›‘—–ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘—–•‹†‡–Š‡ƒŽ‡„‘†›„—––Š‡ˆ‡ƒŽ‡

„‘†›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•…ƒŽŽ‡†ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ™‘‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ˆ”‘ ‰‡†‡” ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‹–› ȋ—Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǢ –Š‹• –”ƒ‹– ‹• ‘– „‘” ƒ–—”ƒŽŽ› ƒ† †‘‡• ‘– •—††‡Ž› …”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ†

†‡˜‡Ž‘’Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‹•–”ƒ‹–…ƒ”‡–—”†—‡–‘„‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•

ƒ† ‘–Š‡”•Ǥ ˜‡ –Š‡ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› ƒ––‡”•

”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ ’ƒ––‡”• ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ Ž‹ˆ‡ ƒ† …ƒ‘– „‡ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ†

–”ƒ†‹–‹‘• –Šƒ– ”— ˆ”‘ –‹‡ –‘ –‹‡ ȋ ƒ–‹ƒŠ Ƭ ”ƒ–ƒƒǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ ‹ˆˆ‡”‡–

•‘…‹ƒŽ …‘†‹–‹‘• …ƒ „—‹Ž† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –›’‡• ‘ˆ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ •—…Š ƒ•

ƒ‰‰”‡••‹˜‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› …‘‘Ž› •‡‡ ‹ ‹Ž‹–ƒ”› ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ǡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹

•’‘”–•ǡ ‡…‘‘›Ǧ„ƒ•‡† ‘” ™‘”‹‰Ǧ…Žƒ•• ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ ”ƒ…‹ƒŽ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ ƒ†

Š‘‘•‡š—ƒŽƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǤŠ‹Ž‡ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‡ƒ

–Šƒ– ™‘‡ ƒ”‡ ™‡ƒ …”‡ƒ–—”‡•Ǥ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹• •›‘›‘—• ™‹–Š ’Š›•‹…ƒŽ

•–”‡‰–Š ƒ† ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡Ǥ Š—•ǡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› „‡…‘‡• –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‘ˆ ƒ •‘ˆ–

ˆ‹‰—”‡ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›’”‘–‡•–•ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡‹†‡ƒ–Šƒ–™‘‡ƒ”‡

™‡ƒ…”‡ƒ–—”‡•ȋƒŠŽ‡˜‹ǡʹͲͳʹȌǤ

ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘‡ ‘˜‡Ž –Šƒ– ”ƒ‹•‡• ƒ„‘—–

™‘‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ –”ƒ‹–•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› –Š‡ ‘˜‡ŽWanaitu Anni Imra'ahǤ

Š‹• ‘˜‡Ž ‹• „› Š•ƒ „†—Ž —††—• ƒ† –‡ŽŽ• –Š‡ •–‘”› ‘ˆ ƒ ™‘ƒ ƒ‡†

—ƒ†Ǥ ™‘ƒ ™Š‘ •–”—‰‰Ž‡• ™‹–Š …ƒ”‡‡”ǡ ƒ„‹–‹‘ǡ ƒ† Ž‘˜‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡

†‡ƒ†•‘ˆ‰‡†‡”‡“—ƒŽ‹–›Ǥ•ƒ•—……‡••ˆ—Ž’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒǡŠ‡”™‘”‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†‘ˆ

’ƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡–ƒ†˜ƒ”‹‘—•™‘‡̵•‘˜‡‡–‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•’—–•Š‡”‹ƒ‡Ž‹–‡

…‹”…Ž‡‘ˆƒ—–Š‘”‹–›ǤŠ‡…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”ƒ––Š‡–‹‡ƒ†‡‹––Š‡

Žƒ–‡•– ‘……—””‡…‡ ‹ ‰‡†‡” ‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ”—‘”•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ †‹•ƒ’’‘‹–‡–

ƒ†™‘‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡…‘•–”—…–‡†•‘…‹ƒŽŽ›ȋ”ƒǡƒŠ›—‹ǡƬ”‹ˆ‹ǡʹͲʹͳȌǢ–Šƒ–

‹•ǡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‹• ‘– ƒ–—”ƒŽǡ ‘” ‘†̵• †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ „—– ‹• •Šƒ’‡† „› –Š‡

’‡‘’Ž‡ ȋ‡ ƒ† ™‘‡Ȍ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ ‡š–‡†‡† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘” …—Ž–—”ƒŽ

™ƒ›ȋ†ƒ•‘”‘ǡʹͲͳ͹ȌǤ‘…‹‡–›̵•˜‹‡™‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘ˆ–‡”‡ˆ‡”•–‘Š‘™ƒƒ

„‡…‘‡• ƒ ƒ ™Š‘ ‹• —•—ƒŽŽ› †‡•…”‹„‡† ƒ• ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ ‘” ƒŽ›Ǥ Š‹Ž‡ǡ

ˆ‡‹‹‹–› ‘ˆ–‡ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ Š‘™ ƒ ™‘ƒ ‹• †‡•…”‹„‡† ƒ• ƒ ™‘ƒ ™Š‘ ‹•

ˆ‡‹‹‡‘”Šƒ•–‡†‡”‡••ȋƒ•—–‹‘ǡʹͲͳ͹Ǣ—Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡʹͲͳͻȌǤƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•

‘ˆ–‡ •‡‡ ƒ• ƒ ƒ…– •–‡”‡‘–›’‹…ƒŽŽ› ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ‡ ‘” „‘›•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ ‹• ‘– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‹†‡–‹…ƒŽ –‘ ‡ ȋƒ”–ƒ–‹ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌ ƒ† ˆ‡‹‹‡ ‹• ‘–

ƒŽ™ƒ›• •›‘›‘—• ™‹–Š ™‘‡Ǥ  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ ƒ ™‘ƒ…ƒ ƒŽ•‘ ’‘••‡••

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ȋƒ”–ƒ–‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǤ–Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†ǡƒŽ„‡”•–ƒȋͳͻͻͺȌ•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› †‘‡• ‘– „‡Ž‘‰ ‘Ž› –‘ ‡ ƒ† ‹• ‘– ‘Ž› ’”‘†—…‡† „› ‡

̶™Šƒ– ™‡ …ƒŽŽ ̵ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›̵ Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ „‡‡ ’”‘†—…‡† „› ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ ™‘‡ǡ

‰‡†‡” †‡˜‹ƒ–•ǡ ƒ† Ž‡•„‹ƒ• Ǥ̶Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› „”‹‰• ƒ ‡™

’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡–Šƒ–…ƒ…ƒ””›‘—–ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘—–•‹†‡–Š‡ƒŽ‡„‘†›„—––Š‡ˆ‡ƒŽ‡

„‘†›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•…ƒŽŽ‡†ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ™‘‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ˆ”‘ ‰‡†‡” ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‹–› ȋ—Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǢ –Š‹• –”ƒ‹– ‹• ‘– „‘” ƒ–—”ƒŽŽ› ƒ† †‘‡• ‘– •—††‡Ž› …”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ†

†‡˜‡Ž‘’Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‹•–”ƒ‹–…ƒ”‡–—”†—‡–‘„‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•

ƒ† ‘–Š‡”•Ǥ ˜‡ –Š‡ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› ƒ––‡”•

”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ ’ƒ––‡”• ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ Ž‹ˆ‡ ƒ† …ƒ‘– „‡ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ†

–”ƒ†‹–‹‘• –Šƒ– ”— ˆ”‘ –‹‡ –‘ –‹‡ ȋ ƒ–‹ƒŠ Ƭ ”ƒ–ƒƒǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ ‹ˆˆ‡”‡–

•‘…‹ƒŽ …‘†‹–‹‘• …ƒ „—‹Ž† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –›’‡• ‘ˆ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ •—…Š ƒ•

ƒ‰‰”‡••‹˜‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› …‘‘Ž› •‡‡ ‹ ‹Ž‹–ƒ”› ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ǡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹

•’‘”–•ǡ ‡…‘‘›Ǧ„ƒ•‡† ‘” ™‘”‹‰Ǧ…Žƒ•• ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ ”ƒ…‹ƒŽ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ ƒ†

Š‘‘•‡š—ƒŽƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǤŠ‹Ž‡ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‡ƒ

–Šƒ– ™‘‡ ƒ”‡ ™‡ƒ …”‡ƒ–—”‡•Ǥ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹• •›‘›‘—• ™‹–Š ’Š›•‹…ƒŽ

•–”‡‰–Š ƒ† ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡Ǥ Š—•ǡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› „‡…‘‡• –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‘ˆ ƒ •‘ˆ–

ˆ‹‰—”‡ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›’”‘–‡•–•ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡‹†‡ƒ–Šƒ–™‘‡ƒ”‡

™‡ƒ…”‡ƒ–—”‡•ȋƒŠŽ‡˜‹ǡʹͲͳʹȌǤ

ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘‡ ‘˜‡Ž –Šƒ– ”ƒ‹•‡• ƒ„‘—–

™‘‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ –”ƒ‹–•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› –Š‡ ‘˜‡ŽWanaitu Anni Imra'ahǤ

Š‹• ‘˜‡Ž ‹• „› Š•ƒ „†—Ž —††—• ƒ† –‡ŽŽ• –Š‡ •–‘”› ‘ˆ ƒ ™‘ƒ ƒ‡†

—ƒ†Ǥ ™‘ƒ ™Š‘ •–”—‰‰Ž‡• ™‹–Š …ƒ”‡‡”ǡ ƒ„‹–‹‘ǡ ƒ† Ž‘˜‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡

†‡ƒ†•‘ˆ‰‡†‡”‡“—ƒŽ‹–›Ǥ•ƒ•—……‡••ˆ—Ž’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒǡŠ‡”™‘”‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†‘ˆ

’ƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡–ƒ†˜ƒ”‹‘—•™‘‡̵•‘˜‡‡–‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•’—–•Š‡”‹ƒ‡Ž‹–‡

…‹”…Ž‡‘ˆƒ—–Š‘”‹–›ǤŠ‡…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”ƒ––Š‡–‹‡ƒ†‡‹––Š‡

Žƒ–‡•– ‘……—””‡…‡ ‹ ‰‡†‡” ‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ”—‘”•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ †‹•ƒ’’‘‹–‡–

•Š”‘—†‡†Š‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽŽ‹ˆ‡ǤŠ‡™‘”•ƒ†’—–•–‘‘—…Š’”‹‘”‹–›‘Š‡”…ƒ”‡‡”

ƒ†‘„•‡••‡•‘˜‡”Š‡”’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ…ƒ”‡‡”Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ„‡Š‹†Š‡”„”‹ŽŽ‹ƒ–…ƒ”‡‡”ǡ‹–

–—”• ‘—– –Šƒ– Š‡” ’‡”•‘ƒŽ Ž‹ˆ‡ ‹• •Š”‘—†‡† ‹ ‡’–‹‡••Ǥ Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‹‡”

…‘ˆŽ‹…– ‘ˆ ƒ ™‘ƒǡ –Š—• ƒ‹‰ –Š‹• •–‘”› ‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ˆ‘”

™‘‡ –‘ •–”—‰‰Ž‡Ǥ Š‡ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡‡– ‘ˆ ƒ„‹–‹‘ǡ †‡•‹”‡ǡ ‘” ™Šƒ–‡˜‡” ‹– ‹•

…ƒŽŽ‡†ǡ†‘‡•‘–‡…‡••ƒ”‹Ž›ƒ‡Š‡”Šƒ’’›ȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻȌǤŠ‹••–—†›ˆ‘…—•‡•

‘ –Š‡‡Ž‡‡– ‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ’‘”–”ƒ›‡† „› ƒ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ —ƒ†ǡ ˜‹‡™‡†

ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›–Š‡‘”›’”‘’‘•‡†„›‘Š‡›‘̵•’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡Ǥ Masculinity From John Beynon's Perspective

‡›‘ȋʹͲͲʹȌ†‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ƒ•ƒ†›ƒ‹…‡š’‡”‹‡…‡•Šƒ’‡†„›

˜ƒ”‹‘—• ‡Ž‡‡–•ǡ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ‡–Š‹…‹–›ǡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ Ž‡˜‡Žǡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •–ƒ–—•ǡ

‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…ƒŽ …‘†‹–‹‘•ǡ ƒ† •‘ ‘Ǥ ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‡›‘ ȋʹͲͲʹȌ –Šƒ–

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› …‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ ƒ› ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–‹‡•Ǥ  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹• ƒ …‘’Ž‡š’ƒ”–ƒ†…ƒ‘–„‡”‡†—…‡†–‘ƒ•‹‰Ž‡ˆ‘”ǤŠ‡‡›ˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ–•Šƒ’‡

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ƒ”‡Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽŽ‘…ƒ–‹‘ǡ’Š›•‹…ƒŽǡƒ†ƒ‰‡ǡŽ‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡ƒ†•–ƒ–—•ǡ•‡š—ƒŽ

‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‡–Š‹…‹–›ǡ „‡Ž‹‡ˆ ƒ† ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘ǡ …Žƒ•• ƒ† …—Ž–—”‡ǡ •—„Ǧ …—Ž–—”‡ǡ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ† ‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š› ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •–‹ŽŽ ˜ƒ”‹‘—•

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–‹‡•ƒ‘‰‡ǡ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡›ƒŽŽŠƒ˜‡‘‡–Š‹‰‹…‘‘ǣ–Š‡ƒŽ‡

„‘†›ǡƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–ƒŽ•‘˜ƒ”‹‡•‹•Šƒ’‡ǡ•‹œ‡ǡƒ†ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡Ǥ

‡›‘ȋʹͲͲʹȌƒ††‡†–Šƒ–ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•‘–’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‰‡‡–‹…•‘ˆ‡

™Š‘ ƒ”‡ …ƒ””‹‡† ™Š‡ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ „‘”ǡ „—– •‘‡–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– ‹• …”‡ƒ–‡† ƒ†

ƒ……—Ž–—”ƒ–‡†„›•‘…‹ƒŽƒ––‹–—†‡•Ǣ–Š‡›’”ƒ…–‹…‡ƒ†‹‹–ƒ–‡‹–ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡Ž›Ǥ‡

ƒŽ•‘ …‘–”ƒ†‹…–• –Š‡ ™‹†‡Ž› Š‡Ž† „‡Ž‹‡ˆ –Šƒ– ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹• •–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†

ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ „‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ‹–• ‹ ™Š‹…Š ƒŽŽ ‡ ƒ”‡ ’Žƒ…‡†ǡ ‰‹˜‹‰ –Š‡

•’‡…‹ˆ‹…’•›…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†’Š›•‹…ƒŽƒ––”‹„—–‡•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ‡›‘ȋʹͲͲʹȌ

‡–‹‘‡† –Šƒ– •‘‡‘‡ ƒ• ̵ƒ•…—Ž‹‡̵ …ƒ „‡ ˆ‘—† ‹ ƒ ƒ ‘” ƒ ™‘ƒǤ

‘™‡˜‡”ǡ Ž‹––Ž‡ ‘”‡ –Šƒ ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡• –Šƒ– ‡ ƒ”‡ ̵ƒ–—”ƒŽŽ›̵

•–”‘‰‡”ǡ…‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡ǡ•—……‡••ˆ—Žǡ•‘Ž‹†ǡƒ†•—……‡••ˆ—Ž‹•’‘”–•ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•‹

„—•‹‡••ǡ —…Š ‘”‡ ’”‡’ƒ”‡† –‘ ‘’‡”ƒ–‡ ‹ –Š‡ ̵”‡ƒŽ ™‘”Ž†̵ ‘” ‘—–•‹†‡ –Š‡

Š‘‡ –Šƒ ™‘‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‹– ‹• —†‡‹ƒ„Ž‡ –Šƒ– •‘‡ ™‘‡ ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ˜‡ ‹–Ǥ

†Š‡ƒŽ•‘–‡ŽŽ•—•–‘Ž‘‘ƒ––Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡…—Ž–—”‡ƒ†ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ

Š‡™‡†‘ǡ™‡”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡–Šƒ–ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•‘–ƒˆ‹š‡†•‡–‘ˆ“—ƒŽ‹–‹‡•„—–‹•ƒ•

†‹˜‡”•‡ǡ‘„‹Ž‡ǡƒ†—•–ƒ„Ž‡ƒ•Ž‹ˆ‡‹–•‡Žˆȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ

‡›‘†‹˜‹†‡•ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›„›‹–•†‡•…”‹’–‹‘‹‡ƒ…Š†‡…ƒ†‡ǡƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•

ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒƬ‹‰•‹ŠǡʹͲʹͳǢ‘ˆ”‹ƒ‹Ƭƒ•‹”ƒǡʹͲʹͳȌǣ Masculine before the 1980s

Š‡†‘‹ƒ–ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ˆ‹‰—”‡•ƒ”‡™‘”‹‰Ǧ…Žƒ••ƒŽ‡ˆ‹‰—”‡•™Š‘—•‡

–Š‡‹”„‘†›•Šƒ’‡Ƭ„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ƒ•†‘‹ƒ–‘”•ǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›‘˜‡”™‘‡ȋ‘ˆ”‹ƒ‹Ƭ

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

ƒ•‹”ƒǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ‡•‡‡˜‡”›—…ŠŽ‹‡ˆƒ–Š‡”•ǡƒ•”—Ž‡”•‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ƒ†

ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ Ž‡ƒ† ™‘‡ ƒ† …”‡ƒ–‘”• ‘ˆ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘•Ǥ Š‹• ƒ•…—Ž‹‡

†‡•‹‰‹•‘™ƒ•–Š‡…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽƒ•…—Ž‹‡•…Š‡‡‹™‡•–‡”–Š‘—‰Š–Ǥ†

”ƒ–ƒƒ Ƭ ‹‰•‹Š ȋʹͲʹͳȌ …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡• ƒŽ‡ ˆ‹‰—”‡• ™Š‘ ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† „‡ˆ‘”‡ –Š‡

ͳͻͺͲ•™‹–Š–Š‡‘’‹‹‘‡š’”‡••‡†„›ƒ˜‹†ƒ†”ƒ‘ǡ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡

ˆ‘—”ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•ǡƒ‡Ž›ǣ

• No Sissy Stuff ǣ ȋƒ’’‡ƒ”• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ”‘ ™‘‡Ȍ ƒ ”‡ƒŽ ƒ •Š‘—Ž† ƒ˜‘‹†

„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”• ‘” …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ™‘‡ ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒ Ƭ ‹‰•‹Šǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ ‡ …ƒ‘– …‘’‡–‡ ™‹–Š ˆ‡‹‹‡ …‘†‹–‹‘•

—•—ƒŽŽ›–”‹‡†„›™‘‡ȋŽƒ•›ƒŠǡ†Œ‹ǡƬ‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ

• Be a Big Wheel ǣ ȋ„‡…‘‹‰ •‘‡‘‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡–‹ƒŽȀ•—’‡”‹‘” –‘ ‘–Š‡”•Ȍ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› …ƒ „‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡† „› •—……‡••ǡ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›ǡ ƒ† ƒ†‹”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡

—•–Šƒ˜‡™‡ƒŽ–Šƒ†ˆƒ‡Ǥ

• Be a Sturdy Oak ǣ ȋ•‘‡‘‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ• ’‘™‡”Ȍǣ ‡ ‡‡† –Š‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ‘ˆ

‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ǡ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ƒ† ‡‡”‰›Ǥ ƒ —•– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ƒ…– …ƒŽ ‹

˜ƒ”‹‘—••‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ǡ‘–•Š‘™ƒ‰‡”ǡƒ†‘–’”‘˜‡Š‹•™‡ƒ‡••Ǥ

• Give them Hellǣȋ•Š‘™‹‰…‘—”ƒ‰‡Ȍ‡—•–Šƒ˜‡ƒƒ—”ƒ‘ˆ„”ƒ˜‡”›ƒ†

ƒ‰‰”‡••‹‘ ƒ† „‡ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ –ƒ‡ ”‹•• ‡˜‡ –Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ …ƒ—•‡ ƒ† ™‘””›

”‡“—‹”‡–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡Ǥ Masculine in the 1980s

Ž‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ›‡ƒ” „› ›‡ƒ” ‹ ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–

way. John Beynon suggested the term “New Man” to refer to a phenomenon that

™ƒ•ˆ‹”•–†‹•…‘˜‡”‡†‹–Š‡ͳͻͺͲ•ȋʹͲͲʹȌǤ‹’Ž›’—–ǡ‡™ƒ‡ƒ•–Š‡‹†‡ƒ

–Šƒ–Š—ƒ•†‘̵–Šƒ˜‡–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•–”‹…–”—Ž‡•–‘†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›„ƒ•‡†

‘–Š‡”—‰‰‡†ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›–Šƒ–™ƒ•…”‡ƒ–‡†ƒˆ‡™›‡ƒ”•ƒ‰‘ǤŠ‡‹†‡ƒ•‡‡•–‘

„‡ ƒ ‘˜‡‡– –‘ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ –Š‡ ƒ––”‹„—–‡• ‘ˆ ’ƒ–”‹ƒ”…ŠƒŽ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›

ȋŠƒƒ†—††‹ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ ‡™ ƒ ‹• †‹˜‹†‡† ‹–‘ —”–—”‡” ƒ† ƒ”…‹••‹•–

ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ

• ‡™ƒƒ•—”–—”‡”

‡™ƒƒ•—”–—”‡”‹•–Š‡ˆ‹”•–…Šƒ’–‡”‹–Š‡‡™ƒŠ‡”‡†‹–›–Šƒ–

†‡ƒŽ•™‹–Š‡̵•”‡ƒ…–‹‘•–‘•‘…‹ƒŽ…Šƒ‰‡ƒ†–Š‡‹”•Š‹ˆ–‹‰”‘Ž‡•‹–Š‡ͳͻ͹Ͳ•

ƒ†ͳͻͺͲ•ǡ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž›‡̵•”‡•’‘•‡•–‘ˆ‹”•–Ǧ™ƒ˜‡ˆ‡‹‹•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌ

‡ƒŽ•‘Ž‹˜‡–Š‡‹”ƒ–—”‡Ž‹‡™‘‡ƒ•…”‡ƒ–—”‡•™‹–Šƒ•‡•‡‘ˆ…ƒ”‹‰ǤŠ‹•

‡™ —ƒ ƒ–—”‡ ƒ• ƒ ƒ”‡‰‹˜‡” ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Šƒ– ‡ Šƒ˜‡ ‰‡–Ž‡‡•• ƒ• ƒ

ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ ”ƒ‹•‹‰ ƒ† ”ƒ‹•‹‰ …Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ „› ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ

‡‹–Š‡Š‘—•‡Š‘Ž†ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ‡ƒŽ•‘—†‡”•–ƒ†ǡ”‡•’‡…–ǡƒ†„—‹Ž†

‰‘‘† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ™‹–Š ™‘‡ǡ …ƒ”‹‰ ƒ† •Šƒ”‹‰Ǥ ‡ ƒ”‡ ‡‘–‹‘ƒŽǡ

ƒ•‹”ƒǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ‡•‡‡˜‡”›—…ŠŽ‹‡ˆƒ–Š‡”•ǡƒ•”—Ž‡”•‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ƒ†

ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ Ž‡ƒ† ™‘‡ ƒ† …”‡ƒ–‘”• ‘ˆ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘•Ǥ Š‹• ƒ•…—Ž‹‡

†‡•‹‰‹•‘™ƒ•–Š‡…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽƒ•…—Ž‹‡•…Š‡‡‹™‡•–‡”–Š‘—‰Š–Ǥ†

”ƒ–ƒƒ Ƭ ‹‰•‹Š ȋʹͲʹͳȌ …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡• ƒŽ‡ ˆ‹‰—”‡• ™Š‘ ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† „‡ˆ‘”‡ –Š‡

ͳͻͺͲ•™‹–Š–Š‡‘’‹‹‘‡š’”‡••‡†„›ƒ˜‹†ƒ†”ƒ‘ǡ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡

ˆ‘—”ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•ǡƒ‡Ž›ǣ

• No Sissy Stuff ǣ ȋƒ’’‡ƒ”• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ”‘ ™‘‡Ȍ ƒ ”‡ƒŽ ƒ •Š‘—Ž† ƒ˜‘‹†

„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”• ‘” …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ™‘‡ ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒ Ƭ ‹‰•‹Šǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ ‡ …ƒ‘– …‘’‡–‡ ™‹–Š ˆ‡‹‹‡ …‘†‹–‹‘•

—•—ƒŽŽ›–”‹‡†„›™‘‡ȋŽƒ•›ƒŠǡ†Œ‹ǡƬ‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ

• Be a Big Wheel ǣ ȋ„‡…‘‹‰ •‘‡‘‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡–‹ƒŽȀ•—’‡”‹‘” –‘ ‘–Š‡”•Ȍ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› …ƒ „‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡† „› •—……‡••ǡ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›ǡ ƒ† ƒ†‹”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡

—•–Šƒ˜‡™‡ƒŽ–Šƒ†ˆƒ‡Ǥ

• Be a Sturdy Oak ǣ ȋ•‘‡‘‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ• ’‘™‡”Ȍǣ ‡ ‡‡† –Š‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ‘ˆ

‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ǡ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ƒ† ‡‡”‰›Ǥ ƒ —•– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ƒ…– …ƒŽ ‹

˜ƒ”‹‘—••‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ǡ‘–•Š‘™ƒ‰‡”ǡƒ†‘–’”‘˜‡Š‹•™‡ƒ‡••Ǥ

• Give them Hellǣȋ•Š‘™‹‰…‘—”ƒ‰‡Ȍ‡—•–Šƒ˜‡ƒƒ—”ƒ‘ˆ„”ƒ˜‡”›ƒ†

ƒ‰‰”‡••‹‘ ƒ† „‡ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ –ƒ‡ ”‹•• ‡˜‡ –Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ …ƒ—•‡ ƒ† ™‘””›

”‡“—‹”‡–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡Ǥ Masculine in the 1980s

Ž‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ›‡ƒ” „› ›‡ƒ” ‹ ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–

way. John Beynon suggested the term “New Man” to refer to a phenomenon that

™ƒ•ˆ‹”•–†‹•…‘˜‡”‡†‹–Š‡ͳͻͺͲ•ȋʹͲͲʹȌǤ‹’Ž›’—–ǡ‡™ƒ‡ƒ•–Š‡‹†‡ƒ

–Šƒ–Š—ƒ•†‘̵–Šƒ˜‡–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•–”‹…–”—Ž‡•–‘†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›„ƒ•‡†

‘–Š‡”—‰‰‡†ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›–Šƒ–™ƒ•…”‡ƒ–‡†ƒˆ‡™›‡ƒ”•ƒ‰‘ǤŠ‡‹†‡ƒ•‡‡•–‘

„‡ ƒ ‘˜‡‡– –‘ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ –Š‡ ƒ––”‹„—–‡• ‘ˆ ’ƒ–”‹ƒ”…ŠƒŽ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›

ȋŠƒƒ†—††‹ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ ‡™ ƒ ‹• †‹˜‹†‡† ‹–‘ —”–—”‡” ƒ† ƒ”…‹••‹•–

ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ

• ‡™ƒƒ•—”–—”‡”

‡™ƒƒ•—”–—”‡”‹•–Š‡ˆ‹”•–…Šƒ’–‡”‹–Š‡‡™ƒŠ‡”‡†‹–›–Šƒ–

†‡ƒŽ•™‹–Š‡̵•”‡ƒ…–‹‘•–‘•‘…‹ƒŽ…Šƒ‰‡ƒ†–Š‡‹”•Š‹ˆ–‹‰”‘Ž‡•‹–Š‡ͳͻ͹Ͳ•

ƒ†ͳͻͺͲ•ǡ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž›‡̵•”‡•’‘•‡•–‘ˆ‹”•–Ǧ™ƒ˜‡ˆ‡‹‹•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌ

‡ƒŽ•‘Ž‹˜‡–Š‡‹”ƒ–—”‡Ž‹‡™‘‡ƒ•…”‡ƒ–—”‡•™‹–Šƒ•‡•‡‘ˆ…ƒ”‹‰ǤŠ‹•

‡™ —ƒ ƒ–—”‡ ƒ• ƒ ƒ”‡‰‹˜‡” ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Šƒ– ‡ Šƒ˜‡ ‰‡–Ž‡‡•• ƒ• ƒ

ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ ”ƒ‹•‹‰ ƒ† ”ƒ‹•‹‰ …Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ „› ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ

‡‹–Š‡Š‘—•‡Š‘Ž†ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ‡ƒŽ•‘—†‡”•–ƒ†ǡ”‡•’‡…–ǡƒ†„—‹Ž†

‰‘‘† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ™‹–Š ™‘‡ǡ …ƒ”‹‰ ƒ† •Šƒ”‹‰Ǥ ‡ ƒ”‡ ‡‘–‹‘ƒŽǡ

•‡•‹–‹˜‡ǡ‰‡–Ž‡ǡ•Š‘™–Š‡‹”ˆ‡‹‹‡•‹†‡ǡ”‡•‹•–˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ǡƒ”‡‰‘‘†Ž‹•–‡‡”•ǡ

ƒ†”‡Žƒ–‡–‘‘–Š‡”•™‹•‡Ž›ƒ††‡‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ›Ǥ‡ƒ”‡‹–‡”‡•–‡†‹‡…‘Ž‘‰›ǡ

’‡ƒ…‡ǡƒ†”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ’‘Ž‹–‹…•ƒ†ƒ”‡ƒ†˜ƒ…‡†‹–Š‡‹”ˆ‹‡Ž†•‘ˆ–Š‘—‰Š–Ǥ

• ‡™ƒƒ•ƒ”…‹••‹•–

Š‡ •‡…‘† ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ ‡™ ƒ ‹• ‡™ ƒ ƒ• ƒ”…‹••‹•–ǡ ‹ ™Š‹…Š ‡

•Š‘™ –Š‡‹” ˆŽƒ„‘›ƒ– ƒŽ‹‡•• ƒ† ‡Ž‡‰ƒ– ›—’’‹‡•̵ Ž‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡Ǥ ‡

‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› Ž‹‡ –‘ ‹†—Ž‰‡ ‹ …‘‡”…‹ƒŽ ’”‘†—…–• –Šƒ– ƒ‡ –Š‡ •‡‡

•—……‡••ˆ—Ž•—…Šƒ•’”‘’‡”–›ǡ…ƒ”•ǡ…Ž‘–Š‡•ǡƒ†•‘‘ǤŠ‡›ƒ”‡˜‡”›ƒ„‹–‹‘—•

ƒ† …ƒ”‡‡” Ž‘˜‡”• –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ ‘” ‰ƒ‹ •‘…‹ƒŽ •–ƒ–—• ƒ† •Š‘™ ‘ˆˆ –Š‡‹” •—……‡••

ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ‡™ƒ̵•ƒ–—”‡ƒ•ƒ”…‹••‹•–•—‰‰‡•–•‡Ž‘‘ˆ‹–„‡…ƒ—•‡

–Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ „‘†› ƒ† —•…Ž‡ Š‡ƒŽ–Šǡ ‘™ Š‘™ –‘ †”‡•• —’ǡ ƒ† ƒ”‡

‹–‡”‡•–‡†‹…Ž‘–Š‡•ǡˆƒ•Š‹‘ǡƒ†•Š‘’’‹‰ǤŠ‡ƒŽ‡‹‡™ƒƒ•ƒ”…‹••‹•–

‹• ‹–‡”‡•–‡† ‹ ƒŽŽ ‰ƒ†‰‡–• ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ„‘—– …‘’—–‡”Ǧ”‡Žƒ–‡† •–—ˆˆ

ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ

Masculine in the 1990s

‡›‘…ƒŽŽ‡†–Š‹•‡”ƒ–Š‡‡™ƒ†Ǥ‡™ƒ†‹•ƒˆŽƒ•Š„ƒ…–‘™Š‡‡

…‘—Ž† „‡Šƒ˜‡ „ƒ†Ž› ƒ† ‘– ™‘””› ƒ„‘—– …”‹–‹…‹• ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ ‡™ ƒ†

„‡‰ƒ™‹–Š’‘’—•‹…ƒ†ˆ‘‘–„ƒŽŽȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǡŽ‡ƒ†‹‰–‘ƒ…Š‘ǡ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ǡ

ƒ†Š‘‘Ž‹‰ƒ‹•Ǥ‡™ƒ†–”ƒ‹–•ƒ”‡–Šƒ–ƒƒ„—‹Ž†•Š‹•Ž‹ˆ‡‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†„›

†”‹‹‰ǡ’ƒ”–›‹‰ǡ•‘……‡”‘”•‘……‡”ǡˆ‹†‹‰™‘‡ˆ—ǡƒ†Ž‹‹‰•‡šǤ‡ƒ”‡

‘”‡ …‘…‡”‡† ™‹–Š ˆ”‡‡ –‹‡ ‘” •’ƒ”‡ –‹‡ ƒ† ƒ‡ Œ‘‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡

…‘•‹†‡”‡††‡‡ƒ‹‰–‘™‘‡ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ Masculine in the 2000s

 –Š‡ ʹͲͲͲ•ǡ ‡™ –‡”• •—…Š ƒ• ‡–”‘•‡š—ƒŽ „‡‰ƒ –‘ „‡ ˆ‘—† ‹

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ ‡–”‘•‡š—ƒŽ ‡ …‘‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ —’’‡” ‹††Ž‡ …Žƒ••Ǥ Š‡›

’”‹‘”‹–‹œ‡ˆƒ•Š‹‘ƒ†ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘‡„‡”•‘ˆƒ”‡•’‡…–‡†…‘—‹–›‹•‘…‹‡–›Ǥ

‡–”‘•‡š—ƒŽ ‡ ƒ”‡ –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ‹–‡ ȋ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ Ž‹‡ –‘ Šƒ‰ ‘—– ™‹–Š

’”‡•–‹‰‡ȌǤ Š‡› ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ› Šƒ˜‡ –‘ „‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ƒ„Ž‡ ‘” •‘Ǧ…ƒŽŽ‡† …‹˜‹Ž‹œ‡†

’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ‡–”‘•‡š—ƒŽ‡ƒ”‡’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘…ƒ”‡ƒ„‘—–ƒ‘”†‡”Ž›Ž‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡ǡŽ‘˜‡

†‡–ƒ‹Ž•ǡ ƒ† –‡† –‘ „‡ ’‡”ˆ‡…–‹‘‹•–• ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒ Ƭ ‹‰•‹Šǡ ʹͲʹͳǢ ‘ˆ”‹ƒ‹ Ƭ

ƒ•‹”ƒǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ

Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›’—–ˆ‘”™ƒ”†„›‡›‘ȋʹͲͲʹȌ‹•̵ƒŽ‡‡••̵‹•

„‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽǡ–Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•…—Ž–—”‡Ǥ†‡‡†ǡ…ƒ‡˜‡”ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†

ˆ”‘…—Ž–—”‡ƒ†˜‹…‡˜‡”•ƒǤ†ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹•ƒ…Š‹Ž†‘ˆ…—Ž–—”‡ǡ•Šƒ’‡†ƒ†

‡š’”‡••‡† „› ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ƒ† ‰”‘—’• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž› ƒ– –‹‡•ǡ ‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–

…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•ǡ ƒ† ’Žƒ…‡• ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌ † ‡ ƒ”‡ ‘– „‘” ™‹–Š

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‹”‰‡‡–‹…ƒ‡—’ǡ„—–”ƒ–Š‡”•‘‡–Š‹‰‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡›

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

ƒ”‡ƒ……—Ž–—”ƒ–‡†ƒ†™Š‹…Š…‘•‹•–•‘ˆƒ…‘†‡‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”–Šƒ––Š‡›Ž‡ƒ”

–‘”‡’”‘†—…‡‹ƒ…—Ž–—”ƒŽŽ›ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡™ƒ›Ǥ–‹•ƒ‹†‡š‘ˆ…Žƒ••ǡ•—„…—Ž–—”‡ǡ

ƒ‰‡ǡƒ†‡–Š‹…‹–›ǡƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”ˆƒ…–‘”•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ†‡‡†ǡ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ›ǡ‡

‡˜‡” •Šƒ”‡ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ …‘…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ ƒ• ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰› •—‰‰‡•–•ǡ

™Š‹…Š ‹• ‹–‡”’”‡–‡†ǡ ‡ˆ‘”…‡†ǡ ƒ† ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡† ‹ …—Ž–—”ƒŽŽ› •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ™ƒ›•

ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ ƒ† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–‹‡• …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ …‘‡š‹•– ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡

‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ ƒ• Šƒ• „‡‡ ’”‘˜‡ ‡˜‡ ‹ ˆ‹‡Ž† •‡––‹‰•ǡ •—…Š ƒ• •…Š‘‘Ž•

ȋ‡›‘ǡͳͻͺͷǢͳͻͺͻǢʹͲͲʹȌǡŠ‘•’‹–ƒŽ•ǡƒ†’”‹•‘•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ

 …‘‡…–‹‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ˆ‘—†

•‡˜‡”ƒŽ ’”‡˜‹‘—• •–—†‹‡•ǡ ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ‹”•– ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ˜‡‰‡”•ǣ †‰ƒ‡

ȋƒƒ†ŠƒƒƬ–ƒ‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǤ‡…‘†ǡ—Šƒƒ†Šƒƒ†—††‹‡–‹–Ž‡†From New Man to New Lad: The Myth of Masculinity in NCT 127's “Kick It” Music Video

™Š‹…Šƒ‹•–‘…Žƒ••‹ˆ›–Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›†‡’‹…–‡†ƒ†”‡˜‡ƒŽ–Š‡›–Š„‡Š‹†–Š‡

representation of masculinity in NCT 127's “Kick It” music video ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡† ‹

ʹͲʹͲȋŠƒƒ†—††‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǤŠ‹”†ǡ‡œƒŠƒ†”ƒƒƒ†Šƒƒƒ†‹–”ƒ‡™‹

–ƒ‹ ‡–‹–Ž‡†The Richard's Masculinity In Film Love For Sale 1. Š‹• •–—†›

†‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡ ƒ• †‡’‹…–‡† ‹ ‹…Šƒ”†̵• ƒŽ‡

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒƬ‹‰•‹ŠǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ ‘—”–Šǡ‡‹–ƒŠ”‹•–‹‡ǡ†‘”‹Œƒƒƒ†‹ǡ Ƭ ‡‰ƒ™ƒ–‹ ƒŠŒ—†‹ƒƒ–ƒǡ ‡–‹–Ž‡†Representation of Women's Masculinity in the Film "My Stupid Boss2,"‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡•–Š‡†‡•…”‹’–‹‘‘ˆˆ‘”•‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›„›

–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ•–‡”‡‘–›’‹…ƒŽƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•…Ž‘•‡Ž›”‡Žƒ–‡†ƒ†…ƒ‘–„‡

•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ ’ƒ–”‹ƒ”…ŠƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ ȋŠ”‹•–‹‡ǡ ƒ†‹ǡ Ƭ ƒŠŒ—†‹ƒƒ–ƒǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ ‹ˆ–Šǡ —Ž›ƒ‹ ”ƒ–‹™‹ǡ —ƒ —”Œ—ƒǡ ƒ† ‘‹ —•ƒ–‘ǡ entitled Construction of Women's Masculinity Against Violence in Thriller Films (Analysis of Semiotics in the Film Killing Marlina Si in Four Acts) †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡

…‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‘‡̵• ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ˆ‹‰Š–‹‰ ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ™‘‡

ȋ”ƒ–‹™‹ǡ—”Œ—ƒǡƬ—•ƒ–‘ǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ

†–Š‡•‹š–Š•–—†›ǡ„›‹Ž‹›ƒƒǡ ‡””ƒ”‹ƒ…‹ƒǡƒ†„†—Žœ‹œǡ‡–‹–Ž‡†

Representation of Female Masculinity in Agnezmo Dan Megan Fox Lakme Cosmetics Advertisement (Roland Barthes Semiotics Analysis). Š‹• •–—†›

†‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‘ˆ ™‘‡ ‹ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‡‡–• ˆ‘” …‘•‡–‹… ’”‘†—…–•

ȋƒ‡—’Ȍ‰‡œ‘ƒ†‡‰ƒ̵•˜‡”•‹‘‘ˆƒ‡Ǥ ‘šǡ™Š‹…Šƒ‹”•‘‘——„‡

ƒ†–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ˆ‘”͸Ͳ•‡…‘†•ȋ‹Ž‹›ƒƒǡƒ…‹ƒǡƬœ‹œǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ‡˜‡–Šǡƒ‹ƒŽ

‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠƒ†‡‹‰†ƒ•‘”‘ǡ‡–‹–Ž‡†Masculinity and Piety in Abidah El- Khalieqy's Novel Perempuan Berkalung Turban. This study †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡

‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ƒ† ’‹‡–› ‹ –Š‡ ‘˜‡Ž

‡”‡’—ƒ ‡”ƒŽ—‰ ‘”„ƒ „› „‹†ƒŠ ŽǦŠƒŽ‹‡“› ȋ‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠ Ƭ

†ƒ•‘”‘ǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǤ ‹‰Š–Šǡ ‡™‹ —”ƒƒ ƒ”‹ǡ Šƒ‹”‹Ž ˆˆ‡†›ǡ ƒ† ‰—•

ƒ”‡ƒ……—Ž–—”ƒ–‡†ƒ†™Š‹…Š…‘•‹•–•‘ˆƒ…‘†‡‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”–Šƒ––Š‡›Ž‡ƒ”

–‘”‡’”‘†—…‡‹ƒ…—Ž–—”ƒŽŽ›ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡™ƒ›Ǥ–‹•ƒ‹†‡š‘ˆ…Žƒ••ǡ•—„…—Ž–—”‡ǡ

ƒ‰‡ǡƒ†‡–Š‹…‹–›ǡƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”ˆƒ…–‘”•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ†‡‡†ǡ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ›ǡ‡

‡˜‡” •Šƒ”‡ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ …‘…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ ƒ• ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰› •—‰‰‡•–•ǡ

™Š‹…Š ‹• ‹–‡”’”‡–‡†ǡ ‡ˆ‘”…‡†ǡ ƒ† ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡† ‹ …—Ž–—”ƒŽŽ› •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ™ƒ›•

ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ ƒ† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–‹‡• …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ …‘‡š‹•– ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡

‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ ƒ• Šƒ• „‡‡ ’”‘˜‡ ‡˜‡ ‹ ˆ‹‡Ž† •‡––‹‰•ǡ •—…Š ƒ• •…Š‘‘Ž•

ȋ‡›‘ǡͳͻͺͷǢͳͻͺͻǢʹͲͲʹȌǡŠ‘•’‹–ƒŽ•ǡƒ†’”‹•‘•ȋ‡›‘ǡʹͲͲʹȌǤ

 …‘‡…–‹‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ˆ‘—†

•‡˜‡”ƒŽ ’”‡˜‹‘—• •–—†‹‡•ǡ ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ‹”•– ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ˜‡‰‡”•ǣ †‰ƒ‡

ȋƒƒ†ŠƒƒƬ–ƒ‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǤ‡…‘†ǡ—Šƒƒ†Šƒƒ†—††‹‡–‹–Ž‡†From New Man to New Lad: The Myth of Masculinity in NCT 127's “Kick It” Music Video

™Š‹…Šƒ‹•–‘…Žƒ••‹ˆ›–Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›†‡’‹…–‡†ƒ†”‡˜‡ƒŽ–Š‡›–Š„‡Š‹†–Š‡

representation of masculinity in NCT 127's “Kick It” music video ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡† ‹

ʹͲʹͲȋŠƒƒ†—††‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǤŠ‹”†ǡ‡œƒŠƒ†”ƒƒƒ†Šƒƒƒ†‹–”ƒ‡™‹

–ƒ‹ ‡–‹–Ž‡†The Richard's Masculinity In Film Love For Sale 1. Š‹• •–—†›

†‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡ ƒ• †‡’‹…–‡† ‹ ‹…Šƒ”†̵• ƒŽ‡

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒƬ‹‰•‹ŠǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ ‘—”–Šǡ‡‹–ƒŠ”‹•–‹‡ǡ†‘”‹Œƒƒƒ†‹ǡ Ƭ ‡‰ƒ™ƒ–‹ ƒŠŒ—†‹ƒƒ–ƒǡ ‡–‹–Ž‡†Representation of Women's Masculinity in the Film "My Stupid Boss2,"‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡•–Š‡†‡•…”‹’–‹‘‘ˆˆ‘”•‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›„›

–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ•–‡”‡‘–›’‹…ƒŽƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•…Ž‘•‡Ž›”‡Žƒ–‡†ƒ†…ƒ‘–„‡

•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ ’ƒ–”‹ƒ”…ŠƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ ȋŠ”‹•–‹‡ǡ ƒ†‹ǡ Ƭ ƒŠŒ—†‹ƒƒ–ƒǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ ‹ˆ–Šǡ —Ž›ƒ‹ ”ƒ–‹™‹ǡ —ƒ —”Œ—ƒǡ ƒ† ‘‹ —•ƒ–‘ǡ entitled Construction of Women's Masculinity Against Violence in Thriller Films (Analysis of Semiotics in the Film Killing Marlina Si in Four Acts) †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡

…‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‘‡̵• ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ˆ‹‰Š–‹‰ ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ™‘‡

ȋ”ƒ–‹™‹ǡ—”Œ—ƒǡƬ—•ƒ–‘ǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ

†–Š‡•‹š–Š•–—†›ǡ„›‹Ž‹›ƒƒǡ ‡””ƒ”‹ƒ…‹ƒǡƒ†„†—Žœ‹œǡ‡–‹–Ž‡†

Representation of Female Masculinity in Agnezmo Dan Megan Fox Lakme Cosmetics Advertisement (Roland Barthes Semiotics Analysis). Š‹• •–—†›

†‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‘ˆ ™‘‡ ‹ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‡‡–• ˆ‘” …‘•‡–‹… ’”‘†—…–•

ȋƒ‡—’Ȍ‰‡œ‘ƒ†‡‰ƒ̵•˜‡”•‹‘‘ˆƒ‡Ǥ ‘šǡ™Š‹…Šƒ‹”•‘‘——„‡

ƒ†–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ˆ‘”͸Ͳ•‡…‘†•ȋ‹Ž‹›ƒƒǡƒ…‹ƒǡƬœ‹œǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ‡˜‡–Šǡƒ‹ƒŽ

‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠƒ†‡‹‰†ƒ•‘”‘ǡ‡–‹–Ž‡†Masculinity and Piety in Abidah El- Khalieqy's Novel Perempuan Berkalung Turban. This study †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡

‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ƒ† ’‹‡–› ‹ –Š‡ ‘˜‡Ž

‡”‡’—ƒ ‡”ƒŽ—‰ ‘”„ƒ „› „‹†ƒŠ ŽǦŠƒŽ‹‡“› ȋ‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠ Ƭ

†ƒ•‘”‘ǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǤ ‹‰Š–Šǡ ‡™‹ —”ƒƒ ƒ”‹ǡ Šƒ‹”‹Ž ˆˆ‡†›ǡ ƒ† ‰—•

ƒ”–‹‹‰•‹Šǡ ‡–‹–Ž‡†Masculinity of the Main Character in the Collection of Short Stories by Leila S. Chudori Nadira. Š‹• •–—†› ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–• ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘–Š‡ƒ‹…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹–Š‡…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ•Š‘”–•–‘”‹‡•ƒ†‹”ƒ„›

‡‹Žƒ Ǥ Š—†‘”‹ ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ˆ‘”•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› ƒŽŽ –”ƒ‹–•ǡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ǡ •’‡‡…Šǡ ƒ†

–Š‘—‰Š–’ƒ––‡”•–Šƒ–‹†‹…ƒ–‡–Š‡‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡƒ†‹–•…ƒ—•‡•ȋƒ”‹ǡ

ˆˆ‡†›ǡ Ƭ ƒ”–‹‹‰•‹Šǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǤ ‹–Šǡ ‹–‹ —Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡ entitled Female Masculinity of Alanna Trebond in Tamora Pierce's Alanna: The First Adventure (Song of the Lioness). –ƒƒŽ›•‡•ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›†‡•…”‹„‡†„›Žƒƒƒ•–Š‡ƒ‹

ˆ‡ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹–Š‡‘˜‡ŽŽƒƒǣŠ‡ ‹”•–†˜‡–—”‡ȋ‘‰‘ˆ–Š‡‹‘‡••Ȍ

ƒ†–Š‡…ƒ—•‡ȋ—Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ

Š‡‹‡•–—†‹‡•ƒ„‘˜‡Šƒ˜‡•‡˜‡”ƒŽ•‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡•ƒ††‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•™‹–Š–Š‡

…—””‡– ”‡•‡ƒ”…ŠǤ Š‡ •‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡• ƒ”‡ ˆ‘—† ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– •–—†› ȋ”ƒ–ƒƒ Ƭ

‹‰•‹ŠǡʹͲʹͳȌǡ•‡…‘†ȋŠƒƒ†—††‹ǡʹͲʹͲȌǡƒ†–Š‹”†ȋƒƒ†ŠƒƒƬ–ƒ‹ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǡ ™Š‹…Š —•‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› –Š‡‘”› „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘Š ‡›‘̵• ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‹

”‡˜‡ƒŽ‹‰†ƒ–ƒ‘‘„Œ‡…–•Ǥ†–Š‡ˆ‘—”–Š–‘‹–Š”‡•‡ƒ”…Šȋ—Žƒ†ƒ”‹ǡʹͲͳͻǢ

ƒ”‹ǡˆˆ‡†›ǡƬƒ”–‹‹‰•‹ŠǡʹͲͳͻǢ‹†ƒ›ƒ–—ŽŽƒŠƬ†ƒ•‘”‘ǡʹͲͳͻǢŠ”‹•–‹‡ǡ

ƒ†‹ǡƬƒŠŒ—†‹ƒƒ–ƒǡʹͲʹͲǢ‹Ž‹›ƒƒǡƒ…‹ƒǡƬœ‹œǡʹͲʹͳǢ”ƒ–‹™‹ǡ—”Œ—ƒǡ Ƭ—•ƒ–‘ǡʹͲʹͳȌǤŠ‹Ž‡–Š‡ˆ‘—”–Š–‘‹–Š•–—†‹‡•—•‡–Š‡•ƒ‡–Š‡‡ƒ„‘—–

ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ Ž‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…– ƒ† –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…– ȋˆ‹Ž ƒ† ‘˜‡ŽȌǡ –Š‡ ˆ‘…—• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†› ƒ† –Š‡ –Š‡‘”› —•‡† ˆ”‘ ’”‡˜‹‘—•

”‡•‡ƒ”…ŠǤ ‡ƒ™Š‹Ž‡ǡ –Š‹• •–—†› ”‡˜‡ƒŽ• –Š‡ ˆ‘”ǡ …ƒ—•‡•ǡ ƒ† ‹’ƒ…– ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‘ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”• ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ„‹… ‘˜‡Ž ‡–‹–Ž‡†Wanasitu Anni Imra'ah„›Š•ƒ„†—Ž—††—•—•‹‰–Š‡•ƒ‡–Š‡‘”›‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›’”‘’‘•‡†

„›‘Š‡›‘Ǥ

ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡•‡•‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡•ƒ††‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•ǡ–Š‡’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ”…Š

ƒ‘‰ ’”‡˜‹‘—• •–—†‹‡• ‹• –‘ ƒ†† ˆ‹†‹‰• ƒ„‘—– ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› –‘ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•‹”ƒ„‹…‘˜‡Ž•ƒ†–‘…‘–‹—‡’”‡˜‹‘—•”‡•‡ƒ”…Š™‹–Šƒ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–

ˆ‘…—•‘ˆ†‹•…—••‹‘Ǥ‘‹–…ƒ…‘…Ž—†‡–Šƒ–’”‡˜‹‘—••–—†‹‡•…ƒ„‡—•‡†ƒ•ƒ

”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡‘”„ƒ•‹•ˆ‘”…‘†—…–‹‰–Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ”…ŠǤŠ—•ǡ–Š‡ƒ‹•‘ˆ–Š‹••–—†›ƒ”‡ǣ

–‘”‡˜‡ƒŽͳȌ–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹ˆ‡ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•‹–Š‡‘˜‡ŽWanasitu Anni Imra'ahǡʹȌ–Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡„ƒ…‰”‘—†‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹ˆ‡ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•

‹–Š‡‘˜‡ŽǤ METHOD Data collection

ƒ–ƒ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘ –‡…Š‹“—‡• —•‡† ‹ –Š‹• •–—†› ™‡”‡ ”‡ƒ†‹‰ ƒ† ‘–‡Ǧ

–ƒ‹‰•–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡•Ǥ……‘”†‹‰–‘‘Š‡›‘̵•’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”—•‡†

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

–Š‡”‡ƒ†‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡–‘”‡ƒ†–Š‡‡–‹”‡…‘–‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡‘˜‡Žƒ†‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡

’ƒ”– –Šƒ– ‹…Ž—†‡• ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” —•‡• –Š‡ ‘–‡Ǧ–ƒ‹‰

‡–Š‘†–‘”‡…‘”†–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ–Šƒ––Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”Šƒ•‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡ƒ†‹‰

–‡…Š‹“—‡ •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ”‡…‘”†‡† ƒ† ‘‹–‘”‡† ‹ ƒ •›•–‡ƒ–‹…

ƒ†™‡ŽŽǦ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†ƒ‡”Ǥˆ–‡””‡ƒ†‹‰ƒ†–Š‡–ƒ‹‰‘–‡•ǡ–Š‹•‹•™Š‡”‡

̶”‡ƒ†ƒ†”‡…‘”†̶„‡…‘‡•ƒ†ƒ–ƒ…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘–‡…Š‹“—‡ȋ—”‹ƒ™ƒǡ—ˆŽ‹ŠƒŠǡƬ

—†”‹ƒŠǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ ˆ–‡” …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ˜ƒŽ‹†ƒ–‡† –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ

—•‹‰ ƒ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› –‡•–Ǥ Š‹• …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› –‡•– ‹• …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– ‹ –™‘ •–ƒ‰‡•ǣ

‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰’‡”•‹•–‡…‡ƒ†–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ

Data analysis

Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• –‡…Š‹“—‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” —•‡• ‹• –Š‡ ‹Ž‡•

ƒ†—„‡”ƒ‘†‡Žǡ™Š‹…Š…‘•‹•–•‘ˆ–Š”‡‡•–”‡ƒ•‘ˆ…‘…—””‡–ƒ…–‹˜‹–›ǣ

ƒ‡Ž›ǣ†ƒ–ƒ…‘†‡•ƒ–‹‘ǡ†ƒ–ƒ‡š’‘•—”‡ǡƒ†…‘…Ž—•‹‘†”ƒ™‹‰Ȁ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘

ȋ‹Ž‡•ǡ—„‡”ƒǡƬƒŽ†ƒÓƒǡʹͲͳͶȌǤ

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ‘„–ƒ‹‡†ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ˆ‘—† –Š‡ ˆ‘” ƒ†

‡‡”‰‡…‡ „ƒ…‰”‘—† ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ˆ”‘ ƒ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ‹ –Š‡ ‘˜‡Ž

Wanasitu Anni Imra'ah „› Š•ƒ „†—Ž —††—• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘Š ‡›‘’s

’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡Ǥ  –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ† †‹•…—••‹‘ •‡…–‹‘ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ’”‡•‡–• ƒ

†‡•…”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹ƒ–ƒ„Ž‡–‘ƒ‡‹–‡ƒ•‹‡”ˆ‘””‡ƒ†‡”•–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡

™”‹–‹‰ „› †‹˜‹†‹‰ –Š‡ †‹•…—••‹‘ ‹–‘ –™‘ ˆ‘…—•‡• ‘ˆ †‡„ƒ–‡Ǣ –Š‡ ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ

ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ–Š‡„ƒ…‰”‘—†‘ˆ–Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹™‘‡

„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹–Š‡‘˜‡Žƒƒ•‹–—‹”ƒ̵ƒŠǡƒ”‡ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ Forms of Female Masculinity

Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”ˆ‘—†–‡ˆ‘”•–Šƒ–†‡•…”‹„‡–Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘ˆˆ‡ƒŽ‡

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•‹–Š‡‘˜‡ŽWanasitu Anni Imra'ah„›Š•ƒ„†—Ž—††—•Ǥ•ˆ‘”

–Š‡•—ƒ”›‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹–Š‡ˆ‡ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•

‡š’Žƒ‹‹–—•‹‰–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰–ƒ„Ž‡ǣ

ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤ ‘”•‘ˆ ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›

‘Ǥ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘”•‘ˆ ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›

ͳǤ ‡‹‰Š‡‡Ž Ž™ƒ›•„‡–Š‡…Šƒ‹”ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘‹––‡‡

–Š‡”‡ƒ†‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡–‘”‡ƒ†–Š‡‡–‹”‡…‘–‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡‘˜‡Žƒ†‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡

’ƒ”– –Šƒ– ‹…Ž—†‡• ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›Ǥ Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” —•‡• –Š‡ ‘–‡Ǧ–ƒ‹‰

‡–Š‘†–‘”‡…‘”†–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ–Šƒ––Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”Šƒ•‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡ƒ†‹‰

–‡…Š‹“—‡ •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ”‡…‘”†‡† ƒ† ‘‹–‘”‡† ‹ ƒ •›•–‡ƒ–‹…

ƒ†™‡ŽŽǦ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†ƒ‡”Ǥˆ–‡””‡ƒ†‹‰ƒ†–Š‡–ƒ‹‰‘–‡•ǡ–Š‹•‹•™Š‡”‡

̶”‡ƒ†ƒ†”‡…‘”†̶„‡…‘‡•ƒ†ƒ–ƒ…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘–‡…Š‹“—‡ȋ—”‹ƒ™ƒǡ—ˆŽ‹ŠƒŠǡƬ

—†”‹ƒŠǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ ˆ–‡” …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ˜ƒŽ‹†ƒ–‡† –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ

—•‹‰ ƒ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› –‡•–Ǥ Š‹• …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› –‡•– ‹• …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– ‹ –™‘ •–ƒ‰‡•ǣ

‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰’‡”•‹•–‡…‡ƒ†–”‹ƒ‰—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ

Data analysis

Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• –‡…Š‹“—‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” —•‡• ‹• –Š‡ ‹Ž‡•

ƒ†—„‡”ƒ‘†‡Žǡ™Š‹…Š…‘•‹•–•‘ˆ–Š”‡‡•–”‡ƒ•‘ˆ…‘…—””‡–ƒ…–‹˜‹–›ǣ

ƒ‡Ž›ǣ†ƒ–ƒ…‘†‡•ƒ–‹‘ǡ†ƒ–ƒ‡š’‘•—”‡ǡƒ†…‘…Ž—•‹‘†”ƒ™‹‰Ȁ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘

ȋ‹Ž‡•ǡ—„‡”ƒǡƬƒŽ†ƒÓƒǡʹͲͳͶȌǤ

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ‘„–ƒ‹‡†ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ˆ‘—† –Š‡ ˆ‘” ƒ†

‡‡”‰‡…‡ „ƒ…‰”‘—† ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ˆ”‘ ƒ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ‹ –Š‡ ‘˜‡Ž

Wanasitu Anni Imra'ah „› Š•ƒ „†—Ž —††—• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘Š ‡›‘’s

’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡Ǥ  –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ† †‹•…—••‹‘ •‡…–‹‘ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ’”‡•‡–• ƒ

†‡•…”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹ƒ–ƒ„Ž‡–‘ƒ‡‹–‡ƒ•‹‡”ˆ‘””‡ƒ†‡”•–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡

™”‹–‹‰ „› †‹˜‹†‹‰ –Š‡ †‹•…—••‹‘ ‹–‘ –™‘ ˆ‘…—•‡• ‘ˆ †‡„ƒ–‡Ǣ –Š‡ ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ

ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›ǡ–Š‡„ƒ…‰”‘—†‘ˆ–Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹™‘‡

„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹–Š‡‘˜‡Žƒƒ•‹–—‹”ƒ̵ƒŠǡƒ”‡ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ Forms of Female Masculinity

Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”ˆ‘—†–‡ˆ‘”•–Šƒ–†‡•…”‹„‡–Š‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‘ˆˆ‡ƒŽ‡

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”•‹–Š‡‘˜‡ŽWanasitu Anni Imra'ah„›Š•ƒ„†—Ž—††—•Ǥ•ˆ‘”

–Š‡•—ƒ”›‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›‹–Š‡ˆ‡ƒŽ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•

‡š’Žƒ‹‹–—•‹‰–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰–ƒ„Ž‡ǣ

ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤ ‘”•‘ˆ ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›

‘Ǥ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘”•‘ˆ ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–›

ͳǤ ‡‹‰Š‡‡Ž Ž™ƒ›•„‡–Š‡…Šƒ‹”ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘‹––‡‡

‡•‹”‡–‘„‡ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›

‡ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”ˆ‘”Š‡”…Š‹Ž†

ʹǤ ‡–—”†›ƒ Ž™ƒ›•”‹•‡ˆ”‘ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡

‡˜‡”ˆ‡‡Ž™‡ƒ

͵Ǥ ‘‹••›–—ˆˆ Š‡™‹•Š‡•–‘„‡ƒƒ

‡Œ‡…–‹‰–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆƒ™‹ˆ‡

ͶǤ ‡™‡† ‘‘†ƒ–’Žƒ›‹‰•‘……‡”

‘‘†ƒ–„‘š‹‰

”‘ˆ‹…‹‡–‹’”ƒ…–‹…‹‰•™‘”†’Žƒ›

ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ„Ž‡ ͳǤ ‘”• ‘ˆ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ „”‹‡ˆŽ› –Š‡

”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• ˆ‘—† –Š‡ …‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‹ ™‘‡ ‹ Š•ƒ „†—Ž

—††—•̵ƒƒ•‹–—‹”ƒ̵ƒŠ‘˜‡Ž‹–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆŠƒ˜‹‰Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’–”ƒ‹–•ǡ

‹…Ž—†‹‰ǢƒŽ™ƒ›•„‡‹‰–Š‡…Šƒ‹”ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘‹––‡‡ǡ†‡•‹”‡–‘„‡ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹

–Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ „‡ ƒ Ž‡ƒ†‡” ˆ‘” Š‡” …Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ ƒ† Šƒ˜‡ •–”‘‰ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•ǡ

‹…Ž—†‹‰Ǣ ”‹•‹‰ ˆ”‘ †‹˜‘”…‡ǡ ‡˜‡” ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰ ™‡ƒǡ ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ ™ƒ–‹‰ –‘ „‡ ƒ

ƒǢ†”‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆ„‡‹‰ƒƒǡ”‡Œ‡…–‹‰–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆƒ™‹ˆ‡ǡ•‘–Šƒ–‹––”‹‰‰‡”•Š‡”

–‘ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‹ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ‡̵• ‰ƒ‡•ǣ ‰‘‘† ƒ– ’Žƒ›‹‰ ˆ‘‘–„ƒŽŽǡ ‰‘‘† ƒ– „‘š‹‰ǡ

‰‘‘† ƒ– •™‘”†’Žƒ›Ǥ • ˆ‘” ƒ †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡† ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› –Šƒ–

‘……—”• ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• †‡•…”‹„‡ ƒ•

ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ

Be a Big Wheel

’‡”•‘ „‡…‘‡• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”Ȁ•—’‡”‹‘” –‘ ‘–Š‡”•Ǣ –Š‡•‡

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› …ƒ „‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •—……‡••ǡ ’‘™‡”ǡ ƒ†

ƒ†‹”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘–Š‡”•ƒ†—•–Šƒ˜‡™‡ƒŽ–Šƒ†ˆƒ‡Ǥ

ƒ–‹‰–‘„‡–Š‡…Šƒ‹”ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘‹––‡‡Ǥ

…‘‹––‡‡Šƒ‹”ƒ‹•‘‡ˆ‘”‘ˆ•‘‡‘‡™‹–ŠƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•’‹”‹–Ǥ

ˆ–‡ ƒ Ž‡ƒ†‡” ‹• ƒ ƒǡ „—– ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ ƒ ™‘ƒ …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ

Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•’‹”‹––‘Ž‡ƒ†ƒƒ…–‹˜‹–›‘”‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡—ƒ†ˆ‹‰—”‡

‹•‘ˆ–‡–Š‡…Šƒ‹”ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡…‘‹––‡‡‹•‡˜‡”ƒŽ•…Š‘‘Žƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡƒ•†‡•…”‹„‡†

„‡Ž‘™ǣ

ميظنت لكل ةسيئر تنكو .

I was the head of every organizationǤ..ȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’ǤͳͲȌ

—ƒ†ƒ• ƒƒ…–‹˜‹•–‹ •…Š‘‘Ž ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ƒ† ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘•ǡ ƒ†‡Š‡” Šƒ˜‡

…Ž‘•‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ™‹–Š –‡ƒ…Š‡”•ǡ •…Š‘‘Ž ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ•ǡ ƒ† ’‡‘’Ž‡ ‹ Š‡”

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

‡˜‹”‘‡–•‘–Šƒ–•Š‡‰ƒ‹‡†–Š‡–”—•–‘ˆ„‡‹‰–Š‡Š‡ƒ†‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—••…Š‘‘Ž

ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡƒ†‹–ƒŽ•‘ƒ†‡‹–‡ƒ•‹‡”ˆ‘”Š‡”–‘…‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡Š‡”ˆ”‹‡†•‹•…Š‘‘Ž

ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•Ǥ

‹–Š–Š‹•ǡ—ƒ†Ž‘‘•ƒ•…—Ž‹‡™‹–Šƒ‹Š‡”‡–Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•’‹”‹–™Š‹…Š

•Š‡…ƒŽ‡ƒ†Š‡”…‘‹––‡‡‡„‡”•‹ƒ‡˜‡–ǤŠ‹•…ƒ„‡…ƒ–‡‰‘”‹œ‡†ƒ•

̶„‡ ƒ „‹‰ ™Š‡‡Žǡ̶ –Šƒ– ‹•ǡ •‘‡‘‡ „‡…‘‡• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ–Ȁ•—’‡”‹‘” ˆ‹‰—”‡ –‘

‘–Š‡”•ǡ ‘” –Š‹• ‹…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡”ƒ „‡ˆ‘”‡ –Š‡ ͳͻͺͲ•ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹•

•‘‡‘‡™Š‘…ƒ„‡…‘‡ƒ”—Ž‡”ƒ†ƒ’‡”•‘™Š‘…ƒŽ‡ƒ†ƒ†–Š‡’”‹ƒ”›

†‡…‹•‹‘ ƒ‡” ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ —ƒ† ‘ˆ–‡ „‡…‘‡• –Š‡ …Šƒ‹”ƒ

„‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡Ž‘‘••—’‡”‹‘”ƒ†„‡…‘‡•ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ–ˆ‹‰—”‡„‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡Šƒ•ƒ

”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž›…Ž‘•‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’™‹–Š–Š‡‘–Š‡”•Ǥ

‡•‹”‡–‘„‡ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›

 –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ „‡‹‰ –Š‡ Š‡ƒ† ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž› ‡ƒ• —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡

’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ‘ˆƒŽŽ…‘’‘‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ„‘–Š–Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ‘‡•‡Žˆǡ–Š‡‹”

•’‘—•‡ǡ ƒ† –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†”‡Ǥ › —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ˆƒ‹Ž›

‡„‡”•ǡ ‹– ‹• ‡ƒ•› ˆ‘” ƒ Ž‡ƒ†‡” ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž› –‘ –ƒ‡ ƒ ’‘•‹–‹‘ ƒ† ‡š‡”–

‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–Š”‘—‰Š–Šƒ–’‘•‹–‹‘Ǥ‡‹‰ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›‡ƒ•–ƒ‹‰–Š‡

…‘””‡…–’Žƒ…‡ƒ†‘˜‹‰‘–Š‡”’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘ƒ”‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ˆ”‘˜ƒ”‹‘—•

†‹”‡…–‹‘•ȋŠ‘Ž‹ŽǡʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡—ƒ†…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”Šƒ•ƒ†‡•‹”‡–‘„‡…‘‡

ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹Š‡”ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•†‡•…”‹„‡†ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ

.اهءارآ ضرفت ةدئاقك مدخأ نأ ..ةمـيعز ةيدايق ةيصخش نوكأ نأ

To be a leading leadership figure. To serve as a leader who imposes her viewsǤǤǤ ȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’ǤͺȌ

Š‡ƒ‹•–Š‡‘‡™Š‘•Š‘—Ž†Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ„—–‹–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ—ƒ†Šƒ•

–Š‡†‡•‹”‡–‘Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ™Š‹…Š•Š‡†‡•…”‹„‡•™Š‡•Š‡‰‡–•ƒ””‹‡†Žƒ–‡”Ǥ

‡…ƒ—•‡ •Š‡ †‘‡• ‘– ™ƒ– –‘ „‡ ƒ •‡”˜ƒ– ™Š‘ ‘Ž› ‘„‡›• ‘”†‡”• ‹ Š‡”

•‡”˜‹…‡ǡ —ƒ† –Š‘—‰Š– –Šƒ– ƒ””‹ƒ‰‡ ™‘—Ž† ‘Ž› ƒ‡ Š‡” ƒ •‡”˜ƒ– Š‡”

Š—•„ƒ† ‘”†‡”‡† Š‡” –‘ †‘Ǥ – –Š‡ •ƒ‡ –‹‡ǡ •Š‡ †‹† ‘– ™‹•Š –‘ †‘ •‘Ǥ

Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡—ƒ†’”‡ˆ‡”•–‘„‡–Š‡Ž‡ƒ†‡”‹Š‡”ˆ—–—”‡ƒ””‹ƒ‰‡•‘–Šƒ–•Š‡‹•‘–

‘”†‡”‡†–‘†‘•‘Ǥ

†–Š‹••Š‘™•–Šƒ–—ƒ†™ƒ–•–‘Ž‡ƒ†„‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡†‘‡•̵–™ƒ––‘„‡

‘”†‡”‡†Ǥ ‘ —ƒ† •‡‡• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ™Šƒ– ƒ ƒ

•Š‘—Ž†Ž‡ƒ†ǡ„—––Š‹•‹•–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡ǤŠ‹•…ƒƒŽ•‘„‡…ƒ–‡‰‘”‹œ‡†ƒ•̶„‡ƒ„‹‰

‡˜‹”‘‡–•‘–Šƒ–•Š‡‰ƒ‹‡†–Š‡–”—•–‘ˆ„‡‹‰–Š‡Š‡ƒ†‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—••…Š‘‘Ž

ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡƒ†‹–ƒŽ•‘ƒ†‡‹–‡ƒ•‹‡”ˆ‘”Š‡”–‘…‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡Š‡”ˆ”‹‡†•‹•…Š‘‘Ž

ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•Ǥ

‹–Š–Š‹•ǡ—ƒ†Ž‘‘•ƒ•…—Ž‹‡™‹–Šƒ‹Š‡”‡–Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•’‹”‹–™Š‹…Š

•Š‡…ƒŽ‡ƒ†Š‡”…‘‹––‡‡‡„‡”•‹ƒ‡˜‡–ǤŠ‹•…ƒ„‡…ƒ–‡‰‘”‹œ‡†ƒ•

̶„‡ ƒ „‹‰ ™Š‡‡Žǡ̶ –Šƒ– ‹•ǡ •‘‡‘‡ „‡…‘‡• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ–Ȁ•—’‡”‹‘” ˆ‹‰—”‡ –‘

‘–Š‡”•ǡ ‘” –Š‹• ‹…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ ƒ•…—Ž‹‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡”ƒ „‡ˆ‘”‡ –Š‡ ͳͻͺͲ•ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹•

•‘‡‘‡™Š‘…ƒ„‡…‘‡ƒ”—Ž‡”ƒ†ƒ’‡”•‘™Š‘…ƒŽ‡ƒ†ƒ†–Š‡’”‹ƒ”›

†‡…‹•‹‘ ƒ‡” ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ —ƒ† ‘ˆ–‡ „‡…‘‡• –Š‡ …Šƒ‹”ƒ

„‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡Ž‘‘••—’‡”‹‘”ƒ†„‡…‘‡•ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ–ˆ‹‰—”‡„‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡Šƒ•ƒ

”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž›…Ž‘•‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’™‹–Š–Š‡‘–Š‡”•Ǥ

‡•‹”‡–‘„‡ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›

 –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ „‡‹‰ –Š‡ Š‡ƒ† ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž› ‡ƒ• —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡

’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ‘ˆƒŽŽ…‘’‘‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ„‘–Š–Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ‘‡•‡Žˆǡ–Š‡‹”

•’‘—•‡ǡ ƒ† –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†”‡Ǥ › —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ˆƒ‹Ž›

‡„‡”•ǡ ‹– ‹• ‡ƒ•› ˆ‘” ƒ Ž‡ƒ†‡” ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž› –‘ –ƒ‡ ƒ ’‘•‹–‹‘ ƒ† ‡š‡”–

‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–Š”‘—‰Š–Šƒ–’‘•‹–‹‘Ǥ‡‹‰ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›‡ƒ•–ƒ‹‰–Š‡

…‘””‡…–’Žƒ…‡ƒ†‘˜‹‰‘–Š‡”’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘ƒ”‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ˆ”‘˜ƒ”‹‘—•

†‹”‡…–‹‘•ȋŠ‘Ž‹ŽǡʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡—ƒ†…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”Šƒ•ƒ†‡•‹”‡–‘„‡…‘‡

ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”‹Š‡”ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•†‡•…”‹„‡†ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ

.اهءارآ ضرفت ةدئاقك مدخأ نأ ..ةمـيعز ةيدايق ةيصخش نوكأ نأ

To be a leading leadership figure. To serve as a leader who imposes her viewsǤǤǤ ȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’ǤͺȌ

Š‡ƒ‹•–Š‡‘‡™Š‘•Š‘—Ž†Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ„—–‹–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ—ƒ†Šƒ•

–Š‡†‡•‹”‡–‘Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ™Š‹…Š•Š‡†‡•…”‹„‡•™Š‡•Š‡‰‡–•ƒ””‹‡†Žƒ–‡”Ǥ

‡…ƒ—•‡ •Š‡ †‘‡• ‘– ™ƒ– –‘ „‡ ƒ •‡”˜ƒ– ™Š‘ ‘Ž› ‘„‡›• ‘”†‡”• ‹ Š‡”

•‡”˜‹…‡ǡ —ƒ† –Š‘—‰Š– –Šƒ– ƒ””‹ƒ‰‡ ™‘—Ž† ‘Ž› ƒ‡ Š‡” ƒ •‡”˜ƒ– Š‡”

Š—•„ƒ† ‘”†‡”‡† Š‡” –‘ †‘Ǥ – –Š‡ •ƒ‡ –‹‡ǡ •Š‡ †‹† ‘– ™‹•Š –‘ †‘ •‘Ǥ

Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡—ƒ†’”‡ˆ‡”•–‘„‡–Š‡Ž‡ƒ†‡”‹Š‡”ˆ—–—”‡ƒ””‹ƒ‰‡•‘–Šƒ–•Š‡‹•‘–

‘”†‡”‡†–‘†‘•‘Ǥ

†–Š‹••Š‘™•–Šƒ–—ƒ†™ƒ–•–‘Ž‡ƒ†„‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡†‘‡•̵–™ƒ––‘„‡

‘”†‡”‡†Ǥ ‘ —ƒ† •‡‡• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ™Šƒ– ƒ ƒ

•Š‘—Ž†Ž‡ƒ†ǡ„—––Š‹•‹•–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡ǤŠ‹•…ƒƒŽ•‘„‡…ƒ–‡‰‘”‹œ‡†ƒ•̶„‡ƒ„‹‰

™Š‡‡Žǡ̶ •‘‡‘‡ „‡…‘‡• ƒ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”Ȁ•—’‡”‹‘” –‘ ‘–Š‡”• ȋ‡›‘ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǤ‡…ƒ—•‡•Š‡™ƒ–•–‘ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡š…‡ŽŽ‡––‘Š‡”Š—•„ƒ†Ǥ

‡‹‰ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”ˆ‘”Š‡”…Š‹Ž†Ǥ

†‡‡†ǡ‡˜‡”›ˆƒ–Š‡”‹•ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”ˆ‘”Š‹•ˆƒ‹Ž›ƒ†‹•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”–Š‡ǡ

ƒ†ƒ™‘ƒ‹•ƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”ˆ‘”Š‡”Š—•„ƒ†̵•Š‘—•‡ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡ȋ—–Š‹ƒǡʹͲʹͳȌǤ

Š‹• •Š‘™• –Šƒ– –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– Ž‡ƒ†‡” ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž› ‹• –Š‡ ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ „—– –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡

ˆ”ƒ‰‡–•‘ˆ–‡š–‹–Š‡‘˜‡Ž‹™Š‹…Šƒ™‘ƒƒ‡†—ƒ†…‘•‹†‡”•Š‡”•‡Žˆ

–Š‡Š‹‰Š‡•–‹–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ™Š‹…Š‹•†‡•…”‹„‡†ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ

تنبلا ةبسنلبا اـيلعلا ةدايقلا ناأف

I am the supreme leader of my daughterǤǤǤȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’Ǥͳͷ͸Ȍ

ˆ–‡” –Š‡ †‹˜‘”…‡ǡ—ƒ† ƒ† Š‡” †ƒ—‰Š–‡”‘˜‡† –‘ Š‡” ’ƒ”‡–̵• Š‘—•‡ǡ

™Š‡”‡Š‡”…Š‹Ž†̵•ƒˆˆƒ‹”•™‡”‡Ž‡ˆ––‘Š‡”‘–Š‡”–‘”‡’Žƒ…‡Š‡””‘Ž‡ƒ•ƒ‘–Š‡”Ǥ

˜‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡ …Š‹Ž†̵• „—•‹‡•• ‹• Ž‡ˆ– –‘ Š‡” ‘–Š‡”ǡ —ƒ† ”‡ƒ‹• Š‡” •‘̵•

•—’”‡‡Ž‡ƒ†‡”ǡˆ‘”™Š‘‘Ž›•Š‡…ƒƒ‡ƒŽŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰Š‡”•‘

„‡…ƒ—•‡ —ƒ† Šƒ• …”‡ƒ–‡† ƒ ˆ‘”—Žƒ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Š‡”

‘–Š‡”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†ǤŠ‹••Š‘™•–Šƒ–—ƒ†Šƒ•–Š‡•‘—Ž‘ˆƒŽ‡ƒ†‡”™Š‘…ƒŽ‡ƒ†ƒ

ˆƒ‹Ž›Ǥ

†„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡–Š”‡‡†ƒ–ƒ†‡•…”‹„‡†ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ‹–•Š‘™•–Š‡—ƒ†ˆ‹‰—”‡ƒ•

ƒ ’‡”•‘ ™‹–Š ƒ ƒ•…—Ž‹‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ǡ ƒ‡Ž› ƒ Š‹‰Š Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’ •’‹”‹–Ǥ ‘ ™‡

‘™–Šƒ––Š‹•ƒŽ‡–”ƒ‹–ǡƒ‡Ž›–Š‡ƒ–—”‡‘ˆŽ‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’ǡ‹•‘–‘Ž›’‘••‡••‡†

„›‡ǡ„—–™‘‡…ƒƒŽ•‘Šƒ˜‡‹–Ǥ Be a Sturdy Oak

ƒ ™Š‘ Šƒ• •–”‡‰–Š ”‡“—‹”‡• –Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ’‘™‡”ǡ ƒ†

‹†‡’‡†‡…‡Ǥ ƒ —•– ”‡ƒ‹ …ƒŽ ‹ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ǡ ‘– •Š‘™

‡‘–‹‘•ǡ ƒ† ‘–•Š‘™Š‡” ™‡ƒ‡••‡•Ǥ Š‹•‹•‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ

ƒ•…—Ž‹‡–”ƒ‹–•–Šƒ–…ƒŠƒ’’‡–‘™‘‡ǤŠ‡‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ™‘ƒ™Š‘

Šƒ•’‘™‡”‹…Ž—†‡ǣ

‹•‹‰ˆ”‘ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡

Ž™ƒ›•”‹•‡ˆ”‘ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡‹•ƒƒ…––Šƒ–•Š‘™•–Šƒ––Š‡’‡”•‘Šƒ••–”‡‰–Š

‹Š‹ǤŠ‡†ƒ–ƒ•Š‘™‹‰–Š‹•‹•ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ

Nuratul Muntahana, Abdul Basid

لشف زكرم لىإ لشفلا ةطقن تلوتحو .. ةرم نم رثكأ ترركت لشف ةطقن تيايح في نبأ فترعأ ،مئاد

لشفلا نم ىوقأ امئاد تنك دقو ..

I admit that in my life, there was a point of failure that was repeated more than once.. and the point of failure turned into a center of permanent loss, and I have always been stronger than failureǤǤ……ȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’Ǥ͹Ȍ

ƒ‹Ž—”‡ ‘ˆ–‡ …‘‡• –‘ —ƒ†ǡ ƒ† ‡˜‡”› ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ ƒ’’‡ƒ”• ‹ Š‡” Ž‹ˆ‡ǡ •Š‡

ƒŽ™ƒ›• –”‹‡• –‘ ”‹•‡ ˆ”‘ –Šƒ– ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ –Šƒ– Š‹†‡”• Š‡” •–‡’• ‘” ‡”ƒ•‡• Š‡”

‡š‹•–‡…‡ –‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– ™Š‡”‡ •Š‡ Šƒ• –Š‡ •–”‡‰–Š –‘ ƒ•–‡” –Š‡ Ž‘•• ƒ†

•—’’”‡••‹–—–‹Ž•Š‡†‘‡•‘–‰‹˜‡ƒ…Šƒ…‡–‘ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹–ǡ‡˜‡‹ˆ‹–‹•Œ—•– ƒ

•‡ƒ”Ǥ‡”‹ƒ‰‡–Šƒ–•Š‡Šƒ•†‹•’Žƒ›‡†‹’—„Ž‹…ǤŠ‹•‹•™Šƒ–ƒ‡•–Š‡—ƒ†

…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”Ž‘‘ƒ•…—Ž‹‡‹Š‡”•‡ŽˆǤ

†‡ƒŽŽ›ǡƒƒ””‹ƒ‰‡‹–‡†•–‘ƒ‡–Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž›Šƒ’’›ˆ‘”‡˜‡”Ǥ‘‘†ƒ†

Š‘‘”ƒ„Ž‡‰‘ƒŽ•ƒ”‡‘ˆ–‡†‹•„ƒ†‡†‹–Š‡‹††Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡–”ƒ…ƒ†…ƒ‘–„‡

ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡Ž› ”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡† ƒ• ‡š’‡…–‡† „› ƒŽ‘•– ‡˜‡”›‘‡ǡ ƒ† ƒ› ‡† ‹

•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‹˜‘”…‡ Š‡”‡ …ƒ „‡ –‡”‡† ƒ• –Š‡ –‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ƒ”‹–ƒŽ

”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’Ǥ‹•‹‰ˆ”‘ƒ†‹˜‘”…‡‹•ƒƒ…––Šƒ–ƒŽ•‘•Š‘™•–Šƒ––Š‡’‡”•‘Šƒ•

’‘™‡”™‹–Š‹Š‡”•‡ŽˆǤŠ‡†ƒ–ƒ•Š‘™‹‰–Š‹•‹•ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ

ةرئاد نم جرـخأ تىـح ثدـيح نأ بيج ناك ام اذه نأ لى دكؤي ناك يلقع نكلو ةطيبع لاعف تنك ابمر رأ تىح .. يسفن ءانبل غرفتأ تىـح .. يلشـف ةيتاذلا يلحاـصـم ىلع زـك

Maybe I was foolish, but my mind was assuring me that this was what should have happened to get out of my cycle of failure..so that I could devote myself to building myself..so that I could focus on my interests...ȋ—††—•ǡʹͲͲͻǡ’Ǥ͹͹Ȍ

ˆ–‡” —ƒ†̵• †‹˜‘”…‡ ˆ”‘ Š‡”Š—•„ƒ†ǡ •Š‡ ƒ†‹––‡† –Šƒ–•Š‡ ™ƒ•‹ ƒ

ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡™Š‡”‡•Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž‡†–‘„‡…‘‡ƒ™‹ˆ‡ƒ†ˆƒ‹Ž‡†–‘„‡…‘‡ƒ™‘ƒ™Š‘

…‘—Ž†‘–„ƒŽƒ…‡Š‘‡ƒ†™‘”Ž‹ˆ‡ǤŠ‹•ƒ‡•—ƒ†•–”—‰‰Ž‡–‘”‹•‡ˆ”‘

–Šƒ–ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ǡ•–”—‰‰Ž‡–‘‹ŽŽ–Šƒ–ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰ǡƒ†‡”ƒ†‹…ƒ–‡–Š‡‡‡†ˆ‘”‡Ǥ•—ƒ†

•ƒ‹†ǡ–Š‹•‹•Š‡”…Š‘‹…‡–‘„‡ˆ”‡‡ˆ”‘–Š‡…›…Ž‡‘ˆˆƒ‹Ž—”‡Ǥ

‡˜‡”ˆ‡‡Ž™‡ƒ

•–”‘‰…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”™‹ŽŽ„‡ˆ‘”‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡’”‘…‡••ǡŠ‘‡†™‹–Š˜ƒ”‹‘—•

•‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ǡƒ†ˆ‹”Ž›”‘‘–‡†‹–Š‡„‡Ž‹‡ˆ‹‘‡̵•‘™’‘–‡–‹ƒŽȋ‡–‹ƒ™ƒƬ