By Prithvi 11410024
BACHELOR’S DEGREE
in
COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC RELATIONS FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND COMMUNICATION
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY The Prominence Tower
Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat No. 15, Alam Sutera Tangerang, Banten 15143 – Indonesia
July 2018
Revision after the Thesis Defense on 18 July 2018
Prithvi STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.
Prithvi
Student Date
Approved by:
A’an Suryana, SIP, MPP
Thesis Advisor Date
Dr. Nila K.Hidayat S.E., M.M.
Dean Date
Prithvi ABSTRACT
FRAMING ANALYSIS OF THE NEWS CONTENT FROM AHOK’S BLASPHEMY CASE FROM TWO MAJOR INDONESIAN ONLINE NEWS
PORTALS (KOMPAS.COM & REPUBLIKA.CO.ID) By
Prithvi A’an Suryana
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY
Online media is on the rise. The transformation from the early days of print media to broadcast media until the recent days of online media has been extremely rapid. The media plays a big role in how we perceive things and the choices we make, as it acts as a medium between news and us, the public. The ex-governor of Jakarta, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, better known as Ahok, in May of 2017 was charged for blasphemy which is a crime in the nation. The news spread almost instantly and the online news media were very quick in choosing what to say and how to say it. The study in this research aims to learn the various ways two major online news portals in Indonesia framed the case. Republika.co.id and Kompas.com was specifically chosen for this research because of their distinct background. A framing analysis was conducted using a qualitative approach with the framing theory proposed by Robert Entman. The results of the study show the two online news media using evidently different frames when writing about the blasphemy case.
Keywords: framing, , online media, ahok, politics, .
Prithvi
© Copyright 2018 by Prithvi All rights reserved
Prithvi DEDICATION
This thesis goes out to my mother, father, and sister, as constant supporters and as the ones who have made my whole university life possible.
Prithvi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would firstly like to my parents, for the constant support and motivation for me. I would also like to specially thank my sister for having my back whenever necessary and being a regular listener to all the whining over the past few months.
To A’an Suryana – my extremely patient thesis advisor who was willing to meet me at such short notice and guiding me throughout the whole process. The words you have said to us, your thesis students will never ever be forgotten as the fuel to keep us running.
To all the lecturers from the Communications and Public Relations Department, thank you for all the knowledge you have shared over the amazing four years.
To all my classmates in PR 2018 and to the other fellow SGU students, thank you for providing the entertainment whenever necessary. A big thank you to Olivia & Fionna, wouldn’t have been able to finish without you.
Prithvi TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR ... 2
ABSTRACT ... 3
DEDICATION ... 5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... 6
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... 7
LIST OF FIGURES ... 10
LIST OF TABLES ... 11
1. INTRODUCTION... 12
1.1. Background ... 12
1.2. Research Problems ... 14
1.3. Research Objectives ... 14
1.4. Significance of Study ... 15
1.5. Research Questions ... 15
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ... 17
2.1 Framing Definition... 17
2.1.1Agenda Setting ... 19
2.1.2 Frame Building ... 20
2.1.3 Factors of Frame Building... 21
2.2 Blasphemy ... 23
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2.2.1 Blasphemy Law in Indonesia ... 24
2.3 Online news media ... 24
2.3.1. Kompas.com... 25
2.3.2 Republika.co.id ... 27
2.4 Theory ... 27
2.6 Previous Studies ... 30
2.7 Study Difference & Similarities ... 35
CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODS ... 37
3.1. Qualitative Analysis & Comparative Content Analysis ... 37
3.2. Research Framework ... 39
3.3 Scope of Research ... 40
3.4. Unit Analysis ... 40
3.5. Population and Sampling ... 41
3.6. Data Collecting Technique ... 41
3.7. Time frame of Study ... 41
3.8. Method of Analysis ... 42
CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS... 45
4.1 Initial Evaluation ... 45
4.2 Data Analysis ... 46
4.2.1. Attribution of Responsibility... 47
4.2.2 Conflict Frame ... 54
4.2.3. Morality Frame ... 58
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4.2.4 Human Interest Frame ... 59
4.2.5 Economic Consequences Frame ... 63
4.2.6 Episodic & Thematic Frames ... 64
4.3 Use of different news frames in different online news portals ... 72
CHAPTER 5 – CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMENDATIONS ... 86
5.1 Conclusions ... 86
5.2 Recommendations ... 88
REFERENCES ... 90
APPENDICES ... 95
Appendix 1: Articles from Kompas.com ... 95
Appendix 2: Articles from Republika.co.id... 121
Appendix 3: Coding Sheet for articles ... 151
Appendix 4: Coding for Republika.co.id ... 153
Appendix 5: Coding for Kompas.com ... 186
CURRICULUM VITAE ... 219