Daftar Isi
1. Introduction to GSCF
a) History
b) Architecture of the Framework c) Contributors
2. Smart City Definition
3. Smart City and e-Government
4. Smart City Model (for Indonesia Cities) 5. Smart Cities and Enterprise Architecture 6. Smart City Standard
7. Smart City Collaboration Forum 8. Smart City Measurement
9. Smart City Service Canvas
Motivasi
• Banyak kota di Indonesia berorientasi pada pencapaian kota cerdas, tetapi masih mengabaikan:
– prioritas inisiatif pengembangan layanan kota,
– perencanaan kualitas layanan kota dan manajemen pencapaiannya, – sinergi antara pihak-pihak yang berpotensi turut membangun kota, – keberlanjutan program-program peningkatan kualitas layanan kota.
• Perlu adanya suatu framework pengembangan kota cerdas yang dapat
menyamakan persepsi, serta mendorong sinergi bagi pemerintah kota
serta seluruh pihak terkait dalam mentransformasikan kota-kota di
Indonesia menuju kota yang lebih baik dan terjaga keberjanjutannya.
Smart Indonesia Smart Province
Smart City / Regency
Smart Village
Smart Area
Smart
Campus etc.
Smart Indonesia
Garuda Smart City Framework
• Garuda Smart City Framework adalah sebuah framework yang
dikembangkan berdasarkan: (1) tantangan pengembangan kota yang sering terjadi di Indonesia, (2) hasil studi berbagai pendekatan Smart City di berbagai negara dengan kondisi yang berbeda, serta (3) berbagai kasus penerapan berbagai teknologi dalam perkotaan.
• Banyak framework lain yang pernah dikembangkan, terutama di negara maju, tetapi pada umumnya berangkat dari kondisi awal kondisi kota yang berbeda dengan pada umumnya kota-kota di Indonesia.
• Garuda Smart City Framework (GSCF) dikembangkan dengan
memperhatikan kondisi kota-kota di Indonesia pada umumnya.
1. Introduction to GSCF 4
GSCF and its history
• GSCF is Garuda Smart City Framework
• GSCF is a comprehensive framework that define the definition of Smart City, proposed the model for Smart City representation, and also supported by several support components.
• GSCF 1.0 (well known as GSCM, GSC Model) announced in 2015 that only consist of model and separated measurement model.
• GSCF 2.0 announced in June 2017 and adopted by Indonesia Smart Initiative as Smart City Framework for Indonesia
• GSCF 2.1, announced in Nov 1
st, 2017 with the minor revision from GSCF 2.0
• GSCF 3.0, announced in Sep 1
st, 2018 with revision in definition, development model, and smart city service canvas
• GSCF 3.1, announced in March 4th, 2019 with revision in definition, smart characteristics, EA+
layers, and smart city measurement
• GSCF 4.0, announced in June 1, 2019 with revision in relationship with Industry 4.0, platform,
measurement revision
Update History of GSCF
GSCF 1.0 GSCF 2.0 GSCF 2.1 GSCF 3.0 GSCF 4.0 GSCF 4.1
Definition Three smart
characteristics Four smart
characteristics Six Smart Characteristics
Model GSCM 1.0 GSCM 2.0
Measurement Model Only Maturity
Model Maturity vs QoL New Maturity Model,
additional MATURE stage
Collaboration Model NA Smart City
Collaboration Forum/Body
Development Model NA NA Development
Model Development Model,
consist of : Development Cycle and Living Labs Enterprise
Architecture NA Four layers EA
Standard NA NA Standard
Services/Service
Canvas NA Smart City Service
Canvas No change SC Services, consist of :
Service Management Cycle and Service Canvas
Living Labs SC Dev Model: Living Lab,
PBREED Approach
Announced 2015 June 2017 November 2017 August 2018 June 1, 2019 Oct, 2020
GSCF 4.2 (April 2021, minor revision)
Architecture of GSC Framework 4
Smart City Definition
(Smart City)City Smart City
Model
Modeled by
SC Measurement
Model
SC Collaboration
Model
SC Development
Model
SC’s Enterprise Architecture
SC Services
Conceptually Implemented by Described as
Architecture using Developed
using Collaborate
Using Measured
using
Refer to
SC’s Standards
Standardized using
FRAMEWORK
Citizen
Provide Service to
DevelopmentSC Cycle
Living LabsSC
Service Management
Cycle
Service SC Canvas
GSCF and It’s components
1. Definition of Smart City. Definition is very important because there are many definition of Smart City in the world. Definition will be most top reference for other components.
2. Smart City Model. SC Model is representation of the City or Smart City.
3. Measurement Model. Measurement Model is a method to measure Smartness Level and Quality of Life Level.
4. Collaboration Model. Collaboration model is a
proposed of collaboration scheme to synergize all city initiative that involve many city components
(stakeholders).
5. Enterprise Architecture (EA). EA is a reference
architecture to help alignment between business, IS, IT in one side and multi sector alignment in other side.
6. Standards. Standard is a reference to guarantee connectivity of all EA layers, mostly in IT.
7. Development Model. Development Model is a model for Smart City Development. Development Model consist of:
a. Deployment Cycle. Deployment Cycle is a recommended cycle to guarantee connectivity between needs identification, planning, build solution, deployment and continues operation, and monitoring & improvement.
b. Living Labs. Living Labs is part of the City that assign as an experiment area to apply some idea toward better city. Its can be accessed and used by citizen, same as another part of the city. For government and partners, its became a living lab to evaluate the result and impact of applying idea.
8. Smart City Services
a) Service Management Cycle. Service Management Cycle is cycle that describe cycle of activities for plan, design, develop/create, test, and operate.
b) Service Canvas. Smart City Service Canvas is a simple canvas the recommended to represent any Smart City initiatives. This canvas designed to represent the minimum completeness of information and view needed for SC initiatives.
Smart City
Definition Smart City
Model
SC Measurement
Model
SC Collaboration
Model
SC Development
Model
SC’s Enterprise Architecture
SC Services
Conceptually Implemented by Described as
Architecture by Developed by
Collaborate Using Measured by
SC’s Standards
Standardize by
Refer to
SMART CITY MODEL
Modeled by Refer to
Refer to Refer to Refer to Refer to Refer to Refer to
Smart City Initiative (Project) City EA &
Standard
City(Smart City)
Implement by Improved
by
Government
Private Sectors
Citizen &
Community Smart City
Plan Executed
as
Smart City Collaboration
Forum
Create
Implement
by Community
Plan
Part of Part of Part of
Private Plan
City
Align to Plan
have have have
Smart City Services
Deliver Consumed by
Smart City Measurement
Refer to
Measured by Measured by
Measured by
Operational Unit
Hand over to
Citizen
Smart City Model as a Reference for the City
CITY
2. Definition and Understanding
of Smart City
City Challenges
(measurable view)
•
Challenge of integration
•
Challenge of scalability of capacity
•
Challenge of responsiveness and timely
•
Challenge of reliability
•
Challenge of efficiency
•
Challenge of service continuity (sustainable)
•
Complexity of city problem is growing fast.
•
In most cases, capacity of conventional solution cannot fulfill the capacity demand of city problem
•
City need innovative solution that provide higher and scalable capacity of solution
•
ICT (Information & Communication Technology) is potential enabler that enable innovative and effective solution and create high capacity of solution
•
But, it should be noted that ICT is not the only solution, and Smart City is not equal to ICT city or digital city.
Time Capacity of
Problem or Solution
City Problem
Conventional Solution Innovative
Solution
Smart City Definition (1)
Smart City is a city that can utilize its resources effectively and efficiently to solve any city
challenges using smart solution by providing infrastructures and
deliver city services to improve Quality of Life.
Revised
Smart Solution
(effective, highly efficient)
Resources
Better Quality of Live
More Smart Solution Characteristics
Sustainable
Highly Efficient
Responsive
Integrated Reliable
Scalable
3. Smart City and E-government
SMART CITY & e-GOVERNMENT
E-Government Smart City
Coverage • Government Institution of a City • (smart) City
Focus • Better public service (by government)
• Better internal management process in Government Institution
• Better City
• Better City Services (provided by Government & non-Government)
Span of Control
• Full control. Practically, Mayor have a full control over all government
institution components
• Not full control. A Mayor don’t have fully control over non-government institution.
For example, Mayor cannot ask Telco company to build a new network in some area of the city.
Customer • Citizen • Citizen
Smart City and E-Government
NON- GOV NON- GOV
NON- GOV
CITY GOV
Gov-Services
Gov-Services
REGULATE
SMART CITY
E-Government
DINAS or Sector DINAS
or Sector
DINAS Sectoror
Face to face Services
IT-Services
Online Services
Government City Institution
E-GOVERNMENT
ICT
Unit
4. Smart City Model
(for Indonesia cities)
Smart City Model
Architecture View
Resources Layer Enabler Layer - Smart People - Smart Governance - Smart Infrastructure,
Technology, and Environment Services Layer
- Smart Social (domain) - Smart Economy (domain) - Smart Environment (domain)
Service Result for
improve Quality of Life
Acting
Smart City Model
Architecture View
Understanding
Service Result for improve Quality of Life
Sensing
improvement
Smart Characteristic of Enablers
(
Sustainable, Efficient, Responsive, Integrated, Reliable, and Scalable
)Smart Services
Enablers of
Smart Services
Smart Life Cycle
Description of
Smart City Model
Resources
Enabler:
- Smart People
- Smart Governance - Smart Infrastructure,
Technology, and Environment Services:
- Smart Social (domain) - Smart Economy (domain) - Smart Environment (domain)
Layer Deskripsi
Resources Something available
Enabler Environment, infrastructure, and technology that needed to support services for
citizen
Services Services that provided by government (government public services) and non- government (i.e.
telecommunication services) Service Result for
improve Quality of Life
Key Success Factor: Holistic
• Key Success Factor of implementing Smart City is applying all smart city enabler
holistically, include:
– People,
– Governance, and
– Infrastructure, Technology, and Environment
– Data
• Enabler is a keys to provide good smart city services (Smart-Health, Smart-
Education, etc).
• Many cities trapped, focus only providing technology.
Resources
Enabler:
- Smart People
- Smart Governance - Smart Infrastructure,
Technology,
and Environment Service:
- Smart Social (domain)
- Smart Economy (domain)
- Smart Environment (domain)
Improve Quality of Life
Smart City Model
Smart People
Smart
Infrastructure, Technology &
Environment
Smart Governance
SMART ECONOMY
SMART SOCIETY SMART ENVIRONMENT
•
Smart Health
•
Smart Education
•
Smart Government (Public Services)
•
Safe & Secure
•
Smart Generation
•
others
• Smart Industry
• Smart Small Business
• Smart & Creative Startup
• Smart Tourism
• Service 1
• Service 2
• Smart Maritime
• Smart Mobility
• Smart Payment & Banking
• Smart Commerce
• others
• Smart Energy
• Smart Water/Air/Land Management
• Smart
Waste Management
• Smart
Region Management
• others
Enabler Services
Service
Domain Service
Cluster
Service Item
RESOURCES
Smart City Model
Service View
ServiceDomain Service Cluster Service
Item
Smart Service Hierarchy
generate
Basic Value
Quality of Life
improve
Additional Value
Smart City Service Canvas
improve generate
Supported by
Additional Value or Smart Value
Mandatory
Smart City Model
Management Process View
Plan/
Design
Build/
Improve
Operate Monitor
Plan/design, build/improve, operate, and monitor
“enabler”
Plan/design, build/improve, operate, and monitor
“service”
Plan/design must include
sustainable strategyTechnology
Platform People
G O V E R N A N C E Infrastructure
Platform
E N V I R O N M E N T
SMART SERVICES
ENABLER Platform for Smart Services
ISSP (Integrated Smart System Platform)
New Idea
Enabler
Impact of Industry 4.0
Changing in industry toward Industry 4.0 give strong impact direclty to all
components in enabler layer, and indirectly to all service domains
( smart economy, smart environment, smart society )
INDUSTRY 4.0 technologies
direct impact
direct impact
direct impact
new character of citizen
New
Technologies (AI, IoT, Big Data Analytic, etc)
fast response governance
Living Lab
Smart City Deployment Model:
Living Lab, PBREED Approach
P
B
R E
P
B
R
E PBREED Approach
P = Plan B = Build R = Run E = Evaluate
New Area of Living Lab
P
R B E
Living Lab =
Small and manageable part of the city
then
E = Expand, or
D = Duplicate
5. Enterprise Architecture
for Smart City
Integration Model for ICT Platform of the City:
Enterprise Architecture+ (EA Plus)
Business
Data
Application
ICT Infrastructure &
Industry 4.0 Technology
Physical Infrastructure
ICT is strong enabler in Smart City.
ICT support automation, strong analytical, and automatic decision making in Smart City.
Alignment and Integration are most challenges in applying ICT in Smart City. Enterprise Architecture Model can apply in
Smart City to model all components in one platform model and guarantee integration between all business process and ICT support.
City can be viewed as a super enterprise and must have
Enterprise Architecture of the City.
6. Supporting Standard for Smart
City
IS and IT Standards
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard Having an architecture is not enough.
Architecture only represent the structure or configuration, but not define the
implementation in detail.
Standard needed as a reference for implementing the architecture,
so the quality, compatibility, integration, and manageability can be
maintain easily.
Standard can be extended to cover process of management, and non-ICT area.
Standard not means only single choice for implementation.
Standard Principle
• No need to cover all parts
• Just to maintain integration
Business
Data
Application
ICT Infrastructure &
Industry 4.0 Technology Physical and Soft
Infrastructure
Standard
7. Collaboration Body for Smart City
Why City Need Collaboration Body?
• E-Government relatively easier to implement because the boundary is government institution that fully under controlled by a Mayor.
• But, in the city, a Mayor do not have full control to all city components to force integration for business process, data, application, and
infrastructure
• Integration achieved as an agreement-based on long discussion to find the equilibrium point that satisfy all city stake holders.
• Coordination and negotiation conducted by a collaboration body that lead actively by the Mayor of the city. This is very important, because there is no “command” in this type of organization, so trust and
leadership become very important.
Scope of Work of Collaboration Body
• Conduct Program Coordination between all city stakeholders
• Design Enterprise Architecture of the City as a common reference for integration:
Business Process, Data, Application, and Infrastructure)
• Smart City Program (Collaboration program that execute separately by corresponding stakeholder). Smart City Program differ from Government’s City Program, that in
Indonesia known as RPJx, but must be aligned to RPJx and plans of every city stakeholders.
• Evaluate achievement of Smart City Program
• Notes
– This collaboration body don’t execute project – Project execute by corresponding stakeholder
– Government and other stakeholders arrange their own strategic plan and project portofolio
that aligned with Smart City Program that agreed by all stakeholders
Connection between City related Plans
RPJx Corporate Longterm Plan.
(i.e.: Telkomsel, private hospitals, dll)
Smart City Plan
sinergy sinergy
sinergy RPJx is Government Longterm Plan.
Its designed and execute by Government but align with Smart City program
RJPP is Corporate Longterm Plan.
Its designed and execute by Corporate but align with Smart City program
Community Longterm Plan.
Its designed and execute by Community but align with Smart City program Community Longterm Plan.
Smart City
Collaboration Body
NON- GOV NON- GOV
NON- GOV
GOV
Gov-Services Gov-Services
Smart City Collaboration Body: How to synergize all city stakeholder’s program.
SMART Collaborat CITY
ion Body
REGULATE
(incl. Smart City related)
SMART CITY
citizen
Proposed Organization Structure of Collaboration Body for Smart City
Diadopsi dari Penelitian yang masih dilakukan di SCCIC-ITB
Matrix Organization Structure
Progress Monitoring of smart city program
Create and Maintain Enterprise Architecture for Smart City that become a common reference for smart city IT
development (business, data, application, infrastructure)
8. Measurement of Smart City
Two Main Category of Indicators
Two main indicators to measure Smart City
1. Quality of Life.
These indicators measure the Quality of Life level.
2. Smartness Level (to change)
This indicator measure the way to improve the Quality of Life to achieve better quality of life.
There are six indicator for smartness:
Sustainableility, Efficient, Responsive, Integrated, Reliable, and Scalable
Revised
Quality of Life
Smartness Level Smart City Good City
??????
Governance or Maturity Level of Smart City (1)
Start e-Gov initiative
Improve
integration Improve
sustainability innovation, transformation Add non e-Gov
Smart Initiative e-Gov
initiative established
e-Gov + non e-Gov initiatives established
integrated e-Gov + non e-Gov initiatives established
integrated system + sustainability
mature, innovative, highly efficient,
high value
This model was improved from the previous model.
There is additional stage between integrated and smart (called MATURE) to represent the existing of sustainability strategy.
Governance or Maturity Level of Smart City (2)
Ad-hoc No formal Smart City initiatives
Initial Formal Smart City initiative exist in City Plan, but only in Government side or non-government side
Scattered There are Smart City initiative conducted by government and non-government, but still scattered (not integrated yet). No collaboration body to integrate Smart City plan.
Integrated City government ask all strategic city stakeholders to synergize and integrate all smart city initiative toward better city (smart city). Government established a Smart City Collaboration body (Smart City Council) that consist of at least Government, non-Government, University, and Society to synergize all smart city initiatives. Execution will be executed and financed by each relevant parties.
Mature All Smart City initiatives are integrated and supported by longterm sustainability strategy.
Smart Integrated Smart City Plan established and implemented. Regularly, city measure the impact of the implemented plan to improve the Quality of Life and efficiency in many aspects. Based on the
measurement result, smart city program is improved.
Governance of Maturity Level of Smart City (2)
Smart City
Planner Smart City
Executor Smart City
Collaboration Body Government
Strategic Plan Sustainability Strategy
Adhoc
Not Available Not Available Not Available Available Not AvailableInitial
Government Government Not Available Available Not AvailableScattered
Government +other stake holders Government +
other stake holders Available, but not effective
Available, but not align with Smart City
Plan
Integrated
Government +other stake holders Government + other stake holders
Available, only to create Smart City Plan
Available, and align with Smart City Plan
Mature
Government +other stake holders Government + other stake holders
Available, create Smart City Plan
and monitoring + improvement
Available, and align with Smart City Plan
Proven Strategy for Long-term Sustainability
Smart
Government +other stake holders Government + other stake holders
Available, create Smart City Plan
and monitoring + improvement
Available, and align with Smart City Plan
Proven Strategy for Long-term Sustainability
Revised
Smart City Plan Not Available Not Available Available, but not align with Government City Plan
Available, and align with Government City Plan
Available, and align with Government City Plan,
and clear KPI Available, and align with Government City Plan,
and clear KPI
9. Smart City Service Canvas
Smart City Model
Service View
DomainServiceService Cluster Service
Item
Smart Service Hierarchy
Smart City Service Canvas
Supported by
Integrated
Key Players Integrated
Key Activities
Integrated Key Resources
Innovative
Value Prepositions
Citizen Relationships
Channels
Citizen Segments
Cost & Structures
Revenue Streams• List of players that needed to support service. All players should be kept integrated.
• List of integrated activities that conducted by many parties to support service. Its better to represent by model, for example by Porter Value Chain.
• List of all resources that needed to support
service. Resources can be provided by different parties.
•
List of Innovative Values
Preposition that delivered by Integrated City Service
• How to interact with the citizen segment?
• Which segment of Citizen as target of the service
• What channels needed to do relationship?
• All cost component for (1) planning, (2)
development, (3) operational, and (4) improvement
Quality of Life Indicators
• How to measure impact to Citizen Quality of Life?
SERVICES: ……… CLUSTER: …………..
Sustainability Strategy
• Sustainable strategy for service initiative.
Investors
Government Roles
• List of role, because Government as one of many players have dedicated and unique position.
Revenue Streams
• List of investor.
Government?
Private? of PPP?
• If the service generate revenue, how it will be divided between contributors?
SMART CITY SERVICE CANVAS (SCSC)
Service Measurement
• How to measure the quality of service (service oriented)
Governance
• Governance/legal aspect that should be complied to.
• Additional legal product that should be available
Diadopsi dari Penelitian yang masih dilakukan di SCCIC-ITB
Appendix-A
Development Team
Core Team
•
Dr. Ir. Arry Akhmad Arman M.T.
•
Prof. Dr. Ir. Suhono Harso Supangkat M.Eng
Supporting Team
•
Prof. Ir. Haryo Winarso M.Eng, Ph.D
•
Dr. Ir. Dwina Roosmini MS
•
Dr. Yuti Ariani
•
Dr. Ir. Bambang Pharma M.Sc
•
Dr. Ing. Ir. Suhardi M.T
Appendix-B
Smart City Maturity Model (Version 1, 5 stages)
Governance or Maturity Level of Smart City (1)
Smart Integrated
Scattered Initial
Ad-hoc
Ad-hoc No formal Smart City initiatives
Initial Formal Smart City initiative exist in City Plan, but only in Government side or non-government side
Scattered There are Smart City initiative conducted by government and non-government, but still scattered (not integrated yet). No collaboration body to integrate Smart City plan.
Integrated City government ask all strategic city stakeholders to synergize all smart city initiative toward better city (smart city). Government established a Smart City Collaboration body (Smart City Council) that consist of at least Government, non-Government, University, and Society to synergize all smart city initiatives. Execution will be executed and financed by each relevant parties.
Smart Integrated Smart City Plan established and implemented. Regularly, city measure the impact of the
implemented plan to improve the Quality of Life and efficiency in many aspects. Based on the measurement result, smart city program is improved.
Revised
Governance of Maturity Level of Smart City (2)
Smart City Planner
Smart City Executor
Smart City Collaboration Body
Government Strategic Plan
Smart City Plan
Adhoc
Available Not Available Not Available Available Not AvailableInitial
Government Government Not Available Available Not AvailableScattered
Government + other stake holdersGovernment + other stake holders
Available, but not effective
Available, but not align with Smart City Plan
Available, but not align with Government City Plan
Integrated
Government + other stake holdersGovernment + other stake holders
Available, only to create Smart City Plan
Available, and align with Smart City Plan
Available, and align with Government City Plan
Smart
Government + other stake holdersGovernment + other stake holders
Available, create Smart City Plan
and monitoring + improvement
Available, and align with Smart City Plan
Available, and align with Government City Plan,
and clear KPI Revised
Governance or Maturity Level of Smart City (3)
Smart Integrated
Scattered Initial
Ad-hoc
Government or non-government start to run limited Smart City initiatives.
Both Government and non-government start to run many Smart City initiatives, but not integrated.
Government established Smart City collaboration forum/body to synergize all partial smart city plan to be integrated smart city plan.
Established deliverable & impact measurement of smart city program to Quality of Life and increasing of efficiency.
Revised
Smart Integrated
Scattered Initial
Ad-hoc
Quality of Life
Smartness Level high
med
low
