Health Notions, Volume 2 Number 1 (January 2018) ISSN 2580-4936
107 | Publisher: Humanistic Network for Science and Technology
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
URL of this article: http://heanoti.com/index.php/hn/article/view/hn20119
The Knowledge Level and The Obedience of Maternal in Undertaking HIV Test
Ucik Rochmayanti1(CA), Ismoedijanto2, Ernawati3
1(CA)Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Indonesia; omay_kind@yahoo.co.id (Corresponding
Author)
2Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
3Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia ABSTRACT
Based on the data of Surabaya Health Office, in 2015 there were 30% of PITC from 55800 maternal and 37 of them were found HIV positive. This percentage has not had obvious explanation. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the knowledge and the obedience of maternal in undertaking HIV test”. This was analytic observational research by applying cross sectional design in 3 different community health center with high HIV rates. They were community health centre Dupak, Jagir, and Perak. Sample was selected by systematic random sampling. The number of pregnant mother was 80 that undertook ANC in those community health centre. The result showed that 90% of pregnant mother had good knowledge. Statistic test used Fisher exact test showed that the p-value < 0.05 (knowledge level had correlation with the obedience of undertaking HIV test).
Keywords: HIV test, Knowledge, Maternal, Obidience.
INTRODUCTION
HIV test is the important entrance or critical gateway in HIV handling cycles. The coming out of HIV status will lead to empowerment of the patient – self and the spouse in preventing HIV/AIDS transmission.
Furthermore, the coming out of maternal HIV status will lead to hold preventing from mother to child transmission program (PPIA). Therefore, HIV counselling and testing are kinds of starting point in the key HIV treatment which is a strategy explained by UNAIDS to obtain getting to zero(1).
Knowledge regarding psychosocial factors related to HIV disease and their associations with health behaviors can be translated into more effective treatment protocols that address these factors, which may subsequently decrease poor adherence and reduce the spread of disease. HIV-positive and -negative samples showing that sexual and physical abuse history is positively associated with 1) sexually transmitted diseases, 2) risky sexual behavior (e.g., unprotected sex, multiple partners), 3) alcohol use, and 4) needle sharing(2).
Surabaya is one of the cities with high HIV rates in East Java. Based on the data of Surabaya Health Office, in 2015 they got the data 55,800 of maternal while PITC service offered was for 41,225 maternal. However, there were only 17,027 of maternal who are willing to do PITC which was 37 of maternal got HIV positive. Maternal with HIV will at risk to transmit to her baby, therefore HIV testing is an important opening gate for HIV status in maternal. However, from the initial interview that the knowledge of maternal about HIV affects their obedience of undertaking HIV tests. Therefore, researchers are interested to examine more deeply.
This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the knowledge level and the obedience of maternal in undertaking HIV test.
METHODS
The location of this study was 3 different community health center with high HIV rates. They were community health centre of Dupak, Jagir, and Perak. The sample was maternal who undertake their pregnancy at community health centre of Dupak, Jagir, and Perak during July to September 2017. The sample size was 80 who selected by systematic random sampling. Data was collected by using questionare. The data type was categorical so it was presented in the form of frequency and percentage(3), then analyzed using Fisher exact test.
Health Notions, Volume 2 Number 1 (January 2018) ISSN 2580-4936
108 | Publisher: Humanistic Network for Science and Technology
RESULTS
Based on the data, it was obtained that there were 72 pregnant women who obey to undertake HIV test while 8 were not. In this case 72 pregnant women (78.8%) has higher knowledge than the rest. This research involved 80 respondents who undertake antenatal care in work authority of community health centre Dupak, Jagir, and Perak during September to July 2017. The research showed that most of respondent (95.2%) has high knowledge level category. Thus, the knowledge level distribution has positive correlation to the obedience in undertaking HIV test. The result analysis shows that there is a correlation between knowledge level and the obedience in undertaking HIV test.
Table 1. The distribution of obedience of pregnant mother in undertaking HIV test The obedience in undertaking HIV test Frequency Percentage
Obedience Not Obedience
72 8
90.0 10.0
Total 80 100.0
Table 2. The correlation between knowledge and obedience of pregnant mother in undertaking HIV test Obidience
p-value Obidience Not obedience
Knowledge
Poor Fair Good
3 (100%) 2 (14.29%)
3 (4.76%)
0 (0%) 12 (85.71%) 60 (95.24%)
0.000
Total 8 (10%) 72 (90%)
DISCUSSION
The result analysis shows that there is a correlation between knowledge level and the obedience in undertaking HIV test. This research is in line with Dimissie et al that there is a significant correlation between maternal knowledge level and VCT examining status(4). Based on the observation, another journal also has similarity with this research written by Vitrasari. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that p value = 0.042 OR = 8.60 which mean that there is a significant relationship between the knowledge level with the status of VCT examination in maternal(5).
In addition, this reasearch is also in line with is the study of Nurhayati. In her research shows that from 27 respondents, 16 respondents (59.3%) who have low knowledge and did not conduct VCT examination. After the statistical test it was obtained p value = 0.023 (p <0.05) which means there is correlation between knowledge level with maternal participation in VCT examination at Guguk Panjang Kota Bukittinggi health community centre(6).
Knowledge is the result of knowing what happens after a person has understanding an object(7). According to Rogers (1974) before people have new behavior, there is a sequential process, namely awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption(7). The explanation are as follows: 1) maternal awareness in understanding the benefits of HIV testing, 2) maternal feels interested and begin to follow the HIV Test, 3) considering whether HIV testing can benefit both the mother's health and her baby, 4) after that, the maternal undertakes HIV test, 5) maternal has newly obedient in HIV testing with knowledge, awareness and attitudes possessed. Maternal’s knowledge is less affected by the awareness of the benefit HIV test.
CONCLUSION
The research shows that maternal with a high level of knowledge have a positive correlation with the obedience in undertaking HIV in work authority of community health centre of Dupak, Jagir and Perak, Surabaya.
This research can be used as a reference for further researcher related to factors that influence the obedience of undertaking HIV testing for maternal with different variables (eg sociodemography, confidence, number of children).
REFERENCES
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unaids_ strategy_en.pdf
Health Notions, Volume 2 Number 1 (January 2018) ISSN 2580-4936
109 | Publisher: Humanistic Network for Science and Technology
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