View of HERMENEUTIC LANGUAGE STYLE IN THE POEM “PESAN PENCOPET KEPADA PACARNYA” BY W S RENDRA (SEMIOSTYLISTIC STUDY)

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Jurnal Disastri: Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Vol. 5, No.1, April 2023

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 55

Jurnal Disastri:

Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Vol 5, No. 1, April 2023

http://ejournal.unhasy.ac.id/index.php/disastri EISSN:2722-3329, PISSN:2716-411X

HERMENEUTIC LANGUAGE STYLE IN THE POEM “PESAN PENCOPET KEPADA PACARNYA” BY W S RENDRA (SEMIOSTYLISTIC STUDY)

Irham Thufani Anshori¹, Resdianto Permata Raharjo² Program Studi Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia

Universitas Hasyim Asy’ari

Corresponding Author : ¹ [email protected] Abstract

Poem is a form of written literature which is mostly written using the style of hermeneutic language in it. One of the poems that contains a lot of hermeneutic style is a poem by WS Rendra entitled “Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya” which is the object of research in this research. Pesan pencopet kepada pacarnya carries a lot of social criticism made by Rendra against social inequality that occurs in society by using many semiostylistic elements in his writing. This study was structured with the aim of knowing the meaning of hermeneutic figurative language in the poem Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya by W S Rendra using semiostylistic study theory.

This study uses a qualitative approach based on data sources and research data is the poem Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya by W S Rendra. Data collection techniques in this study used literature study techniques. The results of this study indicate that through the interpretation of the meaning of hermeneutic style in th is poem has a content of critical meaning or Rendra's views and concerns about problems and social imbalances that occur in society, related to the fate of lowly people, morality, promiscuity, to his criticism of officials. Which in almost every stanza of his poetry, Rendra uses many semiotic signs with stylistic language styles in writing these poems. Furthermore, the meaning and process of subjective interpretation of this poem are effectively carried out through an analysis of the meaning of the hermeneutic style of language in each stanza and poem.

Key words: Language style, Hermeneutic, Poem, Pesan Pencopet Kepada Pacarnya

Article history Received:

03-02-2023 Revised:

08-03-2023 Accepted:

23-03-2023 Published:

07-04-2023

INTRODUCTION

Promiscuity occurs among teenagers, until dating is a common thing done by a pair of men and women. This is one of the things that causes a lot of damage to the character, morality, and future of society. Not only among teenagers, matters related to deviant sexuality have also spread to adults. The number of commercial sex workers who become concubine or mistress of prijajis or the upper classes to high-ranking officials is

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 56 commonplace that we know.

The image of dignified officials does not always describe their behavior and morals, frequently they also behave like people who are considered despicable. A behavior that is often based on poor unfortunate people. Starting from acts of corruption that are the same as acts of pickpocketing or theft, to act arbitrarily with a myriad of treasures. His greed for wealth, throne, and women are a common thing to be done by some unscrupulous officials who still do not understand and are not self-aware.

Seeing this incident, Rendra expressed his social criticism through one of his poem entitled "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya." At a glance, this poem tells about the fate of a pickpocket who experiences a failure in his marriage because his girlfriend becomes the concubine or mistress of the head of a department who is corrupt and acts arbitrarily. In writing his poem, Rendra uses many semiotic signs with a unique stylistic style. Regarding the selection of the three interrelated figures, it is a sign of the inequality that occurs regarding the similarities that are distinguished and the differences that are equated. In a semiostylistic perspective, the poem "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" is a poem that can be read through hermeneutic readings to maximize the interpretation process with the result that the meaning contained in the poem can be easily understood.

Hermeneutic language style is a study that studies the reading of sign interpretation through its language style. Hermeneutic language style is part of semiostylistics which studies signs through language style. Hermeneutic language style applies an interpretation analysis of how the choice of words makes a sign and is used to write a literary work.

Hermeneutic language style is an interpretive language style that is applied to examine and find meaning in a literary work. Meanwhile, the process of analyzing a literary work through hermeneutic language style focuses on the semiostylistic elements used by the author to write or give meaning by using the meaning of other words in a literary work.

The study of poetry to examine the meaning of its content uses analysis on aspects of figurative language and the choice of words or diction is good to conduct, because through figure of speech and the choice of words or diction in the poem, a stylistic study of poetry becomes an effective study to conduct. Semiostylistics is a discipline of study that studies signs with figurative language which includes imprecision of expression through figurative language, hermeneutic figurative language, and hypograms. The meaning of a poem in a semiostylistic perspective is centered on the analysis of the meaning of hermeneutic language style which unites readings at a glance and in depth. The reading includes the initial meaning and interpretation process.

The poem entitled "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" by W S Rendra carries inequality and social problems related to social criticism on a phenomenon about a pickpocket's girlfriend who becomes the head of a service's concubine which is well packaged using signs through her language style. Therefore, this research focuses on analyzing the interpretation of Rendra's poems which are contained in his poem entitled

"Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" through exploring the meaning of hermeneutical style of language in the perspective of semiostylistic studies.

THEORETICAL FOUNDATION

Theory is an opinion based on research and findings supported by data as reinforcement, in the form of research experiments capable of producing facts. Several theories from the results of the experts' thoughts are used as references to support the discussion of the problems in this study, with the result that the research results can be accepted. This research uses a semiostylistic study, with a semiotic study as the core study

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 57 and a stylistic study as a supporting study in order to strengthen the results of the discussion in the form of a description of the signs of language style in the anthology of poem "Blues untuk Bonnie" by WS Rendra.

Language style is the use of a distinctive language and can be identified through the use of language that deviates from the use of everyday language or is better known as typical language in literary discourse. Deviations in the use of language are usually in the form of deviations from the rules of the language, the use of many regional languages, the use of foreign languages, the use of regional elements and foreign elements. Language style is a form of rhetoric, namely the use of words in speaking or writing to influence readers or listeners.

In addition, language style is also related to situations and atmosphere wher e language style can create certain emotional states, for example good or bad impressions, happy or not comfortable and so on that is received by thoughts and feelings through images of places, objects, certain circumstances or conditions.

Tarigan in (Ummamah, 2019) defines figurative language as a beautiful language that is used to enhance the effect by introducing and comparing an object or certain things with objects or with other things that are more general. Meanwhile, Siswantoro (2014: 115) adds that language style is a movement of turning away from everyday expressive forms or the usual flow of ideas to produce an extraordinary effect. Language style can enrich meaning with the result that it can reach the desired message more intensively with only a few words.

Likewise, stated by Kridalaksana (2001: 63) language style is the utilization of the wealth of language by someone in speaking or writing. Besides that, it can be interpreted as the use of certain varieties to obtain certain effects or the overall characteristics of the language of a group of literary writers. In addition, language style is the arrangement of words that occur because of feelings that arise or live in the writer's heart which creates a certain feeling in the reader's heart.

The language style animates sentences and gives movement to sentences. The style of language is to cause a certain reaction, to cause a thought response in the reader (Pradopo:

2018: 63). 11 Good language style must contain three elements, namely honesty, polite ness and attractiveness. Honesty in language means we follow the rules, good and correct rules in language. The use of vague words that are not directed and use convoluted sentences is a way of containing dishonesty. Politeness is giving appreciation or respect to the person being spoken to. The word respect does not mean giving awards or creating enjoyment through sweet words in accordance with pleasantries in the association of civilized society. From the above understanding, it can be concluded that language style is a way of expressing beautiful language through thought. Language style shows the soul and personality of the writer by comparing something with other things.

Hermeneutics comes from the Greek word 'hermeutike', the root of the word Hermeneutics comes from the verbs 'herme and neuien' which mean "to interpret" and the nouns "herme and neia" which mean "interpretation". Explanation of these words can be equated with expressing, explaining, translating, opening the basic character of interpretation in theology and literature (Palmer 2003:14). Hermeneutics means

"interpretation". In literary research, Hermeneutics has its own paradigm. According to Ricoeur (in Endraswara, 2008:42) "Hermeneutics tries to understand the meaning of literature that is behind the structure". In this case Hermeneutics views literary works as very necessary to be interpreted because on the one hand literary works consist of language which has a structure, on the other hand, in language there are many meanings that are hidden or deliberately hidden so as to give rise to imaginations which cannot be proven but must be interpreted” ( Ratih 2017:50-51) therefore, this Hermeneutic analysis technique is

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 58 a reading technique that must be repeated with retroactive reading and interpreted Hermeneutically based on literary conventions.

Semiotics is a scientific discipline that studies language signs. According to Preminger in (Pradopo, 2018: 224), "Semiotics is the science of signs, studying socio -cultural phenomena, including literature as a sign system". Hoed in (Nurgiyantoro, 2018: 40) also states that "Semiotics is a science or analytical method for studying signs, a sign is something that represents something else, it can be in the form of experiences, thoughts, ideas, feelings, and so on." According to Ferdinand de Saussure in (Imamah, 2021: 20) says that semiotics is a science that studies partial signs in social life. Semiotics is also a science that studies systems, rules, and conventions that allow signs in the use of language to have meaning.

Based on some of the opinions above, it can be concluded that semiotics is a science that examines signs, which in literary works studies the signs contained therein. The study of semiotics in literary works aims to find out the meaning of the content through the signs contained therein. Stylistics is a scientific discipline that studies language style. According to Fanani in (Ayu F, 2019) suggests that stylistics or style is a characteristic of the use of language in literary works which has its own specifications compared to the use of language in other communication networks. Stylistics is a scientific discipline related to style and style of language. However, in general, stylistics is more directed at language style. In interpretation, stylistics is a science that contains about style which includes several methods carried out by humans in their activities. In the language of the method is utilized in such a way. Language is a feature system, from this feature system various methods can be used to get the maximum meaning (Ratna, 2013: 167).

Semiostylistics comes from semiotics and stylistics, that is the study of signs through language styles. In the semiostylistic study of literary works, literary works are analyzed for the meaning of their content using the process of studying signs through the style of language used by the author or authors. Based on the above understanding, this study uses semiostylistic studies with semiotic theory according to Michael Riffaterre who argues that there are four basic things to interpret a poem, (1) poem is an expression of literary work indirectly, the expression of a literary work that chooses another way to convey a message and the meaning contained therein, (2) heuristic and hermeneutic readings, (3) matrices, models, variants, and (4) hypograms. Stylistic theory according to Pradopo (2018: 9 -14) which suggests that "Stylistics is a component in a literary work, especially language style which includes elements of intonation, sound, words, sentences, and discourse". In other words, stylistic theory is an important part of conducting a study of a literary work, because the existence of a literary work is inseparable from the use of language in it to give an aesthetic impression.

From the opinion of semiotics according to Riffaterre and stylistics according to Pradopo, the study of semiostylistics is a study to find out in detail a literary work through signs and the style of language in it. In this study, a semiostylistics study was conducted to find out the interpretation of the meaning of hermeneutic figurative language in the anthology of poem "Blues untuk Bonnie" by W S Rendra. Meanwhile, hermeneutic language style is a sub-discipline of semi-ostylistics that studies the process of interpreting literary works through heuristic and hermeneutic signs that are packaged with language style in writing in order to find out the implicit and explicit meaning contained in a literary work.

METHOD

This study uses a qualitative approach because the source of data and data studied in this study is the poem "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" by W S Rendra whose meaning can

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 59 be subjectively interpreted through semiostylistic studies that focus on hermeneutic language styles. According to Moleong (2014: 4), "in research of literary works it generally involves the author, the social environment, and cultural elements". According to Creswell (2016: 19), "The notion of qualitative research is a research process to understand based on research traditions to understand those based on research traditions with typical methods of researching human or societal problems. The data in this study is the poem "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" by W S Rendra which is a poem with a lot of semiotic and stylistic elements in its writing. Data collection techniques used in this study using literature study techniques. The purpose of applying the literature study technique in this research is to enrich the material in the research, that is using techniques (1) determining the object of research, (2) reading research data, (3) observing research data, (4) coding research data.

The theory used in this study is the theory of semiostylistic analysis. This technique was used by analyzing the data in the form of thirteen poems collected in the anthology of poems “Blues untuk Bonnie” by W S Rendra through the meaning of the hermeneutic style of language contained in it.

DISCUSSION

At first glance, this poem tells of a pickpocket whose girlfriend is proposed by an official, in accordance with the title, "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" . The contents of this entire poem are the indignant views of the lower classes of society at the o fficials. The pickpocket does not think he deserves to be side by side with siti, his girlfriend. Because he felt unable to provide for the life of Siti and their unborn child. Until when siti was proposed, the pickpocket sent a message, in the form of this poem. Pickpockets and officials are both pickpockets, according to him. However, he is more able to earn more wealth. The pickpocket also orders his girlfriend to keep up appearances and uses her husband to elevate her life. As well, in order to his girlfriend to teach their unborn children to grow into men who are smart and clever.

In the perspective of hermeneutical style, the selection of characters in this poem is the initial highlight that influences the interpretation process. The pickpocket as the main character in this poem symbolizes a small person who works as a pickpocket, while his girlfriend named Siti is a smart woman who is not too obedient to norms, then the election of a corrupt department head becomes a comparison for the pickpocket character in this poem. Both have the same job but the impact and justice are different.

Rendra introduces the character Siti in his first stanza as follows:

Siti.

Kini aku makin ngerti keadaanmu.

Tak’kan lagi aku membujukmu Untuk nikah padaku

Dan lari dari lelaki yang melamarmu.

The first stanza of this poem tells about a pickpocket who gives up his girlfriend, Siti and no longer persuades her to marry him and runs away from other people's proposals.

Hermeneutically, the first stanza in this poem is the opening of the poem's flow which semiotically shows that there is a couple of lovers who are in a dilemma about fate. About a pickpocket who has to endure his unlucky fate. And do not force the situation according to his wishes.

The second stanza in this poem is one of the uniqueness of Rendra's poetry. Beginning and ending with brackets, indicating that this second stanza is another point of view in one condition, the first stanza is from the pickpocket's point of view, while the following second

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 60 stanza is from Siti's point of view:

(Lelawa terbang berkejaran Tandanya hari jadi sore Aku berjanji

Di kamar mandi

Tubuhku yang elok bersih kucuci O, abang, kekasihku

Kutunggu kau di tikungan Berbaju renda

Berkain biru)

From Siti's point of view, the second stanza in this poem uses language style and word choice as semiotic elements. The first is Lelawa which means bat in a semiostylistic perspective, Rendra does not arbitrarily use the word Lelawa with his activities to symbolize the afternoon. Philosophically, bats are nocturnal animals and like to hang upside down. This can symbolize activities at night related to someone's image outside the portrait of society.

Meanwhile, hanging can mean an uncertain fate, which could easily turn from being lucky to being destroyed.

In the flow of the poem, this stanza shows that Siti is getting ready to wait for someone, who was originally shown waiting for the pickpocket. In this stanza, Rendra also uses the word Renda which means lace with a blue cloth. According to social history, the lace dress is a kind of kebaya that is normally worn for attending events and dating. The color blue in the choice of language semiotically means a faint mood of sadness and unrest.

The third stanza of this poem, Rendra presents the third person thr ough the perspective of the pickpocket who begins to compare his fate to Siti with his new employer, the head of the department. The third stanza in this poem is as follows:

Nasibmu sudah lumayan.

Dari babu jadi selir kepala jawatan.

Apalagi?

Nikah padaku merusak keberuntungan.

Masa depanku terang repot.

Sebagai copet nasibku untung-untungan.

Ini bukan ngesah.

Tapi aku memang bukan bapak yang baik.

Untuk bayi yang lagi kau kandung.

The stanza mentions the fate of the pickpocket, siti and the head of the service. The gloomy fate of a pickpocket, a change in siti's fate, and the lucky fate of a department head.

The fate of Siti, who was originally babu or a maid, increased dramatically because she became the head of the department's concubine. From an economic perspective, from a hermeneutic perspective, the language style of the word babu is a semiotic of the fate of low- income people because of their meager salary. While the concubine of the head of the service can raise the economic standard of a person's life even though her profession as a mistress is no better than a maid.

In this stanza, Siti is shown in a state of doubt through her lover's questions to confirm her fate. The word "Apalagi" which means moreover is followed by two professions:

pickpockets and heads of services compared. Then the affirmation that it is reality and logic and it is not ngesah or a complaint. Siti's doubt comes from the last two lines in this stanza, which illustrate that the pickpocket's relationship with Siti on the bed results in a pregnancy that must be accounted for. There is a unique line in this line that hints at the pickpocket's

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 61 mind.

First, it was as if the pickpocket compassionately and willingly, even though it was hard, gave up Siti, who was pregnant, to become the head of the department's concubine.

Meanwhile, on the other hand, the interpretation of these 2 lines shows that the pickpocket, Siti's lover, who had made her pregnant, took advantage of this moment to escape responsibility.

In the next even stanza, the fourth stanza. Rendra wrote it in brackets, indicating that the point of view changed again from the pickpocket to Siti.

(Lelawa terbang berkejaran Tandanya hari jadi sore.

Mentari nggeloyor muntah dilaut Mabuk napas orang Jakarta.

O, angin.

O, abang.

Sarapku sudah gemetar Menanti lidahmu

‘njilati tubuhku)

There are two words that become the main focus of the semiostylistic perspective: the words "nggeloyor" and "'njilati". These two words are used by Siti in this poem, which semiostylistically the choice of figurative language in these two words indicates that Siti is Javanese. "Nggeloyor" means to wander and "'njilati" means to lick.

This stanza gives an overview to the reader about the author's criticism of the behavior of people scattered in big cities. The sun is described as sinking, from a figurative point of view in this sentence the sun is described as setting, and throwing up in the sea means, he is expressing his dissatisfaction at the end of sinking into the sea protrait because of the bad behavior of people in the city of Jakarta. In this stanza it is also described that Siti feels homesick for her activities with her lover, which originally made her pregnant.

However, hermeneutically this stanza hints at the passion of sexuality which is manifested by violating norms that has an impact on the perpetrators themselves, this has a bad impact on the mental health of the woman who begins to become addicted to the pleasurable feelings she once felt with her lover.

Through the character of the pickpocket, in the fifth stanza, Rendra brings up several aspects, starting from the feelings and anger of the poor people to the bad reality that has become an open secret. Several phenomena of social inequality are aesthetically contained in the fifth stanza of this poem as follows:

Cintaku padamu tak pernah kusangsikan.

Tapi cinta cuma nomor dua.

Nomor satu carilah keselamatan.

Hati kita mesti ikhlas.

Berjuang untuk masa depan anakmu.

Janganlah tangguh-tangguh menipu lelakimu.

Kuraslah hartanya.

Supaya hidupmu nanti sentosa.

Sebagai kepala jawatan, lelakimu normal.

Suka disogok dan suka korupsi.

Bila ia ganti kau tipu Itu sudah jamaknya.

Maling menipu maling itu biasa.

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 62 Lagi pula

Di masyarakat maling kehormatan cuma gincu.

Yang utama kelicinan.

Nomor dua keberanian.

Nomor tiga keuletan.

Nomor empat ketegasan, biarpun dalam berdusta.

Inilah ilmu hidup masyarakat maling.

Jadi janganlah ragu-ragu.

Rakyat kecil tak bisa ngalah melulu.

Overall, in a hermeneutic perspective, this verse emphasizes life in a harsh social environment. In fact, according to Rendra in this poem, life must be full of sincerity and safety. If it is necessary to adapt and live in a social environment that is classified as harsh, humans must prioritize the safety of their lives even in ways that are classified as dirty. Just being cunning was the only thing they had to prioritize. Anger at someone who is full of ego and obsession with the world is also found in the verses of this poem. It is marked with figurative language through marking on the sentences "kuraslah hartanya", "Janganlah tangguh-tangguh menipu lelakimu", up to the last line, "rakyat kecil tak bisa ngalah melulu".

The feeling of anger from the pickpocket character towards the head of the department is represented in the fifth stanza of this poem. At first glance, the pickpocket advised his girlfriend, Siti, who has become the head of the department's concubine, to take advantage of her current situation to secure a future for herself and her children, especially so that she doesn't suffer the same fate as pickpockets and siti. They, as common people, often feel angry at the behavior of unscrupulous officials, and cannot budge and must act and reciprocate anger.

In the sixth even stanza of this poem is Siti's point of view, as follows:

(Lelawa terbang berkejaran Tandanya hari jadi sore

Hari ini kamu mesti kulewatkan Kerna lelakiku telah tiba.

Malam ini

Badut yang tolol bakal main acrobat Di dalam ranjangku).

Siti, who was originally waiting for the pickpocket around the corner in her blue lace dress, has now been picked up by her man, the head of the department. Siti also emphasized that she would do activities on the bed. This stanza describes how the person represented by the head of service does not hesitate to commit sexual acts against pregnant women. The word "badut" does not mean an entertainer, but in this poem hermeneutics the word "badut"

means a person with two faces. The word "clown" which is characterized by the word "tolol"

is one of the angry curses that is also felt by Siti because of the condition of being forced to become the head of the service's concubine, Siti must submit to economic conditions and welfare for the sake of the child in her womb. The sentence "bermain akrobat di dalam ranjangku" is a parable, which semiostylistically can be interpreted by examining the hermeneutical style of language. The sentence " bermain akrobat di dalam ranjangku" in hermeneutical language style means that the head of the department will have fun by expressing his lust for his new concubine siti. “bermain akrobat” means to do fun, to show exuberant behavior.

The seventh stanza in this poem comes from the pickpocket's point of view which contains how Siti's process plan should be when she becomes the concubine of the head of

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 63 the department to raise her standard of living. The verses of the poem are as follows:

Usahakan selalu menanjak kedudukanmu.

Usahakan kenal satu menteri dan usahakan jadi selirnya.

Sambil jadi selir menteri

tetaplah jadi selir lelaki yang lama.

Kalau ia menolak kau rangkap

sebagaimana ia telah merangkapmu dengan istrinya.

itu berarti ia tak tahu diri.

Lalu depak saja dia.

Jangan kecil hati lantaran kurang pendidikan

asal kau bernafsu dan susumu tetap baik bentuknya.

Ini selalu menarik seorang menteri Ngomongmu ngawur tak jadi apa

asal bersemangat, tegas, dan penuh keyakinan.

Kerna begitulah cermin seorang menteri.

In addition to the plot of the poem which tells that according to the pickpocket Siti should not stop at the concubine of the head of the service. Meanwhile, from the perspective of hermeneutics through his language style, Rendra pinned satire as the punching point in this stanza. Satire which is a criticism of unscrupulous ministerial officials through the sentence “Ngomongmu ngawur tak jadi apa, asal bersemangat, tegas, dan penuh keyakinan.

Kerna begitulah cermin seorang menteri”. Which depicts an individual who is boisterous during an oration but has no substance.

Rendra also mentioned the feelings of a pair of human beings who are duplicitous but don't want to be doubled. Rendra hermeneutically emphasizes this stanza on the obsession of a male person, even a class of high-ranking officials, regarding wealth, throne and women.

The next stanza is the eighth stanza, an even stanza that experiences a shift in point of view from the pickpocket to the siti again. This eighth stanza, in terms of the flow of the poem, tells the heuristics of how the pickpocket meets Siti and the journey of the story as follows:

Kenanganku melayang saat itu Di tengah asyik nonton pawai Kau meremas pantatku

Demikianlah kita lalu berkenalan Ialah setelah kutendang kakimu.

Dan sekarang setiap sore Bagaikan pisang yang ranum Aku rindu tanganmu

Untuk mengupasku.)

This stanza consists of three sentences, the first sentence reads “Lelawa terbang berkejaran, Tandanya hari jadi sore.” The second sentence reads “Kenanganku melayang saat itu, Di tengah asyik nonton pawai, Kau meremas pantatku, Demikianlah kita lalu berkenalan, Ialah setelah kutendang kakimu.”, and the third sentence is “Dan sekarang setiap sore, Bagaikan pisang yang ranum, Aku rindu tanganmu, Untuk mengupasku.” the first sentence is still a sign of the time setting at that time, while the second sentence is how the pickpocket and Siti met, while the third sentence is how they ended after establishing a relationship.

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 64 The first sentence in this stanza is still the same as the previous even stanzas, both from the heuristics and hermeneutic style of language. Whereas in the second sentence it shows that their introduction before becoming love was based on lust, tagged by the quote

“meremas pantatku”. The style of language used by Rendra in carrying out his writing in this sentence has criticism for youth who are rife in having lustful relationships in the name of love. Meanwhile, the third sentence in this poem has a unique hermeneutic style. Siti likens herself to a ripe banana, meaning that Siti is really ready to be enjoyed, waiting for the pickpocket to “mengupasnya” which means waiting for the pickpocket to strip her naked.

The next stanza is the ninth stanza, as before, the not even stanza is always at the pickpocket's point of view while the even stanza is at Siti's point of view. This ninth stanza is the final hope and message from the pickpocket to Siti, while the stanza also contains many satires and forms of criticism on several parties who become individuals who act outside and violate the rules, and social ethics as follows:

Akhirnya aku berharap untuk anakmu nanti.

Siang malam jagalah ia.

Kemungkinan besar ia lelaki.

Ajarlah berkelahi.

Dan jangan boleh ragu-ragu memukul dari belakang.

Jangan boleh menilai orang dari wataknya.

Sebab hanya ada dua nilai: kawan atau lawan.

Kawan bisa naik sementara

Sedang lawan selamanya jahat nilainya.

Ia harus diganyang sampai sirna.

Inilah hakekat ilmu selamat.

Ajarlah anakmu mencapai kedudukan tinggi.

Jangan boleh ia menjadi professor atau guru.

Itu celaka, uangnya tidak ada.

Kalau bisa ia jadi polisi atau tentara Supaya tidak usah beli beras

Kerna dapat dari negara.

Dan dengan pakaian seragam Dinas atau tak dinas

Haknya selalu utama.

Bila ia nanti fasih merayu seperti kamu Dan wataknya licik seperti saya – nah!

Itu kombinasi sempurna.

Artinya ia berbakat masuk politik.

Siapa tahu ia bakal jadi anggota parlemen.

Atau bahkan jadi mentri.

Paling tidak hidupnya bakal sukses di jakarta.

Many sentences in this stanza, according to a semi-ostylistic perspective through hermeneutic language style, mean something different from the textual, the context

"kemungkinan besar ia lelaki" is Rendra's choice of gender because men are physically stronger than women, therefore because in the next sentence Rendra connects it with the sentence "ajarlah ia berkelahi" which is also followed by the next sentence which is an allusion to how it is common for the world of politics to "memukul dari belakang". Rendra also advised through this stanza that don't judge people just by their image, even if you are a friend, there is still a possibility that he will turn against you, that's why you have to be careful

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 65 in life. Whereas if it is an opponent "it must be crushed until it disappears". This sentence is the fruit of criticism in the world of politics which is not far from the world of pickpockets.

That many people are cynical about their fellow comrades and do not hesitate to attack their opponents.

Apart from that, Rendra also pinned a comparison of a decent life between teachers and other professions, in this poem Rendra chose the profession of "polisi atau tentara".

According to Rendra, teachers who receive a small salary are not in balance with their services in building the education and character of the nation's children. As for the militant elements of the state apparatus, Rendra wrote, "supaya tak usah beli beras, kerna dapat dari negara. Dengan pakaian seragam, dinas atau tak dinas, haknya selalu utama” is a criticism of them regarding arbitrary acts that prioritize requests for their rights rather than fulfilling their obligations first. Economic comparison of the salary of a teacher who is considered far from appropriate with the soldiers and police. In the next stanza the reader is presented with heuristics of how the character of the head of the service is a combination of the cunning of the pickpocket and seducer like Siti. This is presented in the political promises of politicians, confirmed by the next sentence, which reads "artinya ia berbakat masuk politik.” This is based on a political phenomenon that is commonplace and occurs a lot, regarding the seduction of politicians to the people to give their voting rights through cunning, both in terms of persuasion and behavior. And in the last sentence "paling tidak ia bakal sukses di jakarta” this also describes how hard it is to live in a metropolis, where without seduction and cunning it is very difficult to achieve success, because the social environment is no longer healthy.

The poem "Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya" is composed of ten stanzas, five odd stanzas from the pickpocket's point of view, and five even stanzas from Siti's point of view.

This uniqueness seems to provide a visualization for readers to enter and be carried away in the plot. In a hermeneutical semi-ostylistic perspective, five to five is the same thing, a ration form that is not different even though the tasks and conditions are different. The last even stanza, the tenth stanza in this poem, is a sad farewell from Siti to the pickpocket. The verses are as follows:

Oplet-oplet memasang lampu.

Perempuan-perempuan memasang gincu Dan, abang, pesankan padaku

Di mana kita bakal ketemu).

Still set in the afternoon, “perempuan-perempuan memasang gincu” meaning that in the metropolitan world, women as night workers have penetrated a lot. Lipstick is a symbol of sexiness and sexual arousal. While the use of the word oplet to install lights is a hermeneutical sentence which interprets that oplet as a passenger transport vehicle has installed or turned on its lights to illuminate a dark road at night. This is the same as how the process of working in the night world has become widespread because it is easy and many people are interested in "jalan yang terang". The last sentence in this stanza is Siti's request for the pickpocket to tell her about their next meeting. The hint that Siti is only working, not arbitrarily and giving up her love to become the concubine of the head of the department in the middle of the metropolis.

CONCLUSION

Hermeneutic language style is part of semiostylistics which studies the science of signs and the style of language in them. Hermeneutic language style is an analytical tool used

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Hermeneutic Language Style in the Poem … | 66 to analyze a literary work through careful reading and a process of subjective interpretation based on heuristic and hermeneutic style theories. The style of hermeneutic language is important to study because many literary works, especially in the form of poetry, use semiostylistic elements in their writing, one of which is a poem composed by W S Rendra, namely a poem entitled “Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya.”

This poem entitled “Pesan Pencopet kepada Pacarnya.” carries a lot of criticism and issues of social inequality through three characters with different conditions and social status. This poem carries social criticism, politics, work, profession, promiscuity, to justice that should be upheld which is written using unique and aesthetic writing models and characters through the embedding of many semi-ostylistic elements whose meaning can be known through a process of subjective interpretation through analysis of hermeneutic language style. applied. This poem was first contained in a collection of Rendra's poems in the anthology "Blues untuk Bonnie." This poem heuristically carries out how the fate of the little people takes place, they are forced to surrender and flow according to circumstances.

Meanwhile, hermeneutically through the style of language. The implied message in this poem is deeper than just bad luck.

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