Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in elderly and very elderly in Poland - results of a cross-sectional representative survey.
Short title: Hypertension in elderly in Poland
Correspondence Author:
Prof. Tomasz Zdrojewski, MD, PhD
Medical University in Gdansk, Department of Preventive Medicine and Education, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
Tel./Fax: +48 58 349 25 38; e-mail: [email protected]
Supplemental materials
Words counts: 1016, Number of tables: 2, references: 5.
Baseline characteristics - supplementation
Current smoking was reported almost three times more often by men than by women [19.4% (95% CI: 17.7–21.3) vs. 6.7% (95% CI: 5.8–7.6), respectively], similar to past smoking [52.3% (95% CI: 50.0–54.6) vs. 17.5% (95% CI: 16.2–18.9), respectively]. Esti- mated mean body mass index (BMI) in the Polish population aged 65+ was 29.6±5.5 kg/m2 in women vs. 28.1±4.6 kg/m2 in men (P <0.001), and waist circumference (WC) was 97.3±13.6 cm vs. 102.3±13.2 cm (P <0.001), respectively. Obesity, defined as BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2, was observed in 43.0% (95%CI: 41.2–44.9) of women and 31.7% (95%CI: 29.6–
33.9) of men. The corresponding rates of visceral obesity, defined as WC ≥80 cm in women and ≥94 cm in men, were: 91.3% (95%CI: 90.3–92.3) and 76.9% (95% CI: 74.9–
78.7), respectively. Using the earlier definition of visceral obesity of WC ≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men, the prevalence rates were 77.8% (95%CI: 76.2–79.2) for women and 51.3% (95%CI: 49.0–53.6) for men. Hypercholesterolemia, defined as total cholesterol ≥190 mg/dl or lipid-lowering therapy, was present in 85.3% of women (95%CI:
83.9–86.6) and in 74.9% of men (95%CI:72.7–77.0). Awareness of diabetes or/and using glucose lowering therapy were recognized in 20.8% (95%CI: 19.4–22.3) of women and 17.1% (95%CI: 15.4–18.8) of men.
Table S1.
Prevalence of hypertension in the PolSenior survey adopted the 150 and/or 90 mmHg as diagnostic criteria.
Women Men
n % [95% CI] % [95% CI]
Hypertension 4950
65–69 yrs 781 71.9 67.2 - 76.2 68.5 63.5 - 73.2
70-74 yrs 921 79.1 74.9 - 82.7 71.5 67.2 - 75.5
75-79 yrs 842 79.1 74.7 - 82.9 61.6 56.8 - 66.1
80–84 yrs 788 75.6 70.8 - 79.8 62.5 57.7 - 67.1
85-89 yrs 863 72.3 67.5 - 76.6 55.5 50.9 - 60.1
≥ 90 yrs 755 62.2 57.2 - 67.1 51.2 46 - 56.4
Isolated
Systolic Hypertension 4634
65–69 yrs 751 4.6 2.8 - 7.3 9.2 6.5 - 12.8
70-74 yrs 871 6.0 4.0 - 8.9 13.6 10.7 - 17.2
75-79 yrs 780 10.6 7.7 - 14.3 16.3 12.9 - 20.3
80–84 yrs 740 11.8 8.7 - 15.8 15.5 12.2 - 19.5
85-89 yrs 799 14.6 11.2 - 18.8 15.2 12.0 - 18.9
≥ 90 yrs 693 14.0 10.6 - 18.1 15.6 12.0 - 20.0
Data not weighted, presented as percentage [95% confidence interval];
Hypertension defined as antihypertensive treatment or BP ≥150 and/or 90 mmHg;
Isolated Systolic Hypertension defined as systolic BP ≥150 and diastolic BP <90 mmHg during each of two visits.
Table S2.
Population-based studies on hypertension epidemiology with available data for individuals aged 80 years and older – review of last decade.
Country Acronym
Reference position
Period Population Sample No. of
respondents
Age (years)
Oldest age-cat-
egory
The oldest age-category Prevalence†
(%)
Control ‡
(%)
Poland PolSenior - 2007-2010 national random sample 4950 ≥ 65 ≥ 90 63% 36%
UK, England HSE [1] 2011 national representative 4466 ≥ ≥ 80 80%
not available
USA NHANES [2] 1999-2004 national representative 3810 ≥ 65 ≥ 85 78% 45%
USA NHANES [3] 2005-2010 national representative 1048 ≥ 80 77% 51%
Israel
Jerusalem Longitudinal Study
[4] 2005-2006 regional
representative sample born in the years 1920-1921
1159 85 85 90%♯? 38%
USA Framingham
Heart Study [5] 1990-1999 national
original cohort (1948-52) and offspring cohort (1971-73) reexamined in 2- and 4-year intervals, respectively
5296 (14 458 person-
examinations)
≥ 60 ≥ 80 74% 40%♯
the continuation of Table 5.
Latin Amer- ica, India, China
10/66 DRG [6] 2003-2009 national representative
17 014 (approximately 2000 per coun-
try)
≥ 65 ≥ 80
36% in rural India to 82%
in urban China*
not available
France Three City
Study [7] 1999-2001 regional random sample 9090 ≥ 65 ≥ 80 not
available
not available
Japan - [8] 1999-2004 regional 5 rural towns 1 256 ≥ 70 ≥ 80 76% 27%
† Hypertension defined primarily or calculated as BP ≥140 and/or 90 mmHg.
‡ Hypertension control among treated if BP <140/90 mmHg.
♯ estimated based on available data
* standardized prevalence for age, sex and education
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