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Identification of Data-Based Public Administration Governance Strategies: Opportunities and Challenges
Afridian Wirahadi Ahmad1, Mohamad Muspawi2, Andre Ariesmansyah3, Mochamad Heru Riza Chakim4, Hefri Yodiansyah5
1Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
1Universitas Politeknik Negeri Padang, Indonesia
2Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
3University of Pasundan, Indonesia
4Universitas Raharja, Indonesia
5Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Persada Bunda, Indonesia [email protected]
I. Introduction
Good public services are services that aim to reduce the burden on the community in carrying out the rules and administration, campaigning for transparency, accountability, and high integrity in public administration governance, and helping to increase the level and strengthen the competitiveness of services between countries (Halachmi & Greiling, 2013). The issue of public services is indeed very attention-grabbing in the field of state administration; according to them that in developed countries, it will undoubtedly be different from countries that are not developing in terms of public services where responsible efforts are carried out to improve service strategies related to the implementation of regulations that may not have the capacity to do so—something in the right way and suitable and cost-effective (Melé & Armengou, 2016).
For such purposes, studies need to be carried out to help achieve efficiency in public services in all sectors of government with strong support from both the government and parliament, so this study seeks to identify service improvements in several areas of
Abstract
This article aimed to identify a data-based public administration governance strategy regarding the opportunities and challenges in today's digital era. The authors believe that choosing a strategy in managing data technology-based public administration services is part of the success of organizations, including the government, in serving public partnerships. So to ensure the truth of this article's questions, we have collected field study evidence to study in-depth so that we can get answers to this royal question with convincing and high quality. So that the chest can be said to be a finding, first, our data has been carefully studied, involving a coding system for data interpretation and drawing conclusions under a phenomenological approach, namely an effort to search for the broadest possible data to get answers that are concise and clear.
The data sources that we focus on are scientific publications, journals, and other literature documents made public between 2010 and 2021 to find the data easily. Based on the study and discussion, we conclude that the effort to identify the right strategy for the government in managing public records is to provide data services on the internet, considering that all human activities, both business and public services, have been increasingly popularly adopted from the old way of talking about big data technology. It is hoped that this finding will become a significant input in improving studies on data-based public services.
Keywords
identification; database;
strategy; opportunities;
challenges
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Volume 4, No 4, November 2021, Page: 14308-14319 e-ISSN: 2615-3076 (Online), p-ISSN: 2615-1715 (Print)
www.bircu-journal.com/index.php/birci email: [email protected]
government which in terms of service quality are currently in need of upgrading more in- depth (Radnor & Osborne, 2013). So that their role as the backbone of the office in dealing with public services where the use of technology is now increasingly advanced to increase efficiency in various service sectors so that the goal of government organizations is to achieve work that best practice and service is beneficial to many people and is oriented towards partnerships with the government so that Electronic initiation was born which continues to be a solution in running data-based public services so that it is easily accessible by all citizens and improves public relations with the government, both central and regional with the various facilities provided by technology (Engin & Treleaven, 2019).
Organization must have a goal to be achieved by the organizational members (Niati et al., 2021). The success of leadership is partly determined by the ability of leaders to develop their organizational culture. (Arif, 2019).
In terms of the implementation of government administration in the public sector, there has been a shift in the value order from which the state apparatus used to tend to get public services, for now, behind every state apparatus, it must be as large as possible to serve the interests of the community following their respective competencies without any coercion from any party. So that this position is a position where the State Civil Apparatus behaves not oriented towards a lousy image of each individual. The current flow of globalization directs that all components of the nation, especially state organizers, must be willing to make a paradigm shift. All of these paradigm shifts need to be anticipated by all government administrators.
For this reason, in the context of realizing optimal governance in the field of administrative administration, especially in scheduling correspondence, both formal relations with other agencies, and so on, it is essential to arrange gradually and continuously according to the capacity and capability of the human resources who will carry it out (Ban et al., 2011). The utilization of data innovation in further developing public administrations additionally gives gigantic freedoms to local turn of events (Milovanović, 2014). Where areas can utilize data innovation to improve on the help cycle, present local potential, and increment cooperation with the local area and business.
Information technology plays a vital role in the management of management information systems, starting from data entry, data management, and sending information data.
II. Research Method
In this method section, the article would like to re-explain the purpose of this study, namely the identification of public administration governance strategies based on Big Data in terms of opportunities and challenges (Asah et al., 2014). The authors believed that identifying the right government administration governance strategy through technology is a strategy widely recognized by academics, researchers, and public service policymakers in many developed countries. Therefore, to prove this assumption, we have carried out a series of literature collections focusing on data published in scientific journals, magazines, books, and websites that discuss issues of government strategy to manage public administration using Big Data (Marczyk et al. al., 2010). Next, we examine the collected data by involving several stages of the review process such as ethical data considerations, then processing the data based on this question which we do utilize data evaluation, data coding, data interpretation in depth so that we can take the essence that we will make as an answer on study questions with the principle of high validity and reliability (Bengtsson, 2016). We then report the data in a qualitative descriptive paper design by following several sample study formats carried out by previous researchers.
Furthermore, this study used secondary data as research evidence to focus on data published between 2010 and 2021. This aims to obtain more updated and highly valid literature where technological issues are changing very quickly, so we must ensure that every data present is wholly updated (González-Pérez et al., 2017). Furthermore, in conducting data searches, we use library data, namely with the help of electronic searches by using keywords. Based on the database and research evidence, we believe our findings have answered the problem, how is the government's approach to serving the public with a database system and why the government chooses a public service strategy using technology and data. We use those strategies and materials to implement this literature review study (Oztemel & Gursev, 2020).
III. Results and Discussion
3.1 Technology in Public Service
The use of data technology and web development in government continues to expand. This is done by re-managing, involving reliable work from home, and supporting the propriety of duty and convenience of experts in task recovery and public assistance work (Bhuiyan, 2010). The progress of correspondence, the development of web-based media business, connecting with residents to play a proactive job in government. As the boundaries of online media are also sharpened, the value of these exciting advancements grows, essentially when they are used to empower open and direct governments and work with citizen-driven transport affiliates (Hashem et al., 2015). These advances will turn into basic mechanical assembly to manage the expansive complexity of modern data at last.
Significant information is one of the intelligent business game plans and enables the public power to make better decisions by making progress dependent on the settings found by exploring a lot of pertinent and immaterial, structured and unstructured information (Acharya et al., 2018).
Big data judgments can be a huge key asset for sifting how associations are made, expanding directness, and contemplating better outcomes, cycles, and options (Edmondson, 2018). However, different public associations cannot fully direct and investigate the data to take advantage of its enormous potential. In such a way, by looking at the possible results and difficulties facing the chamber regarding giant information and available information, this paper would like to propose joint efforts and collaborations between countries and strategy execution affiliates, instigating more robust and informed activities with open affiliates (Van Dijck, 2013). In the same way, this paper plans to;
understand giant concrete information and open information disclosures and fundamentals in loose affiliation and assertive engineering settings, and advance joint efforts between states and work environments that assist the public by accelerating information-driven change (Marsick & Watkins, 2015).
3.2 Ramifications of Big Data
As the International Data Corporation points out, IDC describes the giant information advance as yet another advancement and model that seeks to eliminate large volumes of information by empowering the speed of capture, disclosure, and evaluation (Bollier & Firestone, 2010). New capture, search, reveal, and assessment instruments can help relationships by gaining experience from their unstructured information, which tends to make up more than 90% of the large-level universes. The definition brings together the tools, associations, and programming that direct, sort, create, explore, and present information depicted with volume, mix, speed, and value cut and leveraged from that
information for additional missions. Mass information is mainly used to denote the size and multi-layered nature of educational varieties, as opposed to different types of handling, investigation, etc., which is relied on to manage it, which is more prominent and downright confusing illuminates the record and unlocks its value (Dash et al., 2019).
In general, the use of technology in public services is usually used to look at pure volume and many points of view: more information, more types of information, more sources of information, and more types of information (Djellal et al., 2013). However, the information serves no purpose, as does volume. The main concerns are meaning, basic information, essential data, and giant information. The purpose of the unique information structure is to appear and move from information to choices and activities because of the large number of information considerations and computerized reasoning. Amid these advances, the meaning of the terms big data and information has evolved, moving away from definitions essential for controlling the volume, speed, and mix of information (McAbee et al., 2017). An essential requirement in largely unstructured information clutter is to achieve near potential activities. The information value creation base is vast, and the information and data are generally comprehensive, driven by the required results.
Big data is the high volume, speed, and exciting mix of data resources, innovative data types handled for overhauled, and free postal data. With the development of the Internet for everything and the steady digitization of various spaces of society, science, and business, the mixing, handling, and assessment of illuminating and well-informed records is both a test and an opportunity for a long time (Liu et al., 2021). The restored notion of enormous information has recently been created by a mixture of the open-source movement in storing and controlling information and expanding the volume (Elliot et al., 2014). Add to that other third-stage drives, of which enormous informational valuations are a part, such as exact numbers, flexible accelerators, and extras, for example, IoT. It finally becomes clear why the information monster is getting something positive through some rebuilt ideas now instigating the unique structure of the evolving nature of the information.
Today, we look at the business, data, choice, and value/opportunity perspectives – from volume to rewards and volatility to mining and advisory that complement information evaluation, experience, and development (Joshi et al., 2017).
3.3 Chances of Big Data
Horrible data for governments on easy and invaluable recovery and assessment of relevant and immaterial data is critical for governments to meet and further drive the changing needs of public service tasks across organizations (Lucivero, 2020). Information continues to be carefully created and disclosed at an increasing pace driven by the push for open government, efforts to pacify the population, and program exchanges. Government affiliations began to provide significant advances in information to break outstanding primary records in science and examinations and as information mines to prevent criminals from putting on a show of fear and in addition to damaging waste, extortion, and abuse.
While government pioneers seek to create information-driven connections to achieve mission-fitting missions, critical data specialists set up structures to link and follow conditions across individuals, cycles, and data to ensure that the correct data are for the best individuals in many places (Kaufman et al. al., 2015) and clear opportunities.
Government affiliates should accept the leading framework in organizing this information and the media that provides the best access to where it is needed. More divisions, more intersections, more use cases, more objections, and above all, more highlights in selecting valuable and agile activities and options (Bingham & Conner, 2010). In the end, epic informational assessments – most of the change projects are automated and connected to
advancements such as artificial concerns are all about ease of work and life (Dooling &
Popper, 2016).
3.4 Big Data in Society
Appreciate the importance of creating big data in contemporary society and studying the hypotheses and practices of enormous information from a pronunciation and humanities point of view (Boyd & Crawford, 2012). Passing through large enlightenment settings that can be reviewed to uncover models, models, and affiliations, it is compelling about our existence step by step and how the information we create develops social, social, political, and financial cycles and the information clock (Brown & Duguid, 2017). As pointed out by Sampé et al. (2018), critical information is being used in many places and making the level of the work environment and boundary points and business processes more valuable than the monster information uniting client care, coordination of data development, deals, finance, asset segregation, reaction to data repair problems, drivers, human assets and work areas, and share associations. Exactly, all business processes. The shift to the cloud is driving the rise of AI programming AI is an area of mechanical thinking where improved network security, streamlined client experiences, and intelligent assistance, top Industry 4.0 use cases stand out (Ebert & Favaro, 2017).
3.5 Big Data for Policymaking
In some different years, there has been concern that big data can alleviate deficiencies about best techniques in strategy, i.e., that it can enlighten the dominant frameworks that cycle and lead government rather than a more adequate, more accommodating, and more like-minded public strategy. (Akter et al., 2016) Thus, policymakers and procedural proponents will always be able to provide data-driven discussion to design a firm strategy; everything thought is obtained through a robust definite assessment or judgment at that point (Sivarajah et al., 2017). In that sense, this type of enormous information advancement has opened up opportunities for strategists to have further information-driven data chunks into individual problems and allowed quantitative evaluation to attack the course of the action cycle much more than later in final memory. In addition, this mechanical reality has made the opportunity and need for more extraordinary, more diverse, and progress-driven strategies to monitor information change into procedural activities that pass careful standard checks (Wachter, 2010).
The other big model-political, not specific-that allows extraordinary information to enter the circle of public methods is the initial shot of government information, to be assertive, the interest in making government easier, more proficient, and responsive, which comes from the population is worth the push. Such as open government partnerships and reach a growing number of legislators who choose to disclose and make their information public (Stimson, 2018). To illustrate, developed country governments have paved the way for their big data by moving gov data and, through it, allowing the public to view, review, or enter public power data for data disclosure purposes. Right, when information is open and accessible, the public's freedom to apply it on various occasions, from the way businesses work to developing frameworks for viewing and assessing big data, becomes sustainable (Davenport, 2014).
3.6 Big Data for Sustainable Development
Data development goals of increasing open data on public services are increased unconditional support, new data correspondence encourages mixed information, and effects in extensive data transparency, close to increasing human-made scientific
capabilities and IoT now advancing society (Boling et al., 2012). Today, registration and information science movements make it possible to coherently process and separate extraordinary information. New data snippets collected from such information mining could enhance public services' official assessment and information framework, adding to the importance and fluency of data on human practices and encounters. Merging this new data with regular page data will make the best data clearer, more likable, and more prominent (Warren & Marz, 2015). Today, big data valuations are conventional in private, with consumer profiles, changing associations, and thoughtful judgments used to show, publish, and board. A comparable system can be used to obtain relevant pieces of data for individual well-being and to target aid mediation to small gatherings. New data sources such as satellite data, new advances, and quick new ways of thinking, whenever applied reliably, can connect evidence-based goals that are more skilled, capable, and even more quickly able to measure the progress of public services (Head, 2010).
3.7 Challange of Big Data
The inconvenience of retrieving Big Data in government environments faces various problems dealing with public services on extensive data because the government's usual storage space approach hinders data sharing and works across moderate cutoff focus (Oussous et al., 2018). The government also processes various data types (paper, electronic, natural media). IDC Government Insights research shows that there is also a risk of creating uniqueness and trends. The fundamental openness has begun to open between those who are data-rich and those who are less data-rich (Shackelford et al., 2017). Without development, a genuinely shocking imbalance would divide the world between those who knew and those who did not. Individuals are delimited from the new world of information and data by language, need guidance, absence of a framework for progress, distance or inclination, and division. A broad activity level is required, including establishing a cutoff focus, especially public service data (Constantine et al., 2010).
3.8 Focus on Big Data Apps
The place of combined big data in the public eye should not be exclusively on the unprecedented volume of data but instead on the value that affiliates from the public can limit (Richards & King, 2014). Leveraging advancements in machines, extensive data assessment shows value in many data. In essence, substantial data judgments are derived from data to anticipate how the public will act in the future. Human-made intelligence looks at the settings in the data set to consider possible express outcomes (Liu et al., 2017).
For example, an intelligent model uses anything that the public has had an extraordinary experience with to resolve the possibility of buying something unique, getting a specific infection, being influenced by a money-related model, or any other ideal outcome. While some may be undecided about the impact of big data on protection and security, the dire information stands to change society to encourage things further. Cutoffs and big data applications are essential in public services (Craig & Ludloff, 2011).
3.9 Government Opportunity on Data and Public Response
The first of these studies to focus on data management is from India's most famous state, Madhya Pradesh, which is a low-paying state with epic rates of all social events being avoided to showcase two data-centered drives that have prompted candor and further made data assistance development (Jat et al., 2011). This is the Chief Minister's dashboard working with data from multiple sources to drive evidence-based education and segments bound together to receive complaints related to all parts of government work (Greenhalgh
et al., 2014). Likewise, Barcelona made plans to consolidate information into the city's organization more than ten years ahead of time. The fantastic city is expected to span across different work environments, including water, energy, correspondence, lodging, and adaptability, anticipating an increase in individual personal satisfaction through mechanical advancements (Vosko et al., 2017).
Improvements are maintained with competent information structures gathering data from savvy resources and public affiliation total assumptions on making government more open and direct to attract tenants and provide absolute public autonomy (Lee & Kwak, 2012). Reports can be accessed in an art setting; government employees will earn almost an hour consistently. In addition, essentially 50% of government follow-up archives are printed, and in all significant matters, 40% of these printed archives are returned as modern reports (Barnekow et al., 2019). Big data and analytics are critical to accountable care success. IDC Health Insights. However, essentially digitizing the data satisfactory does not. IDC Government Insights research also shows that a quarter of government delegates cannot find or access the general data they need most of the time, suggesting that making open data in motorized plans is unsatisfactory and that records must be adequately recorded and followed to achieve this (Hoofnagle et al. al., 2019). The information mass market is overseeing a critical test for government managers, given that current exchange- based frameworks and storage space programs hinder data sharing and the disappointing progress of the process towards an information-driven.
Government leaders regularly have multiple incentives to exploit vast amounts of information (Laes et al., 2014). For example, chief data specialists need to assist the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) in the United States, board records, and eDiscovery, all while lowering costs, complying with regulatory and regulatory frameworks, and supporting the use of extensive information by pioneers and other affiliated directorates (Smallwood, 2019). Government watchdogs saw the importance of securing experience through reasonable allowance, recovery, and appraisal of titanic information. The need for government regulators to create, sustain, and manage a booming significant information climate prompts others to look to data store suppliers to help with their current and future needs (Doppelt & McDonough, 2017). The extreme financial planning combined with reliable government data generation and the shift to up-to-date data makes it imperative for government work environments to properly check their conventional and gigantic data collection of information (Tomkiewicz et al., 2010). Different affiliates re-evaluated standard collection points, appropriate fee transfers, and combined band procedures for proposed limits and scattered storage for extensive information data (Dimakis et al., 2010).
3.10 Inconveniences to Adopting Big Data in Public
A significant part of data freedom for the fundamental public must be protected to understand the possible outcomes that big data introduces – security, morale, and respect for the power of information. Suppose that the public concentrates on the differences in those around the system's potential benefits. Much new information is gleaned from individuals' general effects and articles powered by censorship or deciphered through assessments. Since the massive amount of information results from engaging events from live people, the launch is firm (Lyon, 2014). Individual data may not thoroughly secure affirmation. Hardening various datasets may affect people's re-obvious proof or get- togethers, introducing them to likely damages. Certified information security endeavors should be set up to upset information.
IV. Conclusion
Finally, we can describe the essential points of the study paper, which aims to identify the government's strategy in data-based and technology-based public services in terms of challenges and opportunities to advance public services and the government sector. Through evidence from various studies, we believe we have answered the core problem of this study, where along with increasingly advanced technology, the community's demands on the government in terms of the public partnership have also changed. This is because information and technology is not a very luxurious thing but has now become an excellent thing for both the government and the public in which the era of openness and the era where all technology has become the demands of the organization's parties are not left behind from the government which must provide services and which are transparent and effective.
The following is the crucial role of the points that we believe we have described in the results and discussion sections, among others, how technology can become a means for public services by the organs of resistant youth organizations in an increasingly progressive era with demands for productive and productive efficiency. Next is the ramification of big data among the government, how to make the data and information, not one or several people, become a public service where this is not an acceleration of public services to get controlled progress and. Next is how the government has served from the previous manual method to big data, circulating information through technology.
Furthermore, our presentation also concerns how big data is a desire and is essential for the public who need fast, precise services and mining pools in the four-point 0 industrial eras. The next point is the delta for government policymaking, where technology has enabled the government to be more fast and accurate. The findings of field study data make it easier for decision-makers to serve the public in the country's context. Then how will big data continue to be a developer of sustainable development where the reform era has been assisted by accelerated development through technology adoption so that sustainable development occurs? Furthermore, the adoption of technology that provides convenience is also an enormous challenge for the government so that the government can use all available means to solve problems that are still a big challenge in efforts to maximize public services.
Next is how the government, serving the public, focuses on big data such as using their respective and existing computers so that this big data is not only owned by a few people who say it becomes a public thing. The last thing is how the government sees bikini data as an opportunity to strengthen public services where when the world is changing and the progress is getting bigger, the public will also ask for super-fast and transparent services. We believe that the white-and-white exposure in the results section has ensured that we have successfully answered the efforts to identify a data technology-based public service strategy with the quality and update of the data. We also believe that this data service certainly has limitations and weaknesses; for that, we hope for the support and criticism of the parties for the improvement and improvement of studies in the future.
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