Implementation Dhampster Shafer Method to Diagnose Infected Patients Mers Cov Virus

(1)

The IJICS (International Journal of Informatics and Computer Science)

Vol 5 No 2, July 2021, Page 130-133 ISSN 2548-8384 (online), ISSN 2548-8449 (print)

Available Online at https://ejurnal.stmik-budidarma.ac.id/index.php/ijics/index DOI 10.30865/ijics.v5i2.3123

Copyright © 2021, Alwin Fau. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Page 130

Implementation Dhampster Shafer Method to Diagnose Infected Patients Mers Cov Virus

Alwin Fau¹, Mailani Safittri³, Anisa Puji Arni³ Prodi Teknik Informatika, Universitas Budi Darma, Medan, Indonesia

Email: ^1,*[email protected], ²[email protected], ³[email protected] Coressponding Author: ^1,*[email protected]

Submitted: 06/07/2021; Accepted: 26/07/2021; Published: 31/07/2021

Abstract−Mers Cov virus or often referred to as Covid-19 is a very language virus that can damage the respiratory system in humans.

This virus works very quickly and is able to develop and reproduce itself in the human body if the handling process is not fast. Various symptoms that can be caused by this virus attack are causing symptoms of fever, flu and shortness of breath so that it can cause people who have been infected with the virus to die. An expert system is a field of science in which a person's knowledge or expert will be stored in the system to make it easier to consult on the symptoms caused by the Mers Cov virus. The Dempster Shafer method is a method that works in the representation, combination or combination and distribution of uncertainty, where this theory has an institute nature according to the thinking pattern of an expert based on strong mathematics. This expert system is able to produce the same information as the decision of an expert who is able to diagnose someone whether the virus is infected with Mers Cov or not. With this expert system, it will make it easier to conduct consultations related to the symptoms of the mers cov virus virus The success rate of the Dhampster Shafer Method in diagnosing patients infected with Mers Cov Virus has a percentage of 0.8 or 8%.

Keywords: Expert Systems; Dempster Shafer; Virs Mers Cov

1. INTRODUCTION

The mers cov virus is a very dangerous virus that can and can cause someone to die. The way the mer cov virus works is by attacking the respiratory system in humans. The mers cov virus is able to develop and reproduce itself quickly in the human body if the handling is not fast. The Mers Cov virus became known in 2019. The mers cov virus was first known in a country, namely wuhan-china. The mers corv virus is still ongoing. The mers cov virus has infected the whole world and even nearly 50% of the population and citizens are infected and died from the mers cov virus. The negative side caused by the Mers Cov virus is that the social and economic aspects of society have drastically declined. Until now, the World Health Organization has not found a vaccine or drug that can cure people with the Mers Cov virus. The design of an expert system in order to help reduce the anxiety of the public, patients who have symptoms, and also of course can assist medical personnel in diagnosing the symptoms of the Mers Cov virus felt by these patients[1][2][3]. An expert system is a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) which aims to emulate all aspects (Emulates) of an expert's decision making ability. Expert systems make maximum use of special knowledge like an expert to solve a problem. Expert systems can be synonymous with knowledge-based systems or knowledge-based expert systems[4][5].

Based on Athena's research, she said that since WHO raised the global Covid-19 status to a pandemic, the Indonesian government has made efforts to increase vigilance, especially in terms of handling and preventing the spread of cases, by issuing Covid-19 Handling Protocols for various sectors[6][7]. The spread of the Mers Cov virus not only has an impact on the social and economic aspects but also has an impact on the quality of education, especially in Indonesia. Based on research conducted by Ogunode Niyi Jacob, 100% of respondents agree that the Mers Cov virus will affect all activities in the world of education and research[8][9][10]. With the MERS Cov virus, there is a sense of anxiety in the community and patients when experiencing fewer symptoms than this virus, even though they are not infected with the Mers Covid virus. The anxiety experienced by the patient will create a sense of distrust, distrust and also seek solutions to these symptoms.

The expert system that will be built is used specifically for patients who experience and are suspected of being infected with the mers civ virus, the expert system that will be built can be used to diagnose disease patients who may have symptoms of the mers cov virus, the expert system that will be built will apply the dempster shafer method in performing virus diagnosis and an expert system that will be built will produce information on the symptoms of the mers cov virus.

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1 Research Stage

In conducting this research, the authors collect data by performing several stages, namely:

a. Field Research

At this stage the authors perform several methods such as observation and interviews to obtain data.

b. Literatur Research

At this stage, the author reads the literature related to previous research that has been carried out by several experts, andread books related to expert systems and the dhamster shafer method[11]

c. Analysis and Testing Stages

(2)

The IJICS (International Journal of Informatics and Computer Science) Vol 5 No 2, July 2021, Page 130-133

Alwin Fau, Implementation Dhampster Shafer Method to Diagnose Infected Patients Mers Cov Virus

Page 131 at this stage the author uses 6 symptom data that will be used to analyze and diagnose the covid virus disease d. Stage of Determinition of Result and Resume

Figure 1. Research Stage 2.2 Dempster Shafer

The Dempster Shafer method was first introduced by Dempster, who experimented with uncertainty models with a range of probabilities rather than a single probability. In 1976, Shafer published Dempster's theory in a book entitled Athematical Theory of Evident. Dempster-Shafer theory is a method of uncertainty in the form of a mathematical theory to prove the function of belief and plausible reasoning which is used to classify some information in the form of evidence of the possibility of an event. In general, the Dempster-Shafer theory is written in an interval[12][13]

[Belief, Plausibility] (1) 1. Belief

Belief (Bel) is a measure of the strength of evidence (symptoms) in supporting a subset. If it is 0 then it indicates that there is no evidence, and if it is 1, it indicates certainty[14]

2. Plausibility

Plausibility is also 0 to 1, if we believe in –s, it can be said that Bel(-s)=1, and Pl(-s)=0. Plausibility reduces the level of trustworthiness of the evidence. Our Dempster-Shafer theory recognizes the frame of discernment which is denoted by mass and mass function which is denoted[15]. This frame is the universe of conversation from a set of hypotheses, so it is called the environment. Plausibility (Pl) is denoted as:

[Pl(s) = 1 – Bel(-s)] (2) 3. Mass Function

Mass function in dempster shafer theory is the level of confidence of an evidence measure so that it is denoted by (m). To overcome some of the evidence on the Dempster Shafer theory, use a rule better known as Dempster's Rule of Combination. Where:

𝑚3(𝑍) = ∑ 𝑥 ∩ 𝑦 = 𝑧 𝑚1(𝑋). 𝑀2(𝑌) 1 − 𝐾

𝐾 = ∑_𝑥∩𝑦= ∅ 𝑚1 (𝑋). 𝑚2 (𝑌) (3) m1(X) is the mass function of evidence X.

m2(Y) is the mass function of evidence Y.

m3(Z) is the mass function of evidence Z.

K is the number of conflict evidence.

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Symptoms of the MERS-CoV virus were obtained based on the results of data collection and searches conducted by researchers, then it was confirmed to experts that these symptoms were actually experienced by patients with the MERS- CoV virus. Analysis using the Dempster Shafer method is applied to obtain the results of the diagnosis of the mers cov virus by classifying information in the form of symptoms and hypotheses. The following is an example of a case of the Dempster Shafer method, a patient who consults for a diagnosis of being infected with the Mers Cov virus by feeling the symptoms and choosing the weight of the certainty value as follows:

Table 1. Types of disease and symptoms

The type of disease Symptom Weight Value

Corona Virus (CCovid-19)

Fever 0,3

Cough 0,4

Abnormal Breathing 0,2

Thick phlegm 0,3

Weak Body 0,3

Field Research

Literatur Risearch

Analitysis dan Testing Stage

Determination Of Research Result and Resume

(3)

Page 132 The type of disease Symptom Weight Value

Rays of the Lungs 0,7

Common Cold Coughs 0,4

Nasal congestion 0,2

Sneeze-Clean 0,3

Sore throat 0,4

Throat discomfort 0,2

Based on the symptom data obtained from the results of the study, it can be traced the results of the diagnosis in the form of the disease and the expected solution. To get good results, you must first create a search budget. The following is the data on the symptoms of the corona virus which is formed into codes and formed into a rule

Table 2. Types of disease and symptoms

Symptom Code Symptom Corona Virus

(CCovid-19)

Common Cold

G1 Fever  

G2 Cough  

G3 Abnormal

Breathing

 

G4 Thick phlegm  

G5 Weak Body  

G6 Rays of the Lungs  

3.1 Shafer's Dempster Method

To find and calculate the value of the Dempster Shafer (DS) method of selected corona virus disease using the believe value that has been determined for each symptom. Pl(Ɵ) = 1 –Bel Where the value of the bell (believe) is the weight value inputted by the expert.

G1 (Symptom 1) = Fever Mi (C, F) = {0,3 0,3}

= 1-0,3

= 0,7 G2 (Symptom 2 ) = Cough

Mi (C) = {0,7}

= 1-0,7

= 0,3

Recalculate the new density value for each subset of the function with the density function M3 Combination rules for M3. So it can be calculated:

M2 (C,F) = ^0,4+0,3

1− 0,3 = 1

M3 (Ѳ) = ^0,4

1− 0,3 = 0,7

G3 (Symptom 3) = Abnormal Breathing M4 (C, F) = {0,3 0,2}

= 1-0,3 = 0,7

Recalculate the new density value for each subset of the function with the density function M5 Combination rules for M5.

So it can be calculated:

M5 (C,F) = ^0,2+0,2

1− 0,7

= 1,3

G4 (Symptom 4) = Thick phlegm M5 (C, F) = {0,3 0,3}

= 1-0,3 = 0,7

Based on the symptoms and the calculation of the final value, there are 3 values obtained, namely {0.7}, {07}, {1.3} and from these values, the strongest or highest density value is {1.3} contained in M5 {C}.

Table 3. Symptoms And Weight Symptom Weight Value

Fever 0,7

Cough 0,3

Abnormal Breathing 0,7

Thick phlegm 1,3

(4)

Page 133 Table 4. Calculation Results with the Dempster Shafer method

No Sufferer Symptoms experienced Diagnostic Results

1 P1 Fever

Cough

Abnormal Breathing Thick phlegm

Corona Virus

2 P2 Cough

Abnormal Breathing Thick phlegm

Common Cold

3 P3 Fever

Cough

Common Cold

4 P4 Abnormal Breathin

Thick phlegm

Common Cold

4. CONCLUSION

Based on the calculation results of the Dempster Shafer method by combining 3 symptoms, the maximum value of each symptom combination to get a diagnosis of sepsis is 0.8 or 8%. The percentage of conclusions proves that the patient is most likely infected with the mers cov virus.

REFERENCES

[1] L. S. Lesmana, “Sistem Pakar Dengan Metode Forward Chaining Untuk Diagnosa Pasien Yang Terinfeksi Virus Mers Cov ( Studi Kasus Di Rsup M.Djamil Padang),” CBIS J., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 49–65, 2015.

[2] A. H. Aji, M. T. Furqon, and A. W. Widodo, “Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Ibu Hamil Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor ( CF ),” J. Pengemb. Teknol. Inf. dan Ilmu Komput., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 2127–2134, 2018, [Online]. Available: http://j- ptiik.ub.ac.id/index.php/j-ptiik/article/view/1556.

[3] M. F. Ghozali and A. Eviyanti, “Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Dini Penyakit Leukimia Dengan Metode ‘Certainty Factor,’” Kinetik, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 135, 2016, doi: 10.22219/kinetik.v1i3.122.

[4] Farajula, “Sistem Pakar Deteksi Dini Gangguan Kecemasan (Anxiety) Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining Berbasis Web,”

JSTIE (Jurnal Sarj. Tek. Inform., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–19, 2019, doi: 10.12928/jstie.v7i1.15800.

[5] D. T. Yuwono, A. Fadlil, and S. Sunardi, “Comparative Analysis of Dempster-Shafer Method and Certainty Factor Method On Personality Disorders Expert Systems,” Sci. J. Informatics, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 12–22, 2019, doi: 10.15294/sji.v6i1.17216.

[6] E. Laelasari and T. Puspita, “DOI : https://doi.org/10.22435/jek.v19i1.3146 PELAKSANAAN DISINFEKSI DALAM PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN COVID- 19 DAN POTENSI RISIKO TERHADAP KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA Implementation of Disifection in Prevention of Covid-19 Transmission and Its Potential Health Risk,” pp. 1–20, 2020.

[7] P. S. Ramadhan and U. F. S. Pane, “Analisis Perbandingan Metode (Certainty Factor, Dempster Shafer dan Teorema Bayes) untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Inflamasi Dermatitis Imun pada Anak,” J. SAINTIKOM (Jurnal Sains Manaj. Inform. dan Komputer), vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 151–157, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://ojs.trigunadharma.ac.id/index.php/jis/article/view/38.

[8] O. N. Jacob, “Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic School Close Down on the Research Programme of Higher Institutions,” Int. J.

Adv. Data Inf. Syst., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 40–49, 2020, doi: 10.25008/ijadis.v1i1.189.

[9] E. D. Rikhiana and A. Fadlil, “Penyakit Dalam Pada Manusia Menggunakan Metode,” J. Sarj. Tek. Inform., vol. 1, no. 1, pp.

2338–5197, 2013, [Online]. Available:

http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=123633&val=5555&title=IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT DALAM PADA MANUSIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEMPSTER SHAFER.

[10] 69–74. http://e-jurnal.pelitanusantara.ac.id/index.php/JIPN/article/view/293 Panjaitan, I. L. K., Panggabean, E., & Sulindawaty, S. (2018). Analisis Perbandingan Metode Dempster Shafer dengan Metode Certainty Factor Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Stroke.

Journal Of Informatic Pelita Nusantara, 3(1) and 127–140. https://doi.org/10.33322/kilat.v8i2.602 Suwarno, A., Husin, I., &

Zenni, U. E. (2019). Aplikasi Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Gangguan Kepribadian Pada Remaja Dengan Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor (CF). Kilat, 8(2), “Analisis Perbandingan Metode Dempster Shafer dengan Metode Certainty Factor Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Stroke,” J. Inform. Pelita Nusant., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 69–74, 2018, [Online]. Available: http://e- jurnal.pelitanusantara.ac.id/index.php/JIPN/article/view/293.

[11] K. E. Setyaputri, A. Fadlil, and S. Sunardi, “Analisis Metode Certainty Factor pada Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit THT,” J.

Tek. Elektro, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 30–35, 2018, doi: 10.15294/jte.v10i1.14031.

[12] A. Ayu and N. A. Hasibuan, “Implementasi Metode Dempster Shafer Pada Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Sepsis,” KOMIK (Konferensi Nas. Teknol. Inf. dan Komputer), vol. I, no. 1, pp. 154–160, 2017.

[13] A. Suwarno, I. Husin, and U. E. Zenni, “Aplikasi Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Gangguan Kepribadian Pada Remaja Dengan Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor (CF),” Kilat, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 127–140, 2019, doi: 10.33322/kilat.v8i2.602.

[14] H. Nahumury, A. Mulyani, and H. Nurdin, “SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT VIRUS CORONA ( COVID-19 ) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEMPSTER-SHAFER JISAMAR ( Journal of Information System , Applied , Management , Accounting and Researh ) p-ISSN : 2598-8700 ( Printed ) JISAMAR ( Journal of Info,” vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 207–214, 2020.

[15] C. Factor, “JurnalMantik,” vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 2127–2134, 2020.