DESCRIPTION. - Cephalon almost two-thirds length of pereonite 1, with large dorsolateral eyes, impressed sliding line behind eyes plus irregular, shallow dorsal pits; lateral border a rounded ridge. Antennular peduncle 4-segmented, basal segment subequal in length to three distal segments together, fourth segment very short, obliquely placed at third apex; flagellum reduced, of two articles. Antennal peduncle 5-segmented, second segment grooved to accommodate antenna; flagellum reduced, of four articles, basal article subequal in length to distal articles together.
REMARKS.—Apanthura xenocheir Stebbing, 1910, recorded in the Seychelles, the place nearest the present stations, differs from A. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific name microps is a Greek word meaning "small eye" and refers to this characteristic of the species . REMARKS.— No differences could be detected between the present material and the South African specimens compared to the type by Barnard.
Antennular peduncle 4-segmented, basal segment broad, subequal in length to second and third segments combined; minutes of the fourth segment; flagellum of 2 articles, short distal article with three setae and few setae. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, basal segment about half length of second segment; Third segment two-thirds length of second segment, with elongate strongly toothed spine and three shorter finely toothed spines; three cup cutter; ladnia with 12 or 13 teeth; molar narrowly triangular.
FIGURE 4.—Alloanthura sculpta, new genus, new species: a, holotype in dorsal view; b, cephalon and pereonites 1 and 2 in lateral view; c, pereonite 7 and plcon in lateral view; d, antenna;
Hind pereopods with toothed distal sensory spine and single sensory spine on posterior margin of propodus; carpus triangular, propodus slightly inferior, with short distal sensory spine. Uropodal exopod narrowly lanceolate, almost reaching mid-length of endopod, with simple distal setae and proximal fringed setae; endopod extending beyond telson, with numerous, elongated, simple setae distally. Female: antennular peduncle 4-segmented, fourth segment one-fourth length of third; flagellum of two articles.
Telson thin, lanceolate, apically narrowly rounded, with a single very large median statocyst opening on the dorsal surface. Antennular stalk 4-segmented, basal segment widest and longest, distal segment short; flagellum of two articles, terminal article small. Antennal peduncle 5-segmented, second segment grooved to accommodate the antenna; flagellum of six articles.
Mandibular palp 3-segmented, middle segment longest, with single elongated distal seta; terminal segment with four finely toothed spines; incisor of two cusps, outer cusps notched distally; lacinia with. Jaw with thin-walled endite on inner surface, punctuated with two fine setae; palp of six segments, third segment short, oblique; terminal segment obliquely placed on outer distal margin of penultimate segment, with five simple setae.
FIGURE 10.—Diaphoranthura cracens, new genus, new species: a, $ in dorsal view; b, antennule
ETYMOLOGY.—The specific name is the Latin word meaning "slender," describing the general body shape. Pleonites free, 1-5 unequal in length, pleonite 6 slightly longer, with middorsal cleft in posterior margin. ETYMOLOGY.—The generic name is derived from the Greek exallos (very different) plus anthos (a flower).
Antennular peduncle three-segmented, basal segment broadest and longest; flagellum of two articles, distal article about one-fourth length of proximal, with three aesthetascs. Antennal peduncle 5-segmented, second segment grooved to accommodate antenna; flagellum of two articles, the terminal article very short. Mandibular palp of one segment, with one terminal and one subterminal seta; molar with broad base tapering to rounded tip; incisor wide, individual cusps not visible, strongly sclerotized; lacinia lying parallel to incision, with four large triangular denticles distally and cluster of several minute denticles proximally.
Pereopode 1, unguis one-third length of dactyl, with short blunt spine at base; palm of propodus straight, median surface with distal spines. ETYMOLOGY. The specific name refers to the six pairs of legs this species possesses (rather than the more common seven pairs). Antennular stalk 4-segmented, fourth segment short; flagellum of four articles, basal article as long as three distal articles together.
Antenna stalk 5-segmented, fifth segment as long as third and fourth together; flagellum of five articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, terminal segment with 12 serrated spines; incisor of three cusps; lacinia with five serrations; molar blunt, rounded.
FIGURE 12.—Diaphoranthura hapla, new genus, new species: a, $ in dorsal view; b, antennule;
Antennal oblong-slender, three proximal peduncular segments equal in length, basal segment widest, fourth segment one-third as long as third; flagellum of six articles, with few esthetics distally. Antenna slender-oblong, stalk 5-segmented, two proximal segments unequal in length, third segment shorter, fourth twice length of third, fifth longer but more slender than fourth;. Maxilliped very elongate-slender, about 14 times longer than wide, 7-segmented, terminal segment small, penultimate segment longest.
Uropodal exopod posteriorly folded over telson, bipartite, consisting of elongate, spike-like dorsal section, serrated basally, and rounded ventral section; endopod oval, distally acute, margin dentate, reaching telesonic apex. REMARKS - The mouthparts of this species are obviously adopted for either a specialized food or form of feeding. The maxilla is also columnar and curved distally toward the midline, with the teeth meeting just below the mandibular cups.
The maxiliped has lost its usual role as a ventral shield or plate protecting the mouthparts; it is slender and delicate and, with the few terminal setae it possesses, probably plays only a sensory role in feeding. ETYMOLOGY. The specific name is derived from the Greek word anomalos (unusual, abnormal or inconsistent) and refers to the mouthparts.
FIGURE 17.—Heteranthura anomala, new genus, new species: a, holotype in dorsal view; b, cepha- cepha-lon in lateral view; c, pleon in dorsal view; d, maxilla; e, mandible; /, maxilliped; g, lower lip
Paul and Menzies, 1971 (of which M. cumanensis Paul and Menzies, 1971, is a synonym), possesses a unicarinate rather than tricarinate telson. ETYMOLOGY.—The holotype of this species was caught in the mouth of the harbor of the harbor of Mombasa in East Africa, hence the specific name. REMARK.—Whether all the above-cited records refer to the same species is open to doubt.
What all data have in common is a pattern consisting of a solid, dorsal pigment spot on the cephalon, pereon, pleon and telson. However, Pillai's figure of the first pereopod does not show a rounded setose lobe on the propodal palm, while his figure of the pleon in dorsal view shows two incomplete sutures. The current specimens do have a proximal constriction on the pleon, but no sutures are visible in dorsal view.
Antennular pedicel with basal segment widest and longest; fourth segment very short; flagellum of two articles. Antennal pedicel with second segment widest and longest, third segment short; flagellum of three (possibly four) articles.
Strong, almost solid band on cephalon, just posterior to eyes; scattered chromatophores on per-
Two irregular longitudinal bands on cephalon, pereon, and pleon, linked anteriorly on pereonites
Broad almost solid band across cephalon just posterior to eyes; irregular patch on pereonites and PREVIOUS RECORDS.—St. Paul and Amsterdam Islands, south Indian Ocean; Walter's Shoal, southwest Indian Ocean. Pleonies free, 1-4 subequal, short; pleonite 5 twice length of 4, with strong dorsolateral fringe of plumose setae; pleonite 6 slightly longer than 5, with middorsal lobe rounded at posterior end. Mandibular palpi 3-segmented, second segment longest, first and third subequal; distal segment armed with four spines; three cup cutter; molar reduced to slight swelling; lacinia with four large denticles and several fine proximal spinules.
FIGURE 22.—Mesanthura protei, new species: a, b, c, ? $ showing 3 color patterns; d, antennule;
Account of some Amphipoda, Isopoda and Tanaidacea in the collections of the Indian Museum. Contributions from the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa, 12: Further additions to the Tanaidacea, Isopoda and Amphipoda, together with keys to the identification of the hithero-recorded marine and freshwater species. Fauna of Isopoda and Tanaidacea in the littoral zones of the Antarctic and Subantarctic waters.
Systematics and distribution of an estuarine Isopod crustacean, Cyathura polita (Stimpson, 1855), new comb, from the Gulf and Atlantic coasts of the United States. Subtidal Isopods from the Fosa de Cariaco, Venezuela, with descriptions of two new genera and twelve new species. Manuscripts intended for serial publication receive substantive review within their original Smithsonian museums or offices and are submitted to the Smithsonian Institution Press with approval of the appropriate museum authority on Form SI-36.
Formal tables (numbered, with table heads, frames, stubs, rules) should be submitted as camera copy, but the author should contact the Press Serials Department for editorial and preparation assistance before final typing of this issue. Synonymy in zoology and paleobiology series should use the short form (taxon, author, year:page), with the full reference at the end of the paper under "Literature Cited". Footnotes, if few, whether footnotes or bibliographical, should be typed at the bottom of the text page on which the reference appears.
Use the colon and parenthesis system for volume/number/page references.For alignment and arrangement of elements, consider the format of the series for which the manuscript is intended. Legends for illustrations should not accompany the artwork or be included in the text, but should be submitted at the end of the manuscript—with as many legends typed, double-spaced, per page as appropriate.
