The Influence of the Number of Employees and Revenue on Employee Productivity during Covid-19 Pandemic in

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The Influence of the Number of Employees and Revenue on Employee Productivity during Covid-19 Pandemic in

the Project of PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur

Widiantara, Koespiadi, Helmy Darjanto, Fredy Kurniawan Civil Engineering Study Program, Narotama Surabaya University widiantara@pttjs.com , koespadi@narotama.ac.id fredy@narotama.ac.id ,

helmy.darjanto@narotama.ac.id

Abstract

Companies have a variety of instruments to achieve their goals. The instrument that occupies the main position is Human Resources, where humans are the most important driving factor of the company's wheels. The full attention of the company provides an opportunity for every Human Resource or employee to try to develop themselves and improve performance in order to support company activities in realizing the goals that have been set. How employees can work in the best possible way, effectively, efficiently and have high motivation based on the number of employees and revenue that can be achieved in a project handled by a project team. So, this study aims to show how significant the effect of the number of employees and revenue achieved per month and or per year on work productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results of the analysis, the value of the multiple linear regression equation is Y = 16.768 + 0.208X1 + 0.074X2, while for the multiple correlation results it produces a value of 0.321 which has a low effect on productivity. The simultaneous significant relationship is carried out by calculating the F test value of 11.6950 > 3.04. And based on the T test obtained 3.205 > 1,645 then Ho is rejected, meaning that individually there is a significant influence bet ween the number of employees on productivity and 1.577 < 1,645 is obtained, then Ho is accepted, meaning that individually there is no significant influence between revenue on productivity.

Keywords:

COVID-19, Employees, Human Resources, Revenue, Work Productivity.

1. Introduction

The company has a wide variety of instruments to achieve its goals. These instruments include natural resources (raw materials), human resources (labor), technology and capital. The instrument that occupies the main position is Human Resources, where humans are the most important driving factor of the company's wheels. As technology changes so fast, free market competition, and the influence of the world economic crisis as happened at this time, in late 2019 the world community was shaken by the pandemic virus known as viral corona, in medical terms is referred to as the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Based on facts that happen in some project, there are symptoms that tend to decrease the work productivity of employees. Revenue is the main activity of the company and the net profit that is obtained from business activities within a certain period of time. Productivity is required for PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur as a construction company that prioritizes product quality for consumers.

2. Literature Review

Employee productivity is the ratio between the results achieved with the participation of employee per unit time (Ravianto, 1986). Productivity is required for PT Tunas Jaya Sanur as a construction company that prioritizes product quality for consumers. If the competition requires companies to provide services with results in line with consumer demand and also with the best quality. Without the work productivity of employees as the main actors in construction activities, this would be impossible to achieve. The influence of the number of employees and revenue on employee productivity during this pandemic can be analyzed to determine its value.

3. Research Methodology

The method in this study begins with primary and secondary data collection, where after the data i s collected, it is continued by compiling a questionnaire. After the questionnaire is completed, then it is followed with testing the questionnaire, using validity and reliability tests. If the questionnaire has passed the test, the questionnaire is ready to be distributed, but if it does not pass it needs to be rearranged. After the questionnaire is distributed and getting respondents, then the data is analyzed using data tabulation, regression analysis, correlation analysis, F-test, and T-test to get the results of the research which will then become a conclusion and suggestions.

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START

Determine the Ideas

Literature Review

Problem Identification

Data Collection

Primary Data

• Questionnaire result

• Number of employees

• Revenue data

• Productivity data

Secondary Data

• Previous journals and research

Preparation of the Questionnaire

Validity and Reliability Test Revise the Questionnaire

No

Distribute the Questionnaire Yes

Data Analysis

• Data Tabulation

• Multiple linier regression analysis

• Multiple correlation analysis

• F-Test

• T-Test

Result

Conclusions and Suggestions

END

Figure 1 Research Methodology

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4. Disscusion

4.1. Data

1. Number of Active Employees

Table 1. Number of Employees

No. Branch Total in 2020

1. Denpasar 262

2. Mataram 36

3. Jakarta 85

4. Batam 43

TOTAL 426

Source: PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur (2020)

The number of employees who are still active in the PT Tunas Jaya Sanur from the Denpasar Branch, Mataram Branch, Jakarta Branch, and Batam Branch is 426.

2. Revenue Value

Table 2. Revenue

No. Branch Revenue in 2019 Revenue in 2020

1. Denpasar 780.790.000.000 565.381.386.436

2. Mataram 91.220.000.000 6.081.006.609

3. Jakarta 48.470.000.000 60.263.947.189

4. Batam 9.100.000.000 136.425.005.768

Total 929.580.000.000 768.151.346.002

The revenue value from Tunas Jaya Sanur in 2019 was 929,580,000,000, while in 2020 there was a decrease in revenue to 768,151,346,002.

3. Productivity Value

Table 3. Employees Productivity

No. Branch Productivity in 2019 Productivity in 2020

1. Denpasar 1.470.414.313 1.047.002.567

2. Mataram 1.546.101.695 89.426.568

3. Jakarta 745.692.308 573.942.354

4. Batam 433.333.333 2.526.388.996

Total 1.375.118.343 1.001.501.103

The productivity value of PT Tunas Jaya Sanur employees in 2019 was 1,375,118,343, while in 2020 there was a decrease to 1,001,501,103.

4.2. Validity and Reliability Test a. Validity Test

1) Validity Test Variable X1

Table 4. SPSS Result Variable X1 Correlation

X 1_1 X 1_2 X 1_3 X 1_4 X 1_5 Total_skor Total_skor Pearson Correlation 828" 688" 511" 853" 784" 1

Sig. (2-tailes) 000 000 000 000 000

N 30 30 30 30 30 30

a. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed) b. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)

Based on table 4.4, the results of the SPSS 25 output from each statement on variable x meet the requirements, with the number of respondents being 30 people. From these calculations, the variable x validity test shows that r Count > r Table (0.361), then the questionnaire is declared valid.

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60 2) Validity Test Variable X2

X 2_1 X 2_2 X 2_3 X 2_4 X 2_5 Total_skor Total_skor Pearson Correlation 792" 917" 916" 963" 839" 1

Sig. (2-tailes) 000 000 000 000 000

N 30 30 30 30 30 30

a. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)

Based on table 4.5, the results of the SPSS 25 output from each statement on variable x meet the requirements, with the number of respondents being 30 people. From these calculations, the variable x validity test shows that r Count > r Table (0.361), then the questionnaire is declared valid.

3) Validity Test Variable Y

Y 2_1 Y 2_2 Y 2_3 Y 2_4 Y 2_5 Total_skor Total_skor Pearson Correlation 786" 793" 710" 648" 724" 1

Sig. (2-tailes) 000 000 000 000 000

N 30 30 30 30 30 30

a. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)

Based on table 4.6, the results of the SPSS 25 output from each statement on variable x meet the requirements, with the number of respondents being 30 people. From these calculations, the variable Y validity test shows that r Count > r Table (0.361), then the questionnaire is declared valid.

b. Reliability Test

1) Reliability Test Variable X1

Table 7. Reliability Test Result Variable X1 Case Processing Summary

N %

Cases Valid 30 100.0

Excluded 0 0

Total 30 100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all Variabels in the procedure Table 8. Reliabilit Statics X1

Reliabilit Statics

Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

797 5

Based on table 8, the results of the SPSS 25 output from each statement on variable x meet the requirements, with the number of respondents being 30 people. From these calculations, the reliability test results for variable x show that the Cronbach Alpha value is ≥ 0.7, namely 0.797. Then the results of the reliability test for variable X are declared reliable.

2) Reliability Test Variable X2

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Table 9. Reliability Test Result Variable X2 Case Processing Summary

N %

Excluded 0 0

Total 30 100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all Variabels in the procedure

Table 10. Reliabilit Statics X2 Reliabilit Statics

929 5

Based on table 4.8, the results of the SPSS 25 output from each statement on variable x meet the requirements, with the number of respondents being 30 people. From these calculations, the reliability test results for variable x show that the Cronbach Alpha value is ≥ 0.7, namely 0.929. Then the reliability test results for the X2 variable are declared reliable.

3) Reliability Test Variable Y

Table 11. Reliability Test Result Variable Y Case Processing Summary

N %

Excluded 0 0

Total 30 100.0

a. Listwise deletion based on all Variabels in the procedure

Table 12 Reliabilit Statics Y Reliabilit Statics

929 5

Based on table 12, the results of the SPSS 25 output from each statement on variable x meet the requirements, with the number of respondents being 30 people. From these calculations, the reliability test results for variable x show that the Cronbach Alpha value is ≥ 0.7, namely 0.929. Then the reliability test results for the X2 variable are declared reliable.

4.3. Data Analysis Techniques and Discussion a. Data Tabulation

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Table 13. Data Tabulation

No X1 X2 Y X12 X22 Y2 X1.X2 X1.Y X2.Y

1 17 12 17 289 144 289 204 289 204

2 13 20 22 169 400 484 260 286 440

3 22 20 23 484 400 529 440 506 460

4 15 11 23 225 121 529 165 345 253

5 16 20 20 256 400 400 320 320 400

6 13 10 22 169 100 484 130 286 220

7 16 19 22 256 361 484 304 352 418

8 17 21 25 289 441 625 357 425 525

9 15 11 23 225 121 529 165 345 253

10 13 13 17 169 169 289 169 221 221

. . . .

206 16 18 20 256 324 400 288 320 360

Ʃ 3336 3286 4393 55968 56124 95091 54535 71644 70625

a. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis

Table 14. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Coefficients^a

Model

Unstandardizes Coefficients

Standardized Coefficients

t Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 16.768 .961 17.444 .000

Jumlah Karyawan .208 .065 .245 3.205 .002

Revenue .074 .047 .120 1.577 .116

a. Dependent Variabel: Produktivitas

The above equation is then analyzed, and the results show that the employee productivity without variables is 16.768. Meanwhile, if each respondent's answer increases by 10 points for the two independent variables (X1 and X2 = 10) then, it is estimated that it will increase to:

Y = 16,768 + 0,208(10) + 0,074(10) Y = 16,768 + 2,08 + 0,74

Y = 19,588

b. Multiple Correlation Analysis

Table 15. Multiple Correlation Analysis Model Summary

Modal R R Square

Adjusted R Square

Std. Error of the Estimate

1 .321² .103 .094 2.495

a. Predictors: (Constant), Revenue, Jumlah Karyawan b. Dependent Variabel: Produktivitas

Based on the results of statistical calculations and the table together, it shows a low relationship of R = 0.321 between the independent variables (number of employees and revenue) to the dependent variable (productivity).

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63 c. F-Test (Model Reliability Test)

Table 16. F-Test ANOVA^a

Modal Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1 Regression 145.600 2 72.800 11.695 000^b

Residual 1263.608 203 6.225

Total 1409.209 205

b. Predictors: (Constant), Revenue, Jumlah Karyawan d. T-Test

Table 17. T-Test

Model Unstandardizes Coefficients Standardized Coefficients

t Sig.

B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 16.768 .961 17.444 .000

Jumlah Karyawan .208 .065 .245 3.205 .002

Revenue .074 .047 .120 1.577 .116

4.4. Productivity Enhancement Solutions to Increase Revenue

In an effort to increase employees work productivity, not only relying on the quality of the products produced, but companies or institutions also need to pay attention to factors t hat affect employee productivity, such as the influence of salary/wage satisfaction, working conditions and service programs for employees.

Thereby PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur held an employee satisfaction survey, this survey was conducted in order to better understand the needs and desires of its employees so that employees can feel more satisfied or feel more cared for during this pandemic therefore they can increase their productivity.

Survey Result:

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5. Conclusions and Suggestions

5.1. Conclusion

Based on the results of the analysis of the number of employees (variable x1), revenue (variable x2), and employee productivity (variable y), so it can be concluded by looking at the results of data analysis on the company as follows:

1. A decrease in the value of project revenue occurs when the company is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2019 the revenue value was 929,580,000,000, but when affected by the pandemic, the revenue value in 2020 decreased to 768,151,346,002.

2. The decline in the value of project productivity occurred when companies were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2019, the productivity value was 1,375,118,343, but when affected by the pandemic, the productivity value in 2020 decreased to 1,001,501,103.

3. Based on the results of the calculation of multiple linear regression analysis, it is known that work productivity is affected by the number of employees and revenue, the equation: Y = 16.768 + 0.208X1 + 0.0742X2. To test the significance of the simultaneous multiple regression equations F Test is used, where F count = 11.69 and obtained F table = 3.04. Thus, F count> F table then working hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. Therefore, it simultaneously said that there is a significant simultaneously effect between the independent variables (number of employees and revenue) to the dependent variable (productivity) of the employees on the PT.

Tunas Jaya Sanur project.

The amount of contribution made by the variable number of employees and revenue to the productivity of the employees of the project division at PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur (R) = 32.1% while the remaining 68% is affected by other factors not examined in this study. This means that the level of employee work productivity is also determined by the number of employees and revenue. This means that the level of employee work productivity is also determined by the number of employees and revenue.

a. Number of Employees

Because the value of t count> t table (3.205> 1.645), Ho is rejected, meaning that individually there is a significant influence between the number of employees on productivity.

b. Revenue

Because the value of t count <t table (1.577 <1.645), Ho is accepted, meaning that individually there is no significant influence between revenue on productivity.

4. An acceptance as a reward from the employer to the employee for a job or service that has been and will be performed, serves as a guarantee of proper survival for humanity and production, expressed or valued in the form of money determined according to an agreement, laws and regulations and paid based of an employment agreement between the employer and the employee. Companies need to pay more attention to the existence of employees so that employee loyalty is also high. The company is also trying to find out t he background of the decline in employee productivity, one of which is the problem in providing employee wages. In giving wages, pay attention to whether the wages have met the minimum needs, besides that the wage and salary factors also influence whether or not employee productivity is good. PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur conducted an employee satisfaction survey in order to better understand the needs and desires of its employees so that employees can feel more satisfied or feel more cared for during this pandemic so that they can increase their productivity.

5.2. Suggestion

Based on the conclusions from the study results above, which show that the number of employees has a more dominant influence than revenue, the researchers suggest the following:

1. In order to improve the work productivity of employees at PT. Tunas Jaya Sanur, it can increase the variable number of active employees. Efforts to increase the number of employees should be done immediately but also pay attention to social distancing and health protocols. By reactivating employees who had been laid off, it is hoped that it can increase employee productivity so that they can achieve the company's targets.

2. Companies should pay attention to the company's revenue that will be achieved, namely by approaching employees and meeting together to agree on achieving the desired revenue when affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. Because indirectly the company's revenue will have an impact on the results or incentives that will be distributed to each employee. The smaller revenue value will automatically decrease the employee's opinion. This will affect the work productivity of these employees.

References

Ravianto, J. (1986). Orientasi Produktivitas dan Ekonomi Jepang. Penerbit Universitas Indonesia.

https://onesearch.id/Record/IOS7344.slims-2775#toc .