The researchers will describe more deeply the nature of perfect people, therefore the title that the researchers will research is "Insan Kamil in the Qur'an according to M. To add knowledge to the researcher and reader about the meaning of Insan Kamil in the interpretation of Al-Misbah. The researcher analyzes the books and magazines that have been collected which discuss Insan Kamil.
According to Ibn Arabi, Insan Kamil is a perfect human being in terms of his form and knowledge. Ibn Arabi's idea was continued by Al-Jili and emphasized that Insan Kamil is Muhammad because he has the attributes of al-Haq (god) and creature at the same time. This is because the Insan Kamil's ability is greater than the ability of ordinary people, both in terms of personality and knowledge.15.
In the discussion of Insan Kamil, scholars with various opinions argue that Insan Kamil is a perfect human being in terms of the form of his knowledge. According to Murtadha Mutahhari it can be said that Insan Kamil is a perfect human figure in terms of morals and character and leads to good and positive things.20.
The Role of Insan Kamil in Social Aspects
As for the perfection in terms of his knowledge, it is because he has reached the highest level of consciousness, namely the realization of the unity of his being with God, which is called ma'rifat. 24. Insan Kamil is seen as a person who acquires esoteric knowledge known as secret knowledge ('ilm al-asrar), ladunni science or occult knowledge. If a person could empty his mind and heart of selfishness, selfishness, arrogance, with sincerity and then try hard to prepare himself to be his servant, then he asks Allah for guidance about the truth, even if he follows his thoughts and heart, he collects various realities that are present in various dimensions entered.25.
Therefore, the role of Insan Kamil in society is very important to awaken people so that they always remember their duties as caliphs on earth, because Insan Kamil is a human being who can use his mind for knowledge so that it can be easy for him are to wake up. people who have been forgotten due to technological developments. Insan Kamil also has the role of a leader because with his leadership he will be able to change the bad order that prevails in the society. He is always obsessed with always turning his subordinates into people who always remember the duties and mandates given by Allah SWT.28.
BIOGRAPHY
M. Quraish Shihab’s birth
He became the first person in Southeast Asia to earn the title of Doctor of Quranic Sciences at Al-Azhar University, Egypt.31.
M. Quraish Shihab’s Career
Apart from that, Muhammad Quraish Shihab was also entrusted to hold positions as chairman of the Central Indonesian Council (MUI) (1984), member of the committee establishing Al-Quran's department of religion (1989) and member of the National Education Advisory Council ( 1989). He is also involved in several professional organizations, including the Association of Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals (ICMI). Furthermore, he is also listed as the Administrator of the Association of Syari'ah Sciences, and the Manager of the Consortium of Religious Sciences in the Ministry of Education and Culture.
Other activities he performs are as the editorial board of Studia Islamika: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies, Ulum al-Quran, Mimbar Ulama and Reflections on the journal of Religious and Philosophical Studies. Apart from the activities mentioned above, Muhammad Quraish Shihab is also known as a reliable writer and speaker. Based on a solid scientific background acquired through formal education and supported by his ability to express opinions and ideas in simple language, but direct, rational and with a moderate bent of mind, he proves to be a speaker and writer who can be accepted at all levels companies.
He delivers these lectures in a number of prestigious mosques in Jakarta such as al-Tin and Fathullah mosques, in circles of government officials such as Istiqlal recitation and in a number of television stations or electronic media, especially during the month of Ramadan.
M. Quraish Shihab’s Publications
Landasan Al-Qur'an (Bandung: Mizan, 1994), memuat uraian tentang ilmu Al-Qur'an dan tafsirnya, serta kajian tafsir tematik terhadap berbagai permasalahan di masyarakat. Lantera Hati: Cerita dan Hikmah dari Kehidupan (Bandung: Mizan, 1994), memuat kajian dan pandangan tentang berbagai permasalahan kehidupan di masyarakat. Keajaiban Al-Qur'an Ditinjau dari Aspek Linguistik, Aspek Ilmiah, dan Pemberitaan Ilmu Gaib (Jakarta: Republish, 2007), memuat kajian tentang mukjizat Al-Qur'an.
Sejarah dan Ulum al-Qur'an (Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus, 2001), berisi kajian tentang sejarah dan Ulum al-Qur'an. Logika Keagamaan; Kedudukan Wahyu dan Batasan Akal Manusia dalam Islam (Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2007), memuat kajian tentang kedudukan wahyu dan batas akal manusia dalam Islam. Tafsir al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan dan Harmoni Al-Qur'an (Bandung: Mizan, 2004), berisi tafsir 30 juz Al-Qur'an lengkap.
Halus dan Tak Terlihat, Setan dalam Al-Qur'an (Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2010¬) berisi kajian tentang Setan dalam Al-Qur'an. Halus dan Tak Terlihat, Jin dalam Al-Qur'an (Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2010), berisi kajian tentang Jin dalam Al-Qur'an. 10. Halus dan Tak Terlihat, Malaikat dalam Al-Qur'an (Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2010), berisi kajian tentang malaikat dalam Al-Qur'an.
11. Haji bersama Quraish Shihab (Bandung: Mizan, 1999), contains studies on various issues surrounding pilgrimage from an Islamic perspective. 12. Shalat bersama Quraish Shihab (Jakarta: Servant of the Nation), contains studies on issues related to prayer according to Islam. Puasa bersama Quraish Shihab (Jakarta: Servant of the Nation) contains studies on issues related to fasting according to Islam.
From the many works done by Muhammad Quraish Shihab above, it can be concluded that these works are the study of the Qur'an by Muhammad Quraish Shihab and the patterns of thought of Quraish Shihab.
DISCUSSION
Becoming Insan Kamil according to the Qur'an
Allah creates people with different processes from the period before birth (the period in the womb) to the period after birth (the period after birth, Allah says in Surah Al-Mu'minun verses 12-14:54.
34;هانلعج مث نيط نم ةللس نم ناسنلا انقلخ دقلو انقلخف ةقلع ةفطنلا انقلخ مث نيكم رارق يف ةفطن
34; ةفيلخ ضرلا يف لعاج ينإ ةكئلملل كبر لاق ذإو"
34. ma'rifah Allahu), the soul of Insana Kamil is a high ability to appreciate internal and external processes that are connected in one inseparable part, the light of knowledge is maintained in a balanced way, not extinguishing each other with caution in making decisions and actions that fully they devote themselves to the boundaries of Sharia. According to al-Ghazali, this is a man whose perfection forms the perfection of his soul.57. As a form of practice of the various potentials contained as a human being, the insan kamil is a human being capable of optimally utilizing all of his spiritual potential.
People who are perfect people, although they have freedom, but definitely control themselves from things that are inauspicious.58 Meanwhile, according to murtadha. 58 Ani Nursalikah, ciri-ciri Insan kamil dalam Tasawuf, accessed 10 October 2022 from https://www.republika.co.id. In Al-Qur'an surah al-Anfal it states that Muslims must prepare forces and cavalry to meet the enemies of Allah.
In the surah Az-Zumar verse 9 it is mentioned that between people who know and people who do not know, actually only people who receive blessings from Allah SWT can receive lessons. The perfection of people is also determined by virtues in the sense, the maximum power that binds to him with the desire for perfection. In the final stage, people are encouraged to embody the message of Qs and express it in everyday life.
If you have passed this stage, a muthmainnah soul (calm soul) is formed, that is, a soul that is ready to accept God's tajalli, namely a statement or an appearance or the opening of the veil that prevents the servant from being with him so that he can witness the signs of his power and majesty.61. In the end we can conclude that humans are the best creatures created by Allah, capable of thinking, socializing, evolving towards perfection, created from spiritual elements (God) and physical elements (matter), conveying sacred messages, humanitarian and divine nature is meant to be worshiped and sent as a caliph on earth. Meanwhile, the other side of human potential as described in the Qur'an is that humans are stingy and complaining, weak, tyrannical, stupid and unjust.
Based on the above discussion, the researcher can enable the reader to describe how to become insan kamil as described in the Qur'an according to Tafsir Al-Misbah, namely by knowing the criteria and also the stages or processes that transfer to attaining insan kamil .
CLOSING
Conclusion
After discussing the entire material and materials used in the review of this scientific work, the researcher can draw research conclusions from the research entitled "Insan Kamil in the Qur'an according to M. That Insan Kamil in the interpretation of al-Misbah means the best physical and psychological person who can perform their functions as well as possible. We must maintain an attitude towards everything and think positively and always be patient in relation to the misfortune that befalls us.
Stay away from promiscuity outside, so that we do not forget the task that Allah has given us, which is to become Khalifah on earth.
BIBLIOGRAPHY