This article highlights the nature of parliamentary debates in the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives) of the Malaysian Parliament regarding poverty issues in Malaysia. Using the qualitative research technique, it focuses on the untold story of poverty in Malaysia that was buried in the Dewan Rakyat Hansard. Despite the success story of poverty eradication in Malaysia, poverty issues have always been debated in almost every parliament being worked on in the Dewan Rakyat.
The involvement of the European Union (EU) in the Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM) was one of the success stories in the peaceful resolution of the conflict.
POVERTY DEBATES IN THE DEWAN RAKYAT OF THE MALAYSIAN PARLIAMENT
PERDEBATAN KEMISKINAN DI DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT PARLEMEN MALAYSIA
Nazli Aziz | Poverty Debates in the Dewan Rakyat of the Malaysian Farliament | 91 1980 because it can undermine democracy. Nazli Aziz | Poverty Debates in the Dewan Rakyat of the Malaysian Farliament | 93 the idea of giving up the 30 percent Bumiputera. Nazli Aziz | Poverty Debates in the Dewan Rakyat of the Malaysian Farliament | 95 and urban areas by providing infrastructure and.
Nazli Aziz | Poverty Debates in the Dewan Rakyat of the Malaysian Farliament | 97 infrastructure projects in rural constituencies.
THE LIFE OF MUSLIM INDONESIAN STUDENTS IN GERMANY
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
KEHIDUPAN PELAJAR MUSLIM INDONESIA DI JERMAN
TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG
Therefore, Turkish immigrants are currently considered the largest minority group in Germany, accounting for 2.4% of the total population. Within this number, it is believed that the disparity of students' religious beliefs. The first factor concerns the level of knowledge and awareness of the students about the destination country which is greatly influenced by the availability of information about the destination country (Mazzarol and Soutar, 2002, 83).
The fifth factor is the geographical proximity of the country of destination to the country of origin.
DISCUSSION
Hajj (major pilgrimage) takes place in the month of Dhul Hijjah, the twelfth month of the Islamic lunar calendar (BBC, 2009), while Umrah (minor pilgrimage) can be performed at any time of the year. Contrary to the situation that Muslim Indonesians face when applying for Hajj from the country, the results found in this research show that these Muslim Indonesian students benefit from their status as students in a Muslim minority country. Unlike Participant 4, who organized the Hajj using the Arabian Travel Agency, Participant 3 used the same travel agency as the rest of the participants in 2016, but he registered only one month before the end date.
First, for the single women, it is highly recommended to use the service of the bureau because they will find them the Mahram9. I don't think the Turkish or Arab travel agency can get an Indonesian a mahram for the Hajj pilgrimage." The second is also about the language reason. While in 2018 FORKOM announced the price of the Hajj which is 5,200 euros or about 6.5 million Rupiahs more.
The information that should be highlighted by any Muslim female student who wants to study in Germany concerns the choice of the city where the destination institution is located. According to the interview, the dissenter did not recommend Germany because of the situation in the country, which she does not think everyone can relate to. If someone wants to study here because of the affordable price of studies, that's fine.
Meanwhile, Participant 3 believed that the large number of Turkish immigrants15 in Germany somehow paved the way for the ease of Muslim life, including the Hajj bureaucracy; making it more attractive compared to other countries such as the UK or Australia. Students often do not fulfill this condition due to the shorter time they have for the study program.
THE EUROPEAN UNION’S ROLE AS AN INTERNATIONAL ACTOR IN THE ACEH MONITORING MISSION
PERAN UNI EROPA SEBAGAI AKTOR INTERNASIONAL DALAM MISI MONITORING ACEH
The EU also led a peacekeeping mission, the Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM) from 15 September 2005 to 15 December 2006 in cooperation with some of the member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). This paper will critically examine whether the EU has played a significant role as an international actor in the peace process in Aceh through an in-depth look at the work of the AMM. I will argue that the EU played a key role as an international actor in the AMM.
The third part looks at the EU's work through the AMM and its challenges. Caporaso et al argue that the analytical criteria to determine the status of the EU as an actor are not clear. Because the EU is a creation of the member states, the authority therefore comes from these states.
In this context, the transatlantic context discusses the EU's action as an international player. EU INVOLVEMENT IN AMM The EU initiative and full support through the CMI are essential to the success of the Helsinki agreement. Third, the success of the Helsinki agreement can improve the EU's image and influence in Indonesia.
The Helsinki Agreement facilitated by the EU through the CMI is one of the success stories of the peace agreement, but it has also suffered from some challenges. The EU's involvement in the AMM was one of the success stories in the peaceful resolution of conflicts.
GERAKAN MASYARAKAT ADAT SAMI DAN KONTESTASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM
SAMI INDIGENOUS MOVEMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCE’S CONTESTATION
Gerakan perlawanan ini didasarkan pada hak masyarakat Sami atas tanah, air dan sumber daya alam. Tujuan utama dari kampanye ini adalah untuk melindungi kawasan yang memiliki fungsi ekologis di Norwegia dan mendukung hak-hak masyarakat adat yang tinggal di kawasan tersebut, yaitu masyarakat Sami. Pembentukan Komisi Hak Sami dapat dikaitkan dengan momen penting dalam perlawanan Sami terhadap proyek pembangkit listrik di wilayah Alta.
Tepat setelah demonstrasi besar-besaran, masih pada tahun 1981, Komnas HAM Rakyat Sami dibentuk. Amanat utama pembentukan komisi ini adalah mempertanyakan hak masyarakat Sami atas tanah dan air. Dengan munculnya pasal ini, masyarakat Sami dapat bernegosiasi dengan pemerintah pusat untuk otonomi sumber daya dan budaya mereka.
Negosiasi juga sedang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan sumber daya yang diakui atas nama orang Sami di Finnmark. Mereka melihat bahwa orang Sami dan non-Sami sudah lama hidup berdampingan di Finnmark. Sami menjadi aktor dalam gerakan sosial baru yang mendasarkan perjuangan mereka pada identitas dan otonomi.
Proyek berskala besar yang diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah Norwegia ini dinilai mampu memberikan dampak bagi kehidupan masyarakat Sami di wilayah tersebut. Meski perjuangan pengakuan hak atas sumber daya telah usai, masyarakat Sami masih harus menunggu proses identifikasi dilakukan oleh negara.
AGAMA KHONGHUCU DAN BUDDHA DALAM LINTASAN SEJARAH KOREA
KONFUCIANISM AND BUDHISM IN THE HISTORY OF KOREA
Artikel ini juga bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keadaan Konfusianisme dan Buddhisme di Korea saat ini dan peran mereka dalam membentuk budaya dan identitas nasional masyarakat Korea. Konfusianisme adalah sistem kepercayaan terpenting di Korea karena telah memberikan landasan etis bagi orang Korea pada umumnya. Saat ini, upacara pemakaman di Korea Selatan merupakan campuran antara Konfusianisme dan Kristen.
Selain itu, nilai fundamental Konfusianisme Korea mengakui heterogenitas dan toleransi terhadap perbedaan. Ajaran Konfusianisme di Korea Selatan, yang dikenal sebagai Neo-Konfusianisme, semakin ketat karena digunakan di lembaga-lembaga pemerintah. Pada zaman Raja Sosurim, di Koguryo (371-384) yang memeluk agama Buddha, ia juga mendirikan universitas Khonghucu pada tahun 372.
Pada saat ini, pendeta agama Konghucu mulai mengkhawatirkan infiltrasi biksu Buddha ke dalam kekuasaan dan kehidupan yang korup. Gagasan keagamaan Konghucu saat ini menciptakan dinamika baru, sebuah akademi kerajaan yang didirikan pada akhir abad ke-14. Setelah Perang Dunia II, nasib Konfusianisme di Korea lebih baik daripada yang terjadi di Cina.
Saat ini, ajaran Konfusianisme Korea perlu didevaluasi lagi dalam konteks global. Namun, pada saat itu, penganut Konghucu dan Budha hampir mencapai keseimbangan dalam jumlah.
RESEARCH SUMMARY
CRISIS, GROWTH AND CHANGES IN SUB SAHARA AFRICA
EVIDENCE FROM KENYA
In addition, this study also describes China's increasing role in the Kenyan economy when other donor countries are in crisis. In the early period of independence, many assets such as land controlled by the Europeans were taken over. The decline in Kenya's coffee exports in the late 1980s had been replaced by exports of black tea and cut flowers.
The global financial crisis in the United States in 2008 and its impact on exports. With these developments, the role of the payment system in the economy is becoming increasingly important. In the global financial crisis, infrastructure development is considered a key factor in sustaining economic growth, as suggested by Keynesian economists.
As in other parts of Africa, China's role in increasing infrastructure development has been significant since 2009. Even the crisis of one commodity has been overcome by the development of other commodities, for example between coffee and tea in the 1930s and tea and wafers. flourishing in 2012. The rapid development of M-Pesa in the country is supported by the increase of ICT infrastructure that is heavily built in the country.
In addition, China's increasing role in the global economy has contributed to the development of infrastructure in Kenya. Foreign aid from China is very helpful in realizing infrastructure development, such as in the transport and energy sector, in Kenya.
TINJAUAN BUKU
CHINA BELT ROAD INITIATIVE: PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR DAN PERLUASAN HEGEMONI EKONOMI TIONGKOK DI DUNIA
Pada Bagian Kedua, buku ini memberikan penjelasan tentang manfaat China BRI yang memberikan peluang bagi negara-negara di Asia, Eropa dan negara-negara lain di dunia untuk mengimplementasikan pengembangan yang dimulai dari China BRI. Dalam bab ini, penulis menganggap besarnya tantangan geopolitik yang ditimbulkan oleh China BRI adalah yang terbesar. Dalam konteks pendekatan pragmatis, penulis buku ini memberikan saran bagaimana mengukur implementasi China BRI (misalnya implementasi infrastruktur, pengurangan pajak impor, peningkatan bantuan dan investasi, kerjasama ilmiah, dll).
Dengan demikian, buku ini bisa dikatakan sebagai pemaparan gagasan pemerintah China terkait BRI China. Buku ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan kontribusi BRI China pada jenis baru koeksistensi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan, dan merupakan alternatif dari globalisasi gaya Barat lama. Misalnya, sejauh mana dan sejauh mana gagasan konektivitas dari China BRI muncul sebagai masalah global dan dengan siapa ia akan terhubung.
Kedua, besarnya dampak yang ditimbulkan dari pembangunan infrastruktur yang menjadi andalan dalam implementasi China BRI di kawasan lain (misalnya di Eropa dan Asia Tenggara). Buku ini menawarkan interpretasi yang berbeda dari narasi BRI China, tidak hanya tentang keuntungan, hubungan sosial, atau integrasi global. Bagian ini mengulas berbagai isu positif dan negatif inisiatif BRI China di media massa (contoh di Singapura).
Dalam kerangka ini, percepatan penyelesaian konektivitas internasional merupakan ide cemerlang yang muncul dari ide BRI China. Apalagi, dalam rangka hubungan antar negara/bangsa akibat perkembangan di China, BRI membuka berbagai peluang untuk pembahasan lebih lanjut.
