KENAPA DIPERLUKAN KEBIJAKAN BERORIENTASI LINGKUNGAN? –
BAGIAN 2
Kuliah 2 Administrasi Lingkungan & Kebencanaan Program Sarjana Reguler dan Kelas Paralel Ilmu Administrasi Negara
@ Teguh Kurniawan, 13 Februari 2024 Email: teguh.kurniawan@ui.ac.id
OUTLINE
Nilai-nilai Lingkungan
Etika Lingkungan
Politik Lingkungan
NILAI-NILAI LINGKUNGAN
ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LP8ox5XWqAA
DEFINING VALUE
Instrumental value → is the value which something has for
someone as a means to an end which they desire → Microsoft Word for writing purposes
Inherent value → is the value something has for someone, but not as a means to a further end → a beautiful landscape
Intrinsic value → is simply the value which something has. No.
appeal need be made to those for whom it has value, It simply is valuable and is so independently of anyone finding it
valuable → it just valuable for someone
Sumber: Carter, 2001
Sumber: Rice, 2006
The Structure of Values According to Schwartz’s Theory (Schwartz 1994).
Sumber: Rice, 2006
Sumber: Rice, 2006
FUNCTIONS OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Regulation functions → maintenance of essential ecological processes
Carrier functions → providing space and a suitable susbstrate/medium
Production functions → providing natural resources
Information functions → providing
opportunities for cognitive development
Sumber: de Groot, 1994
ETIKA LINGKUNGAN
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=byQ86TjwCEQ
3 MODELS
Anthropocentric model → man is the decision maker and determiner of good for all of nature
Sumber: Warber, Fetters, Kaufman, 2003
3 MODELS
Pragmatic or utilitarian value → the general population began to realize that the
degradation of the natural environment would have serious consequences for human health, safety and survival
Sumber: Warber, Fetters, Kaufman, 2003
3 MODELS
Ecocentric or intrinsic value → postulates that our interest in the environment are based on inherently intrinsic value held by the system
including its species and individuals. Duties to the natural systems arise from the nature of the system itself
Sumber: Warber, Fetters, Kaufman, 2003
Main theories of environmental ethics in their
‘‘strong’’ and
‘weak’ versions.
Sumber: Rosa & Da Silva, 2005
Theories versus environmental policy goals
Sumber: Rosa
& Da Silva, 2005
Theories versus environmental policy goals
Sumber: Rosa
& Da Silva, 2005
Theories versus
nature conservation and management policies
Sumber: Rosa
& Da Silva, 2005
POLITIK LINGKUNGAN
POLITICS OF ENVIRONMENT
Politics refer to → processes of government; decision making and administration; elections; the
machinations of political parties; and the efforts of groups to influence these political processes
Allowing us to understand and manage our biophysical resources; to manage our environment; to formulate and to implement environmental policies
Sumber: Doyle & McEachern, 2001
TWO APPROACHES
Reformist approach → adopt a managerial
approach to environmental problems, secure in the belief that they can be solved without
fundamental changes in present values or patterns of production and consumption
Sumber: Carter, 2001
TWO APPROACHES
Radical approach → argue that a sustainable and fulfilling existence pre supposes radical changes in our relationship with the non-
human natural world and in our mode of social and political life
Sumber: Carter, 2001
TRENDS IN ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE
Ecological Modernization and Market Based Instruments
Voluntary Agreements
Contractual Undertakings
Privatization in the Provision of Environmental Services
The Diffusion of Environmental Protection Agencies
Berton, dkk, 2007
TRENDS IN ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE
The Role of the Judiciary
The Allocation of Enactment and Enforcement Powers
Environmental Management by Indigenous People and Local Communities
Integration of Environmental Policy Making with Other Policy Sectors: The Long Way to a Sustainability
Approach
Berton, dkk, 2007