In light of the above, the election and electoral process in Nigeria have been the bane of our democratic consolidation (Ojukwu et al., 2019). Thus, the above analysis explains the importance of group theory in understanding the gagging of electoral fraud in Nigeria. Flagrant violations of the electoral campaign spending limit of the Electoral Law are an example of such abuses.
The N21.2 billion collected was more than the N1 billion limit set by the Electoral Act. A Review of the 2015 and 1999-2011 General Elections in Nigeria Using Pippa Norris' Electoral Integrity Framework (Eif).
Islamic Economics as a Science and System
Then, Hartono (2011) explained that the Islamic economic system is the solution to the economic crisis that befell Europeans. Namely, other economic systems cannot be separated from the value that lies behind the tendency of the economic system. Broadly speaking, the world economic system is dominated by two systems namely the capitalist economic system and the socialist economic system.
The Islamic economic system is an economic system that offers something different from the previous two economic systems. This economic system combines the value of the goods of the capitalist and socialist economic systems and eliminates the negative side of both economies. Religion is a very important component for the formation of Islamic economics as an economic system, which becomes the solution to all the problems of the economic system.
This principle is different from the socialist economic system which gives full authority to the state and conversely in the capitalist economy the authority of the state is severely limited. Furthermore, the Islamic economic system is an economic system that offers different things than the previous two economic systems. This economic system hybridizes the good value of the capitalist and socialist economic system and eliminates the negative side of both economies.
The most negative side of the two economic systems above is the economic system's inability to address the issue of unfairness in its implementation.
Comparative Analysis of President Soeharto and Kim Dae Jung's Policies in Overcoming the 1997 Economic Crisis based on Small Theory and
Idiosyncratic Theory
Analisis Perbandingan Kebijakan Presiden Soeharto dan Kim Dae Jung dalam Mengatasi Krisis Ekonomi 1997 berdasarkan Small Theory dan
Teori Idiosinkratik
Analisis perbandingan kebijakan Presiden Soeharto dan Kim Dae Jung dalam mengatasi krisis ekonomi tahun 1997 berdasarkan teori minor dan teori idiosinkratik. Sedangkan krisis ekonomi telah menimpa beberapa negara seperti Indonesia dan Korea Selatan. Awalnya, krisis ekonomi di Korea Selatan terjadi pada bulan November 1997, menyusul krisis di Thailand pada bulan Juli 1997.
Terutama dalam cara dan penanganan kedua pemimpin kedua negara ini dalam mengatasi krisis ekonomi yang berdampak pada beberapa negara di Asia yang terjadi pada tahun 1997. Krisis ekonomi tahun 1997 merupakan fenomena ekonomi politik yang besar di Asia, khususnya di wilayah Selatan. Korea dan Indonesia. Sedangkan Soeharto (pemerintah Indonesia) menerapkan sistem proteksionis dan program reformasi struktural dalam menghadapi krisis ekonomi tahun 1997.
Berfokus pada teori idiosinkratik, Kim Dae Jung dan Soeharto mempunyai perbedaan pendapat yang signifikan dalam pengambilan kebijakan terkait fenomena krisis ekonomi tahun 1997. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara di Asia Tenggara yang merasakan dampak krisis ekonomi Asia tahun 1997. di Indonesia yang terjadi akibat krisis Asia, Presiden Soeharto cenderung lebih aktif dan negatif.
Di tengah krisis ekonomi yang melanda Indonesia, Presiden Soeharto memberhentikan masing-masing Gubernur Bank Indonesia.
Assessing the Role of Women in Countering Radicalism: an Islamic Perspective
INTRODUCTION
Galang (2019) researching the role of youth in combating terrorism, Ghazli (2018) making policies to stop the movement of terrorism and Cherney & Murphy (2019) studying the beliefs held by terrorist actors, However, this research differs from research others as he will further explain the involvement of women in terms of terrorist activities by including some statistical data in Indonesia over the last year. Scientific research categorized as library research plays a crucial role in the whole set of research methodologies. In the midst of the darkness that had already taken place at that moment, the revelation echoed throughout the deserts of the land of Arabia with such prophecy and promising action throughout mankind.
There is no doubt that the noblest of you to Allah is the most pious of you. Muslim women at the time of Prophet Muhammad contributed a lot to their husbands, families or Muslims. Similarly, several cases of suicide bombings involving women have been covered in the media (Asiyah et al., 2020).
Although women are victims of bombers and key players in the terrorist campaign, they are still victims. As a result, it can be said that the diverse roles of women in the terrorist movement have recently increased and changed from a passive to an involved and critical actor in promoting and carrying out terrorist acts. This then raises the question whether the religion of Islam justifies and allows a person to commit acts of terror, while on the other hand it seems clear that Islam is a religion that brings peace and security to all people in the world . Baidhowi, 2017).
Do not seek to cause corruption in the earth, for Allah does not love the corrupt." (Al-Qasas: 77).
اميِظَع
According to Islamic philosophies, Ibn Miskawayh states that the cleansing of the human soul should be done to produce quality morality and then conduct jihad in an honest, careful and Iklhas manner. However, the jihad in question is a jihad that focuses on warfare against lust, and not a jihad that focuses on warfare against weapons.
سوُمَغألا ُيِمَيألاَو
دممح باحصأ انثدح :لاق ىليل بيا نب نحمرلا دبع نع منهأ :ملسو هيلع الله ىلص
لبح لىإ مهضعب قلطناف مهنم لجر مانف ملسو هيلع الله ىلص بينلا عم نويسي اوناك املسم عوري نأ ملسلم ليَ لَ :ملسو هيلع الله ىلص الله لوسر لاقف عزفف هذخأف هعم
Assessing the Role of Women in Countering Radicalism: An Islamic Perspective Hudzaifah Achmad Qotadah and Adang Darmawan Achmad. Based on the argument from al-Qur'an and the above hadith, the act of radicalism and terrorism cannot be justified by any reason or claim. The term terror is not foreign to the Indonesian people, where terrorism is not a new phenomenon in Indonesia (Tukina, 2011).
This subsequently gave rise to various activities of radicalism, as some groups felt that many of Indonesia's Muslims had neglected the sanctity and originality of religious guidance and no longer referred to its sanctity and originality (Azra, 2003). Especially now, the discourse of intolerance and radical understanding in the name of religion has become more and more widespread and internalized in the circle of society (Pujiyanto, 2020). Therefore, the various efforts and attempts to reduce, prevent and prevent their recurrence are not an exception by involving women in these efforts (Ruslan, 2015).
Modern women in the current era are also expected to be progressive, active, participatory, educated, globally minded and act locally and take care of the problems facing the society, people or state. is no exception to the current issues of radicalism and terrorism (Embong, 2018). Women are the first and most important figure in creating a harmonious family, where the glory and security of the Ummah begin from the family itself. Therefore, it has become obligatory for them to maintain, nurture and educate them so that they become successful people in this life and the hereafter.
And parents are the most important educators and the first in a family have the privilege of planting Aqeedah (faith) for their children, because the core of religion is faith and the essence of religion is faith.
ااديِدَس
And the current development of technology makes it even easier to spread the spread of information and narratives, so that the spread of radicalism is not only valid offline, but also diffused in cyberspace (Abdullah, 2016). But if it can be balanced with strong education and faith, radical and terrorist acts will be impossible. The main defense against the radical understanding of terrorism is the role of women in the family.
Moreover, women do not only play an important role in family affairs, but also play an important role in the surrounding community and country. Therefore, their leadership becomes an important pillar both in the scope of their families and social institutions in the context of empowering the nation so that it can produce a noble generation of people for nation building (Rahman, 2018). And the responsibility of family coaching is divided from parents, community to government and country.
As a result, the process of radicalization can occur in the smallest sphere, namely within the family, so the curbing of radicalism and terrorism cannot be carried out only within the sphere of society and the state, but must be done first from the most fundamental basis. namely the family, especially women (mother/wife) using strengthening and controlling supervision in the family sphere. Especially in the current era of globalization when social life and relationships are more and more open, so there is a great need for supervision and love especially from a female figure (mother/wife). With the position and strategy possessed by women in the family, it is expected that the various thoughts, teachings, flows and understandings that are radical in nature can lead to terrorism to be unstoppable and prevented.
Narrative and Identity Politics: Patterns of the Spread and Reception of Radicalism and Terrorism in Indonesia.
Retrospective Analysis of Aceh Government Regulations in Handling Corona Virus Disease 2019
Analisis Retrospektif Regulasi Pemerintah Aceh Dalam Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019
Tingginya tingkat penularan Covid-19 di Indonesia tidak lepas dari kebijakan-kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh otoritas mulai dari pusat hingga daerah (Muis, 2020). Pemerintah Aceh tentunya harus mampu mengantisipasi dan menangani penyebaran virus Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara retrospektif kebijakan pemerintah Aceh dalam menangani Covid-19 setelah kebijakan tersebut diterapkan.
Mewabahnya Covid-19 di Indonesia telah mempengaruhi lahirnya banyak kebijakan mulai dari tingkat pemerintahan pusat hingga daerah. 51 Tahun 2020 tentang Peningkatan Pengendalian Penyakit Covid-19 dan Penerapan Disiplin serta Penegakan Protokol Kesehatan, Keputusan Gubernur Aceh No. Sejumlah kebijakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah menjadi bukti pentingnya penanganan Covid-19 dan kekhawatiran akan dampaknya.
Menurut peneliti, beberapa maksud dan tujuan penting dari kebijakan pemerintah Aceh dalam menangani Covid-19 dapat dilihat pada Tabel 1. Hasil survei menunjukkan Pemerintah Aceh mengeluarkan surat edaran nomor 440/4820 akibat perkembangan COVID-19 yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Sumber daya dan koordinasi antar lembaga dan pemangku kepentingan juga menjadi salah satu permasalahan kebijakan penanganan Covid-19.
Selain koordinasi, sumber daya juga menjadi permasalahan dalam implementasi kebijakan pemerintah Aceh dalam menangani Covid-19.
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