[Land Certificate Authentication Using Blockchain Technology]
[Riyadi] - FOB Batch 15 [Student’s Batch Number]
What is this presentation all about?
This presentation is one of the key deliverables for EMURGO digital certificate
1. Please read the notes on each slide and create your presentation based on notes 2. You can add any diagram or images that support your presentation
3. If you find the framework given is not enough for your presentation then you can add as many as slides you want to
4. Please see this reference presentation if you want to better understand the expectation
5. Write in English (Not Mandatory), but you can use tools like Google Translate and Grammarly to improve your English writing skill
6. The presentation should be delivered about 10-15 minutes (depend on the number of the student)
7. The student will be presenting their presentation in a randomly manner (will be picked by the lecturer)
8. All the student must attend this discussion use case session because this will impact their attendance record
Notes for learners
Executive Summary
Crimes in the land sector in Indonesia are dominated by document falsification, which is as much as 66%. This crime often occurs because of weak mitigation in dealing with counterfeiting of land certificates and even within the agency itself being involved in this crime. This causes financial losses and public distrust of the relevant agencies, namely the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency. There is a need for stricter standar operational procedure in the issuance of land certificates. Currently, the Ministry of ATR/BPN has announced the digitization of land certificates, but this is still not enough because the centralized database is very vulnerable to being attacked by hackers or internal crimes from the agency. Need a better technology to maintain the authenticity of land certificates, blockchain technology is the right solution. By leveraging the properties contained in the blockchain, the authenticity of digital land certificates can be guaranteed and reduces the risk of losing certificates.
Current Problem
Source :
https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20191012200827-17-106532/rugikan-negara-triliunan-mafia-tanah-akan-diburu -dipenjara
https://economy.okezone.com/read/2021/10/22/470/2489975/5-fakta-mafia-tanah-dan-modusnya-ternyata-125-pegawai -bpn-terlibat
https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/ada-beragam-definisi-dan-modus-mafia-tanah--simak-penjelasannya-lt61dd732 56df5f?page=all
1. Certificate forgery 2. Easy to duplicate/copy 3. Internal crime
4. Distrust of the relevant agencies 5. Structured and systematic crime 6. Centralized Database
7. Cyber Attack
8. Blockchain Technology Knowledge
9. Conflict of Interest
1. The Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency must have a representative in village and district level
As a public service, this ministry must go to the bottom to solve the initial problems, in this case there must be conformity of the map database at the village and sub-district levels .
2. Using Blockchain Technology
blockchain is another way to store data, which has some very nice properties. There are Immutability, Decentralized, and timestamped by default. Without these properties, blockchain is just like any other place where you can store data. But these properties are what makes blockchain and the reason it is called blockchain is that every data point is termed as a block. As you store more and more data, it gets stored as a chain of blocks. That’s why it’s called a blockchain.
3. Outsourcing
With discipline and professionality, officers can complete their job with full responsibility.
Proposed Solution
Actors Involved
1. Land Registry Office (district level)
Validating digital/electronic document from contractor using smart contract
2. State Cyber and Code Agency
Preparing and maintaining blockchain infrastructure, act as a master node
3. Government Departments
The pre-selected government department as a validator (node) who responsible for validating and authenticating transaction
4. Official Certifier of Title Deeds
physical data collection and processing from new applicant and make it to be a digital/electronic document
5. User (citizens)
There are 2 types of user. First, this user has a physical sertificate, clear and clean status and NIB (Field Master Number). Second, this user is just about to create a new certificate.
1. Data Transparency 2. Security
3. Accountabillity 4. Digitalization
Expected Outcome
First, it guarantees immutability. What that means is that if you have stored data on the blockchain it is guaranteed that data cannot be changed later. This is very important when you want to trust something or when you want to make something more trustable. Second, it is decentralized. Which means that no single entity has control. Blockchain needs a group of nodes to be able to serve that work as points where all the data is stored in a decentralized manner. And these nodes work together to make sure that the correct provenance of data is maintained, which means that the correct timeline of data is maintained. Third, blockchains are timestamped by default. This means that it helps in a decentralized manner. So, that helps, again in trying to see what data how the data has changed when some record was updated. Who updated it on this kind of thing.
With these property, blockchain is more secure to store data than other database system. So anyone cant to duplicate land sertificate again.
Why Using Blockchain
(How Blockchain Can Help to Solving The Problem)
Consortium Blockchain / Hybrid Blockchain
● consists of a pre-selected set of nodes or computers that are responsible for controlling access to the blockchain network resources
● eliminate the individual/single autonomy of the private blockchain by having multiple entities or organisations in charge of consensus and decision making for the benefit of the whole network of peers
● Partially private, partially public and semi-decentralised
Reason for the choice of Blockchain
The Consortium Blockchain-Based E-Government Network
Source :
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-consortium-blockchain-based-e-government-network-Network-Layer-The-main-function_f ig2_339441749
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-proposed-consortium-blockchain-e-government-system_fig1_339441749
anything else that you can not covered in the given set of slides
Other Considerations
Additional slide
[Student Name] - FOB Batch [Student’s Batch Number]
Architecture
E-Certificate Portal
Unique ID/QR Code
Generate Blockchain
Bank, Notary Public, etc
Apply for E-Sertificate
Apply for E-Sertificate Collecting physical data
Submit ID/QR Code
Verify data
Get into
Generate hash
Send to citizen
Update to blockchain Nodes
Request data Get sertificate or related data
Land Registry Office (district level)
