This book is an attempt to remedy this situation, not only by filling a real gap in available material, but also by trying to show that learning vocabulary can be just as much fun and just as stimulating as other activities. The book is written to deal with anything related to vocabulary, and to prepare readers or students, from elementary level to intermediate level, to become intelligent adopters of English words, to be familiar with various techniques of vocabulary building, and, more importantly, to apply. The book is practical in a sense that it not only provides concept but also how to use and apply it through intensive exercises.
In general, this student's book concentrates on the following skill needs for foreign language studies. Being familiar with words with multiple meanings and being able to pick them up in a specific context. Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to every party to whom I am indebted.
Using an English Dictionary
Your study needs will be satisfactorily covered by one of the more practical abridged dictionaries. They may serve an occasional and momentary convenience, but students must be aware of their great danger; it is the assumption that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the words of the two languages. Word translations of the kind that such dictionaries encourage can lead you into many mistakes.
Therefore, it can be used as a responsible guide to master the spoken language. A hyphen is placed in the middle of the line (not on the line) to show that the word has been broken. Divide each of the following word syllables by putting a heavy black dot between the correct syllable divisions, for example: c o I.
Morphemes
In conclusion, some morphemes have more than one phonetic representation depending on the sounds that precede or follow them, but they all mean the same thing and serve the same purpose. For example, the phonetic representation of plural morphemes is either ( s ) cats, ( z ) dogs or ( ez ) churches. Each of these three different phonetic forms is said to be an allomorph of the same morpheme.
Derivational and Inflectional Affixes
They typically indicate semantic relations within the word, eg, the -full morpheme in pain has no particular relation to any other morpheme beyond the word painful. They typically occur with only a few members of a morpheme class, e.g., the suffix hood occurs with only a few nouns such as brother, neighbor, and knight, but not with most others, e.g., friend,. The same is true for participles, eg plural, possessive and third person singular suffixes can all sound the same.
If you know that spring is the name of a season, but don't know that it also means "the place where water comes out of the earth" or "jumping" or "a part of a watch," do you know the meaning of spring or just one of its several meanings. Consider each of the following suffixes; determine. i) the part of speech of the expressions with which the suffix combines, (ii) the part of speech of the expressions formed by the addition of the suffix, (iii) the approximate meaning of the suffix, and (iv) find five more examples. In the following story, fill in each blank space with the missing part of the compound word.
But now it means "a likeness or representation." The opposite of figurative language is literal language. There are four main types of abbreviations in general use. abbreviations of English or Latin phrases, in which the first letters, or sometimes the syllables, of words are given, as in p.a. abbreviation of the Latin phrase for year) meaning annual. This type of abbreviation is often used with science vocabulary. most common): abbreviations of polysyllabic words, consisting of the shortest possible abbreviations, which are easily distinguished, as in doz.
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Content Words and Function Words
One distinguishing mark can be found in a typical dictionary entry for words.
Words And Their Structure Word
Simple and Compound Words
The most common type of compound is one in which the first element modifies the meaning of the second, as in berry, bookshelf, and goldfish. Find one of the compound words from the list on the right that fits the blank space of each statement on the left. Write your interpretations of the sentence on the line below each number and discuss them.
First, look closely at the different definitions of each of the words listed in this exercise. The paid jobs that most women did in the past were just extensions of the work they did at home. The meaning of the sentences is the same, but the others are different; find it and circle the letter.
It's interesting to see how many parts of the body are used in equations. Choose the name of a part of the body on the right that best fits the blank space in each sentence. In the sentences below, the names of the body parts have their usual meanings.
Let the cat out of the bag give away a secret or let someone find out. Learners are supposed not to be confused by the terms, but more important is the meaning. Often we shorten words without paying attention to the derivational morphology of the word (or related words).
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Multiple-Meaning Words
A plate is a household appliance usually kept in the kitchen and used for serving or setting up; while a guitar is a six-stringed musical instrument. So from this brief explanation, words in group A have only one meaning and there is no ambiguity. Words in group B, on the other hand, have multiple meanings and are still ambiguous in meanings, and the meanings become clear from context.
The true meaning of a word will depend on the context in which that word is used and whether in that particular sentence, the word is used as a noun, verb, or other part of speech. This time don't use a dictionary, but try to get the meaning through the contexts in which the picture is used. Study the sentences and try to give the specific meaning of game as it is used in different sentences.
The firemen played with the hose in the part where the flame was most treacherous. Seven days without water can be a week' is a pun Now that you have worked through the sentences above, discuss the different meanings you have given to the pun in each of the sentences. Find the following words in your dictionary and use them in at least three different meanings.
I cannot decide to accept your offer unless you can give me a reasonable figure of the total cost. At the doctor's office, a nurse usually calls the patients when the doctor is ready to see them. The baseball manager called the young player the best pitcher he had seen in the past ten years.
Literal and Figurative Meanings
Usually a metaphor is created by using some form of the verb "to be". For example, if we say "life is a hungry animal", the hungry animal has become a metaphor for life. For example: "She is beautiful as the ocean at dawn." In the example, we present a simile that directs the reader's attention to a simile that emphasizes the essence of an object or person; it is easy for us to perceive the loveliness of a woman through our perception of the connotations of the loveliness of the ocean at dawn.
Idioms, Collocation and Phrasal Verbs
From the group of homophones, write the pair that will complete each of the following sentences. Similarly, 'cow', 'horse', pig' and 'dog' are all hyponyms of the parent 'animal'. The basic meaning of the word alternative was 'option' or 'choice', and the meaning of alternative, 'one after the other'.
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English Word Formation
While many words in English are inherited from other levels of the language, many more words came into it through other means. Indeed, we are always adopting new words into English, and below are some of the methods and general textual processes by which this is done. A compound is a combination of parts of two words, usually the beginning of one word and the end of the other.
Motel, for example, is from motor and hotel, meaning a hotel for motorists; brunch is derived from breakfast and lunch, meaning one meal instead of both breakfast and lunch. The exam has been clipped from the exam, college from college and either taxi or cab from taxi (even a clip from the cabriolet cabriolet). Coining is the creation of a new word by using neither words from another language nor morphemes and words that already exist in English.
Fill in the blank with the appropriate compound you form from the words in brackets. For purely personal reasons, I would prefer to fly in an airplane than in a jet, although many people think that the latter is much more. She feels that chicken prepared this way is much more delicious than simple frying.
Synonym, Antonym, Homophone, Homonym,
After finding a (quiet, quiet, secret, subdued) place in the library, she settled down to study. Fill in the blank with the antonym of the italicized word in each sentence. that the cat is ugly. Write the correct homophone—or sound-alike—for the italicized words in the following sentences.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush (something you actually have is worth more than something you might get). Set a thief to catch a thief (use an expert in the same field to catch an expert).
Confusable Words
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