i
LEARNING THE STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION AND PERCEPTION IN E-LEARNING ENGLISH (CASE STUDY AT VOCATIONAL
SCHOOL IN BANYUWANGI) IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
THESIS Presented to Graduate Program University of Islam Malang
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Magister in English Language Education
BY:
MILA TRESNAWATI 21902073046
UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM MALANG GRADUATE PROGRAM
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM 2021
viii
Tresnawati, Mila, 2022. Learning the Students’ motivation and Perception in E- Learning English (case study at Vocational school in Banyuwangi) in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Thesis, English Education department, post graduate program. University of Islam Malang: Advisor (1) Dr. Dzul Fikri, M.Pd Keywords: Students’ perception, students’ motivation, E – Learning English.
This study aimed to know and reveal the deep students’ perception and motivation through E-Learning English during pandemic. E-Learning was the only option such a new normal in learning process during Covid-19 outbreak. The subject of this study were sixty eight of tenth grade students at SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi. The research was qualitative research.
The data collection technique was undertaken by adimistiring online questionnaires through Google Form and use the technique of deep interview by using Whatssapp video call group. There were sixty eight students participated in giving questionnaire and there were nine students participated in undertaking the deep interview at tenth grade students of SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi. The data were analyzed and interpreted through qualitative procedure.
The findings indicated that the majority of students at tenth grade of SMK Sritanjung have a belief that E-Learning English had both positive and negative insights. Students enjoyed online class and could explore the source of learning. In contrast, students had difficulty to join E-Learning then they thought that E- Learning really wasted their internet quota. The result of this study indicated that the students really motivate to learn during E-Learning so that they become autonomous learners. The students had high discipline to the deadline task and freely expressed their ideas during E-Learning classroom. To conclude, most of students thought that E-Learning really wasted their internet quota so that this E- Learning in the pandemic still on global debate and raises some challenges for stakeholders around environment of education. Based on the findings, the researcher suggested that the teachers should be more attractive in the E-Learning classroom and the government as the central controller should create a policy that ease students and teachers conduct E-Learning activities.
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter provides background information related to subject matter triggered to be explored and analyzed, present the background why the researcher have motivation to do research on the subject matter, and general aims of doing the research.
1.1 Introduction
All elements related to education always seek to improve the quality to be better because education is important and very important for the needs of the nation. As stated in Law Number 20 of 2003 regarding the national education system which contains the obligations of the future nation to have expertise in applying the material that has been studied and has critical skills to provide solutions to existing problems (Muhibbin, 2015)
In Indonesia, English is a foreign language as well as a global language that must be mastered to support various aspects of life, one of which is learning in education. Amberg and Vause (2009:2) stated that a language is a communication tool, and in a social context communication almost always occurs. This is one reason why effective communication requires understanding and recognition of the relationship betwee n language and the people who use it. Learning foreign languages refers to conditions where a language that is not spoken by the surrounding community so that the community learns and acquires non-native languages or what are commonly referred to as foreign languages (Fasold and Linton, 2006:434). Fatiha et al. (2014:121)
stated that English language has become the international language which widely adopted for communication worldwide, as it became a tool of communication between native and non-native speakers.
The period of the Covid-19 pandemic starting at the end of January 2020 emerged because of the virus outbreak Corona originating from the city of Wuhan, China. Corona virus is a microorganism cause respiratory problems ranging from mild to severe symptoms, mass incubation between 6 to 14 days, the spread of this virus is very easy and very fast because can be through direct contact with other humans who have been infected, and therefore all activities that involve associations with many people are stopped and diverted to WFH or working from home is used to prevent the transmission and spread of Covid-19 (Wahyu Aji Fatma Dewi, 2020).
In Indonesia, there are still many teaching and learning activities that prioritize face-to-face meetings in class. However, with the Covid-19 pandemic widespread in Indonesia, all activities must be carried out from home. Directorate General of Disease Prevention and Control (2020:11) stated that Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a new type of virus that has never been identified in humans. Coronavirus is a zoonosis (can be transmitted between animals or humans). Covid-19 pandemic first appeared in the city of Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019 and began to plague in Indonesia in early March 2020.
Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia through Permendikbud No 4 The year 2020 provides a policy on learning sequences in emergencies the spread of Covid-19. Based on this government decree, teaching and learning activities at schools are transferred to online schools or online in their
respective homes, this effort carried out so that learning continues even though it is done online. At the same time with provisions requiring the online learning process to make it more than just affects the desire of students to only learn, but also has an effect the most important ability of educators in using learning methods and tools (Rusdiana, 2020)
E-Learning is the best choice for education in the midst of the Covid19 outbreak. Government policy to limit student interaction in school during this pandemic, namely by apply distance learning or online learning (online). According to Suartama (2014:20), through E-Learning, the material provided to students can be accessed anytime and from anywhere, in addition to getting material that can be enriched or equipped with a variety of supporting learning resources including multimedia that can be supported by teachers. Furthermore, Ghiardini (2011:9) stated that E-Learning can offer one effective teaching method, such as practicing with related feedback, personalizing learning paths based on student needs, combining collaborative activities with independent study, and using simulations and games.
The researcher is interested in exploring student perceptions and motivation after experiencing the learning process through E-Learning. Perception is a process concerning messages or communication against giving meaning received through perceptions of students continuously hold relationship with his environment, relationship this is done through the senses, namely the senses sight, hearing, touch, taste, and kisser (Slamento, 2010). Learning English online is of course cause different perceptions for each student. This is because perceptions that arise from students come from their current observations and experiences learning process. For example, online
learning on multiple students can increase interest and motivation in learning but a few. While motivation is a psychological phenomenon in the 4 forms of an impulse that arises in a person consciously to take action with a specific purpose (Prihartanta, 2015:3). By knowing students' perception, the teacher can understand students better. However, in this study, the researcher also pays attention to students’
motivation.
There is study from El-Seoud, Taj-Eddin, I. A., Seddiek, N., El-Khouly, M. M.,
& Nosseir, A. (2014) who conducted research to investigate student motivation towards the effects of E-Learning. In this study, there were 159 students who participated and 124 questionnaires were completed correctly and used in this study. Then the results are obtained that one of the important factors for the success of students in the E- Learning process is self- motivation. As a result, in order to progress well and successfully use all of the E-Learning tools to effectively access online information, some students need the necessary hardware and some special skills. Of course, E- Learning will increase student motivation and involvement to learn and help them become independent learners.
The previous study conducted by Nurani & Widiati, (2021), shows that students are perceived positively not only online listening course method, but also the difficulty of the method. It means they agree that online listening courses can be useful in this pandemic condition, but they also still have some difficulties to join. The last, Agung, A. S. N., Surtikanti, M. W., & Charito A. Quinones, O. (2020) the result of this study identified three major obstacles, they are:1) Availability and sustainability of internet connection, 2) Teaching media accessibility and 3) Tool compatibility for accessing
media. Accessibility is an important factor in influence the success of E-Learning.
As a result, it decided to work within the framework of task-based instruction, as it involves learners’ active participation in sharing and exchanging information through problem-solving situations and triggers meaningful use of the target language (Adnan, Muhammad 2020). Thus, perception will arise because the learning system that usually uses the face to face method turns into total E-Learning.
There will be many perception, such as pros and cons of changing this system from each generation at tenth grade of SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi students’
perception and motivation for their new normal learning during Covid-19.
Furthermore, the previous studies have similarities with this study where they all use E-Learning in education. However, this study is slightly different from the above study where this study analyzes students' perceptions and motivations towards E- Learning which can be used as an evaluation and for further research on E-Learning. In addition, the striking difference from this research is the time spent of the participant toward E- Learning and it conduct at SMK that English course is not their major course so that will be many problem and challenges for them through new normal learning that can affect their motivation and perception, namely when the Covid-19 pandemic is an epidemic in Indonesia so that E-Learning is the only option to continue learning activities.
1.1 Research Questions
Research problem is a specific issue, difficulty, contradiction, or gap in knowledge that you will aim to address in your research. You might look for practical problems aimed at contributing to change, or theoretical problems aimed at expanding knowledge. In this research the research problem:
1. How do students at SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi perceive the use of E-Learning platform in covid-19 pandemic?
2. How are students’ motivations toward English E-Learning during Covid-19 pandemic?
1.1 Research Objectives
Research objectives are usually expressed in lay terms and are directed as much to the client as to the researcher. Research objectives may be linked with a hypothesis or used as a statement of purpose in a study that does not have a hypothesis. The objective of this research based on the research above is to know how do students perceived the use of E- Learning.
1.2 Scope and Limitation of the study
This research will be conducted at tenth grade students of SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi. It will focus to know students’ perception and motivation about E-learning and how their experience as long as they learn English through E-Learning during Covid-19 outbreak. The limitation of this study during the implementation in gathering data is internet connection, internet package and preparation. Also, no testing reliability of each questionnaire statements’ due to merely expose the phenomena of students’ perception and motivation in E-Learning during Covid – 19 pandemic because the limitation of time.
1.3 Significance of The Study
The result from this research is to expect to be use theoretical and practically:
Theoretically is expected that the findings of this study can support and complement previous theories related to the use of E-Learning for learning English. Then practically, the research expects that the finding of the research can be useful for students that E-Learning can be used as a learning medium for learning English during the Covid-19 pandemic. Students can use E-Learning to learn English material even through in a distance way without face to face directly in the classroom so that the subject matter is not left behind. In addition for teachers, it is hoped that this research can provide inspiration or ideas to teachers in teaching English through E-Learning.
Teachers can use E - Learning as an alternative medium for teaching English without having to face to face directly in the classroom. Then from the perception of students the teacher can know the extent of student understanding of the material delivered through E-Learning, whether there are obstacles or not.
1.1 Definition of Key Terms
To avoid the ambiguity and misinterpretation in understanding this study, the researcher provides the specific explanation the key terms which are used in this research as bellow.
Perception is a way of regarding, understanding, interpreting something, a mental impression.process that is preceded by the sensing process, which is the process of receiving stimulus by individuals through the sensory devices or also called sensory processes. But the process does not just stop, but the stimulus is continued and the next process is the process of perception (Walgito, 2010:99). Perception here refers to students’ perception in English E-Learning of SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi.
Motivation is a psychological phenomenon in the form of an impulse that arises in a person consciously to take action with a specific purpose (Prihartanta, 2015:3).
The researcher dig out the motivation of tenth grade SMK Sritanjung students’ in E- Learning English during Covid-19 pandemic.
E-Learning means material provided to students can be accessed anytime and from anywhere, in addition to getting material that can be enriched or equipped with a variety of supporting learning resources including multimedia that can be supported by teachers (Suartama, 2014:20). E-Learning in this study refers to how the teachers using such media in order to teach students at SMK Sritanjung Banyuwangi.
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CHAPTER VI
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
This chapter presents the last part of the study which concludes the finding of this research and suggestion for future research.
6.1 Conclusion
This part presents the conclusion of the research. The conclusion is excerpted from the findings and discussion of the research. In general, the present study reveals the students who have positive and negative insights toward English teaching learning activities via online. In another side, students are highly motivated to join online classroom. Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation play significant role for students to join online classroom.
Based on the drawing of findings and discussion, it can be catalyzed into several essential points which the students are highly motivated by having online.
Being more discipline, being autonomous learners, being more freely in expressing their ideas are the forms of motivation found in this present study. In addition, the students have positive assumptions toward online learning. They asserted that online learning be more enjoyable than conventional classroom. They also stated that during online learning, they are able to explore the source of learning via online. In contrast, the students also have negative opinions regarding online learning. They believed that online learning makes a gap between teachers and students, miscommunication and misunderstanding often occur while having online learning. Besides, another negative
opinion is about internet connectivity. Most of students think that online learning really wastes their internet quota. Even though in the beginning of pandemic, the government provides a free internet quota but it only stands for a while.
6.1 Suggestion
The online learning in the pandemic catalyzes a global debate on how the teaching and learning activities should be conducted. This study, especially the issue about online learning, raises some challenges for stakeholders around environment of education. The researcher summarizes the challenges raised as suggestions and future development for:
1. The teacher
The shift from conventional classroom to online classroom brings some fundamental changes in teaching-learning activities. The teachers should consider some aspects during online. The strategy of teaching is one of prominent things in online learning. The media the teachers used and the way of conveying materials also must be considered well. Besides, the teachers should be sensitive to the condition of students. The teachers should be more attractive in the online classroom. This is done to improve learning motivation of students so that they will enjoy and motivate to learn English via online.
2. The government
Teaching and learning activity amidst global pandemic has created a new challenge for any stakeholders of education including the government. The government as the central controller should create a policy that ease students and teachers conduct
online teaching-learning activities. One of successful standard of online learning is the availability of internet connection. Stability internet connection and the availability of the quota become main issue in online learning. Not many students are in good internet connection area. Those who live in rural area have difficulties to access online learning due to restriction of internet connections.
Moreover, quota availability becomes another important issue of online learning.
Actually, in the beginning of pandemic the government has assisted the students by giving them free internet quota to join online learning. However, nowadays, the assistance of giving internet quota from government has been stopped. Therefore, most of students feel like joining online learning will waste their internet quota and they become lazy to join online learning.
1. Future research
This study about students’ perception toward learning English via online can be explored further by future researcher. It is suggested that future researcher can examine the similar topic of the research in different background and level of education in order to confirm the result of the study and to enrich the literature. In addition, the future researchers are able to examine the potential used of digital learning from the view of English teachers. The results of this study also contribute to the realm of designing online learning activities.
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