Supplementary Table 1. National Cancer Screening Program in Korea (as of 2015)
Cancer Target population Frequency Test or procedure Co-
payment† (USD) Stomach 40 and over (adults) Every 2 years Endoscopy or
Upper Gastrointestinal Series 7 Liver 40 and over
(High-risk group*) Every 6 months Ultrasonography and alpha- fetoprotein
Colorectal 50 and over (adults) Every 1 year‡ Fecal Occult Blood Test§ 0.5 Breast 40 and over
(women) Every 2 years Mammography and
Clinical breast exam 3.5
Cervix 30 and over
(women) Every 2 years Pap smear 0
†Co-payment is applied only for those with higher income (upper 50%) and accounted for 20% of total price. No co-payment is applicable to low-income individuals (lower 50%). There is no co-payment for cervical cancer screening regardless of income level.
*Patients at high risk for liver cancer include those with chronic hepatitis determined by serological evidence of infection with hepatitis B or C virus or liver cirrhosis.
‡Colorectal screening was provided every 2 years until 2011and every year since 2012.
§Colonoscopy or barium enema follows if fecal occult blood test is positive.
Supplementary Table 2. Age- and sex-adjusted liver cancer surveillance rates based on presence, severity, and type of disability over a 10-year period
Year
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Age- and sex-adjusted proportion
People without
disabilities 24.9 30.7 31.9 40.2 45.5 46.0 41.6 45.8 52.2 54.5
People with disabilities 25.7 30.6 33.6 40.3 45.2 43.9 40.4 43.2 48.9 49.6
By Disability Grade
Severe (Grade 1-3) 20.8 26.2 28.4 35.4 39.3 38.9 35.9 38.5 43.9 44.1 Mild (Grade 4-6) 27.7 32.3 35.5 42.1 47.2 46.8 42.0 45.7 51.9 52.9 Grade 1 (Most Severe) 15.4 18.9 19.6 27.0 29.4 34.5 28.5 35.0 39.5 38.6
Grade 2 17.9 23.1 24.3 31.8 34.2 35.6 30.2 35.1 40.8 40.9
Grade 3 24.2 30.3 33.4 40.0 45.5 42.7 41.8 42.3 47.6 48.2
Grade 4 28.1 32.4 35.9 41.2 47.8 46.0 42.9 45.2 50.0 52.4
Grade 5 26.4 30.1 34.0 39.8 44.1 44.2 39.2 43.4 49.6 49.8
Grade 6 (Least Severe) 28.7 34.1 36.5 44.7 50.2 49.7 44.2 48.2 54.8 56.0
By Disability Type
Physical disability 28.0 33.0 36.5 43.7 49.1 47.7 43.8 46.7 53.0 54.4
Visual disability 27.2 33.0 35.1 43.2 47.6 46.6 42.9 45.9 51.8 53.3
Hearing disability 28.2 32.0 34.6 42.4 47.4 45.2 43.1 45.8 50.6 51.8 Speech and language
disability 32.3 30.6 31.0 33.6 38.7 35.1 36.7 43.9 48.4 48.4
Intellectual disability 20.3 23.4 23.5 34.1 29.1 35.7 31.3 34.5 43.6 40.0 Disability due to brain
injury 19.1 25.5 26.5 30.1 39.5 38.2 31.4 35.3 40.4 41.7
Disability due to autism - - - 18.4 18.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.7 18.3
Disability due to mental
disorder 18.3 26.1 28.4 37.3 39.5 39.9 35.4 39.5 44.6 42.9
Disability due to renal
failure 8.7 11.6 13.1 20.8 25.1 23.4 20.5 26.1 31.4 32.7
Disability due to heart
problems 23.4 26.2 26.7 31.9 47.0 43.0 45.7 39.3 39.0 46.7
Disability due to
respiratory problems 25.6 31.9 26.5 28.9 32.6 36.7 36.4 33.7 44.2 43.2 Disability due to liver
disease 7.6 7.4 12.1 15.2 19.3 21.4 20.1 28.6 30.4 30.9
Disability due to facial
disfigurement 18.1 35.9 49.6 28.0 47.2 38.5 56.2 52.9 47.1 56.6
Disability due to ostomy 13.9 16.1 20.5 13.0 31.9 26.1 27.1 35.2 37.8 37.7 Epilepsy disability 29.8 30.1 34.2 37.5 41.9 43.1 33.1 42.3 47.9 53.9
Supplementary Table 3. Specialty physicians who can issue medical certificates for disability diagnosis by area
Specialist who can provide disability diagnosis
(should be board-certified in relevant areas)
Physical disability Rehabilitation medicine physician, Orthopedic surgeon, Neurosurgeon, Neurologist, Rheumatologist
Visual disability Ophthalmologist
Hearing disability Otorhinolaryngologist
Speech and language disability Otorhinolaryngologist, Psychiatrist, Neurologist, Maxillofacial surgeon
Intellectual disability Psychiatrist, Neurologist, Rehabilitation medicine physician Disability due to brain injury Rehabilitation medicine physician, Neurosurgeon, Neurologist Disability due to autism Pediatric psychiatrist
Disability due to mental disorder Psychiatrist
Disability due to renal failure Internal medicine physician, General surgeon (Transplant) Disability due to heart problems Cardiologist, Pediatrician, Thoracic surgeon
Disability due to respiratory problems Pulmonologist, Allergologist
Disability due to liver disease Hepatologist, General surgeon (hepatobiliary), Pediatrician Disability due to facial disfigurement Plastic surgeon, Dermatologists, General surgeon (burn
specialty)
Disability due to ostomies General surgeon, Gynecologist, Urologist, Internal medicine physician
Epilepsy disability Neurologist, Neurosurgeon, Psychiatrist, Pediatrician, Pediatric neurologists
Supplementary Table 4. Grading in the Korean disability registration system, an example of visual
Grade 1 ≥ 85% Visual acuity <0.02 (Better side)
Grade 2 75~84% Visual acuity <0.04 (Better side)
Grade 3 60~74% Visual acuity <0.06 (Better side)
or visual field <5︒ in all directions
Grade 4 45~59% Visual acuity <0.1 (Better side)
or visual field <10︒ in all directions
Grade 5 35~44% Visual acuity <0.2 (Better side)
or loss of visual field >50% in both eyes
Grade 6 25~34% Visual acuity <0.2 (Worse side)
Supplementary Table 5. Grading in the Korean disability registration system, an example of disability due to renal failure
Example for kidney disability
Grade 2 Those who are on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for 3 months or more due to chronic kidney disease
Grade 5 Those who have received kidney transplantation
Supplementary Table 6. Grading in the Korean disability registration system, an example of disability due to liver failure
Example for liver disability
Grade 1 Those diagnosed with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc.), whose residual liver function is grade C on the Child-Pugh scale, or those with hepatic encephalopathy or refractory ascites that is not controlled by medical treatment
Grade 2 Those diagnosed with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc.), whose residual liver function is grade C on the Child-Pugh scale, or those with hepatic encephalopathy or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis within 2 years
Grade 3 No. 1 Those diagnosed with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc.) or whose residual liver function is grade C on the Child-Pugh scale
Grade 3 No. 2 Those diagnosed with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc.), whose residual liver function is grade B on the Child-Pugh scale, or those with hepatic encephalopathy or refractory ascites
Grade 5 Those who have received liver transplant