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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN. 152. Index to Schoolcraft's "Indian Tribes. of the United States" Compiled by. FRANCES. S.. NICHOLS.



^. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. I. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN. 152. Index to Schoolcraft's "Indian Tribes. of the United States. w. Compiled by. FRANCES. S.. NICHOLS. UNITED STATES. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON 1954 :. For. sale. by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Washington 25, D. C. Price $1.25 -. Office.

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Smithsonian Institution,. Bureau of American Ethnology, Washington, D.. 0.,. January. 15, 1951.. Sir I have the honor to transmit herewith a manuscript entitled "Index to Schoolcraft's 'Indian Tribes of the United States'," compiled by Frances S. Nichols, and to recommend that it be published as a bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology. :. Very. respectfully yours,. M. W. Stirling, Dr. Alexander Wetmore, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.. n. Director..

INTRODUCTION One hundred years ago, on July 22, 1850, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft submitted for publication the first volume of his treatise on the Indian This volume was issued in 1851 under tribes of the United States. the title "Historical and Statistical Information Respecting the History, Condition, and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States, Collected and prepared under the direction of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, per act of Congress of March 3, 1847." Schoolcraft, 1 born on March 28, 1793, in Albany County, N. Y., attended public school in Hamilton, N. Y., and at the age of 15 entered Union College. Later he attended Middlebury College, where he showed great interest in linguistics and the natural sciences, particularly geology and mineralogy. In 1817 at Utica, N. Y., he wrote a book on glassmaking, that being the occupation of his father. His first explorations were in the Indian country of southern Missouri and Arkansas, where he studied the mineral resources in 1817-18. He published a book on the lead mines of Missouri in 1819. In 1820 he was a member of the Cass Expedition to the upper Mississippi and the Lake Superior copper region. In 1832 he made another expedition. to the sources of the Mississippi,. and published detailed accounts of. both journeys.. His travels in out-of-the-way places led to a strong interest in the In recognition of this, in 1822 he was appointed Indian agent for the tribes of Lake Superior. In 1823 he married a quarterblood Chippewa girl, who though educated in Europe had lived much of her life in the native way. His interest in the Indians increased steadily and he soon made the study of Indians his full-time work. Needing data on the Indian problem, the Government made him Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Michigan in 1836. He served in this capacity until 1841, during which period he negotiated several treaties with the Chippewa, including the important treaty of March 28, 1836, whereby the United States obtained title to the northern third of the lower peninsula and the eastern half of the upper peninsula of Michigan. In 1828 he helped found the Historical Society of Michigan and in 1832 the Indians.. Algic Society of Detroit. 2 *A detailed biography of Schoolcraft Is to be found In "Schoolcraft-LongfellowHiawatha," by Chase S. Osborn and Stellanova Osborn, Lancaster, 1942. ' Dictionary of American Biography, vol. 16, New York. 1935.. m.

IV. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. [Bull. 152. Schoolcraft was a prolific writer and produced an impressive list of titles, mostly dealing with travel and Indian customs. Some of the more important of these are "Algic Kesearches," a 2-volume account of Indian mental characteristics published in 1839 "Oneota," ;. describing the Indian history and prospects, published in 1844-45; and "Personal Memories of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes," published in 1851. These works were of a literary rather than a Feeling strongly that the material he had collected scientific nature. should be made available for scientific study, he projected an Indian encyclopedia, but this was set aside for another project which was made possible for him through Government subsidy. In accordance with an act of Congress approved March 3, 1847, the Secretary of War appointed Schoolcraft "to collect and digest such. and materials as may illustrate the history, the present conand future prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States." The first volume, issued in 1851, was followed by others in rapid succession, and by 1857 the publication of the entire set of six folio volumes had been completed. Copiously illustrated by Capt. Seth Eastman, this work under Government auspices was the first authoritative general compendium on the American Indian. In compiling his material, Schoolcraft drew upon the knoAvledge of the leading specialists from different areas. Traders, missionaries, Indian agents, and others who had spent a great part of their lives statistics. dition,. with the Indians generously furnished him with detailed information in response to his officially sanctioned requests.. His first act in preparation for his task was to draw up a circular under the sponsorship of the Office of Indian Affairs entitled "Inquiries, Respecting the History, Present Condition, and Future Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States." The first of several editions of this circular was issued in July 1847, in accordance with the provisions of section 5, chapter 66, of the Laws of the Twenty-ninth Congress, second session, and approved March 3, 1847, which read, "And be it further enacted, That in aid of the means now possessed by the Department of Indian Affairs through its existing organization, there be, and hereby is, appropriated the sum of five thousand dollars to enable the said department, under the direction of the Secretary of War to collect and digest such statistics and material as may illustrate the history, the present condition, and future prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States." The original circular recites that it was addressed to four classes of individuals, namely, "I. Persons holding positions under the department, who are believed to have it in their power to impart much practical information respecting the tribes. who. are, respectively,.

INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. "U.. S.. INDIAN TRIBES". V. Persons who have retired from similar situaIndian Territory, or partners and factors on the American frontiers. III. Men of learning or research who have perused the best writers on the subject and who may feel willing to communicate the results of their reading or reflections. IV. Teachers. under their charge.. II.. tions, travelers in the. and missionaries. to the aborigines.". an expression of the "anxiety which is the character of entire authenticity, collected materials the give felt to views in the actual manners and erroneous any apprised of be and to. The. circular closes with. customs, character, and condition of our Indian tribes which. may. owes it to entirely an of subject this on of facts body originate a itself to correctly may be large race at which the from character, authentic judged by all classes of citizens, and its policy respecting the tribes under its guardianship, and its treatment of them, properly understood have been promulgated.. The Government,. it is. believed,. and appreciated.". The 348. inquiries in the circular embrace the history (and arche-. ology) the tribal organization, the religion, the manners and customs, the intellectual capacity and character, the present condition, the future prospects, and the language, of the Indian tribes of the ,. United States. 3 In 1851, as stated above, the first of the six volumes of "Historical and Statistical Information" appeared. This important work, which did so. much. to crystallize the thinking of students of the. American. Indian during the formative years of anthropology in this country, has fallen into general disuse as a reference work during the present generation. This has been due in part to the general supposition that its contents, particularly as to theory, have become antiquated, and also to the fact that the huge bulk of material is badly organized. Lacking an index, the task of looking up particular topics has tended to frighten. Despite. away would-be. its faults, this. researchers.. opus will always remain a mine of source. material. At the time of its compilation, aboriginal culture in the United States, although rapidly disintegrating, was still a living, This was particularly true of the tribes west of the vital reality. Mississippi, which were just beginning to feel the effects of the encroachment of white civilization. The bulk of the material reflects the direct observations of intelligent men who knew the Indians through long contact with them. Mrs. Nichols, whose long experience on the editorial staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology well fitted her for the task, is to be * Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri, by Edwin Thompson Denig, edited by J. N. B. Hewitt, 46th Annual Report, Bureau of American Ethonology, Washington, 1930..

VI. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. I. Bull.. 152. congratulated for completing the tedious chore of indexing these books. It is to be hoped that the publication of tins index will restore to more general use this now neglected classic on the American Indians. Matthew W. Stirling, Director,. Bureau of American Ethnology..

;. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "INDIAN TRIBES OF THE UNITED STATES" Compiled by Frances. [Roman numerals,. i,. n, in,. S.. indicate volume numbers]. iv, v, vi,. Abacactes, brief account of, in, 511 Abacaries, brief account of, in, 511. Nichols. Abipones, account of, in, 513 Abiquico pueblo, change in, v, 689 Abiquin, possibly Yuque-Yunque, iv, 39 Abiquiu. See Abiquico Abiquin. Abisca, a region of Peru, in, 513 Abitanis, a mountain of Peru, in, 513 Abitegas, brief description of, ni, 513 ;. Abacooche. See Coosa River. Aba-inka, Choctaw name for Supreme Being, in, 511 v, 72 Abanakis. See Abnaki. Abanes, brief account of, ni, 511 Abankoui, brief account of, in, 511 Abbacoochees, a Creek town, v, 262. Abbatotine. See Ambatawwoots. Abbetikis. See Abittibi. Abbinojee, term for infant, n, 63 Abbot and Deforest, murder of, i, 217 Abbott, Thomas J., Creek census taken by, iv, 579-581 Abecas (Abeicas), a Tombigbee River band, in, 512 Abegiras, mission of, in, 513 Abel, Mr., interpreter, in, 161 Abenaki language. See Abnaki language. Abenakies, Abenakis, Abenaquis. See Abnaki. Abercrombie, Gen., vi, 226, 233 Abernaquis, variant spelling of Abenaquis, m, 513 See also Abnaki. Abert, Col. John J., i, 220 u, 95, 99 Abert, J. W., reference to report of, in, 403 Abert, Lt., information furnished by, i, 198 Abetto, Chief, vr, 255 Abihka. See Abecas. Abikudshi. See Abbacoochees Ar;. Abittibi. (Abbetikis,. Tabittikis),. in,. 555, 556. totem, in, 555, 556. Canadian. Abittibi Lake, a. lake, in, 514. Abnaki. (Abanakis, Abenakis, Abenaquis, Abinakee, Abinakies, Abinakis, Abinaquis, Abonakies), in, 553 vi, 156 ;. account. of,. m,. 512-513. at Braddock's defeat, classification,. m,. vi,. 218. 401. derivation of name, in, 512-513; vi,. 174. district inhabited by, ni, 512, 559; iv,. 542;. divisions,. 714. vi,. m,. 512. hunting grounds, migrations,. vi,. vi,. 714. 734. missionary work among, 738 other. names. 735,. vi,. 174. for, vi,. ;. ;. population, possible. Abinakee, Abinakies, Abinakis, Abinaqui. See Abnaki.. 270. application. of name,. vi,. 104 relations with English,. vi,. 173-175. relations with French, v, 218. totems, ni, 553. warriors, '. biccoochee.. vi,. vi,. number. of, in, 553,. 559;. 270, 714. See also Obunegos Opanangoes Tarratines Wabanakee. ;. ;.

;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Abnaki (Abenaki) language,. affinities,. in, 512 in, iv,. ;. Abraham),. Chief,. ability of, vi, 281. succession, to chieftaincy,. population. of,. I,. iv,. 481. 6S6. vi,. 257, 523. ;. vi,. 686. relation to Wattasoons, in, 251. See also Crow Indians Upsarokas. Absarokes. See Absarokas. Absecon, derivation of name, in, 514515 Abstinence, Indian powers of, in, 211 Abucees, a Quito settlement, in, 515 Abwoin, Abwoinug. See Aboinug. Abyssinians, hair of, iv, 363-364 Acalhuas (Acolhuans), v, 106 arrival of, in Mexico, in, 515 idol of, vi, 641 ;. knowledge of metals, vi, 600 place in Mexican chronology,. in,. 515 Valley of Mexico occupied by, v, 95 vi, 596, 742 See also Tezcocans. Acalhuas and Chichemecas, dynasty of, v, 96 Acamuchitlan, settlement of, in, 515 Acantepec, settlement of, in, 515 Acari, brief description of, ni, 515 Aca tepee, settlements called, in, 516 Acatl, a day symbol, in, 516 Acatlan, settlement of, in, 516 Acaxee Indians, account of, in, 516 Acazingo, population, in, 516 Accocesaws, description, in, 516 Accohanocs, brief account of, ni, 517 location, vi, 131 ;. 517. ;. 104. vi,. 131. vi,. Accomentas. See Accominta. (Accomentas, AccomintiAccominta cus), a Pawtucket division, in, 517 listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Accominticus. See Accominta. Accouchement. See Childbirth. Accoutrements, description, in, 69 Achafalaya, derivation of name, ni, 517 Achagua, description, in, 517 Achalaque group (Achalaques, Achelaque), an ethnic group, n, 343 De Soto in territory of, n, 35 map showing location, n, 28. modern Cherokees, n, 35. brief account of, in, 514. Absarokas (Absarokes),. of, ni,. territory occupied by,. See also Openango language. Abo, or Abou, discussion of term, in, 514 Aboinug (Abwoin, Abwoinug), discussion of name, in, 515 enemies of, n, 136, 141 v, 39 synonym of Sioux, v, 39 See also Dakota. Abonakies. See Abnaki. Aborigines. See Indians. Abortion, among the Dacotas, i, 252 among the Kenistenos, v, 167 (Little. brief account. 517 ;v, 36. name, meaning. 541-542. vocabulary, nr, 512. Abraham. Accomacs (Accomacks), of, in,. publications. [Bull. 152. in, 41 482 one of seven generic families, n, 33 Achaque, totem of, in, 554 Achelaque. Sec Achalaque group. Achquanchicola, meaning of name, in, 517 Achsissaghecs, Iroquois name for Mississagies, in, 517 Acolhuans. See Acalhuas Tezcocans. Acoma (Acome), in, 304; iv, 77, 216; vi, 686 ;. v, 42,. ;. Acuco. identified as, iv, 26, 33, 39. arrival of Spaniards,. language,. v,. iv, 26,. method of defense,. rv,. population,. in, 633. i,. 32. 689 519. ;. 26 ;. vi,. 686,. 709 sketch of, iv, 26 Acome. See Acoma. Acorns, use as food, m, 146 v, 649 Acqu.inoshionee (Acwinoshioni, Akquinashioni), vi, 298 name, meaning of, in, 517, 532 for the Six Nations, vi, 298 for the Iroquois Confederacy, in, 517, vi, 323 Actopan, Othomi settlement of, in, 517 Acuco, identified as Acoma, rv, 26, 33, 39 Acuera, ni, 57 reply to De Soto, in, 37-38 vi, 63 A-cu-lah, Pecos name for Cicuye, iv, 35 Acutitlan, a Mexican settlement, in, 518 Acwinoshioni. See Acquinoshionee. ;. ;.

;. Nichols J. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Adaes. See Adai. Adai (Adaes, Adaize, Addees, Addies,. Adees),. vi,. 686. brief account of, in, 518. country occupied by,. m,. 585, 596. listed as a linguistic family,. m,. 402. population, in, 585, 596 vi, 686 Adair, Andrew, murder of, iv, 471 ;. Adair, James, criticism of. work. discussion of theory of,. v,. of, v,. 82. 86-88. quoted on celestial cherubim, v, 74 Adair, Washington, murder of, iv, 471. See Adai. Adams, President John Quincy, state of Indian tribes under, vi, 346-347, 418-427 Adario, activities, in, 518-520; v, 521524 character, v, 521-522 Adarondak. See Adirondacks. Addees, Addies, Adees. See Adai. Adic, or Adik, a mythological character, in, 520 Adikumaig, etymology of the word, in. 520 Adirondacks (Adarondak), a name for the Algonquins, in, 521 iv, IDS, 204 v, 40, 137 Iroquois war on, iv, 382 vi, 188 name, meaning of, iv, 3S4 v, 40, 137 population, vi, 270 warriors, number of, vi, 270 See also Orondocks. Adoles, a settlement of the Saliva nation, ni, 521 Adoption, as a compliment, m, 189-190, 195 Adaize.. ;. ;. ;. ;. of captives, in, 186, 1S9. ;. rv,. 53. Adultery, punishment for, among the Creeks, v, 269, 273 Adze, illustrations of, II, 516. use of, ii, 514 Aegakotcheising (Ottawa), census 478-487 Affagoula, a Louisiana village,. Agaces, account. of, in,. m,. "U.. INDIAN TRIBES". S.. Agawam. country occupied by, m, 221 origin of name, v, 221 relations with the Pennacook, v, 222 Aggodagada, the giant, story of, in, 521 Agiocochook, aboriginal name for White Mountains, ni, 521 Agnoles, country occupied by, in, 522 tribe,. 521. ;. v,. Agouhanna, Chief, vi, 57 Agreskoe (Areskoui), Iroquois god of war, ni, 522, 536 Agrias, identification of, Agriculture,. I,. m,. 522. 54-61. among Choctaws and Chickasaws, vi,. 526 Moquis, iv, 86 Navajos, iv, 212 Ojibwas, n, 137. among among among among. Oregon Indians, in, 222. at time of discovery of America,. vi,. 564 at Zuiii,. vi,. 221. implements used in, v, 106 Indian attitude toward, n, 519; 222 Indians unfitted for,. i,. 223. in the Mississippi Valley,. lack. of,. among Snake. in,. I,. 50, 51. Indians,. i,. 211. main products,. in, 270; iv, 665. results of adoption, in. Mexico,. v,. Peru and. 392. See also Corn Food. Garden-beds Tobacco. Aguilusco, settlement of, ni, 522 Aguirre, cited on head flattening, n, ;. 328 Agustine, Michael,. ;. treaty. concluded. by, v, 677. Ahachae, a band of Osages,. Ahahawa. (Ahahaways,. iv,. 406. Ahahways),. in, 514 of,. i,. 521. 521. brief account of, in, 250-251. Crow band, in, 522 location, m, 522 population, ni, 522. Agahonna, reference to, vi, 200 Agamentigus, application of the name, Agamuntic, a Maine lake, m, 521 Agaraits, a Trinity River village, in, Agariata, Chief, brief account of, ni,. See also Wattasoons. Abahaways. See Ahahawa. Ahahways. See Ahahawa. Ahahweh. See Ah-auh-wauk family. 139 Ahapopka, a Florida lake, in, 522 521 Ahasimus, an Indian place name, ni,. Agassiz, Louis, reference. 190. in, 521. to, iv, 13S,. 522.

;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY Ah-auh-wauk. (Ah-awh-wauk). family,. characteristics, n, 150. See Ah-auh-wauk.. Ahchessee, chief of the Yuquache, vi, 702 Ahealt. See Port Stuart Indians. A-hel-tah, a Trinity River village, in,. 139 Ah-hoo-zeeb-kaw's Band, census of, i, 498-507 Ah loc e yoholo of Tuck a batch cha Town, iv, 575 Ah-mau-dah-kas (Ah-nau-dah-k a s), dwellings,. language,. v,. population,. v,. v,. ons.. Ahtena. See Atnah. Ahuacatlan, name of Axtec settlements, in, 522 Ah-wash-tes, a tribe of Dolores Mission, ii, 506 Ahwaste. See Ah-wash-tes. Aiches, a Texas settlement, in, 522 Aijoues (Ajoues), estimate of warriors of, m, 559 French name for Iowas, in, 256 identification, in, 522 location, in, 559 See also Iowas. Aingodon, an ancient sorcerer, in, 522 Ais, a mythological character, in, 523 Aisemid, a mythological character, in,. of, v,. 256. Alabama, Fort (Alibamo), attack on, in, 46. description, rv, 124 dialect,. i,. Aishquagonabi, an Ottowa chief, of. description,. v,. 257. region, Indians of, vi. 32. Alabama. (State), admission to the Union, vi, 393 Indian lands in, m, 584, 586 Indian population, in, 584, 586; v, 480, 481 name, meaning of, in, 511, 524 population and area, iv, 610 Alabamas (Alibamous, Alibamu), vi, 686 account of, ni, 524 Appalachian tribe, in, 29 v, 42 classification, n, 344; in, 401, 404 ;. conquered by Muscogees, n, 32 v, 259 Creek Nation, part of the, in, 559 v, 115, 260 ;. early. name. of the Creeks,. vi,. 333. vi,. 686. of, in, 557,. 559. linguistic relations, in, 404. merged into Creeks, origin myth,. v,. 259;. 266. i,. population, in, 399, 524. warriors, estimate. Alabamas. (village), a. Creek town,. v,. 262. of,. de-. vi,. 386. Alachuas. See band.. of. scribed, in, 523. noted chief band, n, 165. Alabaha River, brief description. Alabamians, Muscogee name for themselves, i, 266 n, 32 Alachees, conquered by Muscogees, n, 32 Alachua, a Florida place name, in, 524. derivation. name, m, 523 See also Flat-mouth. Aishkwaigonabee, Chief, band. Aissance,. Akeek, the Algonquin cooking pot, i, 81-82 Akosa's band, census, i, 458-467 description, in, 524 Akquinashioni. See Acquinoshionee. Akwinoshioni band, vr, 138. Alabama River, Alabama River. 682. 702. Chief,. (q. v.),. 268. See also Anadarko. Ah-nau-dah-kas. See Ah-mau-dah-kas. Ahnenin, classification of, m, 402 Ahoma tribe, brief account of, in, 522 Ahouandate, a name for the Wyandots, in, 522 Ahquedauken, origin of name, v, 225 use of name, v, 226 See ArendahronAhrendah-ronons.. 523 Aishkibugikozh,. Ajoues. See Aijoues. Akansa, synonym of Arkansas. Alabama language, a Creek. 682 682. v,. origin tradition,. Bull. 152. in, 537. chief belonging to, n, 142. Ah-awk-wauk.. I. Red Lake. ;. Alafiers, Maj.. 469. Alachees;. Lotchnoay. Dade ambushed. by, vr,.

;. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Alagonkins, dwelling grounds, hunting grounds, vi, 714 population, vi, 714. 714. "TJ.. INDIAN TRIBES". S.. Alaska, brief discussion of name, in, 524. Algonquin family (group, stock, tribes), attitude of, toward the French, vi, 213, 242 brief description, vr, 96 census returns, i, 458-497 country occupied by, v, 38-40; vi, 31, 32-33. Albany, N. Y., Hendrick Hudson at site of, vi, 101. cranial capacity, n, 335; vr, 574 derivation of various names, v, 38. Albertson, Capt. Isaac, Chickasaw di-. divisions,. vi,. Alapirire, mission of Barcelona Province, iv,. 556. vision of,. among American. Albinos,. 393;. iv, 81,. m,. Indians,. Alcanic type, n, 45 fur-. vocabulary by, n, 494 v,. 34. among Bonacks and i,. 228. effect of introduction,. n, 550; ni, 212;. i,. 434, 435. 556-557, 562. vi,. Indian neutrality bought with, 190 revolt against. law concerning,. v,. Intoxication;. also. habits,. rivers, v, vi,. for themselves, vi, 573 of Mississippi Valley, list of,. Whiskey. New England. in. one of seven generic families, 343 origin. and division, iv, 148 name, v, 38, 143-144. origin of. I,. 523. m,. vi,. 591-593 v, 41 adopting Christianity,. tribes,. v,. vr,. compounding of words. 115 103. iv,. vr,. 201. Algomeequin (Algomequin), name for Algonquins (q. v.) i, 306; v, ,. vation,. rv,. vi,. 673-684. 379-3S0. grammatical structure, note on,. rv,. with deri-. in,. rr,. 353-442. 554. orthographical peculiarity,. 38 derivation of name,. plan of thought. vi,. 174. 673-674. range, n, 36. Algonkin.. i,. 197. short. list. of words in,. Algonkins, a linguistic family, ni, 401,. verb "to hunt". 402 See also Algonquin family. Algonquian stock. See Algonquin fam-. words. Algonquins.. in, vr,. preservation, in, 96. ni, 524. See Alagonkins. Algonkin-Lenapee, use of term,. 372-. dialects, n, 341. geographical names. Iroquois defeated by,. in, iv,. 380. vr,. Algic, use of term, hi, 524. ily;. 504. See also Algonquins. Algonquin language, bibliography, 529-542. general discussion,. village,. 204. ;. Alexandria, arrival of Gen. Braddock at, vi, 215-216. Algonac. 33,. circuit followed by, v, 146. son of Massasoit,. Algics,. i,. characteristics, v, 676. 225-226. 173. origin of name,. v,. 40-41. population,. Alempigon, identification of name, in, 524. Alexander,. vi, 213 481 identified by moccasins, m, 66 map showing location of, n, 28 migration, line of, v, 39-42 period of, v, 39 v,. position on Great Lakes,. trade.. Alewives,. French influence with,. iv,. 471^*72. See. v,. name. Alcedo, population estimates by,. Shoshonees,. 488;. 478,. gradual extinction,. 221. Alcantara, Pedro, information nished by, n, 506. Alcoholic liquors,. 458,. i,. 144-146. 50S. I,. v,. 38. 552 vocabularies, n, 458-481 of,. lish, vr,. in, vr,. incorporated into Eng103. Algonquinensis, use of term,. m,. 524.

;. ;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 6. Algonquins, in, 553; vi, 686 alliance with Menoininie, antiquities, i, 66-69 application of term, ii, 36. Hudson. bands in. Valley,. Alibamous. See Alabamas. Alibamu. Sec Alabamas. Aliche, a Caddo band, in, 524 Alipkonck, location of village,. i,. 304. vi,. 147. beliefs concerning the soul,. [Bull. 152. 33,. i,. m,. 525. Allabamous (fort), erection, v, 278 Allakaweah Indians, population, m, 525 territory occupied by, in, 525. 39. See also Paunch Indians. Allca, a Peruvian race, in, 525. burial customs, v, 81 canoe building, n, 513 circle of occupation, iv, 529. colonial changes affecting,. vi,. 236 107. comparison with Mexicans, v, cooking vessels, I, 81 country occupied by, i, 196-197, 306 in, 559 vi, 200, 206 cranial capacity, n, 332 v, 244 discussion of supremacy, vi, 148 ;. ;. ;. fabric. made by, iv, 139 made by, I, 107 vi,. i,. and. names. 199. synonym. 99. v,. 133. for, v,. period on Alleghany River,. 306. migrations,. mythology. Lenni Lenapees preceded by, migration tradition, v, 98 name, origin of, in, 525 other. inscription. intertribal relations,. Allegans (Alleghans), in, 525; vi, 35 conquered by Senecas, rv, 606 country occupied by, vi, 176 forced from Ohio Valley, vi, 176 history, v, 133-135. iv,. 172. of Alleghany nation, in,. 525 superstitions,. vi,. 658-663. tradition concerning,. v,. 134. traditional home, iv, 606. names of tribes, vi, 32-33 number in New York, i, 524. traditional. in Ohio Valley, rv, 605-606 numerical system, v, 712 origin and meaning of name, i, 197, 306; ir, 358 ossuary of, i, 102 physical characteristics, v, 243-244. ers, iv,. name. of. moundlmild-. 137. See also Allegewi. ;. Cherokee.. Allegewi (Allegewy, Alleghewi, Alligewi), a synonym of Allegans, v, 133; vi, 176 burial mounds,. 137. iv,. ;. VI,. driven off by Six Nations, n, 37. 42. fortifications attributed to, iv, 136 vi, 270, 272, 275, 686 identified as Cherokees, vi, 47 81-82 synonym of Alleghany nation, in, relations with French, v, 146-147, 525 647 See also Allegans; Cherokee. religion, i, 72; in, 511 Allegewi language, last remaining words stature, iv, 349 of, vi, 176-177 supreme deity of, in, 511 totems, in, 553 Alleghans. See Allegans.. population, pottery,. i,. number. warriors, vi,. of, in, 553,. 559. 270. Senecas. See also Algonkins Algonquin family Algonquins, western. Algonquins, western, census, i, 488-497 ;. ;. divisions,. i,. 488. geographical position,. Lenapee subtype, Aliatan, a. Alleghany, Onondagas. synonym. i,. 488. chiefly of,. I,. 488. of Itan, in, 524. See also Ietan. Alibamo, a synonym of Alabama n, 34. (q. v.),. Alleghany. name. at, vi,. at, vi,. Mountains, of, in,. 706. 706 525;. discussion iv, 137,. 380;. of v,. 133, 595. Alleghany Reservation, census, vi, 690 location of, vi, 690 Alleghany (Allegany) River, discussion of name, iv, 137, 380 v, 133, 595 vi, 176 pictographs from, iv, 172-173 ;. various. names. for, iv,. 172.

INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Allegory, Indian,. comment. on,. I,. i,. population,. 327. Lt James, 1, 144, 145, map made by, iv, 189. Alliances, tribal, proofs of,. 148. i,. 268. See also Confederacy. Alligator, Chief, vi, 469 Alligator Indians, skirmishes with,. vi,. 359-360 Allouez (Alloez), Father Claude, contact with Ojibwas, n, 147. missionary labors,. v,. 647-648;. vi,. Almochico (Almouchico), application of name, in, 525, 537-538; vi, 104 Almouchico. See Almochico. Alphabet, Cherokee. See Cherokee alphabet.. Alphabetic characters, antiquity. of,. i,. 343, 344. See Ulseahs.. Noachin type derived. type,. from, n, 45. 525. of, in, 553, 559 See also Malecite. Amalistes. See Amalecites. (Ameriscoggins), an Amariscoggins Abenaki division, in, 512 derivation of name, v, 223 location, v, 223 members of Pennacook Confederacy, v, 223 See also Arosaguntacook. Amatakaules, meaning of name, in, 525. (Ambawtamoot, Aman Athapascan. Ambatawwoots. tribe,. Altamaha River, Creeks located. on, vi,. in, 525. population, n, 28. Ambawtamoot, Anibawtawoots. See Ambatawwoots. Amboy, derivation of name, in, 526 Amelicks, number of warriors, in, 553 See also Amalecites. Amenorrhoea, treatment, iv, 513 American Antiquarian Society, investi-. made. by, vi, 601. Home. American Baptist. Mission So-. etymology of name, in, 525 Altamaha River region, Indians. 740 of, vi,. 32. 126. American Baptist Missionary Union, missions, vi, 738. work,. 698. v,. American Board of Commissioners for. Altars, buried in mounds, i,. i,. 73. 52, 73. See also Altar-mounds. Lawrence, Lapland. Althmack,. drum. owned by, i, 427 Alvarado, Hernando de, expedition by, iv,. Home Missionary on missions of, vi,. Baptist. Society, data. Altar-mounds, devotional element shown. pipes found on,. 699. American. 186, 370. Foreign Missions, in, 517 missions, vr, 738. 512;. work among Indians,. 502, 503. led. 26-27. reference. Alvord, Maj. B., Oregon Indians described by, v, 651. Amacaches, a Brazilian tribe, in, 525 Amahami. See Ahahawa; Watta-. of, v,. 188. knowledge. earliest. 27 Missionary. [Evangelical]. Association,. work. of,. among. 503 American Fur Co., organization '398 dians,. In-. v, 502,. of, vr,. American Indian Missionary Association,. See Eli-nek.. to, v,. American Continent,. American. in, 23. soons.. v,. vi,. American Board of Foreign Missions,. reference to massacre ordered by,. Ainaikiara.. 542. ciety, children instructed by, v,. 506. in, iv,. tribe, in,. meaning of name,. gations. Dolores Mission. Al-tah-mos, a ii,. m,. bawtawoots),. 734. Alsethic. in,. number. warriors,. Allen,. location,. (Amalisfces),. 558, 559. See also Tales.. Alsea.. INDIAN TRIBES". Amalecites. 310. discussion, nr, 313-314. example,. "U. S.. work,. data on missions 502, 503. v,. of, vr,. 740.

;;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. s. American Indians. See Indians. American Missionary Association, data on missions of, vi, 740 Americans, use of term, u, 25-26 Ameriscoggins. See Amariscoggins. Amherst, Gen. [Sir Jeffrey], n, 241; vi, 237 aid asked of, vi, 239, 240 campaign planned by, vi, 252, 259 frontier forts relieved by, vi, 247 successes, vi, 233-234 Amhertsburg, headquarters of Tecum-. Amicways, derivation of name, See also Amikwa. Amidas, Philip, voyage made. in, 526. by,. vi,. Amik, a Chippewa mythological name, in, 526. Amik, Chief,. vi, 261 Amikiminis, derivation of name, in, 526 Amikouis, French name for Dionondaties, in, 526 Amikwa. See Amicways Necariages Ounikanes. Amikwuk, identification, in, 526 Amixocores, a Brazilian nation, in, 526 Amola, meaning of name, ni, 526 ;. Amonoosuck, name of two. rivers, in,. 526 173. derivation and meaning of name, in, vi,. 526; 174. vi, 36,. 615. brief account of, in, 527. song. of,. n, 309, 312. story of,. 309-312. ii,. Anadahkoes, Anadakas, An-a-dak-kas. See Anadarko. Anadarko (Anadahkas, Anadahkoes, Anadakas, Anadakkas), vi, 686. Anadahkas,. language,. 712. v,. location, vi, 704. 708 712 See also Ah-mau-dah-kas Andai-. population,. i,. 518. vi, 686, 704,. ;. v,. 217, 221-222;. 223;. location, v, 221. other names for, v, 234 Pennacook village, v, 230 subservient to Pennacooks,. v, 222 See also Namaoskeag; Namaske;. Naumkeag. Amoskeag Falls, Indians. 217. at, v,. location, v, 221. See also Amoskeag. Ampones, a Paraguay tribe,. in, 526527 Amputation, Dacota attitude toward, i, 254 not practiced by Creeks, i, 274 Amulets, illustrations of, i, 105 n, 90 vi, 603 ornaments worn as, ra, 69 See also Charms. ;. v,. ;. cos;. 83-84. vi,. Anacoana, Queen (Annacoand), in, 23;. relations with Texans,. seh, vi, 362. Amoskeag,. [Bull. 152. Madahas; Nandakoes.. Anahuac, the Valley of Mexico, in, 527 Aztec arrival at, v, 61 reference to traditions of, v, 106 Anastasio, a minor chief of the Cuchans, n, 112 Anasuguntakook, country occupied by, in, 527 See also Arosaguntacook. Anatomy, Chinese knowledge of, rv, 506-507 Dacota knowledge of, i, 249 Indian knowledge of, iv, 241-242, 501-502, 505-506 Ancamares, a Brazilian tribe, ru, 527 Ance's band, Oak Point, census of, i, 458-467 Ancestors, beliefs concerning, i, 39 oriental deification of, v, 406 veneration for, v, 92, 93, 104 Andachkhroh, town of the Neutral Nation, iv, 206, 207 An-dag-weos. See Andaigweos. Andaicos (Anduicos), ni, 403 population, in, 635; vi, 699 See also Anadarko. Andaigweos, Chief (An-dag-weos), derivation of name, in, 527 friend of the Whites, n, 150 Andasta, Chief, kindness to French, vi, 73 Andastaka, synonym of Andastes (q. v.). Andastes (Andastakas), iv, 200; vi, 35 account of, in, 527 vi, 137-141 ;. close of history, vi, 141. conquered by Senecas, rv, 606 country occupied by, vi, 137, 138, 149.

;;. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Andastakas ) —Continued expelled from Lake Erie shore, m,. Andastes. (. 290 identified as Conestogues, vi, 138 identified. Susquehannocks,. vi,. 149. 41. war with Mohawks, vi, 142 war with Senecas, vi, 144, 148 war on, by Iroquois, v, 137 See also Conestogo. Andastoe, synonym of Andastes (q. v.) Andastogue, synonym of Andastes (q. v.). Andover, attacked by Indians, vi, 164 Andros, Dr. F., rv, 243 mistake made by, rv, 518 report on medical practices, m, 497-498 Anduicos. See Andaicos. Anee-me-kees, treatment of wounds, rv, 514. W.. petition signed by,. G.,. m,. 618 reports by, n, 538;. rv,. 603;. vi,. 694. Anhazea, inhabitants briefly described, ii,. 32. Aniez, French. name. (q. v.), in,. Animal. for the. Mohawks. 527. See Animals. life.. ;. Game.. Animals, a cause of sickness, n, 175, 180 associated with medicine, n, 224 attitude toward, v, 420 beliefs concerning, m, 229-230, 520 vi, 658 remains of, in, 272; v, 669 fur bearing, disappearance of, m, 208. v,. Anker-howhitch, at Utah peace council, iv, 596 Anklet, illustration of, m, 69. Annacoand. See Anacoana. Annamosing, meaning of the name,. in,. 527. in Erie league, n, 344 synonyms cf name, vi, 137, 138, 139 temporary stay in Ohio Valley, v,. Angel,. 9. INDIAN TRIBES". S.. Annacioris, a Brazilian tribe, in, 527. forts built by, v, 109. as. "TJ.. 408. ;. extinct,. of California, described, in, 205 of the Apache country, v, 209 prehistoric, use of bones, n, 175, 179. See also Animals, domestic; AnBear; Beaver; Buftelope; falo; Deer; Dogs; Fur; Game; Horses; Hunting customs Skins; Skin dressing.. Animals, domestic, absence, introduction, vr, 616-617. vi,. 564. Philip's war captain, vi, 171 Annencraos, Seneca chief, killed by the Eries, in, 289 Annimikeens (Annimikens), brief ac-. Annawon,. count of, rn, 527 encounter with bear, n, 55 Annuities, Indian, n, 558, 584-589 anticipation of, n, 531 beginning of system, vi, 320 Creek, statement of, iv, 571 effect, i, 279, 434-435; n, 548;. v,. 482 of salt, ii, 589 paid to the Winnebagoes, m, 282 recommendations concerning, ii, 191, 193, 531. right of Indians to,. m,. 615. Annutteligo, ni, 527 Anowara (The Turtle), in, 527-528 Antalis, a tribe of Chile, in, 528. Antelope, hunting of, iv, 60 Antiquities, i, 44-129; ii, 83-91; in, 73-90; iv, 113-175; v, 85-117 architectural, area of,. arts indicated by,. i,. 67. i,. 70-72. attitude toward, of early explorers, v, 108, 109 comparisons, v, 105-117 conclusions drawn from, rv, 658 Congaree, iv, 155-169, 170-172 illustrated, vi, 179 importance of investigation, I, 108 Indian, confused with French, v,. 110 in relation to geological changes,. 111. v,. intrusive, v, 85-86, 116. lack. of,. among. 226 Mexican,. California Indians,. iv,. vr,. 576-589. illustrations. of,. 576-591,. vi,. 636, 638, 644. Muscogee, v, 660 north of Lake Superior, of. Cunningham's trated, n, 84-90. i,. 66-67. Island,. illus-.

;;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 10 Antiquities. —Continued. Apaches (Apachees). of Florida, n, 83-84. of. Lake. of. New New. of. York,. iv,. 174 illustrated, vi, 611. of Ohio,. iv,. ;. Oregon coast,. ;. migration,. New. 612-613 of the Algonquins, i, 66-69 of two epochs, v, 99 parallel with arts and customs, 115 Peruvian, v, 89-95, 657-659. of. manners and customs, v, 210-212 map showing location, n, 28 m, 96. 175 v, 666-674. 660-662, 665-666. v, 113,. ;. Mexico, population,. population,. 528 v,. ;. v,. 484. ;. vi, 6S6,. predatory nature,. v,. vi,. vi,. 74 vi,. 595-. 603. 202 as, iv,. relations with Spaniards,. Altars. ;. beds. v,. Mounds. ;. ;. 205. iv,. 36. ;. Fortifications. Apaches. Inscriptions. v,. ;. 35. See also Apaches Mascaleros; Apaches Tontos Gila Apaches; Jicarillas. also. m,. revolt against Spaniards, v, 212. west of the Alleghanies,. Garden. ;. raids into Mexico, n, 330, 334. 593. ;. 568. vi,. 704. resemblance to Querechos,. illustrated, n, 90. 519. i,. 243, 245, 518, 519. i,. Querehos identified. South Carolina, n, 88-89. Mines. 202, 205. v,. origin legend, v, 687-688;. vi,. illustrations of, v, 93, 94. See. — Continued. longevity, v, 208. Erie, n, 85-88. Hampshire,. [Bull. 152. Newport ruin. ;. Ossuaries;. ;. Mescaleros.. Jicarillas, ruins in. range. of,. 208. See also Jicarillas.. Pictographs; Ruins. Antiquity of Indian tribes, v, 69-70, 8788. Apaches Mascaleros, origin of name,. Anton, Chief, n, 111, 112 Aondironons, town of, taken by Senecas, iv, 201, 208 Aouas, De Vaca's name for Iowas (q. v.), ii, 37. See also Mescaleros. Apaches Tontos. See Tontos. Apalacha, application of name, in, 528 Apalache (town), Narvaez expedition vr, 45 at, in, 30-31 (Apalaches, Apalachites, Apalachee Appalaches), in, 52S-529 ancient and modern, in, 528 included in Appalachian group, v, 42 missionary work among, vi, 734 Muscogee language spoken by, n, 34. Apacahand, Chief, also called White Eyes (q. v.), in, 528 Apache (Apachee) language, v, 202-203 211 Athapascan,. affiliates, v,. and. tween,. analogies. be-. 173. v,. connection with Hebrew,. meager nature. of, v,. v,. 686. 587. vocabulary,. v, 202, 578-5S9 See Apaches. Apaches (Apachees), vi, 686, 708 absence of building among, v, 209 account of, i, 243; v, 202-214 condition and prospects, v, 695 country occupied by, v, 197, 203,. Apachees.. 207-209;. vi,. difficulties in. 704. governing,. v,. 213-214. divisions, iv, 216; v, 206, 207-208. history, v, 204-206. lack of pottery among,. language,. v,. 698. m,. 299. v,. 207. range. of, v,. 207. ;. primordial Floridians,. v,. 99. See also Apalachians Apolashe Asphalashe. Apalaches. See Apalachee. Apalachia, Apalachian, discussion of name, v, 594, 595 Apalachian group. See Apalachians. Apalachian (Appalachian) languages, preservation of, in, 96 publications in, iv, 542-546 Apalachian (Appalachian) Mountains, Indians of, v, 42 ;. tribes transferred from, vi, 522. ;.

,. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Apalacliians. (Apalaehian group, Ap-. palachians), vi, 37, 552 account of, n, 33-35 ; in, 34. "U. S.. Apalousa. INDIAN TRIBES". 11. —Continued. classification, in,. 402. population, in, 529, 531. attempt to gather statistics on, 482 census, i, 508-517 vi, 690 character, ni, 37 characteristics of men, iv, 614. v,. Apanenae, a synonym of Pawnee. (q. v.). in, 529. Apaneo, a Mexican settlement, in, 529 A-pang-as-se, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407 Apango, a Mexican settlement, in, 529 cranial capacity, n, 332, 335; vi, Apani, De Soto's name for Pawnee 244, 574 (q. v.), vr, 495 Apanina, De Soto's name for Pawnee destroyed by Creeks, v, 259 generic stock, vi, 31 (q. v.), v, 495 Apantos, description of, in, 529 map showing location of, n, 28 migration of, v, 99-100 Apaumet, account of life of, vi, 507 name, v, 594-595 Apaxco, a Mexican settlement, in, 529 Apazingau, a Mexican settlement, m, derivation of, ni, 530 one of seven ethnic groups, n, 33, 529 343 Apeche-caw-boway, signature of, ir, 226 population, i, 523 vi, 276, 518, 522 Apecun (carrying strap), use of, m, 515 relations with Spaniards, in, 27-2S Apelousas. See Apalousa. statistics on, v, 498 Aperas, brief account of, in, 529-530 stature, iv, 349 Aperrues, briefly described, m, 530 superior physique, v, 243-244 Apetous, briefly described, ni, 530 supreme deity of, in, 511 Apichiqui, a tribe of Peru, m, 530 territory occupied by, i, 197; v, 42 Ap-laches, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407 tribes composing, i, 197; n, 34, Apokeepsing, former name of Poughkeepsie, m, 530 344 in, 29 v, 42 vi, 47 tribes adopting Christianity, v, 504 meaning of name, m, 530 war with Whites, v, 45-46 vi, 185 Apokess, Chief, vr, 255 See also Apalachee. Apolashe, location, ni, 585 Apalachicola (Appalachicola) Bay, population, ni, 585 mounds near, in, 77 See also Apalachee. Apalachicola (Appalachicola) River Apomatox, a branch of James River, Va., region, Indians of, vi, 32 in, 530 Apalachicola (Appalachicola) town, a Apoquenemy, derivation of name, m, 530 peace town, in, 531 Apotos, an Amazon tribe, m, 530 pottery from, i, 84 Apoza, an Indian settlement, m, 530 Apalachicolas (Appalachicolas), vi, 686 Appa, an Indian settlement in Mexico, account of, in, 531 in, 530 agreement to removal, vi, 445 Appalache (River), uncertain etymology land ceded by, n, 602; vi, 456 of, in, 530 land purchased from, n, 600 Appalaches. See Apalachee. name, origin of, in, 531 Appalachian languages. See Apalaehian population, ni; 531, 609, 619; vi, languages. 686 Appalachian Mountains. See Apalaehremoval, vi, 497 ian Mountains. statistics on lands of, n, 605 Appalachians. See Apalachians. treaty with, v, 499 Appalachicola Bay. See Apalachicola Apalachites. See Apalachee. Bay. Apalocha, a form of Apalousa (q. v.), Appalachicola River. See Apalachicola in, 529 River. Apalousa (Apelousas, Appelousa), brief Appalachicola town. See Apalachicola. account of, iit, 529 Appalachicolas. See Apalachicolas. ;. ;. ;. ;. ;. ;. 936706—54. 2.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 12. Appanee, meaning of the name, in, 531 Appaumut, Hendrick, presence of, at conference,. v,. 667. 152. [Bull.. —Continued. Arapaho. vi, 556, 713 country occupied by, i, 259 m, 403, 533, 596 v, 496 vx, 556, 695, 704 given as part of the Atsina, i, 259 Gros Ventres, a band of, vr, 699. census,. ;. See Apalousa. Appolabamba, Indians of, Hi, 531 Appropriations, for Indian account, vi, 724-725 for removal of tribes, vr, 431-435 Apuala, settlement of, m, 532 Apuckshanubbee, a settlement of Choctaws and Chickasaws, rv, 582 Apuias, description, m, 532 A qua mish, a Queen Charlotte Sound Appelousas.. tribe, v, 488 census of, v, 488 Aquanishuonig, country subject to Iroquois, in, 196 Aqnascalientes, location, iv, 39 Aquascogoc. See Aquoscojos. Aquas-saw-tee, a Muskogee dialect, i, 268 Aquatzagane, ancient Pennsylvania band, ni, 532 See also Mahican. Aquauachuques, a New Jersey band, in,. 532. Aquedaukenash, meaning of name,. v,. 225 noted Pennacook fishing place, v, 225 Aquedoctau, origin of name, v, 225 Aquidneck, former name of Rhode Island, in, 532 vi, 125 Aquiguires, a Brazilian tribe, m, 532 Aquinoshioni (Aquinushionee), a synonym of Iroquois, ni, 532; vi, 188 meaning of name, in, 532 vi, 188 Aquismon, a Mexican settlement, ni, 532 Aquoscojos Indians, colony attacked by, vi, 93 hostilities with, vi, 92 Arache, identification, iv, 30 Aracuyes, description, m, 532-533 Aragiske, Iroquois name for Virginia, ni, 533 Aranama. See Arrenamuse. ;. ;. See Arapaho. Arapaho (Arapahas, Arapahoes, Arepahas, Arrapahoes, Arrepahas), v, 495 vi, 686 bands of, v, 496 brief account of, i, 244 m, 533 called Tattooed People, v, 496. Arapahas.. ;. ;. ;. ;. headdress, illustrated, ni, 68. indigenous to Kansas,. map showing. 536. vi,. 96. location, hi,. name, meaning. of, ni,. population,. 244, 245, 519, 523;. i,. 533. in, 404, 533, 596, 609;. war. v,. 495;. 686, 695, 704. vi,. coat, illustrated, in, 67. See also Kaninahoick. Seraticks.. ;. Arapaho (Arapahoe) language, a. cog-. nate dialect of the Cheyenne, in,. 404 characteristics, ni, 404. vocabulary, in, 446-459. Arapahoes.. See Arapaho.. Arasas, territory occupied by, in, 533. Arauca River,. tribes on, in, 533. Araucanians, account. 533-535. of, in,. Arawak. See Arrowauk. Ar bic coo chee, an Upper Creek town, iv, 578 Arbre Croche, Ottawa settlement described, ni, 535-536. population. of, in,. Arbuckle, Gen.,. vi,. of,. 535. 502. Arc Indians, a name for the Arkansas (q. v.),. m,. 537. Archeology, discussion of Squier's work in, rv, 116 general,. 44-46. i,. intrusive, source of features of, v,. 99 progress. in, iv,. 169-170. See also Antiquities. Archer, Bishop,. iv,. 535. Architecture, ancient, of Mexico and. Peru, of. iv,. 437. American Indians,. steps in. development,. rv,. 662. i,. 342. Toltec, characteristics of,. v, 29, 30 See also Buildings; Dwellings. Ardas, a Quito tribe, in, 536 Areguoy, a Paraguay settlement, in, 536.

;;. NicliolsJ. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Arellano,. Don Tristan. led by,. iv, 34,. de, expedition. 37. ;. takook. Areskoui (Agreskoe), Iroquois god of. war, in, 522, 536 Arica, burials at, v, 658 examination of guacas at, v, 93 proposed excavations at, v, 658659 skulls from cemetery of, n, 329 Aricaree (Arickaras, Arickarees, Arricaras, Aurickarees), vi, 686, 695 brief description, vi, 696 census, vi, 556 divisions, in, 630 effect of smallpox on, i, 258; vr, 486 in tbe Dacota group, n, 37 language spoken by, ni, 630 location, in, 595, 630; v, 494; vi,. 556, 696, 704. population, 630, 631. ;. location, in, 257,. i,. 494. v,. ;. 523;. 96 in,. 595,. 686, 695, 696,. vi,. 704 reference to territory relations witb. of, iv,. Mandans,. 486. in, 254. Guayama, country. occu-. pied by, in, 536 Arickaras.. See Aricaree Eokoros. See Aricaree. ;. Arickarees.. Aricoris nation, of tion,. Arikara.. m,. 13. Arkansas (State), derivation of name, in, 537 iv, 384 Indian lands in, m, 585, 586 v, 480 number of Indians in, in, 585, 5S6 v, 480, 481 population and area, iv, 610 ;. Arkansas (Arkanses) Indians,. population, in, 537 territory occupied by, ni, 559 villages, in, 537. warriors, estimate of, ni, 557, 559. See also Quapaws. Arkansas River, followed by De Soto, vi,. 67. probable origin of the name,. Guayama,. descrip-. 536-537. See Aricaree Ricarees. ;. 562 I,. 269-270. See Arkansas Indians. See Accocesaws. Armeomecks, a location on the Susquehannah, in, 537 Armewamux, a location on the Delaware, m, 537 Armiros, a nation of Paraguay, in, 537 Arkanses.. Arkokisa.. See Bracelets. Armouchiquois, an Abenaki band, in, 537 Armstrong, George Parker, home of, described, in, 113. Armlets.. ranch of, mentioned, in, 112, 114 Armstrong, Mr., quoted on the Choctaws, vi, 526 Arnold, Benedict,. iv,. 121. extract from will. made. by, iv, 153. Fort Stanwix relieved by, vi, 290 Arosaguntacook. See Amariscoggins AresaguntaAnasuguntakook ;. Arouaques, supposed ancestors of the Caribs, in, 538. Ar par. lar tus tun. Town. nuck. chief, iv,. ee,. a Cussetaw. 579. See Arapaho. Arrenamuse, a Texas tribe, in, 538 Arrepahas. See Arapaho. Arrapahoes.. Arrianicosies, location, ni, 538. Arivi, mission of Barcelona Province,. Arrow dance,. description,. Arrowauks,. 28. 556. iv,. Arkansas River region, described,. Ario, a Mexican settlement, in, 537. iv,. classi-. m, 402 description, m, 537 fication,. cook.. See also Ricarees. Aricaretes, of. INDIAN TRIBES". ;. Arenac, derivation of name, ui, 536 Arendahronons (Ahrendah-ronons), a Huron tribe, iv, 204 account of, ni, 522 Arentapaqua, a Mexican settlement, m, 536 Arepabas. See Arapaho. Arequipa, origin of name, ni, 536 Aresaguntacook Indians, location, v, 227 meaning of name, v, 227 relations witb Pennacooks, v, 227 See also Amariscoggins Anasagun-. map showing. "U. S.. v,. iv,. 80.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 14. Arrowheads, i, 77-78 copper, found in burials, illustrations of,. i,. Ascondido Rio, a name for the Missis-. 128 81-82; in, 468;. iv, 175 materials used for,. i,. 78 iv, 159 212 of the Congarees, iv, 159 of the Iowas, ni, 275 of the Sioux, n, 177 preparation of flints for, m, 467 skill shown in making, y, 114 Arrowmaker, occupation of, in, 69, 81 Arrows, antiquity of, i, 77 blunt, Algonquin name for, i, 77 force exerted by, i, 77. method of making,. of Oregon. i,. ;. i,. and California,. of the Apaches,. v,. in, 207. 209-210. Shoshonee, described,. 212-213. i,. Arrowheads Arrowmaker Bow and Arrow. Arrowshaft, method of making, i, 212 See. also. ;. ;. 437-456 at time of the Discovery, iv, 121123, 438-440. Art, Indian, antique,. decline of, on. iv,. European contact,. iv,. 121-122 destroyed by the Discovery, iv, 142 during period of De Soto, rv, 123125 modern, n, 509-516; iv, 435-437 northern and southern, compared, v, 394 northward trend, iv, 123 state of, iv, 435-456 v, 391-398 anions the Creeks, v, 691-693 structural, v, 391-393 Arts, Indian, i, 70-94 ancient epoch, iv, 116-117 and artisans, rv, 453-456 and crafts, n, 511-516 general summary, v, 115-117 household, uniformity of, iv, 175 judgment by tools, i, 70-71 of northern tribes, culmination, v, 115 of southern tribes, culmination, v, 115 ;. overrated by conquerors, v, 95 reasons for decline, v, 116-117. remains indicating, state at Discovery,. vi, v,. [Bull. 152. 598. 88. inferred by antiquities, Aryes, a Brazilian tribe, in, 538. I,. 70. sippi, in,. 538. Aseguang, census, v, 4S9 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Ashegen. See Osse-gon. Ashmun, Samuel, Indian wife of, n, 161 Asiatic cholera, appearance of, in Black Hawk War, vr, 453 Asiatics, compared with Indian tribes, i, 35-43 early medical knowledge, iv, 492494 Asiganoc, a leader of the Ottawas, in, 538 Askew, murder party led by, iv, 624, 629 Aspberry, D. P., work of, iv, 546 Asphalashe, country occupied by, in, 596 population, in, 596. See also Apalachee.. Asquam, origin of name, v, 221 Assama, name for tobacco plant, m, 538 Assaragoa, Indian. name. for Governor. vi, 229 Assareawa, application of name, ni, 538 Assawa Lake, meaning of name, in, 538 Asseguns (Assigunaigs), account of, i, 305-30S alliance with Mascoutins, vi, 203 country occupied by, vi, 202 expulsion from Lake region, vr, 206 war with the Manatoulines, vi, 203 Assenjigun, Algonquin name for Osage,. of Virginia, in, 538;. iv, 304 Assestagueronons, a. name. for. Maskou-. tens (q. v.), iv, 206 Assigunaigs. See Assegun.. Assinaboes. See Assiniboin. Assinaboin River, description, in, 538539 Assinaboina, application of name, in, 538 Assinaboines.. See Assiniboin. See Assiniboin. Assinabwoines. See Assiniboin. Assineboes. See Assiniboin. Assineboins. See Assiniboin. Assinaboins.. Assinepoels (Assinipouals), in, 556 totem, m, 556 warriors,. number. of,. in, 556, 559.

Nichols]. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Assiniboin (Assinaboes, Assinaboines, Assinaboins, Assinabwoines, AsAssinoboins, Assinisiueboes, boine, Assiniboins, Assinniboins,. Assinoboins),. vr, 617,. 539 99 bands, in, 630 called Stone Sioux, census, vi, 556 ceremony, vi, 627 account. 686. of, in,. vi,. 169; in, 402. 257, 523. ;. in, 539, 594,. vi, 686, 695, 696, v, 494 704 separated from Dacotas, I, 247-248 separated from Ihanktonwan, I, 249 shape of skulls, n, 317 Siouan, with Algonquin name, vi, 34 warriors, estimate of, in, 556, 559 Wattasoons killed by, in, 251 ;. ;. See also Assinepoels. Assiniboin. (Assiniboiue). numerals vocabulary, Assiniboine,. of, iv, iv,. language,. 429-431, 432. 416-429. Assiniboins.. Bee Assini-. boin.. See Assinepoels.. Assinipouals.. 117. Assuncion, settlement of, ni, 540 Asthma, treatment for, iv, 512 Astor, Jolm Jacob, fur company organ-. Astorenga,. ;. 609, 631. i,. 141. i,. ;. vi,. Assinniboins, Assinoboins.. See Assini-. boin.. a. 398. of,. reference to fortune. 686. ;. i,. Assonets,. 15. Assoyawatha, vi, 647 See also Red Jacket.. mention of agents. country occupied by, in, 559, 594, 630; v, 494; vi, 34, 556, 695, 704 cranial capacity, n, 335; v, 244 effect of smallpox, i, 257; vi, 486 enemies of the Mandans, in, 253 general condition, vi, 696 language spoken by, n, 169 in, 630 linguistic affinities, i, 248 map showing location, m, 96 migrations, n, 32 name, derivation of, i, 81 etymology of, in, 539 v, 593 population,. INDIAN TRIBES". S.. ized by,. affiliations, v,. classification, n,. "U.. Mohawk. n, 29. n, 186 geographical. of,. name, in, 540 Astronomical Commission, mounds opened by, v, 93 Astronomy, Aztec knowledge of, iv, 665 Indian knowledge of, in, 275-276; iv, 239, 240 See also Moon Stars Sun. Atacama, hunting customs, in, 540 ;. ;. Atacama. period,. mounds ascribed. to, v,. 93 Atacheo, settlement of, m, 540 Ataco, settlement of, m, 540 Atahentsic, i, 18 Iroquois deity, in, 540 Iroquois descent from, v, 147 story of, v, 155 vi, 670 Atahualpa, reference to execution of, in, 23-24 reference to plunder of, vi, 59 warriors punished by, in, 59 Atakapas. See Attacapas. Atalantis, v, 28 Atapalo, a Mexican settlement, m, 541 Ataronch-ronons, a Wyandot or Huron subtribe, in, 541 Atasis, a Georgia band, in, 541 Atatarho. See Atotarho. Atawas (Atawawas, Atowas, Atowawas, Attawas), v, 146 allies of Hurons, v, 143 classification, n, 36 included in Algonquin group, n, 36 location, in, 541 vi, 202 names for the Ottawas, i, 306; v, 41 vi, 202 See also Ottawas. Atawa's band, Saganaws, a Chippewa band, i, 458 census, i, 458-467 ;. ;. Assistaeronons. (Assistagueronou, Assistaqueronons), synonyms of. ;. Mascoutin (q. v.), iv, 244; vi, 320 Assoggoyawauthau, Indian name of Red Jacket,. vi,. 326. Assonet, application of the name,. m,. 539-540. Assonet inscription,. vi,. 113-114, 605. illustration of, vi, 113. See also Dighton Eock inscription.. Atawawas. -See Atawas. Atchipia, Miami name for the. soul, in,. 541. Atemaxique, a Mexican ban.d, in, 541.

;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 16. Atempa, a Mexican band, in, 541 See Sualatine. Athabasca group, origin tradition,. Atnah(s) or Chin nation, I,. Gl. See also Athapascan family. Athapaccas, Athapasca. See Athapascan family. Athapascan family (Athapaccas, Athapasca, Athapascans), vi, G15 characteristics, v, 174, 176. eastern limit, n, 27. 172-179. v,. i,. 421,. 429 vi, 188 king of the Five Nations, v, 038, 639, 642, 643 name, use of, in, 62 v, 163 ruler of the Iroquois Confederacy, ;. v,. 172. route of migration, n, 27 in, 542. See also Athabasca group. Athapascans. See Athapascan family. Athens, Pa., Indian council place, v, 070 Atillan, a Mexican settlement, in, 542 Atira, Paraguay Indians, in, 542 Ati-rhagenrets, name for Neutral Nation (q. v.), iv, 204, 208. Othomie. In-. tion (q. v.), iv,. for Neutral Na204. vi, 505 pursued by, vi, 454 the Mexican calendar,. Atkinson, Gen., in, 2S1. ;. Hawk. in, 542. Atlaco, a Mexican settlement, in, 542. Atlamajacinco, a Mexican settlement, in, 542. Atlamazuque, a Mexican settlement,. m,. 543 Atlantic Coast tribes, colonies planted vi,. 543. 543 Atrakwer, a synonym of Andastes v.), vi, 137,. (q.. 139. Atrisco, Indians of, in, 543. Atsina,. i, 437 See also Ahnenin. ;. Gros Ventres of. the Prairie.. Atsina-Algo Indians, i, 198 Attacapas (Attuckapas), vi, 35 cannibalism among, in, 544. head flattening among, n, 325 language, in, 544. dians, in, 542. Atiwendaronk, name. 125. Atoyaquillo, a Mexican settlement, in,. tribes composing, list of, n, 27-28. Atitlagua, settlement of. i,. Atowas, Atowawas. See Atawas. Atoyaque, a Mexican settlement, in,. relations with other tribes, v, 170. 95-112. stocks represented by,. vi,. 31-32. Atlatlauca, Mexican settlements called, in, 543. Mexican settlement,. linguistic family, ni, 402. name, meaning. in, 543. of, in,. 544. population, in, 544 Attakullakilla, vi, 199. Attakullakulla, chief of the Cherokees, vi, 239 Attapulgas, Seminole town, in, 544 Attassee, battle at, vi, 307, 370, 379 Attatea, aid rendered to colonists, vi,. 2S0 Attawas. See Atawas. Attenonderonk, a name for the Eries (q. v.), iv, 201 Attignaouentan. See Attigfiawantan. Attignawantan (Attignaouentan), a Huron tribe, m, 544; rv, 204 also called. Atliacan, a Mexican settlement, in, 543 Atlistac, a. 103. representing,. 543. 19. I,. population, n, 27, 28;. among,. of, v,. illustration. Atotonilcao, a Mexican settlement, in,. 172 origin tradition,. in. account. in, 543. map showing location, n, 28 name, application of, in, 541;. name. location, in, 543 Atolua, a Mexican settlement, in, 543 Atotarho (Atatarho), i, 13, 18; vi, 743. story concerning, in, 543 Atotarhoes, leaders of the Six Nations,. linguistic family, in, 401. Atl, a. 173. ;. of, v,. hair, n, 322. Black. v,. 402. classification, in,. Atfalati.. general account. fBull. 1C2. Bear nation, in, 544. See Attigneenon-. Attigneenongnahac. guahac..

INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Attigneenonguahac (Attiquenongnahai), a Huron tribe, iv, 204. Wyandot. population,. Algonquin. Attinoindarons.. See. Attionandarons. (Attinoindarons),. synonym iv,. Attionandarous. a. of Neutral Nation, in,. 204. aided by the Andastes, in, 290 Iroquois. name for. the Eries, in, 290. See also Neutral Nation. See AttigneenonAttiquenongnahai. guahac. Attistaeronons, a name for the Mascoutins, iv, 244. Attiwandaronk, attacked by Senecas, iv, 208 Huron name for Neutral Nation (q. v.), iv, 204, 207 Attowa Lake, Algonquin name for Lake Huron, iv, 383 Attowatomig, Chief, TO, 255 Atuncanar, ruins Atwater, C,. iv,. of,. m,. iv,. 132. ;. vi,. 601. theory. of, rv,. iv,. 714. 714. to,. Auke. Indians, census, v, 489 language, v, 489 location, v, 489 Aullagas, a Peruvian band, in, 545 Aumughcawgen, listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Aunette chapco, meaning of name, iv, 380 Auniers, in, 555 totems, ni, 555 warriors, number of, in, 555. See also Mohawk. Aupjeu, a Mohegan chief, in, 546 Au Post, early name of Vincennes, 185. vi,. Aupowa, Chippewa name for sacred dream, m, 545. 140. quoted on mounds,. TO,. Aupumut, Hendric, Housatonics. 544. antiquities described by,. 17. See also Oquagos. Aughquago, Iroquois village, location, m, 545 Augusta, Ga., settlement of, in, 545 Auhoba, a Creek town, v, 262. See Attacapas.. Attuckapas.. INDIAN TRIBES". Aughquagas, dwelling grounds, hunting grounds, vi, 714. subtribe, in, 544. Attikamigues, a former band, in, 544. 289;. "U. S.. sented by, vi, 326 Aurickarees. See Aricaree. Auroghtaregh, signer of treaty,. Aurora Borealis, prayers. 145. goddess of war,. 132. Winnebago. Atzalan, a Mexican settlement, in, 544. iv,. belief. to, rv,. repre-. vi,. 144. 71. 495 concerning,. iv,. 240. Atzola, a Mexican settlement, in, 544 Auanda, settlement of, m, 545 Aubert, Thomas, vi, 48. Winnebago name for, iv, 240 Ausonian range, tribes transferred. Aubrey, M., battle led by,. Ausonian. vi,. 226. See Aucocisco. Auchenauhatchee, derivation of name,. from, vi 522. Aucassisco.. iv,. 381. Auehiapa, a Mexican settlement, in, 545 Aucocisco (Aucasisco), location, in, 545. mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v, 218 Audubon, the naturalist, emigrants with, n, 114 Augaras, a Brazilian tribe, in, 545 Augaris, a Brazilian nation,. Augawoam, v,. listed. m,. 545. by Capt. John Smith,. 218. See also Agawam.. tribes, condition of, vr,. 525. tribes composing, vi, 519. Au. tau ga, an Upper Creek town, 578. Aute, Narvaez. at, in,. 31. vi,. ;. Autianqua, winter camp of 133. De. Autis, a Peruvian nation,. m,. Autlan, population. 546. of, ni,. Autobas, a Creek town,. Auvamba, a Mexican. v,. rv,. 46 Soto, iv,. 546. 262. settlement, in, 546. Avando, atrocities committed by, n, 310-311 Avery, Judge,. v,. 670. Avoyelles, a former Louisiana tribe,. 546. m,.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 18. Awani. See Yosemety. Awegan, village of, m, 546 Awls, bone, illustrated, i, 88 bone, use of, i, 87-88 copper, illustrated, v, 93 Axacala, a Mexican settlement, in, 54G Axacuba, a Mexican settlement, in, 546 Axayacazi, the Aztec ruler, hi, 546 Axes, copper, illustration of, v, 93 illustrations of, iv, 167 Peruvian, stone and copper, stone, illustrations of,. i,. 92. v,. 79, 80, 285. ;. 91. ii,. name for, i, 76 manner of using, i, 76 Indian. 546. v,. 101. fortification called, in, 278 left by Aztecs, vi, 742 Aztec dwarf, measurements of hair, ra, 384 Aztec dynasty, chronology, v, 97 Aztecs, arts of, hereditary, vi, 449 industrial, vi, 455-456 calendar system, iv, 665. chronology,. i,. civilization,. i,. ;. Ayanemo, chief of the Nyantics, Ayauiris, brief account. of, ni,. Ayenis (Aynics), a Florida. in, 547. 547 tribe,. m,. 547 brief account of, i, 239-240 See also Hainai. Ayennes, possibly the Iowas, in, 256 Aymaras, head flattening among, n, 324, 327 language, n, 327 resemblance to Quichuas, ir, 327 Aynics. See Ayenis. Ayotl. See Oiyotl. Ayouais (Ayouas), synonyms of Iowas (q. v.), in, 256,. 547. Ayres, Col., m, 295 Ayutans, a synonym of Ietans (q. v.), m, 547 Azacango, a Mexican settlement, m, 547. v,. ;. compared with northern 595-596 customs, reference. human. to, v,. sacrifice. described, in, 68. m,. 394 548-549. m,. among,. v,. labor of. 547 548. vr,. rv, 444 63-64 v, 96, 101-102 mounds, reference to, i, 62 mythology, vi, 636-646 not aborigines, i, 21 origin, proof of, I, 22 tradition, i, 19-20 I,. ;. picture writing,. iv,. 663-664. protective doublet, in, 69 religion, v, 62 vt, 585, 595 sepulchral vase, vr, 576, 589 ;. social divisions, v, 102 spinning methods, iv, 441-442 sun worship, iv, 639 Toltecs overthrown by, v, 61. See also Mexican tribes. Aztlan, Aztec landing from, illustrated, i,. 20. i, 64 Azuchitlan, a Mexican settlement,. location,. m,. 549. B Babesacundabee. (Babesakundiba, Babe-se-gun-dib-a, Babesikundabay, Babisikundabi), i, 338; n, 158, 159. brief account of, iv, 554. Sandy Lake, vi, 386 Chippewa chief, i, 338. m, m,. 77;. women,. migrations,. chief at. 68. Azocalco, a Mexican settlement, Aztacalco, a Mexican settlement,. tribes, vr,. 586, 594. Valley, description of fruits of,. 657 Azaqualoia, a Mexican settlement, in, 547 Azequias, brief description of, in, 547 Azhabi, story of, m, 547 Azian, in, 65. 88-89, 102-. 591, 592, 594. vc,. v,. illustrated,. 20 48, 71. history, discussion of,. Ayabai Bizhiki, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Ayacores, country inhabited by, in, 546 Ayahuacas, an extinct nation of Peru, m, 547. Azapa. Aztahuacan, a Mexican settlement, in, 548 Aztalan, evidence concerning location,. 103. use of name, i, 75-76 Axixique, a Mexican settlement, ni, 546 Axuchitlan, a Mexican settlement, in,. [Bull. 152. grave-post. of, rv,. 554. saved by Sioux chief,. vi,. 388.

Nichols]. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Indian mission in 554 Baby, Chief, n, 260 Babylon, bowl from ruins of, iv, 492-494 Babylonic dispersion, era of, n, 46 Bacallaos, islands of, rv, 554 Bachouanan, a Nopeming Indian village, iv, 554 Bachtamo, an Indian god, iv, 554 Backus, Dr., v, 517 Backus, Lt. Col., information supplied by, v, 204 Backus, Maj. E., Navajoes described by, in, 70 rv, 209 sketch transmitted by, in, 70 Bacon, Lord, cited, vi, 614 Bacowa, a California tribe, vi, 711 Bad Hail, Seven Fires discussed by, n, 169 Badaxe, Indian defeat at battle of, v, 46 Bahama Islands, brief account of, iv, 554 Bailadores, a Maracaibo tribe, iv, 555 Bainswa. See Bianswa. Ba-kow-a, a California band, ni, 116 Balbuena, a mission settlement, iv, 555 Bald Hill Indians, brief account of, in, 139 encounter with, in, 134 other names for, in, 139 Baldrics, made of bone, i, 104 Balista, a weapon of New England tribes, I, 284 described, I, 85 illustrated, i, 285 represented on Dighton Rock, I, 284 Ball bats, illustrations of, n, 516 Ball game, Dacotah, described, iv, 64 description of, n, 78 of the Creeks, v, 277 on ice, illustrated, n, 75 on prairie, illustrated, n, 75 Baloballa language, tribes speaking, v, 487-488 Balsover, Mr., information obtained by, in, 88 Baltasar, an Aztec settlement, iv, 555 Baltimore, a missionary center, vi, 735 Baltimore, Lord, emigration under, vi, 178 Balza, illustration of, v, 95 Bamondu, myth concerning, iv, 555 Bannock. See Bonack.s Ponashita. Bannos, account of ruins at, iv, 556. Baborigame,. Mexico,. INDIAN TRIBES". "U. S.. 19. an. Banocks.. iv,. Banomas, a Quito tribe, iv, 556 Baptism of Indians, by Moravians,. ;. ;. See Bonacks.. 6S0 Baptist Board. of. Foreign. work among Indians,. v,. Missions,. 503 Missionary Society, work among Indians, v, 502, 503 Baptiste's Band, census, i, 498-507 Baptist. v, 502,. Home. Baradero, an Indian settlement,. iv, 556 Baraga, Rev. Frederick, missionary work, iv, 537, 538 v, 503, 699 Barbadoes, pottery of, v, 28 ;. Barbarism, theory concerning, n, 44 Barbour, Commissioner, population timated by, vi, 705. es-. Barbour, Secretary of War, treaty negotiated by, vi, 418-419. Barbudos, a barbarous Indian nation, iv, 556 Barbures, Indian nation of nada, iv, 556. New. Barcelona Province, boundaries, missions, iv, 556 Barclay, Commodore,. vi,. Gra-. iv,. 556. at, vi,. 130. 363. Barcluxor, Indian ceremony. Bareces Indians, location,. 556. rv,. Bark, cloth woven of, I, 90 huts of, illustrated, n, 192 tooth-work pictures on, vr, 631 use, for huts, n, 191-192 for inscriptions,. I, 338 vi, 387, 389-390 in canoe making, n, 512-513 ;. Barkalow, D., excavations on land v, 666 Barker, Rev. Francis, work. of, iv,. Barker, Capt. Thomas, death 158. Barlow, Arthur, voyage. of, vi,. of,. of,. 538 rv,. 83. Barnard, David, of Tuck a batch cha. Town,. iv,. Barnard, Rev.. 575. 376 Barnard, Timpooche, chief at Euchee, iv, 580 Barnard, William, chief at Euchee, iv, 580 Barnwell, Col., in, 294 Barrenness among Indians, in, 211 A., ni,. Barrens, description of territory as, in,. 345. known.

;. ;. BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 20. Lavoine, brief account of, iv, 557 Barter. See Trade. Bartholomew, Don, adelantado of Hayti, ii, 309 Bartlett, John R., petition signed by, Bart,. in, 618 Barton, Benjamin Smith, reference to work of, n, 357 Bartram, cited on earthworks, v, 110 cited on Indian monuments, v, 115 Basalt, occurrence of, i, 208 Bashaba, office of, rv, 557 v, 218, 228 vi, 96, 151 Basinger, Lt., death of, vi, 470 Basket press, description, rv, 444-446 illustration of, iv, 456 Baskets (basketry), California Indian, making, illustrated, v, 80 California Indian, use, illustrated, v, 216-217 of Bonacks, v, 216-217 of Clear Lake bands, in, 107 of Columbia River tribes, m, 206 of Creeks, v, 692 of Klamath River Indians, m, 142 press made of, iv, 444-447, 456 Shoshonean, details of making, i, 211 use in cooking, i, 61, 211 m, 107, 206 Batata, as evidence of migration, v, 104 Batem-da-kai-ee, a California tribe, iv, 557 location, iv, 557 vocabulary, m, 421, 434-440 Baths, remedial use, iv, 516 Batnaiuh, an evil spirit, rv, 557 ;. ;. Batocudys of Brazil, color. of, n,. Battle-axe, brief description of,. 320 89. See also Tomahawk. Bauka. See Bogas. Bauras tribe, brief account of, rv, 557 Bawateeg, Chippewa name for Sault 557. Baylies, Dr.,. Bayogoulas.. Bay. tree,. i,. See also. i,. 104. I,. 104, 105; vi, 603. Wampum.. Beale, Superintendent, population esti-. mated by, vi, 705 Bean, Robert, mention of, iv, 317 Bear, attitude toward, v, 420 black, range of, i, 433 grizzly, encounter with, n, 55 Bear claws, necklace of, illustrated,. m,. 68. symbolism of, m, 69 Bear nation. See Attignawantan. Bear River Valley, advantages, I, 220 description,. importance,. i, I,. 220-223 202-203. Beard, as a racial characteristic, 362-363 plucking, n, 322-323 v, 182,. iv,. in, 376, 377. ;. 211. Bearded Indians. See Blanche Indians. Bear's Tail, a Comanche chief, n, 128 Beauchemin, Antoine, member of expedition, in, 353. Beauchemin, Francis, member of expedition, ni,. 353. Beaufort, S. C, settlement on site vi, 73. of,. Beaujeau, Indian force commended by, vi, 218. Beauregard, Lt., pyramid measured by, vi, 582 Beauty, Indian attitude toward, v, 272. Beaver Creek, tribe dwelling on, vi, 714 Beaver Indians, an Athapascan tribe, in, 526, 542 location, iv, 558. population, n, 28 iv, 558 See also Amikwa. Beaver Island Indians, a Chippewa band, iv, 558 brief account of, iv, 558 Beaver Islands, census of Indians of, i, 458-467. of,. Indian name. for,. rv,. m,. 558. 526. population, ni, 526 tribe, iv,. 107. 558. Beaver River, erection of fort on,. vi, 301,. 302. See Bayagoulas.. use by Indians,. illustrations of,. derivation of name,. Bax, Rev. Father, labors and death iv, 594, 595 Bayagoulas, a Louisiana. Beads, colored enamel,. ;. ii,. illustration of, n, 90. Ste. Marie, rv,. LBull. 152. m, 114. Beaver. skin, the. 84. standard of value,. I,.

;. INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Beavers, disappearance, hunting of, iv, 61 pestilence among,. ;. built by, iv, 109. as food, iv, 57 trapping, v, 177. Beavers, Jacob, a Coweta Town chief, rv, 579 Becauas, territory occupied by, iv, 558 Beckwith, Lt., mention of, n, 114. Bedah-marek, at Clear Lake council, in, 109 language, in, 110. meaning of name, m, 110 Bedies,. vi,. at, v,. 224. location, iv, 558 iv,. 558. 686. vi,. ;. Bedud (Be-dud), n, 153 brief biography, n, 163. Chippewa chief, iv, 558 Beers, Commander, death of,. stition vi,. Straits, brief description of, iv,. 559 Belantse-Eteas (Belautse-etea), brief account of, iv, 559 population, in, 609 iv, 559 See also Hidatsa. Belautse-etea. See Belantse-Eteas. Belcourt, Rev. G. A., work of, iv, 535, 536 ;. Belcourt,. Rev. Mr., buffalo hunt deiv, 101. scribed by,. concerning birds,. i,. concerning diseases,. concerning eclipses, concerning good and 35. i,. i,. also under. names. of. Bell, Ensign, vi,. 239. former Sec460. Bell, Senator, of Tennessee,. retary of. War,. v,. Indian legislation discussed by, v, 460-462, 470, 471-472 Bellabella. See Baloballa; Millbank. Sound Indians. See Bella hoo la. census of, v, 488 Bellingham Bay, tribe on, vr, 703 Bellows' Falls, Indians at, v, 226 inscription at, vi, 607 Beloxi. See Biloxi. Belt, unusual, of copper tubes, i, 128 Belt-keeper, Chief, vi, 214 Belton, Capt., mention of report of, vi, 473 Beltrami, unreliability of, i, 143 Bellacoola.. Bella hoo. la,. Bennett,. 39. Indian. treaty, vi, 144. 33 I,. and. Bengalees, as soldiers, n, 331 Richard, signer of. Beliefs, vi, 406. concerning ancestors,. ;. tribes.. 159. Beggar's dance, illustration of, ni, 62 object of, ni, 62 Bebechio, cacique of Xaragua, n, 309 Beheran, god of the Euphrates Valley, rv, 559 Behistun, rock of, conquests depicted on, i, 428-429. Behring. ;. ;. 686. population,. concerning the soul, I, 33, 39, 83, 87 in, 60, 229, 232 iv, 70, 225, 265 vi, 637-638, 658, 664 v, 79 fixity of, i, 412 in duality of gods, i, 17 indicating oriental origin, i, 413 v, 86-87 of a Chaldee-Persic character, i, 32 of Chickasaws, i, 310 of Comanches, n, 126-127, 128, 129 of Dacotas, n, 197-198 of Kenistenos, v, 172 of Muscogees, i, 269, 271, 272 of Ojibwas, n, 135-136 ni, 520 of the Sioux, n, 175, 177, 178 regarding a supreme ruler, vi, 572 revealed in pictographs, i, 413 See also Dreams; Legends; Mythology; Religion; Soul; Super;. tail. Bedford, Indian village. 21. Beliefs. 188. v,. dams. strength of. INDIAN TRIBES". —Continued. 217, 220. I,. "U. S.. Bent, Gov. Charles,. 250. death. 271. evil,. concerning land ownership,. 31-32,. rr,. 194. concerning phenomena of nature, 245, 420 concerning sickness, n, 175, 180 concerning the moon, i, 271, 272. v,. i,. i,. 259. 242. provincial governor of Texas, 4S3 Indians described by, I, 242 paper by, on New Mexico tribes, i, 242-246 Benton, Col., remarks of, on origin of Seminole War, vi, 473 Benton, T. H., in, 588, 599 first. I,. of,. v,.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY. 22. iv, 511 Bernard, Louis, sole survivor of Indian bands, v, 676 Berti, fur-trader, story of, v, 186 Berzelius, metal plate analyzed by, in, 88 Besangon, number of warriors at, in, 553. Berkely, Bishop,. [Bull. 152. Big Bone Lick, Ky., Indian belief concerning,. iv,. 559. Big Cloud, a Cbippewa v,. chief, rv, 559;. 189. Big Curly-Head, n, 159 brief biography of, n, 161-162 Big Devils, nickname for the Yank-. ac-. tons, iv, 559 Big-horn, or mountain sheep, habitat. Betois, settlement of, iv, 559 Betting on games, n, 74-78; iv, 64 Betula papyracea, use of bark, n, 512513 Betumke, population, in, 634 Beverly, ossuaries at, i, 103 Bianswa (Bainswa, Bi-ans-wab, Byainswa), v, 148, 184. of, m, 168-169 Big Kettle, Chief, brief account of, rv, 559 Bigotes, Chief, Coronado accompanied by, iv, 40 Coronado visited by, iv, 25-26 imprisoned by Alvarado, rv, 560 Big Tallassie, a Creek town, v, 262 Big-water, Chief, hair of, measured, ni, 382 scalp of, illustration showing, in, 390 Billoxie. See Biloxi.. Besheke. (Besbike),. count chief at. of, iv,. La. Chief,. brief. 559. Pointe, n, 145, 150. story told by, n, 149 war chief of Pillagers, v, 189 Besbike. See Besheke.. Chippewa. chief, v, 98 dynasty founded by, n, 160 peace made by, n, 157. Biloxi. stories concerning, n, 49, 142; iv,. 564. war party Bi-ans-wah.. led by, n, 146. See Bianswa.. Bible, extracts from, in. guage,. v,. Chippewa. lan-. 604-607. Indian beliefs concerning, vr, S7, 105 smoking, no mention of, in, i, 73 story from, in Cherokee alphabet, ii, 228 translated into Massachusetts language, i, 2S7 translated into Natic language, iv, 529-530 Bibliography, of works in Indian languages, iv, 523-553 of works relating to missions, vi,. 733. See Bedies. Bidamarek. See Bedah-marek. Bidai.. Bienville, n, 29. Bigamy among the Iowas, Big. Bellies,. vi,. 549. application of name, in,. Billoxie,. m,. Big Bend and Verdigris mission, 588. Bolixes, iv,. 561 country occupied by, in, 585, 596 population, in, 585, 596; v, 702 Binghamton, N. Y., Indian village on site of, vi, 132 Biographies, brief, of noted Ojibwas, ii, 160-167 Birch bark. See Bark. Birch Bay Indians, population, v, 75 Birds, beliefs concerning, California,. briefly. i,. 33. described,. in,. 103, 104, 112, 120. imitation of songs of, rv, 73-74 Bird Town, census, i, 50S-517 Birth. See Childbirth. Birthrate, causes affecting,. vi, 563 See also Population; Reproduction. Birne, a Utah chief, v, 199 Bishekise, descendant of Black Hawk, in, 376 Bison. See Buffalo. Bizhikins, a noted Pillager, v, 189 Black Cloud, Pillager warrior, n, 165 Black Dog's band, a Medawakanton. band, in, 613. 251 identified as Minnetarees,. tistics on, iv,. (Beloxi,. Bolixies), brief account of,. 251. census,. sta-. movements,. i,. 498-504, 507 vi,. 540-541. robbed of horses,. rv,. 593.

INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S. Nichols]. Black drink, in, 79. 255. v,. ;. beliefs concerning, v, 266. botanical remedy of the Appalachians, vi, 632 ceremony described, v, 266-267 customs connected with, v, 265 method of preparing, v, 266. Black Duck, war expedition of, v, 186 Black Eagle, Chief, pipe found by, i, 7-i Blackfeet,. 198, 219. i,. 179-1S4;. 551. iv, 465,. ;. ;. v,. 686. vi,. census, vi, 556 characteristics, general, v, 180-181 classified as Algonquin, 36,. 343. 197; n,. i,. 179-180. v,. ;. classified as Siouan, in, 402,. 629. "U.. S.. INDIAN TRIBES". Black Hawk, Chief, in, 280, 382 death and burial, vi, 454 hostilities begun by, i, 144 Indian name, vi, 447, 448. 23 ;. vi,. 647. portrait, vt, 447. surrender,. 454. vi,. tribes associated with, vi, 452. views held by, vi, 447, 448-449 war, instigated by, v, 46; vi, 450 led by, iv, 560 See also Black Hawk War. Black Hawk War, account of, vi, 447454 estimated cost of, v, 500 results, iv, 189 Black Hawk's Band, census, i, 498-507 Black Hoof (Blackhoof ) Chief, 1, 19, 301 treaty signed by, vr, 344 Black Rivers, iv, 461 See also Swan Creek and Black Rivers Chippewas. Blacksnake, Chief, ni, 291 brief account of, iv, 560 interview with, iv, 345 Blacksnake, Governor, brief account of, v, 673 Black Warrior, Scottish trader known as, vi, 345 surrender, vt, 374 Blanche Indians, location, rv, 560 See also Blancs Barbus. Blanchet, Rev. A., v, 699 Blancs Barbus, estimate of warriors, in, 556, 559 See also Blanche Indians. ,. condition, general, vi, 696. country occupied by, i, 436 in, 595, 629; iv, 560; v, 494; vi, 556, 695, ;. 698, 704. customs,. 686-687. v,. division of the Sitkeas, in, 252 divisions, vi,. m,. 437;. i,. 629; v, 686;. 698. enemies. of, v,. history,. v,. 181. 685-6S6. language spoken by, 595; vi, 699 leading men, in, 629. 437;. i,. m,. linguistic affinities, v, 179-1 SO. map showing. location, in, 96. migration,. 33. vi,. origin of name,. v, 180,. 686. physical characteristics,. 181-1S2,. v,. 656 population, iv,. 560. ;. i,. v,. 257, 523. ;. m,. 595, 609. 180, 494. ;. vi,. 686, 695,. ;. Blankets, cotton, characteristic of Toltecs, n, 26. found in Navajo, making cotton,. quality of,. 696, 698, 704. reference to wars,. i,. trade. 206. shape of skulls, n, 317 smallpox among, i, 257. of ;. vi,. 486. v,. Algonquin, words. in, iv,. Mexican Indians,. 560. ;. ;. v,. 494. position, v, 494. Blackfoot nation, population, in, 631 tribes composing,. m, 631. See also Blackfeet.. ;. iv,. 452. of the Hah-wal-coes, n, 116 rv, 58 Pueblo Indian, illustrated, iv, 436 Bleeding and cupping, practice of, i, 253, 274 n, 180 iv, 242 Block printing, in the Pacific islands, i, 90-91 Block prints, illustration of, i, 86, 90;. vocabulary, n, 494-505. Blackfeet Sioux, population,. 436^37. 217 212. iv,. of the Winnebago,. 179-1S0. in, iv,. Mexico, n, 28. of, iv,. of the Moquis, rv, 72. See also Blackfoot nation. Blackfeet language,. New. v, 179,. 180. vi,. use. 312, 603. of,. i,. 90-91.