Membuat Web Service sederhana menggunakan PHP
in JSON
Web Service?? apa itu web service, wikipedia
web service adalah metode berkomunikasi antara dua elektronik device yang berjalan di atas World Wide Web. Atau dengan kata lain Web Service adalah fasilitas yang disediakan suatu website yang berupa layanan yang dapat diakses oleh sistem lain.
Contoh kasus:
Misal saya ingin membuat aplikasi android yang menggunakan data dinamis, sedangkan data itu terdapat di suatu web site tertentu. Untuk menggunakan data tersebut tentunya kita dapat melakukan strategi insert secara manual terhadap sistem database lokal pada android, tapi hal ini akan menjadi sangat merepotkan bagi developer maupun end user nantinya.
Solusi yang paling efisien adalah membuat suatu API web service yang memungkinkan aplikasi android itu dapat mengakses data dari halaman website tersebut. Dengan menggunakan solusi ini maka sewaktu- waktu ketika data yang ada di web site berubah maka secara otomatis data yang terdapat pada aplikasi android pun ikut berubah tanpa harus melakukan updating database sistem lokal android.
web service sederhana menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP yang akan menghasilkan return berformat JSON.
01 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `toilet` (
02 `toilet_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, 03 `name` text NOT NULL,
04 `type` text,
05 `price` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL, 06 `from` varchar(4) NOT NULL, 07 `to` varchar(4) NOT NULL, 08 `currency` text,
09 `lamp` int(11) NOT NULL, 10 `soap` int(11) NOT NULL,
11 `hands_dryer` int(11) NOT NULL, 12 `water` int(11) NOT NULL,
13 `tissue` int(11) NOT NULL, 14 `rate` int(11) NOT NULL,
15 `voters_number` int(11) NOT NULL, 16 `latitude` varchar(30) NOT NULL, 17 `longitude` varchar(30) NOT NULL, 18 `uid` int(10) NOT NULL,
19 KEY `toilet_id` (`toilet_id`)
20 ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=12
<?php
$server = "isi dengan server anda, gunakan localhost jika menggunakan xampp/wamp/lamp, dll";
$username = "isi username ke sql anda";
$password = "isi password ke sql anda";
$database = "nama database";
$con = mysql_connect($server, $username, $password) or die ("Could not connect: " . mysql_error());
mysql_select_db($database, $con);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM toilet";
$result = mysql_query($sql) or die ("Query error: " . mysql_error());
$records = array();
while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) { $records[] = $row;
}
mysql_close($con);
$data = "{\"toilets\" : ".json_encode($records)."}";
echo $data;
?>
;
variabel $server, $username, $password, dan $database digunakan untuk konfigurasi dalam melakukan koneksi ke database server kita.
$con digunakan untuk koneksi ke database kita.
$sql merupakan perintah SQL, SELECT * FROM toilet berarti menampilkan semua data dari tabel toilet.
$result adalah eksekusi perintah SQL atau SQL querry
$records merupakan suatu array yang nanti akan digunakan untuk menyimpan nilai dari hasil SQL querry
pada kode diatas juga terdapat statement while yang berfungsi untuk menyimpan hasil querry kedalam array $records[].
$data digunakan untuk membuat struktur JSON, json_encode digunakan untuk melakukan generate format JSON terhadap array $records.
echo $data digunakan untuk menampilkan output JSON sehingga akhirnya data yang ada bisa diakses oleh sistem lain.
coba jalankan kode PHP yang kita buat, jika benar maka akan menghasilkan output JSON seperti berikut
{"toilets" : [
{ "toilet_id":"12","name":"Alkohol
70%","type":"2","price":"3000","dari":"00:0","ke":"00:0","currency":"2","lamp":"0","soap":"0","hands_dryer":"0","water":"0","tissue":"0","rate":"0","voters_number":"0","latitude":"- 6.233256","longitude":"106.86929","uid":"0"
} , {
"toilet_id":"13",
"name":"alkohol",
"type":"1",
"price":"2500",
"dari":"00:0",
"ke":"00:0",
"currency":"1",
"lamp":"0",
"soap":"0",
"hands _ dryer": "0",
"water":"0",
"tissue":"0",
"rate":"0",
"voters _ number": "0",
"latitude":"0",
"longitude":"0",
{"toilets" :
[{"toilet_id":"2","name":"alcohol","type":"2","price":"3000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"2","lamp":"0","soap":"0","hands_dryer":"0","water":"0","tissue":"0","rate":"0","voters_number":"0","latitud e":"-6.233256","longitude":"106.86929","uid":"0"},
{"toilet_id":"3","name":"alcohol","type":"1","price":"2500","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude
":"-6.233256","longitude":"106.8684768","uid":"1"},
{"toilet_id":"4","name":"statistik","type":"1","price":"10000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latit ude":"-6.231326","longitude":"106.865492","uid":"1"},
{"toilet_id":"5","name":"toi2","type":"1","price":"2000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"
-6.230462","longitude":"106.869194","uid":"1"},
{"toilet_id":"6","name":"toilight","type":"3","price":"3000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"2","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitud e":"-6.230974","longitude":"106.867634","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"7","name":"Fahmi","type":"4
","price":"500","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"0","hands_dryer":"0","water":"0","tissue":"0","rate":"1","voters_number":"2","latitude":"- 6.23743681","longitude":"106.8680155","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"8","name":"Bos
Bayu","type":"1","price":"3000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"0","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 6.2322641121184095","longitude":"106.86707675457001","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"9","name":"Nefriana
Lab","type":"3","price":"100","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"0","hands_dryer":"0","water":"0","tissue":"0","rate":"0","voters_number":"0","latitude":"- 6.23495179","longitude":"106.8702793","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"10","name":"Sedap
Baunya","type":"1","price":"1000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"0","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 6.23186415","longitude":"106.8664893","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"8","name":"Bos
Bayu","type":"1","price":"3000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"0","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 6.23226411","longitude":"106.8678760","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"8","name":"Bos
Bayu","type":"1","price":"3000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"0","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 6.2322641121184095","longitude":"106.86707675457001","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"9","name":"Nefriana
Lab","type":"3","price":"100","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"0","hands_dryer":"0","water":"0","tissue":"0","rate":"0","voters_number":"0","latitude":"- 6.230498980727043","longitude":"106.86640620231628","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"7","name":"Fahmi","type":"4
","price":"500","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"0","soap":"0","hands_dryer":"0","water":"0","tissue":"0","rate":"1","voters_number":"2","latitude":"- 6.232328104685706","longitude":"106.8676346540451","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"10","name":"Sedap
Baunya","type":"1","price":"1000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"0","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 6.231368215356651","longitude":"106.86980187892914","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"10","name":"Sedap
","type":"2","price":"1000","from":"00:0","to":"00:0","currency":"1","lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"0","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 6.23059","longitude":"106.866737","uid":"1"},{"toilet_id":"11","name":"mercu buana
yogyakarta","type":"1","price":null,"from":"00.0","to":"00.0","currency":null,"lamp":"1","soap":"1","hands_dryer":"1","water":"1","tissue":"1","rate":"1","voters_number":"1","latitude":"- 7.808495","longitude":"110.270643","uid":"0"}]}
"uid":"0"
}
]
};
By David Walsh on May 6, 2009
Web services are taking over the world. I credit Twitter's epic rise to the availability of a simple but rich API. Why not use the same model for your own sites? Here's how to create a basic web service that provides an XML or JSON response using some PHP and MySQL.
With the number of persons hitting your web service (hopefully), you'll need to do adequate validation before attempting to connect to the database to avoid injection attacks. Once we get the desired results from the database, we cycle through the results to populate our return results array. Depending upon the response type desired, we output the proper header and content in the desired format.
Creating a basic web service is very simple and encourages your users to spread the word about your website or service. Want more traffic? Want your website to grow without you putting in all the effort? Create a web service!
/* require the user as the parameter */
if(isset($_GET['user']) && intval($_GET['user'])) { /* soak in the passed variable or set our own */
$number_of_posts = isset($_GET['num']) ? intval($_GET['num']) : 10; //10 is the default
$format = strtolower($_GET['format']) == 'json' ? 'json' : 'xml'; //xml is the default
$user_id = intval($_GET['user']); //no default /* connect to the db */
$link = mysql_connect('localhost','username','password') or die('Cannot connect to the DB');
mysql_select_db('db_name',$link) or die('Cannot select the DB');
/* grab the posts from the db */
$query = "SELECT post_title, guid FROM wp_posts WHERE post_author = $user_id AND post_status = 'publish' ORDER BY ID DESC LIMIT $number_of_posts";
$result = mysql_query($query,$link) or die('Errant query: '.$query);
/* create one master array of the records */
$posts = array();
if(mysql_num_rows($result)) {
while($post = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) {
$posts[] = array('post'=>$post);
} }
/* output in necessary format */
if($format == 'json') {
header('Content-type: application/json');
echo json_encode(array('posts'=>$posts));
} else {
header('Content-type: text/xml');
echo '<posts>';
foreach($posts as $index => $post) { if(is_array($post)) {
foreach($post as $key => $value) { echo '<',$key,'>';
if(is_array($value)) {
foreach($value as $tag => $val) {
echo '<',$tag,'>',htmlentities($val),'</',$tag,'>';
} }
echo '</',$key,'>';
} }
}
echo '</posts>';
}
/* disconnect from the db */
@mysql_close($link);
}
http://mydomain.com/web-service.php?user=2&num=10
http://mydomain.com/web-service.php?user=2&num=10&format=json
{"posts":[{"post":{"post_title":"SSLmatic SSL Certificate Giveaway Winners","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2304"}},{"post":{"post_title":"MooTools
FileManager","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2288"}},{"post":{"post_title":"PHPTVDB: Using PHP to Retrieve TV Show Information","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?
p=2266"}},{"post":{"post_title":"David Walsh: The Lost MooTools Plugins","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2258"}},{"post":{"post_title":"Create Short URLs Using U.Nu","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2218"}},{"post":{"post_title":"Create Bit.ly Short URLs Using PHP","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2194"}},{"post":
{"post_title":"Represent Your Repositories Using the GitHub Badge!","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2178"}},{"post":
{"post_title":"ZebraTable","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?page_id=2172"}},{"post":{"post_title":"MooTools Zebra Table Plugin","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?
p=2168"}},{"post":{"post_title":"SSLmatic: Quality, Cheap SSL Certificates and Giveaway!","guid":"http:\/\/davidwalsh.name\/?p=2158"}}]}
JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) : text based open standard designed for human readable data interchange.
Format ringkas pertukaran data computer, format JSON sering digunakan untuk mentransmisikan data terstrukutur melalui suatu koneksi jaringan pada suatu proses yang disebut serialisasi.(Wikipedia)
Format pertukaran data yang ringan, mudah dibaca dan ditulis oleh manusia, penulisan nya singkat karena menggunakn notasi-notasi yang digunakan dalam javascript seperti kurung siku [ ] dan kurung kurawal { }.
Contoh penulisan JSON
{
"namaDepan": "Budi", "namaBelakang": "Subudi", "alamat": {
"namaJalan": "Jl. Sudirman 15A", "kota": "Jakarta Selatan",
"provinsi": "DKI Jakarta", "kodePos": 11111
},
"nomerTelepon": [ "021 555-1234", "021 555-4567"
] }
Sebelum JSON digunakan untuk pertukaran data antar web, XML lah yang digunakan sebagai format pertukaran data yang ada. Tetapi dibandingkan dengan XML, JSON memiliki ukuran file yang lebih kecil karena format penulisan nya
yang lebih sederhana. JSON sebenarnya adalah subset dari javascript karena ada struktur objek dan array, sehingga dapat kita katakana bahwa JSON mendukung untuk tipe data objek yang tidak didukung oleh format xml.
MySQL atau MySQLi ?
08.30.2013
MySQL sudah sampai pada php versi 5.5.0, sudah usang dan ke depannya akan dihapus dari internal command php. Jadi bagi anda yang scriptnya coding manual menggunakan database mysql sepertinya sudah harus siap-siap dari sekarang untuk merombak scriptnya memakai MySQLi.
Sebenarnya apa sih perbedaan antara MySQL dengan MySQLi? Pada dasarnya databasenya masih sama dengan SQL dan phpMyAdmin juga masih sama, hanya saja pada MySQLi suport object oriented maupun prosedural. Object oriented nya sendiri sudah build in, jadi tidak perlu untuk membuat class sendiri. Tapi yang menurut saya keren karena MySQLi tidak perlu diinstall, sehingga saat menggunakan hosting gratisan ext nya sudah ada, dan bisa dilihat dari phpinfo. Sedangkan di localhost bisa dilihat di php.ini, di situ sudah ada extension=php_mysqli.dll
Oh iya, trend saat ini, terutama situs-situs besar sudah mulai migrasi ke MariaDB 10, Namun bagi anda penggemar hosting gratisan tentu tidak bisa menginstall MariaDB, jadi MySQLi saya pikir solusi yang tepat.
Kelebihan lain dari MySQLi dibandingkan dengan MySQL adalah support prepared statement, yang mana banyak orang menggunakannya untuk menangkal SQL Injection. Untuk prepared statement ini akan saya bahas di lain waktu (gak janji).
Soal proseduralnya, MySQLi sebenarnya tidak berbeda jauh dengan MySQL MySQL:
$conect = mysql_connect($host, $user, $pass);
MySQLi:
$conect = mysqli_connect($host, $user, $pass, $db);
MySQL:
$user = mysql_query(‘SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `nama`=”subur”‘, $conect); $data = mysql_fetch_row($user); echo $data[1];
MySQLi:
$user = mysqli_query($conect, ‘SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `nama`=”subur”‘); $data = mysqli_fetch_row($user); echo $data[1]; mysqli_close($conect);
MySQL:
mysql_real_escape_string($nama) MySQLi:
mysqli_real_escape_string($conect, $nama)
Untuk bagian yang bersifat fundamental masih sama, seperti:
$user = “root”; $pass = “root”; $host = “localhost”; $db = “mydb”;
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