Need-Analysis of Electronic Learning Model Development to Improve Literacy

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5 (2) (2022) 116-122

Journal of Curriculum Indonesia

http://hipkinjateng.org/jurnal/index.php/jci

Need-Analysis of Electronic Learning Model Development to Improve Literacy

Lulud Prijambodo Ario Nugroho LPMP Central Java, Indonesia

Info Articles

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Keywords:

learning behavior, learning procedures and literacy _________________________

Abstract

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The National Assessment should be able to change the current learning process. The learning process for dealing with the national assessment is a learning process that can improve student literacy. Well, for that purpose, an analysis of the needs for the development of learning models is carried out. The analysis was carried out by developing an instrument of student learning behavior and the tendency of educators to carry out learning. In addition, it is also observed the tendency of tasks given by educators to students. The instrument was developed using the Google Form platform, and distributed to several partner schools via WhatsApp groups. Then after the data is collected, it is analyzed using quantitative descriptive techniques.

The conclusions from this analysis include the need for educators to give time for students to understand the results of their search when carrying out the learning process. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to build a good habit about the meaning of learning when facing a certain problem. His recommendations include including the learning process in the learning procedure.

e-ISSN 2549-0338

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Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 5 (2) (2022) INTRODUCTION

Literacy skills are an absolute requirement for citizens to be able to survive in their era. Because one form of high literacy skills, is the ability of the owner of the skills to adapt himself to read situations and life needs according to his era. Of course, they will live in a new and different way. For this reason, the government through the Ministry of Education and Culture has changed the national examination system.

The changes to the exam system this time are very basic. In the national final exam system, the ministry tests students' knowledge. Currently, the ministry is testing literacy skills. As a form of triangulation of the participants' answers, the government conducted a character survey and a study environment survey.

There has been a fundamental change, indeed, because from the beginning a strategy has been prepared to train students in answering questions honestly.

Responding to the fundamental change in the examination system to become a National Assessment, it is necessary to develop an electronic learning model with the main product being to improve literacy. Literacy in Indonesia is known to have six dimensions, namely literacy, numeracy, digital, science, finance, and culture. In the electronic learning model, three basic literacy are developed, namely digital literacy, reading literacy, writing, and numeracy literacy. Why the electronic learning model? Because one way to improve literacy is to bring students closer to the internet, computers, and android. So far, educators often refuse, if offered "a lesson" involving information technology. They conveyed various reasons why they should not bring students closer to the internet directly. In this case, students are "not yet independent" in learning.

National assessment should be able to make educators more "free" students in learning. Android, an online network, should be the main learning resource for students while learning independently so that literacy skills will become a natural part of their lives. Although of course "there is" some negative content in learning by utilizing ICT directly. But with strong assistance, the negative effects should be minimized.

The fundamental problem in the development of electronic learning models is the need for several recommendations regarding actions or learning activities that can be accommodated as one of the learning procedures so that the objectives of developing electronic learning models can be accommodated properly.

The strategy of writing this article uses a systematic background of the problem, objectives, data collection methods, data collection time, respondents and methods of collecting data, and data analysis techniques. Furthermore, the data processing results and discussion will be presented and ends with a closing. The closing is filled with conclusions of analysis and recommendations for development. As for the theoretical study, it is inserted in the discussion section. In discussing the data, it is associated with the study of the theory that underlies the development of the electronic learning model.

PURPOSE

Analysis of learning model development needs is carried out to know the main components of the electronic learning model to improve student literacy.

METHODS

Data collection for the analysis process was using questionnaires and social media studies. The questionnaire was used to exploring data related to the teacher's habits in conducting the online learning process. The questionnaire was made in google form, making it easier to distribute and collect the data.

Meanwhile, social media is using to dig up data. Furthermore, the data collection process uses Google forms and is distributed to respondents via WhatsApp and collects data.

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Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 5 (2) (2022)

PERIOD

Data collection is carried out from April to May 2020. The data collection respondents were educators, students, and their parents. Respondents were selected based on their education level. In this case, it is the junior high school level. The respondents are chosen at random or the google form link is distributed through the Whatsapp group at the developer partner school.

The analysis was carried out descriptively quantitatively. The results are then triangulated with the issue of student learning tendencies that appear a lot on social media or on google search, only the issue data is not presented in this paper.

THE RESULT OF DATA COLLECTION

Some data has been collected related to the need for the development of electronic learning models.

The data has automatically been made a descriptive graph by Google Form. How to fill out the instrument, respondents may add content according to what they understand about the learning process.

The data were presented in Tables 1 to 6.

Graph 1. the use of online learning strategies that are often used

Graph 2. Learning Models that are often used

Graph 3. Reasons for choosing a learning model

Graph 4. Reasons for choosing a learning model

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Graph 5. frequently used form of task

Graph 6. Assignments were collected through

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Literacy is a basic skill in the millennial century. These components include literacy, numeracy, digital, finance, science and culture, and citizenship. Basic literacy is the building block for the four skills of the 21st century. In its application, the six basic literacy interact with each other. Literacy skills are mandatory skills for teachers and students when they are learning, especially in electronic learning.

Learning practices by providing space to improve literacy do need to be familiarized. Of course, the six literacy need to be raised and allowed to interact, so that the literacy of students can increase normally and intact. The habit of doing electronic learning is a good habit, regardless of the good or bad impacts that appear around it. The good effects can be suppressed, while the bad effects can be manipulated. Why?

because with electronic learning, educators always involve the internet during the learning process. The internet is the main communication tool in this learning process. learning resources, communication, learning strategies are presented using the internet network. All learning processes, when presented by the teacher online, will become random information for students. This information, to be well received by students, of course, requires skills from students to understand well the information. In addition, teachers must also get used to doing online learning well. The delivery of messages needs to use certain and

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coherent strategies so that they can be accepted by students just as what was intended by the teacher. The following is a picture of the role of literacy in electronic learning.

Image 1. The role of literacy in electronic learning

Electronic learning is learning that is carried out using the internet network. The application of electronic learning requires educators and students to have skills in utilizing information technology for learning. Electronic learning, in its application the teacher always utilizes ICT in the learning process. The use of ICT includes learning resources, both in print and other learning media, all using internet network facilities or commonly known as learning hypermedia. In addition, the learning interaction process also uses ICT.

Development of electronic learning models to improve student literacy, using several learning approaches. The learning approaches are the behavior approach, the constructivist approach, and the connectivist approach. The behavior approach is used, because increasing literacy is a behavior that, when trained and accustomed to students, can change behavior.

Meanwhile, so that students can build concepts on their understanding, if necessary, students are also guided to build knowledge independently. The process of building this knowledge requires a learning process in which they are given space to learn independently. In this building process, in this electronic learning model, a constructivist approach is also used. At the same time, students also need to be allowed to always connect with learning resources directly. Connecting students with these learning resources can be done online, face to face, or even only through literature studies. Now, the process of connecting students with these learning resources has been summarized in the connectivist learning approach.

The electronic learning model is a replication of electronic learning. Learning innovations, before being widely applied, it is better to make a replication or learning model first. Some of the advantages of making learning innovations into a learning model were a) learning innovations are easy to observe; b) the maximum capacity of learning innovation can be measured; c) learning innovations can be easily triggered.

The development of electronic learning models can be carried out optimally if previously analyzed.

Analysis of the needs for the development of electronic learning models is carried out using the flow as presented in image 1.

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Image 2. The flow of needs analysis for the development of electronic learning models

In Image 1, the flow of the development of an electronic learning model is described. The learning model is developed based on the innovation that will be built as a learning innovation. The current needs analysis was carried out to develop an electronic learning innovation to improve student literacy.

However, the development flow in Figure 1 still includes all electronic learning components plus literacy strengthening learning activities. The basic component to improving literacy is only one factor, namely the patience of educators when they give time to students to study their learning problems independently.

Based on the electronic learning component and literacy component, an electronic learning model was built to improve literacy.

Some of the components of building data literacy learning areas are presented in graphs 1 to 6. The graphs show the tendency of educators and students to carry out the online learning process. The data provides information that the habits of educators in processing online learning are often more about giving assignments via WhatsApp or Google Classroom. Meanwhile, students have studied the material independently by reading and browsing using the internet. The learning process with only strategies is indeed varied, but when you see what kind of tasks are often given by educators, it seems that there is an iterative process, namely answering practice questions, of course, speeding up the process of tired and bored students. And the saturation of these students often appears on the list of Google, Facebook, or even WA status. Usually, complaints are often submitted by parents. Only here are not raised the various complaints.

The burden of learning in the literacy improvement process, most of the burden is on the students, but if the learning process is made a certain flow and process will be interesting for students. students are invited to interact with problems, are invited to work or whatever. In principle, every learning activity directs students to always be connected with the search for articles in any form. And finally of course to provide solutions to learning problems.

In the graph, it appears that some teachers have started to open up by applying several learning models, for example SOLE, discovery or flipped. However, it seems that the learning process has not taken place comfortably for both parents, educators and students. Based on these findings, it seems that an electronic learning model needs to be developed by including the learning syntax, including self-study procedures. Here, of course, the role of educators other than as a companion is as a motivator.

Giving motivation by educators is of course very necessary, because without full motivation from educators it is hard for students to be able to learn with fun. Educators also need to provide variations, alternatives for students in providing solutions to their learning problems. In the table it appears that the variations in the answers of the students collected are visible, but of course the alternative forms of answers can be further optimized. In this case the cool term is "freedom in expressing opinions".

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CONCLUSION

The conclusion that can be drawn from the needs analysis activity for developing this learning model is the need to include electronic learning procedures related to independent learning activities.

Based on the data, several electronic learning models can activate the learning process. However, the learning process that takes place has a "crispy" impression, for this reason, it is necessary to develop an active, fresh and fun syntax or learning procedure.

Recommendations that can be given in independent learning activities during online learning are the need for students to spend time: a) studying material online or offline, b) developing information offline or online; c) communicate directly with scientific experts by the problems at hand; d) design solutions independently or in groups; e) presenting the solution of course online. In addition to learning procedures or syntax, it is also necessary to include the activities of educators as motivators for students when learning takes place, for example: a) providing interesting material; b) help find additional information or additional reference material for students; c) help connect with the necessary scientific experts.

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