New trees and shrubs from Mexico and Guatemala

Vol. 33, pp.117-120

December

_30, 1920

PROCEEDINGS

OP THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

NEW TREES AND SHRUBS FROM MEXICO AND GUATEMALA.

BY

S. F.

BLAKE.

The

_following

new

_species of

woody plants from Mexico and Guatemala have been found

in

the course

of

recent work

in

the United

States

National Herbarium.

CapparishexandraBlake,sp. nov.

Tree,strictly glabrousthroughout;^leavesalternate; stipules triangular, corneous, deciduous, 1.5

mm.

long; petioles sulcate, ¹ to 1.3 cm. _long;

blades obovate-oval, ^{5.5 to 6.7} cm. _long, 1.8 to 3 cm. wid^, obtuse or broadly rounded at apex, apiculate, at base cuneate or rounded-cuneate, coriaceous, entire, at maturity rather pale green bothsides

and

slightly shining above, the costa ^sulcate above, the ^lateral veins 5 to 8 _pairs, prominulous on both sides, the secondaries obscure or slightlyprominu- lous;flowerssolitary in theaxils of theupper^leaves, "yellow

and

white, fragrant;"pedicels 18

mm.

long;sepals4,2-seriate,imbricated, subherba- ceouswiththin margins,green,rounded, the outerminutely butdistinctly apiculate, the inner obscurely so, deciduous, about 11

mm.

_long

and

6

mm.

wide, the inner exceeding the outer

by

about 2

mm.

; petals 4, spatulate-oblanceolate, 3.5 cm. _long, 9

mm.

wide, rounded at apex, the claw

somewhat

dilated atbase; glands ^4, ovoid-triangular, 2

mm.

high, alternatingwiththepetals

and

exteriorto

them

; stamens6,free,the fila-

ments 3.4 cm. _long; thecaphore ^3.8 cm. _long; ovary 2-celled, the ovules in2rowsofabout 10eachineachcell;fruitnotknown.

Type

^{intheU. S.} National Herbarium, ^no.989693, collected at Finca Capetillo, near Antigua, Guatemala, ^at an altitude of 1525 meters, De- cember4, 1919,

by

Wilson Popenoe(no.875).

This plant^isof

some

interest asanaddition tothecomparativelysmall

number

of species of Capparis ^{with a definite}

number

of stamens

known

from America. It is closely related to Capparis heydeana Donn. Sm., also

known

only from Guatemala, but

may

easilybedistinguished

by

^its

much

smallervery obtuse ^leaves

and

considerably smaller strictly ^soli- tary

and

axillary flowers.

The

tree from which _{the type} specimen

was

26—

Proc. Biol. Soc.Wash.,Vol.33, 1920. (117)

118 Proceedings

of ^the Biological Society of

Washington.

collected was found

by

Mr. Popenoe growing ^{in volcanic}

loam

in a dooryard ^at Finca _Capetillo.

Jatrophasympetala^Standi.

&

Blake,sp.nov.

"Treewithmilkysap;"branchstout, subquadrangular,grayish-fuscous, glabrate^;

young

^branchlet green,angulate, sparsely ascending-hispidulous;

leavesalternate,crowdedatbaseof

young

branchlet, the blades obovate, 7 to 9 cm. long, 3.5 to 5cm. wide, strictly entire, obtusely apiculate or emarginulate ^at the broadly rounded apex, cuneate-narrowed at base, thin, feather-veined with 6 or _{7 pairs of} scarcely prominulous ^lateral veins

and

obscure translucent anastomosingsecondaries, punctate, above lightgreen, glabrous, beneath glaucescent

and

very denselypapilloseover whole surface; petioles slender, unmargined, ^{1 to 1.5}cm. _long;staminate panicles shorter than leaves, several atbase of

young

growth, densely papillose-hispidulous, the peduncles 3 ^{to 4.5} cm. _long,

many

^{times di-} chotomously ^divided toward apex, the flowers crowded onthe ultimate branchlets; pedicels2 to 3

mm.

long; calyx 5-parted nearly tobase, 1.2

mm.

long,thesegmentsoval,broadlyrounded,ciliateanddorsallypubes- cent; corolla "red," ellipsoid-ovoid, obtuse, 8

mm.

long,the 5 lobes oval, rounded, only ^1.5

mm.

long, densely cinereous-puberulous outside, the tubeglabrous; ^discalglands5, free,ovoid, dark-colored, ¹

mm.

long, with narrowed

somewhat

spreading apex; stamens 10, in

two

whorls of 5, the 5 shorter with filamentsunited nearly half their length, the 5 longer 6

mm.

long, theirfilamentsunitedabout ²/stheirlength; pistillate flowers

and

fruit

unknown.

Type

^{in theU. S.} National Herbarium, ^no. 988581, ^collectedat Playa de_Coyula,Oaxaca, Mexico,June13, 1919,

by

^B.P.

Reko

(no.350).

Jatropha sympetala belongs^tothe subsectionCanescentesofthe section

Mozinna

as the genus ^is divided in Pax's monograph,

and

is easily ^dis- tinguished from

any

species of that section

by

^its obovate not cordate leaves. Itsvernacular

name

isgivenas "pifioncillo."

Guarea

obtusata Blake,sp.nov.

Tree; branchlet with light-colored pustulate-lenticellate bark, strigose

and

strigillose^; leaves abruptly pinnate, the ^leaflets 2 to 4_pairs;petiole subterete, hispidulous-strigillose, glabrescent, 3.5 to 4 cm. _long; rachis similar, groovedabove, 5 to 15cm. long;^leafletsopposite, on _petiolules4

mm.

long, the upper elliptic-oblong or

somewhat

obovate-oblong, 14 to 17 cm. long, 4.5 to 7cm. wide,broadly rounded ^atapex, cuneate and ^in- equilateral at base, pergamentaceous, entire, equally green both sides, glabrous above, beneathsordid-barbate inthe axilsofthe 6 to 8 pairs ^of prominentveins,otherwise glabrous, the secondaries

and

tertiariespromin- ulous-reticulate; lower leaflets similar but

somewhat

smaller, about^{9 to} 11 cm. _long; panicles axillaryon the

wood

^of theyear, 3 to 4.5cm. long, bifid from the base, hispidulous-strigillose, rather dense; cymules mostly 3-flowered; pedicels stout, 3 to 5

mm.

long, essentially glabrous; ^flowers

"white _{with pink} tinge, very fragrant;" calyx saucer-shaped, about 1.5

Blake — _New

Trees

and Shrubs. 119 mm.

high, 4 to5

mm.

wide, 4-lobed^for halfits length or ^less, the lobes suborbicularorsuborbicular-ovate, apiculate,incurved-puberuloustoward margin; petals4or_rarely5, valvate, oblong, ^8.5

mm.

long, 3

mm.

wide, obtuse oracutish, densely papillose-puberulous outside; staminal tube7.5

mm.

long, equaling the ^pistil, glabrous; anthers 8, sessile, oblong-oval, blunt, 1.2

mm.

long;pistilglabrous; ^{disk 1.5}

mm.

high, thickened above;

ovary ovoid-subglobose, 2

mm.

long, 4-celled, the ovules solitary; style 4

mm.

long, stout,striate,minutelypapillose;stigmadiscoid, 1.6

mm.

_wide;

fruitbrown,subglobose, ^2.7cm._long;seeds chocolate-brown, 1.5cm._long.

Type

^intheU.S. National Herbarium,^no.887785, ^collectedatCafetal Concordia(Cerro Espino),Oaxaca,Mexico,altitude600meters,

December

24, 1917,

by

^{B. P.}

Reko

(no.3701).

Guareaobtusatabelongs^tothesectionEuguraea,

and may

^bedistinguished

by

^itsround-tipped^leaflets

and

very^shortpanicles.

Russelia obtusata Blake,sp. nov.

Suffrutescent below, with a creeping base, the erect stems about 0.5 meter high, oppositely branched or simple, stout, 5

mm.

thick below, pale green, 6 or 8-angled, densely

and

_minutely spreading-puberulous^; leaveswhorled in threes or _fours; petioles slender, densely spreading- or incurved-puberulous, 2 ^to4

mm.

long; blades oval or

somewhat

obovate- oval or suborbicular, or the uppermost rarely ovate, ¹ to3 cm. _long, 8 to 18

mm.

wide, obtuseorrounded, ^atbasebroadly rounded^tocuneate, crenate-serratewith 4to 8_{pairs of}acute orobtuse_teeth, papery^or per- gamentaceous, above deep green, sparsely incurved-hispidulous, beneath paler green, sparsely incurved-hispidulous along the costa

and

3 or 4 pairs of prominulous veins, glabrate, impressed-punctate^; lower bracts leafy, the upper verysmall; internodesofinflorescence 1 to2.5cm. _long;

peduncles 3 to 5-flowered, 4

mm.

_{long to}almostobsolete, sometimespro- ducedintoshort 2-jointed branches ^1.5cm. _{long, bearing}flowersateach node; pedicels 1.5 to _(fruit) 6

mm.

long, densely

and

finely spreading- puberulent; calyx ^2.5

mm.

long, 5-parted, the segments oval-ovate or ovate,fromobtuseorabruptly short-pointed toacuminate but not subu- late-attenuate, notstriate, glabrous orslightly hispidulousalong midline, thick

and

herbaceous, with _{rosy margins;} corolla scarlet, 13 to 16

mm.

long,glabrousoutside, inside pilosewithfew-celled hairsbetweenthe bases ofthe stamens, pilosealong the ventral ^sidewithinwith1-celled hairs

and

stipitate-glandular, the upperlip emarginate, the lowerequal, ^its3 lobes oblate-suborbicular, crenulate, 2

mm.

long, 3

mm.

wide; staminode 1.3

mm.

long; capsule subglobose, about 4

mm.

thick, tipped with the _per- sistent _style, thisabout 7

mm.

long.

Type

^{in the U. S.} National Herbarium, ^no. 453525, ^collected near Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico, August 30 ^to September ^8, 1905,

by

J. N.

Rose,J. H. Painter

&

J. S. Rose (no. 10026).

Other Specimens Examined:

Puebla:

Vicinityof

San

Luis Tultitlanapa, June, 1908,

Purpus

^3270.

Chiltepin, nearSanLuis Tultitlanapa, April, 1908,

Purpus

^3270a.

120 Proceedings

of ^the Biological Society of

Washington.

Oaxaca:

Valley ^of Oaxaca, altitude 1525to 1615meters, September 20, 1894, Nelson 1293.

Rnsseliaobtusataseemstobe

most

_nearlyalliedtoR. cuneataRobinson, but that species has a 4-angled glabrous

and

furfuraceous stem, ^striate fruiting sepals,

and

otherdifferences.

Russelia tetraptera Blake,^sp. nov.

Frutescent; stem elongate, 4

mm.

thick, oppositely branched, gray- green, puberulous

and

sometimes hispidulous, glabrescent, sharplyquad- rangular, ^flat or concave between the _angles, the angles with _corky- margined wings¹

mm.

wideorless,reduced aboveto

mere

corkymargins;

leaves opposite;petiolespuberulous, 3 to 7

mm.

long; blades ovate, those ofthe

main

leaves2.5to6.5cm._long,2 to5 cm. wide, obtuse oracutish, truncate-rounded or _slightly cordate at base, thin, crenate-serrate or dentate with roundedoracuteteeth,above deepgreen, sparsely incurved- hispidulous or glabrescent, beneath_{scarcely paler,} sparsely incurved-his- pidulous along the 3 or 4 _{pairs of} prominulous veins,

and

dotted with saucer-shaped glands^;

cymes

axillary,

many

flowered,spreading-hispidulous withslightlycurvedhairs, 1.8 to7cm. wide, the lowerleafy-bracted, the uppermost with reduced ^bracts, the lower internodes 5 to 7 cm. long;

peduncles 2 to 5

mm.

long; pedicels 1.5 to _(fruit) 5

mm.

long; calyx 3 to3.5

mm.

long,thefive sepalsovate,green, pale-margined,¹to5-ribbed, sparsely hispidulous along costa, narrowed into a usually shorter ^fili- form-subulatetip;corolla scarlet, 11

mm.

long,glabrousoutside,pubescent insidewith 1-celledhairs atbase of stamens

and

along the ventral ^side, theupperlip emarginate, the lowerlonger, 3-lobed, the lobes essentially equal, oblong-ovate, rounded, 2

mm.

long; staminode present, 0.6

mm.

long; capsule subglobose, olive-green, glabrous, ^3.5

mm.

in diameter, tippedwiththepersistentstyle,this6

mm.

long.

Type

^{inthe U. S.} National Herbarium, ^no. 305142,collected atTepic, Territory ^of Tepic, Mexico, January^{5 to} February ^6, 1892,

by Edward

Palmer.

Other Specimens Examined:

Tepic: Moist ravine, vicinity of Acaponeta, April 10, 1910, Rose, Standley

&

^{Russell 14313.}

This _species

may

^be distinguished readily

by

^its puberulous narrowly 4-winged stem

and by

the dimensions of itsflowers.