Observations upon a collection of Fishes made on the Pacific coast of the United States, by Lieut. W.P. Trowbridge, U.S.A., for the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution

[August,

elongatedand compressed,rather gracefulⁱⁿappearance.

The

headiscontain- ed fourtimesand a half inthetotal length.

The

snout is pointed, the upper

jaw

overlappingconsiderably the lowerone.

The mouth

isproportionally large, the posteriorextremity^oftheupper maxillary extending^{to averticalline}

which would

fallinadvanceof the eye.

The

_eyeitselfisabovethe

medium

size, sub- circularin form,and containedaboutfourtimes anda halfin the length of the side of head.

There

existsaspace between eachdorsal,

more

considerable be-

tween

the second and _third, than

between

the first and second.

The

anals arelikewise separated

by

^aspacenearly equal^tothat

which

isobserved

between

thesecond and third dorsals.

The

ventrals are exiguous, theirsecond ray being prolonged^intoa filament.

The

pectorals are small.

D

12. 19.20.

A

25.22.

C

5. 1. 16. 16. I.5.

V

6.

P

17.

Upper

region yellowishash; sidesandbelly silverywhite.

Minute crowded

blackish dotsuponthe dorsals, caudal and posterior anal. Anterior anal, vent- ralsandpectorals yellowish, unicolor.

9.

Parophrys

vetulus, Grd.^Proc.

Acad.

Nat.Sc.

PhPad.

vii. 1854,p. 140.

10.

Psettichthys

sordidijs,G. General formsubellipsoid^; greatest length aboutfiveinchesin

which

dimensionthe greatestdepth^enterstwice andathird of a time.

The

headconstitutesaboutthefourth ofthetotal length.

The mouth

isoblique,and

when

shut the

jaws

^{are even.}

The

_eyesarelarge, subelliptical, approximated, and^situated ontheleftside; their longitudinaldiameteris

com-

prised fourtimesinthe length of the^sideofhead.

D

82.

A

72.

C

1. ^1.6. 5. 1. 1.

V

^6.

P

1. 10.

The

scales are of

medium

size,equally conspicuous

upon

^{thehead and}oper- cular apparatus.

The

lateral line is nearlystraight,raising but slightly as^it reaches the head.

Ground

colorof asoiledyellow; the scales aremargined with^blackish.

The

finsappear^asifcovered witha coating of dust.

Observations

upon

^acollectionof^Fishes

made

on thePacific coast of^theUnited States, by Lieut*

W.

P. Trowbridge, U.S. A.,for^the

Museum

_of^theSmith- sonianInstitution.

By Charles

^Girard.

Itis praiseworthyfor officers of the government,

whether

military or civil,

when

detaileduponspecialduties, to devote their

moments

of leisureinserving thecauseof science. Lieut.Trowbridge, while engaged underinstructionsfrom theIT. S.Coast Survey,ⁱⁿ

making

^tidal observationsforthe use of that _office, availedhimselfofsuchopportunities^athis

command

tosecurethefishes

enume-

ratedbelow, and

we

leave it toNaturalists to decide

whether

hislabors

were

atallrewarded.

There

are three

main

_points

whence

_specimens

were

obtained. 1st,Presidio, on the

Bay

^of San Francisco,

where

Lieut.

Trowbridge

^{himself is stationed};

2d,

Monterey,

^onthe

Bay

^{of the}

same name, where

^the

same

_gentleman

made

several excursions; and, 3d,

San

_Diego,

where

observations are conducted

by

Corporal A.Cassidy, U.S.

A.

PERCID^.

1. Labra.x nebulifer, G.

The

head

which

is"contained aboutthree times inthe length, the caudal ^finexcepted,presents^asubcornealappearance, from^the fact of its bein.;rounded

upon

^its upper region,and gradually slopingtowards the snout.

The

anterior part of the body,from the origin of the dorsal ^tothe occiput^is continuous with the _profileof the head, the middle region slightly convex.

The body

gradually tapers

backwards;

the greatest depth taken

between

the insertionof ventralsand_{origin of} firstdorsal,^isalittle lessthan the fourth of the entire length, including the caudal ^fin; the greatest thickness measuresinthe

same

region as the depth,^isalittle

more

than the half of the latter.

The

_{body, therefore,} is compressed, ^{as usual in this} genus, and ^the

1854.] 143

general outline subfusiform.

The

_eyeissubeircular,anditshorizontaldiameter containedaboutsixtimesinthe length of side of head.

The

_{posteriorextremity}

of the upper maxillary extends^{to avertical line} intersecting the pupil.

The

lower

jaw

^isthe longest.

The

^thirddorsal spine ^is

much

the longestⁱⁿ thefirst dorsal _fin,and_higherthan any^ofthe rays constituting theseconddorsal.

The

caudal issubemarginatedposteriorly.

The

insertionof pectorals ^isplacedim- mediatelyⁱⁿadvanceof the origin of anterior dorsal; the insertion of ventrals issituatedimmediately behind^thebaseofpectorals.

D

X. 14.

A

III.S.

C

4. 1. 7.6. 1.3.

V

I. 5.

P

17.

The

scales are of

medium

size.

The

lateral linefollows thecurveof theback andmiddleof the peduncle^oftail.

Groundcolorreddish

brown

above, yellowish beneath, upper part of body provided withlarge cloud-like blackish blotches.

A

darkvittaextends_oblique- ly

downwards

and

backwards

^from the lower rimof orbittothe throat, across the cheeks and branchiostegal apparatus.

The

fins are purplish blue, very intense on the ventrals, base of second_dorsal,and space between ^{the third} and fourth spine of ^first dorsal.

The

snout is covered with small roundish

spots.

From

_Monterey,Cal.

2.

Labrax

clathratus, G.

The

_profileofupperpart of head is

more

de- pressed,and thehead

more

acute thanin L. _nebidlfer.

The

lower

jaw

^is

more

protruding, giving^tothe snoutapointed, instead of arounded appearance,

which

ithasin theprecedingspecies.

The

fourth dorsal spine^isthe longestand _equal inheight ^tothe highest rays of thesecond dorsal.

The

diameterof theeye^is containedfivetimesinthe length of head.

The

_{origin of}firstdorsal issituated exactlyopposite the base ^ofpectorals.

D

X. 13.

A

III.7.

C

3. 1. 7. 6. 1.2.

V

I.5.

P

15.

Ground

color purplish; belly whitish; upper part of

back

and sidescovered with darkerblotches,assumingan irregular fenestrated appearance. ^Pectorals yellowish,withafew sulphur^{transverse vittce.}

Membrane

of other fins pur- plish, seconddorsal spotted.

A

subocularvittapassing nearer the angle of the

mouth

thaninthepreceding species.

From

San Diego,^Cal.

TRACHINID.E

s. Percid-e.

Genus HETEROSTICHUS,

^Girard.

First dorsal^finverylong, the^{first five}anterior rays of whichconstitute an apparently ^distinctfin. Anal veryIons,providedanteriorlywith_butfewspines.

Dorsal and anal extending^{tonear the caudal.}

Body

very compressed and flattened posteriory. Caudal slender. Ventrals situated in advance_{of pec-} torals.

Lower jaw

_longest;

mouth

moderate. Teethsmallandconical. Scales very ^{small. Lateral line} arched above the pectorals. Six branchial rays.

Opercular apparatus withouteither spines or denticulations.

3.

Heterostichus

rostratus, G.

The

head is rather small and conical, contiguous toabodyanteriorly deep,tapering posteriorly,and very

much

flat-

tened throughout.

The

nose is very

much

_depressed and concave.

The

greatest depth measured abovethe pectoials,^is containedfivetimesinthe entire length; the leastdepth^is aboutthe fourth orfifth of the greatest.

The

head formsalittleless than the fourth of the length.

The mouth

ismoderate, lower

jaw much

the longest^; andthe posteriorextremity^ofupper maxillaryreaches a vertical line, which would_passinadvanceof the _pupil.

The

teeth are conical, slenderand_exiguous.

The

_eyeis subelliptical,anditshorizontaldiametercon- tained seven timesanda half in the length of ^sideof head.

The

dorsal fin originates^atavery short distancefromthe occiput.

The

five firstrays consti- tutingan apparently^distinct fin,subtriangularⁱⁿ shape,and

much

higher than the portion

which

follows, and which upon ^{its anterior}half,is higher than the posterior^half.

The

softdorsalis short, buthigh andⁱⁿperfect continuitywith the spinyone; the_tipsof itsposterior rays notreaching quite as ^far backas

[August,

those of the anal,

which

approximate ^{tothe base of caudal.}

The

caudal is slenderand forked.

The

anal is verylongand higher than the corresponding portion of dorsal; itishighest posteriorlyand lowest upon ^{the middle.}

The

base of the pectorals^fallsunderthespace

between

the thirdand fourth dorsal spines.

The

ventrals are inserted

much

in advanceof the baseof pectorals, immediately under^{the throat;} theyare qaite smallandslender.

The

_pectorals themselvesare of but

medium

development.

D XXXVII.

13.

A

II.34.

C

4. 1.5. 4. 1.3.

V

I.3.

P

13.

The

scales are verysmall, extending overtheupperpart of opercular appara- tusto thecheeks; also tothe rays of the^finsto abouthalftheirheight or length.

The

lateral line,fromtheupperangle of opercle runs almost _straighttillabout underthe twelfth spine of dorsal, then obliquely

downwards

untilnear themiddle of_flanks,thence_straighttothebase of caudal.

Ground

colorabove yellowish

brown

withirregularly transverse blotches, or elseinterrupted, and thenconstituting longitudinalbandsof adeeper^hue.

Head

above deep

brown;

upper part of opercular apparatusexhibiting an elongated triangularly acute blotch, startingfrom therimof theorbit. Sidesandinferior surface ofhead_yellowish. Belly^dullyellow. Finsyellowish, blotched,except the pectorals,

which

arebarredtransversely,andthe ventrals

which

are unicolor.

Greatest length of specimen^described about eleven inches.

From

_{San Diego,}Cal.

SPHYR^ENID^

s. Percims.

4. Sphyr^ena argentea, G.

A

_specimenofthisspecies

which

liesbefore_us, isthirty-fiveinches in total length, of

which

thehead formsalittlelessthan the fourth part.

The body

isstoutish, thickestupon^itsmiddle and

somewhat com-

pressed, thedepthbeingaboutone-third

more

than the thickness.

The mouth

ismoderate; the posteriorextremity^of upper maxillary ^{leaves a distance of} three fourths ofan inch

between

it and the verticalof the anterior rimof the orbit.

Teeth

on the intermaxillary,minute; onthelower jaw, moderate^; on the palate,conspicuous andstrong.

The

_eyeis subelliptical, ^itsanterior rim a little nearer tothe _tipof lower

jaw

^{than to}the posteriorflapof opercular apparatus.

The

scalesonthecheeks are smaller thanuponthe opercular pieces; there arenonetobeseenin advance of the eye.

The

_{posterior extremity}ofanterior dorsal is nearly equidistant betweenthe_{tip of}lower

jaw

^andthe base of central rays of caudal.

The

latter isdeeply^forked.

The

_extremity of pectorals ^isvery ^far from _reaching the anteriormargin^{offirstdorsal.}

The

upper marginof both, theseconddorsaland anal,^isconcave.

D

V. I. 11.

A

1-9.

C

4. 1. 8. 8. 1.3.

V

I.5.

P

13.

The

^scalesare of rather

medium

sizeon the_flanks,smallerontheback.

The

lateral line is straight.

The

_groundcolor of theupperregion ofhead and

body

^{abovethelateral line,}

isbluish black; whitishonthesidesand yellowish on^the

abdomen. The

scales havean argentine^reflection which extends tothe sidesof thehead andlower jaw.

The

lateral lineisblack.

The membrane

of the dorsal,caudal, analand pectorals ^is yellowish, and their rays greyish; the ventrals are uniform yellowish.

From

SanDiego, Cal.

COTTIDiE

s.

Cataphracti.

5. Cottopsis parvus, G.

May

readilybedistinguishedfrom_Cuttopsi*gulosus

by

^a

more compact

^and

more

fusiformbody,^asmaller head and consequently^a

much

smallermouth.

The

_pectoralsand ventrals are lessdeveloped,and the outlineofthefirstdorsalis

more

convex.

The

caudalisposteriorly subtruncated.

The

insertion of ventralsissituated immediately behind^thebaseof pectorals, andalittleinadvanceofthe origin of the^firstdorsal; and

when

brought back- wards,their tipdoes not reach the anus.

The

_tipof pectoralsextendstoaver- tical line

which

would_passinadvanceof the origin of anal.

The

analis

much

ovver than theseconddorsal.

D

VIII. 21.

A

^15.

C

5.1.4. 4. 1.4.

V

I.4. P. 15.

1854.] 145 The

headconstitutes the fourth of thetotal length; ^itisquitedepressed,and slopes graduallytowardsthe snout; ^its widthis one fourth greater than its depth.

The

_{eyes, of}

medium

size,are placed near the

summit

ofthehead;their formissubcircular,and their horizontaldiameter contained fourtimes anda halfinthe length of^sideof head.

The

_{posteriorextremity}of upper maxillary reachesavertical which would_passinadvanceof the pupil.

Minute _prickles arescatteredalloverthe skin,

more

_developed above the lateral line than beneathit.

The

lateral line, itself veryconspicuous, follows thecurveofthebackuninterrupted^to thebaseof caudal.

Ground

color yellowish

brown

above andon thesides; dullyellowishbeneath.

Sidesand back with darker

somewhat

confluent blotches, or ^else groups ^of

crowded

dotsresembling^blotches.

The

pectorals, dorsalsandcaudal arebarred;

the analandventrals unicolor. Firstdorsalwithablackishblotchupon ^itsupper andposterior portion. Baseof caudal witha blackbar, upper ^{surface of} head covered with darkroundishsmall_spots.

From

Presidio, Cal.

6.

Leptocottus

armatus, Grd.^Proc.Acad. Nat.Sc.Philad.vii.1854,p.131.

Specimens ^{of this} species,mostof

which

areinan

immature

_condition,

were

obtainedatPresidio,Monterey, San Pedro,and San Diego, ^Cal.

7. Scorp.enichthys

marmoratus,

^{Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. vii.}

1854, p. 131.

From

Presidio, Cal.

8. Scorp.enichthys lateralis, G.

We knowbut afewsmall individuals of this species, the largest of whichis less than four incheslong. The bodyis

compressed and tapering; the head being ^contained aboutthree timesin the length,excluding^{the caudal fin.}

The

_{occipital region}isflattened; the inter- ocular space,convex, andthe rostral distance, declive.

The mouth

^is _large^: the posterior extremity^of upper maxillary ^{extends to a vertical} line,

which would

intersect the posteriormargin ^{of the}pupil.

The

_eyeislarge, subcircular, andplaced near the

summit

of the head; ^{its horizontal} diameteris contained fourtimesin the length of the side of head.

The

interocular space ^is quite narrow.

The

opercular apparatus exhibits butadouble _{spine of} moderatede- velopment,^situatedupon^the upperhalf of thelimbof preopercle,withitspoint directed obliquely upwards.

The

caudalfin isposteriorly subrounded.

The

insertionof ventrals issituatedunderthemiddleof the baseof pectorals.

The

origin of the dorsal ^isinadvance of baseof the

same

tins.

The

firstdorsal is ratherlow, and ^notcontiguous ^tothe second,

which

is considerably higher.

D

IX. 17.

A

^11.

C

2.1. 5.4. 1. 1.

V

I.3.

P

15.

Oa

theupper portion of dorsal region, alongside the dorsals,

may

^{be seen an}

elongated^area covered with small pectinated scales or plates,disposed upon oblique or transverse rows.

The

skinisotherwise smooth, and ^the lateral line conspicuous,

making

^a slight inflexion

downwards

_upon the middle of the

abdomen.

Upper

region of head and body deep^chestnut brown,variegatedonthesides with _{shining yellowish} areola? and dots. Inferior surface of head, belly an^I tail uniform_yellow. Finsspotted or barred.

From

_Monterey,Cal.,and San Luis Obispo, ^Cal.

SCORP.ENID.E

s. Catapiiracti.

9. Scorp.-exaguttata,

G The

headhas a prettyrough appearance^{: inthe}

firstplace,the orbits

seem

asifemerging from^the upper part of theskull, the middlelineof

which

exhibits an obtuse groove.

Three

_spines are observed alongtheupper edge ^{of the orbit,}behind which three

more may

^{be seen on}

eithersideof the occipital regionand_nape. Severalsupratympanicspines, but small;

two

diverging ones, upon^the

body

of opercle,andfourupon ^thelimb ol preopercle, theuppermost^of

which

being

much

the stoutestand _longest.

Next we

see four other spines irradiating

downwards

fromthe suborbitals,and_finally the nasal bone terminates intoa sharp andacute point directed

upwards

^and slightlybackwards. Intermingled with^these

numerous

spines there arebut

two

y

13

[August,

pairs of small

membranous

and arborescent _flaps,

we were

_going to say, adorningthe head,but in realitycontributing to render^itstill

more

repulsive to an eye^unitiatedto scientificpursuits: thefirstpair^issituatedabovethe poste- riorpart of theorbit, whilst thesecondoccupies the innerupper edge^ofanterior nostril.

The body

is about eleveninchesin totallength, thehead forming ^the thirdofit.

The

_eyeislargeandelliptical: ^itshorizontal diameter _being

com-

prised nearly^fivetimes inthe length of side of head.

The

_{posterior extremity}

ofupper maxillary^{reachesavertical line}

which

would intersect the posterior rimoforbit.

The

seconddorsal has nearly the

same

_{height as} thefirst.

The

caudal is sabroundedposteriorly.

The

_tipsof posterior lays of anal are even withthose of theseconddorsal.

The

insertionofventralsisunderthe base of pectorals^; theyare elongated.

The

_pectorals are broad and very

much

de- veloped; theirposteriorextremity extending considerably

beyond

^thatofven-

trals.

D

XII. 10.

A

III. 5.

C

5. 1.6. 5. 1.3.

V

I.5. P 18.

The

scales of

body

^{are of}

medium

_{size, and very} small upon ^the occipital regionandthehead.

The

_{opercularapparatus} is naked; scalesbeing observed uponthe posteriorflapof opercle only.

Ground

colordeep^reddish

brown

above;

yellowish

brown

beneath.

The

anterior portion ofback and head almostblack.

Clouded patches of blackish, hereand _there,with

numerous

small black spots,

more

definedonthe head than onthebody, and

much

larger on the ^fins. Belly dull white; throatyellowish^{; inferiorsurface of}head whitishandbrownish.

From

_Monterey,Cal.

10. Sebastesatiriculatus,Grd. Proc.Acad. Nat.Sc. Philad.vii.1854,p. 131.

From

Presidio, Cal.

11. Sebastes rosaceus, ^G.

The

_general formof thisspecies

might

^{at first} be suggestive of S. norvegicus,

were

the central rays of the^first dorsal not so

much

higher than^{inthe latter} species, giving ^to that fina decided convexity.

The

fish israther stout than_elongated,though

much

compressed,^the depth^of

body

being aboutequal ^to the third of entire length,

which

is about fourteen inches,andnearly equal ^tothe length of head.

The

profile from the anterior

margin

^{offirst dorsal to the end of snoutisrather} depressed, whilst ^it tapers quite rapidlyfromthe seconddorsal backwards,^the peduncle ^{ofthe tail} being ratherdetachedfromthe general shape.

The

_{upper part} of head exhibits but

two

small horizontal spines, whilst the preopercle has^fiveof them,rather stout andconspicuous.

The

upperpart of opercle has

two

spines, the uppermost ^of

which

is the largest.

The

_eyes are large and subcircular,reachingthe upper profileof head,ⁱⁿthe length of

which

theirhorizontaldiameteriscomprised^four times,onceinadvancethe anteriorrimof_orbit,andtwice behind its posterior rim.

The mouth

isbroad,but the posteriorextremity^of upper maxillarydoes notextend beyond^{a verticalline}

which

wouldintersect thecentre of the pupil.

The

seconddorsalisscarce higherthanthefirst.

The

_{posteriormargin}of caudal is slightlyconcave.

The

second _spine of the anal is strong and robust; the tipsof the posterior ^soft rays of that ^fin extend

somewhat

farther back than those of thesecond dorsal, but do not reachthebaseof the rays of the caudal.

The

insertionof ventralsis situatedimmediately behind^thebaseof pectorals.

The

pectorals areverylong, theirtips extending

beyond

^that of ventrals, and reachingavertical line

which would

fall betweenthe

two

dorsals.

D

XIII. 13.

A

III. 7,

C

5. 1.5. 5. 1. 6.

V

I.5.

P

17.

The

scales of the

body

^{are of}

medium

size; thoseuponthe head, cheeks, oper- cular piecesandthroat are quite small.

The

course of thelateral lineisparallel tothe outlineof the back.

The

colorisof a uniform reddish or crimson tint,lighter beneath.

There

exists,on theupperpart of opercle, ⁱⁿ the regionoccupied

by

the spines above alluded to, alarge, elongated spot of a

much

_deeperhue.

From

_{San Diego,} Cal.

12. Sebastes fasciatus, G.

The

_species

which we

_propose here to charac- terize,has

more

of the general aspect of aScorpceita, than of thegenus^to

which

itbelongs.

The

_body,anteriorly,^is very^stoutand_{deep, the}head

more

_rounded,

1854.] 147

withits upperprofile

more

inclinedfrom the occiput^tothesnout thaninthe pre- cedingspecies.

The

total length of the ^{fish is} about eleven inches, of

which

theheadforms

more

thanthethird.

The

reatest depth ^is equal^to the length of head.

The

_uppersurface of thelatterexhibitsconspicuous spinyridges,very acuteposteriorly. Fivetriangular spinesoccupy^thelimb of preopercleand

two

the upperpart of opercle.

The

_posteriorextremity^of upper maxillary^reaches a vertical line

which

would _passbehindthe_pupil.

The

outline of anterior dorsal isconvex and about the

same

_heightasthe second.

The

caudal, posteriorly,^is subrouuded.

The

_tipsof posterior ^soft rays of anal are even with the _tips of posterior^softrays ofsecond_dorsal,and bothfinsapproximate^thebaseof caudal.

The

ventrals arelong andtheir tipreaches the vent.

The

pectorals are broad and extenda little farther back than the ventrals, the insertion of

which

is situatedupon^{a line}behindtheirbase.

D

XIII. 13.

A

III. 7.

C

2. 1. 6. 5. 1.3.

V

I.S.

P

18.

The

scales areratherabovethe

medium

size;thoseonthebead and_opercular bones being comparatively

more

developed than^inthepreceding species.

The

lateral lineisparallel tothe outline of theback.

The

_groundcolorisgreenish sulphuryellow;purplish black patches overthe head,^sidesof body, and fins,in the midst of

which

_{patches appear}

crowded

whitish_spots.

An

area ofground^color

may

^{betraced fromthethirdandfourth}

dorsal spines obliquely

downwards

and backwards, towards^thebase of the caudal;

inanoblique direction from the dorsal fin to the lateralline; then along the courseoflateral line tothebaseofcaudalfin.

The

throatisdeep sulphuryellow;

theinferiorsurface of the head and_bellyisspread^alloverwitha

more

dull tint.

From

Presidio, Cal.

HETEROLEPIDiE

s.

Cataphracti.

13.

Chirus

guttatus, Grd. Proc.

Acad.

Nat.Sc.Philad. vii.1854,p. 132.

From

Presidio, Cala.

14.

Chirus

constellatis, Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat.Sc. Philad.vii.1854,p. 141.

From

Presidio, Cal.

GASTEROSTEID^

^s.

Cataphracti.

15. Gasterosteiis plebekts, G.

The

_{generalappearance}of this species ^is subfusiforminitsprofileandrather short.

The

_{depth upon} the middle _region of the

body

^{isalittlelessthan}the fourth of the length, whilst thehead is con- tained in itthreetimes and a half.

The

_eyeisof

medium

sizeand_circular,its

diameterentering fourtimesin the length of the ^sideof head.

Mouth

of

medium

size,lower

jaw

the longest.

Upper

^{surface of}head minutely ^granular under a magnifying glass.

Two

welldevelopedspinesontheback, and ^a

much

smaller one preceding^thesoftrays of the dorsal. Posteriormargin^ofthe caudal, slightly crescentic. Ventral spinesvery

much

developed, inserted slightly ⁱⁿ advance oftheseconddorsal spine,anddenticulateduponeither edge. Baseof the pec- toralsituatedinadvanceofthe firstdorsal spine.

D

I.I.

Ml. A

1-9.

C

3.1. 5.5. 1.2.

V

I. 1.

P

10.

The body

isanteriorly plated fromtheheadtotheseconddorsal spine; other- wisesmooth andkeellessonthe sides of the peduncle of^tail.

Ground

colorreddishyellow,^blotched with blackish

brown

_;blotches assu-

ming

^{sometimes the} shape ^ofvertical bands. Beneath

silvery.

Minute

and

crowded

blackdots are spread^alloverthebody, head and^fins.

From

thesalt marshes aboutPresidio, Cal.

16.

Gasterosteus

inopinatus, G. General formslender, elongated, tapering considerablyfromthe origin of anal backwards. Peduncleof the tail slender and _long.

The

greatest depth,measured abovethe ventrals, ^iscontained five times inthe entire length^; the head,ontheother hand,^fallsalittleshortof the fourthof the

same

_length.

The

_eyerather large,^issubcircular; ^itshorizontal diameterenters threetimes andahalfinthe length of^sideof head; once inad- vanceof the anteriorrimof theorbit.

The mouth

isshaped^{as inthe}preceding

[August,

species.

The

_uppersurface of head exhibits

some

minute_granules

when

ex-

amined

witha magnifying ^glass.

There

are

two

slender dorsal spines and andanother, small, precedes the^softrays of dorsal ^fin. Posteriormargin^{of cau-} dalsubconcave. Ventral spines slander, inserted immediately ⁱⁿadvanceof the second dorsal spineand very minutely ^serrated above,inconspicuously beneath.

Baseof pectoralsjustinadvanceof anterior dorsal spine.

D

I. I.I. 10.

A

I. 9.

C

3. 1.5. 5. 1.3.

V

I. 1.

P

10.

The body

is anteriorly plated asⁱⁿthepreceding species,and

smooth

_poste-

riorly.

Ground

colorabove_yellowish,densely^dottedwithblackish;

abdomen

_silvery.

From

afresh water lagoon about one mile

back

of Presidio, Cal.,

where

ac- cording ^toLt.Trowbridge, no larger^fishoccur.

SCLENID.E.

17.

Umbriwa

UNDUL.ATA, G. Greatest length of specimen ^{described, six} inches, the head beingcomprised ^{in it fourtimes}andahalf. F>ody

much com-

pressed, particularlytheupperpart of ^flanks.

Head

andsnoutrounded;

mouth

rather small; posterior extremity^of upper maxillary extending ^{to a vertical} line

which would

_pass ⁱⁿadvanceof theorbit.

Eye

subelliptical,^itshorizontal diameter being contained^{fivetimesin the} length of ^sideof head. First dorsal subtriangular; itsanterior margin^{issituated a little}behind the base of pecto- rals.

The

seconddorsal,alittle higher anteriorly than posteriorly,^is twice and a half as long as the^first.

The

caudal isposteriorly subtruncated.

The

anal isabout onethirddeeper than ^itsbaseislong,and asdeep^{as thefirstdorsal is} high.

The

posterior extremityof pectorals extends toa line

which would

in- tersect the firstray of seconddorsal.

The

_{tip of} ventrals extends

beyond

^that of pectoralswithoutreaching the vent.

D

IX. I.25.

A

I. 9.

C

3. 1. 7. 7. 1. 2.

V

I.6.

P

20.

The

scales are of

medium

size; those on the cheek and _opercularapparatus are quite conspicuous, 'foelateral line isslightlyarched under the first dorsal fin,otherwiseparallel tothe dorsal outline of the body.

Upper

regions silvery-ash^{; inferior}regions^dullyellowish. ^Sidesbeneaththe lateral lineexhibiting^obiiqueand undulatedseriesof small greyish spotsⁱⁿ the midstof a

somewhat

_{lighterground}of the

same

hue.

From

San Diego,^Cal.

18.

Glyphisodox

RUBicuxDrs, ^G.

The

head hasa very^short appearance^ns well asthebody^itself.

The

_largestspecimen measures ^nineinchesand a half ntotal length, of whichthehead formsa littlelessthan the fourth.

The

an- eriorupper part ofbody^isvery convex^and^theprofileof thehead very^declive with

two

depression?,one above,the other

below

the ocular region.

The mouth

ssmallandthe _lipsvery ^fleshy.

The

eye^{is situated} high up, small andcir-

'ular, andcontained fivetimesin the length of the^sideofhead

by

^itsdiameter.

The

greatest depth, measured abovethe ventrals, isalittleless than twice the length of head.

The

^{dorsal fin} begins a^littlebehind thebaseof pectorals^;its pinous portion ^is low anditsupper margin almost^{straight;the soft}part ^rises 'ntoa subtriangular shape.

The

_peduncle of tail iswell defined, freeaboveand belowjthedorsal,however,

coming

^{nearertothebase of caudal than the anal}

;oes.

The

caudalis verylarge,deeply emarginated. butthe lobes areuniformly rounded andbroad.

The

softportion of anal has the

same

conico-trianeularshape as the softdorsal.

The

ventrals are elongated and inserted behind the base of pectorals.

The

latter are quite broad, rounded upon ^{theirexternal}margin;

their posterior extremity falling short of that of the ventrals.

D

XII. 16.

A

II. 15.

C

3. 1. 6. 7. 1. 2.

V

I. 5. P. 19.

The

scalesofthe

body

^are very large,and so are those of the opercle.

On

the preopercle and cheek theyare smaller.

The

scalesextend tothe dorsals, caudaland anal finsto nearly^theirextremity: onthe spinous dorsal they^are veryconspicuous, whilst they

become

_{very small} and almost minute on the caudal, soft dorsal,and anal.

The

colorisuniform deep crimson^red throughout.

The

ventrals are exter-

1854.

_J

149

nallymargined with ^black.

The

lipsappear^tohavehad adeeperhue, as also the

two

cephalic depressionsabovealludedto.

From

_Monterey,Cal.

SCOMBERESOCES.

19.

Beloxe

exilts,G.

The

head formsalittle

more

than

two

sevenths of the entire length,

which

measures about twelve inches and ahalf.

The body

is very^slenderand exiguous.

The

head is flattened upon ^the occiput,and grooved betweenthe eyes.

The

_eyeis welldeveloped and ^itslongitudinal ^di- ameter comprised about ^eleventimes in the length of the ^sideof head; seven timesinadvanceof itsanterior rim,andthree times

backwards

of itsposterior rim.

The

anterior portion of anal ^is

more

_developedthan the

same

_partindor- sal,the posteriorextremity^ofwhichis butseven tenths of an inch distant from therudimentaryrays of the caudal^: the analdoes notextend_quite asfar back.

The

anteriormargin^{of thelatter is}situated considerablyⁱⁿ advanceof thedor- sal,and itsbase islonger^also.

The

insertion ofventralsisequidistantbetween the base of caudalfinand thecentre of the pupil.

The

_{posteriormargin}of the

caudalis emarsiinated.

D

1C.

A

13.

C

4.1.7. 6. 1.3.

V

^6.

P

14.

The

scalesare quite small,

few

of

which

_onlyarepreserved onthespecimen described.

Bickdeep greenish; sidesand belly rufouswith an_argentinereflection upon the sides. Pectorals, ventrals, and anal greenish [yellow^; dorsal and caudal greenish grey.

Fioin Sun Diego, Cal

BLENNIDjE.

20.

Blexmus

gextilis,G.

The body

^isvery

much

compressed andtapering, from head,

where

_deepest,tothebase of caudal.

The

headconstitutes thefifth oftotallength;thesnoutisveiy abbreviated and rounded.

The

_greatestdepth

isabout _equaltothe length^of head.

The mouth

israther large^; the posterior extremity^ofupper maxillaryreaching a ^{vertical line}

which would

intersectthe middleof the _pupil.

The

_eyeislargeandcircular,and its diameter contained fourtimesin the length of^sideof head.

A

^flattened and slender

membranous

flap ^isinsertedabovethe eye. Soft portion of dorsal higher than thespinypart;

anal

much

lowerthan dorsal. Ventrals long and filifoim. Caudal posteriorly rounded,tipsofbothdorsalandanal reaching ^itsbase.

The

lateral linetermi- natesunderthe eleventhrayof the spiny ^dorsal.

1) XII. 17.

A

19.

C

6. 1.5. 4. 1.5*

V

I. 2.

P

12.

Ground

coloryellowish-brown. Dorsals, caudal,and_pectoralsmaculatedwith d.irk purple. Blotches of the

same

hue

may

^beseenallalong ^the back. Sides of

abdomen

and head

marked

with small subquadrangularspots also of dark purple.

Upper

part ofhead, snout, ventrals,

and

anal deep purple. Tips of rays of anal yellowish.

From

_Monterey,Cal.

21.

Gunelles

ornatuSj G.

Body

very

much

compressed, preserving^itsdepth from headtoorigin of anal, hence _gradually diminishing towards the caudal.

H^ad

_small,roundedanteriorly,andcontained ninetimesanda halfinthe total length. Posterior extremity^of upper maxillary extending ^{toa vertical line}

which would

pass slightly behind the anteriormargin^{of theorbit.}

Eye

^circular andof

medium

size; its diameterbeing contained aboutfourtimesin the length orsideof head. Dorsalandanalfinsvery

low

andunited tothe caudal. Origin of dorsalimmediately behind^thebase of pectorals. Caudal posteriorlyrounded.

Origin of anal equidistantbetween base of pectorals and extremity ^{of caudal.}

Ventralsreducedtoasmall spine, inserted immediatelyⁱⁿadvanceof the base of pectorals.

D

70.

A

35.

C

2. 1.8. 8. 1. 1.

V

[.

P

12.

The

scalesarevery minute^{; thelateralis} not discernible.

Ground

coloryellowish; back

marked

withthirteenroundishspots of blackish

[August, brown, two

^of

which

situatedinadvanceof the dorsal^fin. Occasionally,^verti- calbandsof a lighterhue

may

be observed onthe sides,though^{in a} very obso- lete

manner

inthe specimen^beforeus.

There

isan oblique^vittaupon^{the occi-} putextending from^theeye towardsthe back,an interocular spot,andasuborbital vittafromthe orbitto the inferior surface of head. Lips ^{blackish. Pectorals} and analyellow. Caudal_greyishyellow.

From

Presidio, Cal.

Genus APODICHTHYS,

^Girard.

This genus ^isframedtoincludesuch_species,as,having^the general fascies of Gunellus,^arecharacterized

by

^{thetotalabsenceof ventralfins.}

The

Gnnellua_{apos of}

Kamtschaka

isto

come

under this heading, under ^the appellation ofApodichthysapos.

22.

Apodichthys

flavidus, G.

The

species referred to is

between

eleven and twelve inches long. ^Its head isanteriorly rounded and truncated,and is

contained overninetimesinthetotallength.

The

eye^israther small andsub- circular, contained aboutseven times inthelengthof side of head.

The mouth

is large, obliquely directed upwards, andthe posteriorextremity^{of the} upper maxillary extends^{toa vertical line}

which would

_pass behind the orbit.

The

origin of dorsal^is situated opposite the base of pectorals.

A

stylet-shapedbone inadvanceofthe anteriormarginof anal,

which

is

much

nearer the extremity of caudalthantothebaseof pectorals.

The

_pectorals are short and rounded upon^theirmargin.

The

rays of thefins,as nearly as

we

can ascertain, are as follows:

D

86-90.

A

40.

C

4. 1. 11. 10. 1.3.

V

^0.

P

17.

The

scales areexceedinglysmall,andthelateral line notvisible.

Uniform

_yellowish,with_{a slight}greyish^hue.

A

narrowoblique black ^vitta from eye^toocciput,anda similaronefromtheinferiorrimof the orbitto the angle^{of the}mouth.

From

Presidio, Cal.

23.

Apodichthys

violacetjs,

G The

_specimen before us is

much

smaller thanthatfrom

which

theabove_species

was

described,havingbut three inches andthree-fourthsof totallength,ⁱⁿ

which

the head is contained seven times.

The

_eyeis subcircular, of

medium

size,and its horizontal diameter contained fivetimesinthe length of the ^sideof head.

The mouth

is likewise obliquely directed

upwards

^; but the posteriorextremity ^{of the} upper maxillary extends only^toavertical linewhich

would

intersect the_pupil.

The

origin of the dorsal issituated immediately behind ^the base of the pectorals: ^its anterior third is

lower thantherest.

The

origin of the^anal,

which

is

much

lower than the

two

posterior thirds of the ^dorsal,is

much

nearer the baseof the pectorals than ^to theextremity^{of th*caudal.}

The

latterisverysmall, posteriorlyrounded, and contiguous ^toboththe dorsalandanal.

The

pectorals are shortand rounded.

I)65.

A

42.

C

2. ^1.7. 6. 1.2.

V

0.

P

10.

The

scales are small, but proportionally larger thanⁱⁿthepreceding species;

andthelateral line,

which

is very conspicuous,

may

^{be traced from the} upper marginof the opercle^tonearthe caudal; fromthe opercle^it ascends _obliquely foracertain distance,and then follows the outline of the back,keeping

much

nearer thebaseof dorsal finthan themiddleoftheflanks.

The

anterior portion ofbody and head^{isof a}uniform deep^violet;the posterior portion exhibitsa

somewhat

brownish_ground,over

which

isspread a violaceous tint; thefinsare alldeep^violet.

A

deep purple crescent-shaped ^vitta extends from^eithereye^tothe occiput.

Two

oblique^vitta?on the sides of head,^start- ing,one from the anterior, the otherfromthe posterior half of orbit^tothebran- chiostegal apparatus.

The

interocularspace^islikewise

marked

withatransverse

narrow

band_slightlyconvex backwards.

From

San Luis Obispo,^Cal.

24.

Anarkichas

_{fems, G.}

Two

_large specimens ^{ofthis fish}

were

received insuchaprecarious^stateof preservation that there

was

nopossibility ofkeeping

1854.] 151

thewhole, and accordingly^the

bony

^{framealoneliesbeforeus.}

The

_zoological

characters of the species, as^{far as}

we

could ascertain,^differfromthose ofeach of the species previously described^; buthavingmislaid the notestakenatthetime of unpackingthe collection,

we

donotfeeljustifiedingiving a diagnosis^of

them

from recollection,and merelyrecord the speciesundertheabove_specific

name.

From

_Monterey,Cal.

LOPHID^E.

25.

PomcHTHYs

notatus, Grd.

Proc

Acad. Nat.Sc. Philad.vii. 1854,p.141*

From

Presidioand Monterey,^Cal.

LABRIDiE.

26. Jults modestus, G.

Body

slender, elongated, and

much

compressed, tapering posteriorlyfromthe origin of anal.

The

_{greatestdepth,}measured upon themiddleof the

abdomen,

^{entersfiveor six times in the total} length.

The

headissubcorneal,andconstitutesaboutthefifthof the entire length.

The

_eye

islarge, subcircular,and itshorizontal diameteris contained four times and a halfinthe length of^sideof head.

The

^dorsal

commences

abovethebaseof the pectorals, being quite

low

for about half its length,and terminating ^at about three quarters ofan inchfromthebaseofthe caudal.

The

_originof the analis opposite theeleventh ray of the dorsal,and extendsa little further

back;

^the depth^{of thatfin is}equal^tothe heightofthe portion of the dorsal opposite^toit.

The

eaudalis posteriorlysubtruncated.

The

insertion of ventrals is opposite the posteriorextremityof base of pectorals,and _{their tips}do not extend as far backasthose of the latterfins.

D

IX.13.

A

III. 12.

C

4. 1.6. 5. 1.3.

V

I.5.

P

12.

The

scales areverylarge; thefallof thelateral linetakes place ⁱⁿ

advance

ofthe posteriorextremity ^ofthebaseof dorsal fin.

Rufous

brown

above,yellowishupon^thesides,anddullwhitishyellow^beneath.

Anterior sevendorsal spineswithablack_spotat their base _; ablackish blotch atthebaseof the caudal.

From Monterey

^andSan Diego,^Cal.

ATHERINID.E.

27. Atherinopsis californiensis, Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. vii.

1354,p. 134.

From

Presidio, Cal.

EMBIOTOCOTD.E.

28.

Embiotoca

_{jack.soni,Agass.}

Amer.

Jour, of Sc. Secondseries,xvi. 1853, p.387.

From

Presidio, Cal.

ft,29.

Embiotoca

lineata, G. ^Proc.Acad. Nat.Sc.Philad.vii. 1854,p.134.

A

largespecimen ^ofthisspecies, collected ^at San Diego,Cal.,contained five

young

ones, the ^totallength of the largest beinu nearly three inches,and its

depth equal ^tothethirdof itslength. Theirbodies are _light reddish orange, with the peculiar longitudinal lightstrip?sveryconspicuous.

The two

anterior thirdsofdorsals,the anteriorthirdof anal,andthebaseof ventrals exhibiting a deeper^reddishorange^;the posterior portion of dorsalandof analfinsare rather yellowish.

An

_{elongated jet}black _spot exists near the base of the anterior portion of the ^softdorsal; thetipof ventralsis black; themarginof the anterior dorsal finalsoblack.

The

caudalislongandtruncated;theextremities ofboththe dorsaland anal finsextend beyondthe base of caudal asappears^to be the casein the

young

^of Rhacochilnstozotes.

From

Presidioand San Diego,^Cal.

30.

Embiotoca

cassidyi,G.

There

isanother_{species of}Embiotoca,the

young

of whichexhibit the

same

structure ol thefinsasobservedinthose of

E.

lineata,

[August,

and Rhacochilustoxotes.

We

havebefore usfive

immature

_specimens,the largest of

which

measuresbut

two

inchesandahalf, andis consequentlysmaller than the largest of

E.

liveata.

They

^{werp collected}

by

^A.Cassidy,and sent with otherspecimens, without mention being

made

whether caughtfreely

swimming

in the water, or taken

by him

fiom the parent hsh.

At

_anyrate they are easily distinguished from those of E. Hiteata in possessing

numerous

trans- verse greyish bands

more

or less regular from head to tail and from dorsa toventral line.

The

anterior portion of anal, the anterioredge^{of soft} dorsal, the _{tip ot} spines of ^first dorsal,andthe ventrals are blackish ^: the remaining parts of these^fins,aswell as the caudalandpectorals, areyellowish.

The

cau- dal isslightlyemarginatedposteriorly.

Adult specimens ^ofthis species have not yet ^fallenunderour examination.

We

havenot hesitatedin establishing^itasdistinct from those alreadydescribed afterthe careful study ^{of the}young^inthat family.

From

San Diego, Cal.

31. Holconotcjs niioooTERus, Agass.

Amer

Jour, of Sc. Second series,xvii.

1854,p. 368.

Sixteen

young were

^takenfromihe parentbody; they^arefromeight-tenths of aninch toan_{inch long.}

A

smallvitelline sac isstill tobe observedatthe ab- dominal_region.

The

_general formisslenderand_elongated.

The

headisdeeper thanthe body and rounded^{; the snout}

much

lessprominent than ⁱⁿthe adult;

itsgeneral outlineresembling

more

that ofanadultAmphisti^chits.

The

vertical finsare

much more

developed thanⁱⁿthe parent; the caudalis rounded off, the central raysbeing^the longest.

The

soft dorsal and anal are likewise higher and extendposteriorly^tothebaseofthe caudal ifnot slightly

beyond

it,thedor-

salatleast.

Colorationuniform _light yellowish^{; finswhitish of}an extreme transparency

owinu

undoubtedly^totheirhaving butshortlyescaped fromthe egg.

Specimens

were

obtainedat PresidioandSan Diego,^Cal.

32.

HoLCONorus

trowbridgii, G. This _species isaboutthe sizeof

H.

rho- doterus of

which

ithas the general appearance.

The

body, however,^ispropor- tionally^lesselongatedand consequently

more

_deep.

The

greatest depth,measured

between

the origin of the^firstdorsaland the baseof the ventrals,^iscontained threetimes inthe totallength, whilst the headenters initfourtimesandthree fourths.

The

anterior portion of the body^is superiorlyvery convex, and ^the upper^{surface of} head_{sloping rapidly}towardsaroundedsnoutterminated

by

^a very^small

mouth

;considerablysmaller than inH.rhodoterits, whilst the teeth are

much

shorterthaninthelatterspecies.

The

_eyeislarge and_circular, and contained but three tim<--sin the length of the^sideofhead; the distance

between

the anterior rimoftheorbitand theendol thesnoutislessthanone diameterof the eye.

A

line

drawn

_vertically

down

from _{the origin} of the lirst dorsal

would

_pass immediately behind ^the basp of the pectorals.

The

base of the anal is compris<-d ^six times and a half in the total length of the fish,whilst in II.rhoduterns the base of the

same

finenters inthe length of said species but fivetimes.

The

base ofthe ventralsis nearly equidistant betweenthe

symphy-

sisofthelower

jaw

^andthe posterior extremity of the base of anal; in II.rhu- doterusitisnearertothe snout.

D

IX. 13.

A

^III. 14.

C

5.1. 6. 6. 1.4.

V

I.5.

P

1-16.

The

sizeof the scalesis nearly the

same

in both II.trowbridgii and II.rko- doterus.

The

_upperregion,from theend ofthe snout to thebase of caudal is reddish brown, withirregular interspersed clouded purplish spots.

The

sideofheadand

abdomen

are silvery.

The

^finsareyellowish^{; acloudlike} purplish spot ^at the anterior portion of anal.

The

posterior half^ofventral is ofadeeppurple.

Ohs.

The

label

accompanying

^thisspecies

was

unfortunatelylost,consequently

its location

we

arenot prepared^to give.

33.

Holcoxotus

megalops, G. This _species, six inches and a half in total length,^isthe largest of^its species, as^faras observations_go.

The

_bodyisvery

much

compressed and very deep upon^its middle region, tapering rapidly from

1854.J 153

the origin of analbackwards.

The

_greatest depth measured under^{the anterior} dorsal,^iscontainedalittle

more

than thriceandahalfinthetotallength.

The

head forms a little less than the fourth of the

whole

_length.

The

_cephalic

region ^is concave.

Mouth

rather above the

medium

size,^its cleft being ob- liquely directed upwards; the teeth are very exiguous^; the posteriorextremity ofupper maxillary^{does not} extend beyond^{the vertical lineof the anterior} rim oforbit,

owing

^tothe oblique position of mouth.

The

eye^is verylarge andcir- cular_;itsdiameter being ^{containedless}thanthreetimes inthe length of side of the head.

The

analisvery^Ionsandlow posteriorly.

The

caudal is forked.

The

origin of ventrals^isunderthesecondspine of the anterior dorsal.

D

IX.27.

A

III.32.

C

4. 1. 6.6. 1.3.

VI.

5.

P

1-2G.

The

scales areof

medium

_size,and onthe middle of flanks they ^are higner than long,and subrounded.

Dorsal _region and head above, ashcolored or greyish

brown

; dorsaland cau- dal greyish. Sidesof

abdomen

and _{belly dull} yellowor white,with ^a _silvery reflection. Pectorals yellowish. Base of ventrals yellowish; tip blackish or deeppurple. Anal yellowish^atbase with_tips of rays greyish,and a d.tfused spotupon^itsanterior third.

From

Presidio, Cal.'>

Genus PHANERODON,

^Girard.

Mouth

rather small;

jaws

very protractile; teeth largeandsubcorneal. Lips not veryfleshy; lower one attachedto the symphysis ^{of the} jaw. Anterior part of dorsal^fin graduallyrisingfromthefirsttothelastspine,which,however,

isalittleshorterthan thefirstarticulated ray. Anal very

low

but quite long, furnishedwithbifurcated rays.

This genus^{isallied to}Emhiotoca

by

the presence ofone

row

of teethonly upon boththeupper and lower jaws, and

by

^thelowerlipinnotbeing^freeallaround.

The

structure of the dorsalremindsus ofAmphistlchus, whilst^theshape^{of the} analis strongly suggestiveofHolconotus.

31.

Phankrodox

furcatus, G.

Body

veryflat,seveninches in total length, tapering

more

or lessrapidly

backwards

fromthe origin of both the softdorsal an,I anal.

The

_greatestdepthof body,measured abovethe insertion of ventrals, iscontaineda littlelessthan threetimesinthetotal length, ⁱⁿ

which

the head entersabout fourtimesanda half.

The

cleftof the

mouth

does not extend to the anterior rimoftheorbit.

The

_eyeis large and circular,and its diameter comprised^threetimesand ahalfinthe length of side of the head.

The

inser- tionof ventralsisopposite the fourth dorsal spine.

The

base of anal is nearly equal ^tothatof soft dorsal and lowerthan the _latter, its spiny rays are very small.

The

caudalis slenderand deeply forked.

D

X.23.

A

111.33.

C

4.1. 6.G. 1. 3.

V

I.5.

P

1-19.

The

scales ate largeand provided anteriorlywith

numerous

_grooves.

Color yellowish

brown

_{above, lighter}onthe sides; whitishunderthe throat.

Fins_yellowish.

Margin

^{of dorsal}andcaudal greyish.

A

diffusedmarginalspot uponthe anterior portion of^anal.

From

Presidio, Cal.

3-1. Ampuistjcutjs argenteus, Agass.

Amer.

Jour, of Sc. Secondseries, xvii.

1S>1,p. ^3(57.

From

Presidio, Cal.

CYPRIXID.E.

36.

Posohickthys

ARGVUErosus, G. This_speciesisallied toP.ivceqnilohus;

it is,however,^distinctfromthe latter

by

the structure of the caudal

which

is equilobed ^likethatofP. symmetricus*

The

head iscontainedfivetimes in the rotal length,which,^inthespecimen^{before us,is} about three inches and three quarters.

The

_eyeislarge,subelliptical,anditshorizontaldiametercontained a littleover three times in the length of the side of head.

The

_budyiscompress- ed, regularly fusiform^{in its}outline.

The

insertionof ventralsissituatedsome-

[August, what

behindthe anteriormargin ^{of the dorsal.}

The

_pectoralsand ventrals are rather small.

DI.9. AII. 8. C 6. 1. 9. 8.1.5. VI. 9. P 16.

The

scales are well developed; thelateral lineis conspicuous and slightly bent

downwards

_uponthe

abdomen.

The

_{upper regions} are rufous

brown;

the sides and _belly shining silvery.

Minute

blackish dots are scatteredallover,

more

_{densely on} the dorsal region.

A

doubleseries of these spots

may

^betracedalongthe course of thelateral line.

Dorsal and caudalfins greyish yellow; pectorals, ventralsand anal _light yel- low.

From

Presidio, Cal.

37.

Fundulus

PARViPi.NNis,G. Greatest length ofspecimen observed, three inchesand onethird; head containedinita little

more

than four times.

The body

^iscompressed,theback_slightlyarched_anteriorlytothe dorsal fin. Great- est depth ^{a little less} than the"fifth of the length.

Eyes

subelliptical, their horizontaldiametercontained four timesinthe length of side ofhead: once in advanceof the anteriorrim oftheorbit. Anterior marginof dorsal equidistant between_tipofsnoutand_posteriormarginof caudal,

which

is subconvex.

The

origin of analisopposite themiddleofbase ofdorsal. Allthefinsare ofsmall dimensions.

D

II. 11.

A U. C5. 1.9. 8. 1.4. V5. P 16.

Scales rather large; twelvelongitudinal

rows may

be counted on the line of greatestdepthof body.

Ground

color greenishyellow; upperpart of head,

back

and sides blackish, re- sultingfromtheaccumulationof minutedots upon^the scales, less

crowded

on theflanks. Belly and inferior surface of head, unicolor, yellowish.

A

black stripe existsupon^the middleof the flanks,from the anterior third of

body

^to the base of caudalfin.

From

_{San Diego,}Cal.

GAJ)\DM.

3S.

Gadus

proximus, Grd. Proc.

Acad.

Nat.Sc. Philad.^vii. 1854,p. 141.

From

Presidio, Cal.

CLUPEID.E.

39.

Clupea

mirabilis,Grd. Proc.

Acad.

Nat.Sc. Philad. vii.1854, ^n. 13S.

An immature

_specimen,a

few

inchesinlength, the label of

which was

mis- carried.

40.

Meletta c^rulea,

Grd. Proc.

Acad.

Nat.Sc. Philad.vii. 1854,p.138.

From

Presidio, Cal.

41. Kngratjlis_-viordax,Grd. Proc.

Acad.

Nat. Sc.Philad.vii. 1854,p.138.

From

SanDiego, Cal.

42.

Engraulis

delicatissimus,

G The

fascies ofthisspecies ^is widely ^dif- ferent fromthat of either E.eacrasieholvs or

E. mordax

:the

body

being

more

compressed,^lesstapering,and thehead

much

shorterandlessacute.

The

entire length of the largestspecimen ^{before us is}about three inches, the head _being comprised^initnearly ^five timesanda half.

The

_greatest depth^of

body

^{is a}

littlelessthanthe length of head, theupper^{surface of}

which

isconvex and but siishtly declive.

The

eye ^is large and circular,and its diameter contained twiceandthree fourths ofatimeinthe

lenth

of the side of head.

The

_origin

ofdorsalisnearer theendof snout thantotheextremity^{of caudalfin.}

The

latter isforked.

The

baseof analisalmosttwiceas long as that of dorsal,anditsan- terior marginsituated opposite themiddle region of the ^latter.

The

ventrals are smallandshort ; the pectorals longandslender.

D

14.

A

24.

C

7. 1.8.8. 1. 6.

V 5.P

^19.

The few

scalesleft scatteredalloverthe

body

^areverylarge.

Ground

color yellowish; ^asilveryband, about^{atenth of} an inch, or slightly more,ⁱⁿwidth, occupies the middleof the flanksfrom headtobaseofcaudal.

From

_{San Diego,}Cal.

1854.] 155 SALMONID.*:.

43.

Argentina

pretiosa, G.

The body

isgracefully elongated,compressed?

fusiformin itsoutline, sixinchesandone-thirdin totallength,ⁱⁿ

which

thehead entersforalittlelessthan the fifth.

The

_eye islargeand_circular,and^itshori- zontaldiameter iscontaineda littleoverfourtimesinthe length of side of head.

The

_{posterior extremity} ofupper maxillary extends ^{to a vertical line}

which would

_passin advanceofthe _pupil.

The

_{origin of} dorsal fin isalittle nearer the_tipoflower

jaw

^{than tothe baseof caudalfin.}

The

_adiposeissituated op- posite theposterior fourth of^anal.

The

caudalis forked. Trie origin of ventrals isplac