optimization of low cost blood pressure simulator for

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By

Nico Antonio Santoso 11306003

BACHELOR’S DEGREE in

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING – BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CONCENTRATION

FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY The Prominence Tower

Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat No. 15, Alam Sutera Tangerang, Banten 15143 - Indonesia

August 2017

Revision after the Thesis Defense on 20^thJuly 2017

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STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.

Nico Antonio Santoso

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Student Date

Approved by:

Fuad Ughi, S.T, M.T.

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Thesis Advisor Date

Achmad Abdillah, S.T.

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Thesis Co-Advisor Date

Dr. Dipl. -Ing. Samuel P. Kusumocahyo

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ABSTRACT

OPTIMIZATION OF LOW COST BLOOD PRESSURE SIMULATOR FOR AUTOMATIC NONINVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE MONITOR

By

Nico Antonio Santoso Fuad Ughi, S.T., M.T., Advisor Achmad Abdillah, S.T., Co-Advisor

SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY

Blood pressure simulator is a device to simulate human blood pressure in order to test the Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitor whether it is accurate or not. The main problem in Indonesia is that there are only few institutions which own this simulator, because it is very expensive. It costs more than one hundred million rupiahs as stated in e-catalogue from Government Procurement of Goods and Services Agency.

Preliminary research was already able to simulate normal human blood bressure with deflation method only. In this research, there will be analyzed data on the new method, which is inflating method. It will then be used as comparison to the preliminary method. The improved algorithm will also have more reference data to simulate more presets of blood pressure, especially the abnormal blood pressure. The inflating method can also be used to simulate blood pressure for Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitor which applied the inflating method for blood pressure acquisition.

Keywords: Oscillometric Blood Pressure Monitor, Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitor, Blood Pressure Simulator, Arduino

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DEDICATION

I dedicate this thesis works to my parents, Guntur Santoso and Suzie Atmadja,

who offered me unconditional love and support all the time, to my sister Nina Cornelia Santoso,

to all of my friends and partner, and to my future self.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First and foremost, I would like to give thanks to God for His guidance and blessings that have been given to me during my hardest time during my thesis writing and make me to be able to finish it on time.

My greatest gratitude goes to Mr. Fuad Ughi, S.T., M.T. and Mr. Achmad Abdillah, S.T., as my beloved thesis advisor and co-advisor for sharing their expertise not only regarding technical stuffs but also many valuable general knowledges. Without their valuable assistance, this thesis would not have been completed. Thank you for the sincere help and guidance.

I would also like to thank all of the staffs at Balai Pengamanan Fasilitas Kesehatan (BPFK) Jakarta especially Mr. Agus Yulianto for sharing his knowledge, experience and helped preparing the equipment for data taking.

I also place on record, my sincere thank you to all my colleagues in Life Sciences 2013 especially my best friends, Ricky Tjen, Jimmy Ong and Adianto Jayaratana, for their support during my thesis work and also my entire biomedical engineering 2013 class mate at Swiss German University, made me really pleasure to conduct my undergraduate study in the past four years.

Last but not least, special gratitude to my dearest family, my parents and my sister for always help me without any second thought and for always believe in me. I also thank my partner, Grace Honggosaputra, who gave me her biggest support through this venture. Thank you for being such an amazing and considerate companion.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR... 2

ABSTRACT... 3

DEDICATION...5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...6

TABLE OF CONTENTS... 7

LIST OF FIGURES...9

LIST OF TABLES...12

LIST OF EQUATIONS...13

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION...14

1.1. Background...14

1.2. Research Problems... 15

1.3. Research Objectives... 16

1.4. Significance of Study... 16

1.5. Research Questions... 16

1.6. Hypothesis... 16

CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW... 17

2.1 Usage of Blood Pressure Monitors for Personal and Institution...17

2.2 Manual Sphygmomanometer and Automatic Blood Pressure Monitor... 18

2.3 Blood Pressure Measurement...19

2.4 Procedure for Acquisition of Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Simulators... 20

2.5 Oscillometric Method of Blood Pressure Measurement using Inflating and Deflating Method...22

2.6 Preliminary Research on Low-Cost Blood Pressure Simulator...23

CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODS...24

3.1 System Concept... 24

3.2 Reference Data Taking... 33

3.3 Prototype Evaluation Method...38

CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS... 39

4.1. Analysis on Reference Data Taking... 39

4.1.1. Blood Pressure Presets Analysis... 40

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GLOSSARY... 75

REFERENCES... 76

APPENDIX 1 Datasheet of Pressure Sensor MPX5100GP... 78

APPENDIX 2 Datasheet of DFRobot DFRduino Romeo-All in one Controller V1.1 79 APPENDIX 3 Datasheet Micro Air Pump... 80

APPENDIX 4 Datasheet Nextion 3.2” HMI LCD Display (NX4024T032)...81

APPENDIX 5 Raw Data Of 30 Tests from Omron at 120/80 mmHg (System)... 82

APPENDIX 6 Raw Data Of 30 Tests from FamilyDr at 120/80 mmHg (System)...84

APPENDIX 8 Raw Data Of 30 Tests from FamilyDr at 150/100 mmHg (System)....88

APPENDIX 10 Raw Data Of 30 Tests from FamilyDr at 200/150 mmHg (System)..92

APPENDIX 11 Raw Data Of 30 Tests from FamilyDr at 60/30 mmHg (System)...96

APPENDIX 12 Certificate of Omron NIBP Monitor...98

APPENDIX 13 Certificate of FamilyDr NIBP Monitor... 101

CURRICULUM VITAE...104