Seed production has become one of the factors supporting the continuity of fish farming activities. Common carp, Cyprinus carpio is one of the largest freshwater fish productions supporting human food needs in the world. The results showed that there were four factors that influenced sperm production: the number of male spawners, the amount of food for the young, the spawning frequency and the frequency of use of the same female spawners.
Development of carp seed production could be done by considering supply of sufficient number of good quality spawners, good protein feeding and efficient feeding technique and spawn recovery time for the female spawners. Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan Province, is one of the regions that operate carp culture activities with production level up to individuals. Increased fish seed production is expected to maintain the sustainability of the carp culture industry.
However, using the same female spawners for multiple spawning activities during the reproductive cycle will also cause seed production decline (Table 3). Therefore, to increase the seed production, the fish farmers can increase various inputs and reduce the frequency of use of the same female spawners to give them time to recover and to have perfect maturation. On the other hand, the economic yield of the larvae produced in the hatchery is more important than the fry growth.
Bhuyan A., Akther S., Aktar N., 2012 Current status and fish seed production of the hatcheries of six upazilas of Rajshahi district.
The analysis of factors influencing carp (Cyprinus carpio) seed production in Bungur District, Tapin
Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan province, is one of the regions that operates carp culture activities selama period 2013-2017 with average production level to individuals.year-1 (livestock and fisheries Service of Tapin Regency 2018). This study site selection was done as the Bungur district is the fish-seeding center of Tapin Regency with the largest aquaculture area and number of fish farmers. Comment [indra6]: also add information about the statistical analysis, since you refer to it in one of the tables.
The regression coefficients of all inputs used in the model were a priori assumed to be positive (Ogundari & Akinbogun 2010; Asamoah et al 2012), except for the frequency of using the same spawning females. Overall, the number of brood produced by fish farmers was 4-53 females and 14-178 males per business unit. In order to maintain the quality of the produced seed, the frequency of using the same spawning grounds was 2-6 times a year-1, and every year new broods are prepared to replace the old ones.
These are the fry size ranges that are commonly prepared by the hatchery for the fish farmers under different selling prices, 2-3 cm, 3-5 cm and 5-8 cm long that would take about 2 months. The amount of profit achieved will determine the farmer's decision-making in the company's production planning. Commented [C9]: These are the fry size ranges commonly produced by the hatchery to the fish farmers under various selling prices.
The production factors of positive value and significant effect on production were the number of male spawners, amount of feed for seeds and frequency of spawning carried out by the pond farmers. However, the female-male ratio practiced by the pond farmers at the study site indicated that the total weight of male fry was still below the total weight of female fry. The largest part of production costs is feed, so it is important to know the optimal feeding and the right implementation of feed management strategy (Jia et al 2016).
In addition to feeding techniques, fish farmers must understand how to store the feed before use. According to Solomon et al (2016), closed storage can prevent nutritional damage to the feed. We would also like to thank the fish farmers of the Publich Hatchery Unit in Bungur District, Tapin Regency for their cooperation.
Aryani N., Azrita, Mardiah A., Syandri H., 2017 Influence of feeding rate on growth, feed efficiency and carcass composition of giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy). N., 2009 Feeding ecology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in a rice-fish culture system of apatani plateau (Arunachal Pradesh. India).
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The analysis of factors influencing carp (Cyprinus carpio) seed production in Bungur District, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan
Carp seed production development can be done by taking into account the provision of sufficient number and good quality spawning plants, good protein nutrition and efficient feeding technique, and spawning recovery time of the female fry. Studies on the effect of various factors on carp's condition have been done a lot, such as how the intestinal microbes affect the fish growth (Li et al 2013) to how the toxin effect, such as cobalt chloride, on the hematological condition of carp (Saravi et al 2009). Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan province, is one of the regions operating carp culture activities during 2013-2017 with average production level up to ind.yr-1 (Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Service of Tapin Regency 2018).
This study site selection was done as the Bungur district is the fish-seeding center of Tapin Regency with the largest aquaculture area and number of fish farmers. The accuracy of the C-D production function model was tested with classical assumption tests that include test normality, multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity, then goodness of Fit (R2), simultaneous variable coefficient test (F-test) and partial variable coefficient test (t-test) were done. To maintain the quality of the produced seed, the frequency of use of the same female eggs.
These are the sizes of fry usually offered by the hatchery to the fish farmers at different retail prices, 2-3 cm, 3-5 cm and 5-8 cm total length that take about 2 months. The quality of fish gametes, male or female, is determined by a number of factors, such as age, management, food, chemical and physical factors, water quality, etc., which influence the short-term survival of the embryos, larvae and/or fry or long term (Valdebenito et al 2013). The use of a larger number of spawners in the spawning activity will positively influence the number of eggs produced.
Higher feeding frequency has a positive influence on the fish's growth and makes the feed turnover ratio more efficient (Ganzon-Naret 2013a). The percentage of feed given will affect the growth rate of the fish such as weight gain (Ganzon-Naret 2013b; Sofia et al 2013). According to Rawat et al. can tubifex supplements be used to increase fish survival, especially in indoor seed rearing.
This finding indicated that fish farmers must pay attention to the availability of sufficient quantities. Bhuyan A., Akther S., Aktar N., 2011 Current status and production of fish seed in hatcheries of six upazilas of Rajshahi district. 36 Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, e-mail: [email protected] This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium. , if the original author and source are given.
This species also became the third largest fish culture commodity in the world (Xu et al 2012; . FAO 2018) and one of the fish species that can achieve high biomass and its distribution REVISED 7 APRIL 2020. This function is widely used in the field of agricultural economics to show the relationship between the number of inputs and outputs (Singh 2008; Osuagwu & Olaifa 2018). This finding suggested that fish farmers should pay attention to the availability of sufficient number of good fry, good protein feed, efficient feeding technique and longer post-spawning recovery time for female eggs.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any media, provided the original author and source are credited.