By
Ellen Ferranda 11403025
BACHELOR’S DEGREE
in
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION – HOTEL AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Concentration
FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND COMMUNICATION
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY The Prominence Tower
Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat No. 15, Alam Sutera Tangerang, Banten 15143 - Indonesia
August 2018
Revision after Thesis Defense on 26th of July 2018
STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.
Ellen Ferranda
_____________________________________________
_______________
Student
Date
Approved by:
Munawaroh, S.E. M.M.
_________________________________________________ ________________
Thesis Advisor Date
Dr. Nila Krisnawati Hidayat, S.E. M.M
________________________________________________ ________________
Dean Date
ABSTRACT
THE IMPACT OF VISUAL MEDIA IN SOCIAL MEDIA AS A DESTINATION PROMOTIONAL TOOL TOWARDS TOURIST’S DECISION MAKING PROCESS IN THE CONTEXT OF DESTINATION IMAGE. CASE: KEPULAUAN
SERIBU By
Ellen Ferranda
Munawaroh, S.E. M.M, Advisor
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERISTY
Kepulauan Seribu has had difficulties to meet the target number of visitors since 2015 even after being chosen as one of the top 10 priority destination in Indonesia.
Therefore, this research is dedicated to find out if the promotional activities of visual media in social media have an impact towards tourist’s decision-making process by using destination image as the mediation. The research is conducted by using online questionnaires and using snowball and convenient technique in Jakarta. The data was analyzed in SPSS system to retrieve the result. The result of this study is that visual media in social media doesn’t have to go through destination image to have an impact towards decision-making. However, destination image has a huge impact towards decision-making process. Therefore, it is concluded that even though visual media promotion of Kepulauan Seribu in social media doesn’t have to be mediated by destination image, decision-making process of a tourist is hugely influenced by destination image.
Keywords: Visual Media, Social Media, Destination Image, Decision-Making, Tourist’s Behavior
©Copyright 2018 by Ellen Ferranda All rights reserved
DEDICATION
I dedicated this work for both myself and Kepulauan Seribu in order to help with the progress of myself and the destination.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First, I would like to thank God for giving me the chance to write this dissertation and the courage to accomplish it because without Him and without His blessings, this research will not happen.
Second, I would like to express my biggest gratitude to my parents, who have supported me both financially and emotionally throughout my studies for four years in SGU, because without them, I wouldn’t be able to accomplish my studies until now.
Third, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude towards my dissertation supervisor, Ms. Munawaroh, who has guided, assisted, advised, motivated and supported me throughout the process of making this thesis and conducting the research.
Without her help, I wouldn’t be able to accomplish this thesis smoothly.
Fourth, I would like to thank my friends, Adiel Kurnia Wibowo, Tasya Liong, Caroline Mutiara Prasandya, Samuel Wibisono, and Bethanya Claudya, who have supported and motivated me during hard times during my studies and in the process of creating this thesis.
Overall, I would like to express my biggest gratitude towards everyone that has involved during the process of my their because without their support, I wouldn’t be able to finish this thesis and to do this correctly.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR ... 2
ABSTRACT ... 3
DEDICATION ... 5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... 6
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ... 13
1.1 Background ... 13
1.2 Research Problem ... 18
1.3 Research Question ... 18
1.4 Research Objectives ... 19
1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 19
1.6 Significants of Study ... 19
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ... 20
2.1 Conceptual Framework ... 20
2.1.1 Digital Marketing ... 22
2.1.2 Visual Media ... 23
2.1.3 Types of Visual Media for Destination Marketing ... 24
2.1.4 Technology Acceptance Model ... 26
2.1.5 Destination Image ... 28
2.1.6 Visual Media and Destination Image ... 30
2.1.7 Tourist’s Decision-Making Process ... 31
2.2 Previously Study ... 35
2.3 Study Differences/Similarities ... 40
2.3.1 Type of Visual Media ... 40
2.3.2 Variables ... 40
2.3.3 Data Collection Method ... 41
2.4 Hypothesis ... 42
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ... 43
3.1 Type of Study ... 43
3.2 Unit Analysis/Unit Observation ... 43
3.3 Sampling Design ... 43
3.3.1 Population and Sample ... 44
3.3.2 Sampling Method ... 44
3.3.3 Sample Size ... 45
3.4 Location & Time Frame of Study ... 46
3.5 Data Sources and Collection Method ... 47
3.5.1 Type of Data ... 47
3.5.2 Data Collection Method ... 48
3.5.3 Questionnaire Structure ... 49
3.6 Research Model ... 50
3.7 Variable Operationalization ... 51
3.8 Data Processing Procedure ... 56
3.8.1 Data Preparation ... 56
3.8.2 Data Screening ... 57
3.8.3 Validity Test ... 57
3.8.4. Reliability Test ... 59
3.9 Data Analysis Technique ... 59
3.9.1 Classical Assumption Test ... 59
3.9.2 Simple Linear Regression ... 61
3.9.3 T-Test ... 61
CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND DISCUSSION ... 62
4.1 Brief Company Background ... 62
4.2 Respondent Profiles ... 67
4.2.1 Gender ... 67
4.2.2 Age ... 68
4.2.3 Income per Month ... 68
4.2.4 Occupation ... 69
4.2.5 Last Education ... 69
4.2.6 Domicile ... 70
4.2.7 Social Media Usage ... 70
4.3 Inferential Statistic Analysis ... 71
4.3.1 Pre-Test ... 71
4.3.2 Post Test ... 83
4.4 Hypothesis Result & Analysis ... 94
4.4.1 Simple Linear Regression Analysis ... 94
4.4.2 T-Test ... 96
4.4.3 Discussion ... 97
4.4.3.1 Hypothesis 1 ... 97
4.4.3.2 Hypothesis 2 ... 97
4.4.3.3 Hypothesis 3 ... 98
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ... 100
5.1 Conclusion ... 100
5.2 Managerial Implications ... 101
5.3 Recommendation for Further Study ... 102
REFERENCES ... 103
GLOSSARY ... 124
APPENDICES ... 125
Appendix 1: Questionnaire in Indonesian ... 125
Appendix 2: Questionnaire in English ... 133
Appendix 3: Questionnaire with Answer ... 140
Appendix 4: T-Table Value ... 146
Appendix 5: Curriculum Vitae ... 148