COLLOCATION IN TRANSLATION OF INFORMATION BOARDS AT ADITYAWARMAN MUSEUM PADANG
Aisyah Syafriani, Edward Kemal, Yelliza
Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Didalam penelitian ini, peneliti fokus dalam menganalisa kolokasi yang ada di Museum Adityawarman Padang. Tujuan peneliti ini adalah untuk mengetahui tipe- tipe kolokasi yang terdapat di papan pengumuman Museum Adityawarman Padang.
Berdasarkan penggunaan kolokasi di papan pegumuman Museum Adityawarman Padang. Peneliti mengetahui tipe-tipe dari kolokasi dan tipe yang cenderung digunakan yaitu: lexical collocation dan grammatical collocation. Data penelitian berupa dokumen dar papan pengumuman yang ada di Museum Adityawarman Padang. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan analisis dokumen sebagai metode dalam teknik analisa data. Dari hasil penelitian, peneliti menemukan 15 tipe dari lexical collocation dan 22 tipe dari grammatical collocation. Dari tipe yang didapat terlihat bahwa tipe yang cenderung digunakan adalah grammatical collocation. Mereka menggunakan banyak grammatical collocation untuk membuat pengunjung atau wisatawan lebih mudah memahami bahasa yang ada dipapan pengumuman dengan mudahnya bahasa yang dapat dimengerti, pengunjung atau wisatawan dapat mengetahui lebih banyak sejarah Minangkabau yang ada di Museum Adityawarman Padang.
Kata Kunci: Kolokasi, Gramatikal kolokasi, Leksikal kolokasi
INTRODUCTION
Language is a very important part of human life, because every single person in this world used to communicate each other. We can convey a language with some ways, that are spoken, written, and body language. Spoken language is the way of people to communicate orally.
Written language the way of people to
communicate by letters. In addition, the definition of body language is to communicate with used gesture. Those forms of language can be used in our daily life depends in the context.
Language also often used by the people in the recreation place to explained about something.
Nowadays, recreation place is the thing that can not be separated in
human life. Moreover, in this modern era, people often felt so stress with their work. Therefore, many people need for having the creation to refresh their mind and heart. Beside it, choosing the place of recreation is also the most important thing to do before the people have the recreation. As we know, many of recreation place that exist nowadays. One of the recreation places is a museum, like the museum in west sumatera who called museum Adityawarman.Museum
Adityawarman always success to attract the attention of people just not the people who come from Indonesia it is self but also it has been success to attract the attention of the tourist from all around the world. Beside becomes the tourism place, museum Adityawarman also serves the history and culture of Indonesia. One of the examples is by serves the explanation of the history and culture through the boards who use bilingual language that is English and Indonesia. For understanding the meaning of the information of those boards, people
need to understand about the semantic aspect.
Semantic is one of the study that can help human in understanding the language. According to Kreidler (1998:3), semantic is the systematic study of meaning and linguistic.
semantic is also has the strong relation with translation. Translation is the process for transferring the language.
It has the combination from English words into Indonesian language. For translating the meaning, collocation is also the most important part to know by the people. Collocation has different characteristic between one language and another language.
English collocation can be translated into Indonesian collocation.
According to the matters that have been explained clearly above about collocation. The researcher assumes that it is important to do a study about the collocation that found in information board of museum Aditya warman. It is important to be researched because much of people do not know about collcation that found
in information board of Aditya warman museum.So it has the possibility for making the people have miss understanding in understanding the meaning of that exist in the information board. That phenomena about the miss understanding of people in understanding the meaning of the information board still happen untill now. Therefore, based on those reasons the researcher is interested do the research about collocation found in information board of Aditya warman museum.
Translation
Translation is transferring a activity from source language into target language with the closest and natural equivalence in the target language. Translation is also transferring the words or message to equivalent of meaning. Furthemore, one of the key problems for the analyst was in actually determining wheter the source text meaning had been transferred into the target text, Hatim and Munday (2004:34). It means that, the procedures in translation
techniques are used for sentences and the smaller units of language, while the translation in method is related to the whole text.
Then, Catford ( In Malmkjaer 2005:24), argues the translation as the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language. It means that, in the process of translation there are should be an appropriate equivalence between the source language and also in target language.
Translating consist of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.
Based on the explanation about the translation, it means that translation is a process of transferring the information, idea, or paragraph from the source language to the target language. Translation is also a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message or statement in one language by the same message or statement in another language.
Semantic
Semantic is the study of meaning in language. According to Saeed (2003:3-4), semantic is the study of meaning, As our original definition of semantic suggests itis a very broad field of inquiry, and we find scholars writing on very different methods, thought sharing the general aim of describing semantic knowledge.
Its mean that semantic is the most diverse field within linguistic.
Yule (2010: 112), Semantic can be defined about the meaning of words, phrases and sentences. In semantic, there is always an attempt to focus on what the words conventionally mean, rather than on what an individual speaker might want them to mean on a particular occasion.
Its mean that semantic concerned with objectives or general meaning and avoids trying to account for subjective or local meaning.
In conclusion, Semantic is a linguistic study about the meaning of words, sentences or paragraph and the linguistic have to collocation in
semantic to be able understand the meaning. Because the collocation is rool of the linguistic as aspect in a meaning. Collocation can be found in a sentence or paragraph. Then, while semantics is the study of meaning in language there is more interest in certain aspects of meaning than in others.
Collocation
Collocations are translated into different words combination to indicate the same meaning. Hill (2000) says that is collocation are introduced to a learner, the better chance for her/him to be succesfull in learning the language. In teaching and learning collocation, those concerned should realized that collocation is an important aspect of language learning, in the same way as grammar, pronounciation, stress, and other language components. It means that, coolocation is important aspect for learners. Collocations should be introduced to students as the earliest possible stage of language learning.
Nesselhauf (2004:11) give the definition that collocation can be seen as a type of word combination, most commonly as one that is fixed to some degree but not completely. Collocation is combinantion word by word, sentences or phrase. It means that, collocation are translated into different word combination to indicate the same of the meaning. For example, take a bathis not literally translated to
‘’mandi’’. So that is translate to mandi to make the translation acceptable without destroying the meaning and keep the original message in yhe source of language.
In conclusion, collocation is a unit in linguistics pieces with a grammatical function. for example, a native English speaker would never say ’big rain’. If you use the normal collocation ’heavy rain’ your english will sound a lot better and more natural and it will be easier for native speakers to nderstand you.
Types of Collocation
Benson and Ilson (2009: 13) mention there are two types of
collocation, Grammatical collocations and Lexical collocation. Grammatical collocations consist of a dominant word ( a noun, adjective/participle, verb) and preposition or a grammatical structure, such as an infinitive or clause ( noun+to+infinitive). They are always listed under the dominant word; whereas lexical collocations are formed by constructions such as the following: verb_noun,adjective
+noun,noun+ verb,noun+
noun,adverb+ adjective,and adverb+verb.
The first category consist of the main word ( a noun, an adjective, a verb) plus a preposition or to+infinitive or that-caluse and is characteristic by 8 basic types of collocations:
G1= noun+preposition e.g. blockade against, apathy towards
G2=noun+to-infinitive e.g. He was a fool to do it. They felt a need to do it.
G3=noun+that-clause e.g.We reached an agrrement that she would represent us in court. He took an oath that he would do his duty.
G4=preposition+noun e.g. by accident in agony
G5=adjective+preposition e.g. fond of children,hungry for news
G6=adjective+to-infinitive e.g it was necessary to work, it’s nice to be here
G7=adjective+that-clause e.g. she was afraid that she would fail, it was imperative that I be here
G8=19 different verb patterns in English e.g. verb+ to-infinitive (they began to speak), verb+bare infinitive(we must work) and other.
Lexical collocations do not contain prepositions, infinitives or relative clauses but consist of noun, adjectives, verbs and adverbs. There are 7 types of them:
L1= verb (which means
creation/action) +
noun/pronoun/prepositional phrase e.g.
come to an agreement, launch a missile
L2= verb (which means
eradication/cancellation) + noun e.g.
reject an appeal, crush resistance
L3= (adjective+noun) or (noun used in an attributive way + noun) e.g. strong tea, a crushing defeat, house arrest, land reform
L4= noun+verb naming the activity which is performed by a designate of this noun e.g. bombs explode,bees sting
L5= quantifier+noun e.g. a swarm of bees, a piece of advice
L6=adverb+adjective e.g hopelessly addicted, sound asleep
L7= verb+adverb e.g. argue heatedly, apologize humbly
Based on the explanation above it can be concluded, there are several types of collocation made from combination of verb, noun, adjectives and so on. Using collocations can be improving your style of written and spoken English. A collocation is made up of two or more words that are commonly used together in english. It is a combination of words that are usually together, other combination
that may mean the same thing would seem unnatural.
RESEARCH METHOD
In this research, the researcher used qualitative research. The researcher conducted this descriptive study. The researcher implements descriptive research because the researcher wants to analyze. The collocation in information board at Adityawarman Museum Padang. The descriptive research is very appropriate to describe the phenomenons which happen in environment. It is supported by Gay and Airasian (2000: 275), in descriptive study determines and describes the way things are.
In addition this research was realized at Adityawarman Museum Padang. The data of this research was the information board of Adityawarman Museum. In this research, the researcher used documentation as instrument in this research. The documentation is Information board note taking also will
be employed to write the types of collocation found the information board, then put the into the table based on the types of collocation proposed by Benson (2009:13)
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Referring to the data describes above, for the research question 1 the reseacher found that types of grammatical and lexical collocation that are used by information board of Adityawarman Museum Padang.
Grammatical collocation is a phrase consisting of a dominant word ( noun, adjectives, verb) and a preposition or grammatical structure such as an infinitive or clause and Lexical collocations in contrast to grammatical collocation. Normally do not contain preposition, infinitive or clauses.
Typical lexical collocation consists of nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs.
There were 37 data of collocation that is found in this information board, which is there were 15 types of lexical collocation and 22 type of grammatical collocation.
The type of English Collocation which was mostly used is grammatical collocation. Grammatical collocation fall into the following combination: noun+preposition, noun + ti infinitive, noun + that clause, preposition + noun, adjectives + preposition, predicate adjectives + to infinitive, adjective + that clause and the english verb patterns.
Based on the researcher’s interpretation, it shows that these collocation are used to give the information at Adityawarman Museum Padang. It proved that journalists are more interested to use combination of English word and Indonesia language to write the information because the language that used simple, understandable and interesting.
CONCLUSION
In this section, the researcher give conclusion about types of collocation that found in the information board at Adityawarman Museum Padang.
Based on the data analysis and finding in chapter IV, the researcher found all
of types of Collocation, they are lexical collocation and grammatical collocation. In conducting this research, the researcher use Banson (2009) theories about collocational in the information board. After collecting the collocation and analyzing those words based on the types of collocation, the researcher found 33 data of collocation that is found, which is there were 22 types of grammatical collocation and 15 types of lexical collocation. The researcher hopes that this research could give contribution and knowledge about the aspects of semantic in translation about the collocation. The researcher suggested the others to analyze the types of collocation in information board. Because the researcher is interesting about the idea thought. So that, the study about Collocation will be better in the future. Finally, the writer hopes that this thesis can give the benefits about the collocation and can be useful to all students who wants to analyze and study in depth with similar research.
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