The first aspect is the ability of a coating to improve the material properties of the substrate. The coated implant then requires extensive characterization to determine the properties of the coated material (including SEM, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, ICP).
Modifying Materials Properties through Coating Technology
The coated sample had an elastic modulus more than twice that of the uncoated sample (358 GPa and 151 GPa, respectively). The first observation of the tissue surrounding the implant was taken after four days.
Principles of Coating Process
In the final results obtained, it was possible to coat a titanium implant with this polymer with sufficient stability, and the biocompatibility of the implant was highly dependent on the content of graphene (a form of carbon) and polyurethane, while the bioactivity was dependent on the concentration of !- TCP (a material that mimics bone matrix material and promotes adhesion of the titanium implant). Applying heat to the substrate prior to immersion may enable better deposition and adhesion of the particles in the solution to the material 18.
Characterization of Modified Surfaces
Finally, SEM can also detect X-rays and provide details of the sample's elemental composition (EDS). Like SEM, TEM relies heavily on an electron beam that will pass through the surface of the sample. TEM develops an image from this and the surface features of the coated material are shown at high magnification at high resolution (depending on the wavelength of the electron).
SEM, coupled with EDS, is actually limited to surface characterization and elemental composition of the sample. The minority Raman scattering depends on the chemical composition of the coated material, and a spectrum can be developed that represents the different wavelengths, at arbitrary intensity, that are detected. If the composition of the sample is known, the chemical shifts in the spectra can be compared to known chemical shifts to get a rough idea of what the composition of the sample is.
However, it can be much more useful to determine impurities if the chemical composition of the sample is already known. Particularly for polymers, thermal analysis can describe specific properties of the coated material as a function of temperature.
Improving the Biocompatibility of Orthopedic and Dental Materials
Implants rely heavily on polymeric components such as polyethylene to prevent friction between two metal parts of the implant. This allows parts of the implant to be "hot spots" for bacterial growth and infection as they cannot be coated with silver. DAC hydrogels rely on the properties that reduce the ability of bacteria to adhere to the surface of the implant and prevent biofilm formation.
The combination of bacterial inhibition and osteoblast deposition on the copper-coated implant surface suggests that osteoblastic cells have an advantage to adhere to the surface more quickly than S. This may impede normal healing at the implant site and cause joint loosening. replacement, which may eventually cause failure. By altering the immune response, implant loosening can be curbed and failure rates can be reduced.
Fortunately, HA can be applied to the surface that mimics the composition of bone, allowing a tight and integrative layer to form between the bone and the dental implant, encouraging successful incorporation of the titanium post. This encourages bone formation and minimizes bone destruction, which helps the overall integration of the implant into the bone tissue.
Conclusion
- Goal
- Hypothesis and Objectives
- Background and Motivation
- Current Technologies and Opportunities
- Previous Results
- Workplan and Timeline
The research objective is to synthesize and characterize potassium iodide (KI) coated borosilicate glass and use this technology to determine the overall antibacterial and antiviral properties of the coated substrate. The final piece of the research plan is to determine the cytocompatibility and stability of the coating in simulated physiological fluid. The coated slides are incubated in cell culture combined with a vitality assay to assess the toxicity of the sample.
Also, the coated glass slides will be incubated in simulated saline to assess changes in the surface characteristics of the coated glass and changes in the incubation medium to determine potential toxic effects. The scientific objective of this proposal is to design and characterize a series of KI-coated slides and to investigate the dissolution stability of the coating in contact with aqueous media representative of physiological conditions and relevant cytotoxicity, and to determine the antibacterial properties against E. A suitable coating will be developed and plated onto borosilicate glass slides and extensively characterized against control slides to determine the uniformity and stability of the coating prior to exposure to saline.
Recreate physiological conditions for the glass to be investigated to determine the stability of the coating as well as the overall toxicity of the potassium iodide itself to ensure its safety for human implantation. One of the main aims of this experiment is to determine whether AI-coated materials (borosilicate glass slides) are effective in inhibiting the growth of E. The free radicals will oxidize the bases and cause a transformation in the identity of the base.
Adding heat to the substrate prior to immersion can allow for better precipitation and attachment of the particles in the solution to the material.
Research Plan
- Rationale
- Approach
- Bacterial and Viral Assays to Determine Effectiveness of Coatings
- Rationale
- Approach
- Cytotoxicity Testing and Stability Testing of KI-coated Glass
Spin Coating - KI coatings will be produced by dissolving KI in a solution of ethanol alcohol (or deionized water) to produce between M solution. A borosilicate glass slide (n=1) will be added to the dissolved AI solution and left to rotate for a further 3 hours. Immersion Coating- AI coatings will be produced by dissolving AI in a solution of ethanol-alcohol (or deionized water) to produce intermediate M solution.
A borosilicate glass slide (n=1) will be added to the dissolved KI solution and dipped 10 times using a uniform dipping mechanism. The samples will be kept in an incubator at 37oC for 24 hours before their inhibitory effect is recorded. KI-coated plates and titanium dioxide will be added to the agar plate and activated with UV light.
This will be compared to separate KI-coated slides and titanium dioxide as well as uncoated controls. KI-coated glass (n=3) will be placed in the cell culture together with the pro-substrate and the luciferase.
Summary of Research Plan and Experimental Objectives
Test in which viable basal epithelial cells convert pro-substrate into substrate to which the enzyme luciferase can bind and use.
Potential Pitfalls and Solutions
Alfred University lies in the southern tier of western New York state and is located in Allegany County which is one of the two poorest counties in the state with a population of only 50,000 people. Almost half of the families in the region are single-parent families, and substandard physical conditions at home are common. This outreach program is designed to encourage high school student participation in current Science and Engineering (STEM) subjects, and as such, the PI has designed experiments to be conducted in the Biomaterials Laboratory to facilitate 2-hour visits four to accommodate 20 high. school students for a visit.
Concretely, the demonstrations in the PI's laboratory would like to be expanded to include a more practical approach. Teacher Funds Funds awarded ($1,000) to the teacher will be used to purchase equipment for classroom instruction at their respective high schools. This will help stimulate interest and activity among students in high school before they come to Alfred University, in subject areas that are currently important in the medical field.
Investigation of the bone tissue reaction to glass ionomer microimplants in the maxillary alveolar ridge of the dog. Understanding the role of dip-coating process parameters in the mechanical performance of polymer-coated bioglass robocast scaffolds.
Education Plan and Broader Impact Effects
Broad Dissemination of Research Findings and Career Preparation
Efforts to Promote Integration of Glass Science to the Local Community
Built the Inamori Discovery Center (funded by a $5 million grant from the Inamori Foundation as part of the Inamori Museum) that partners with STEM/Education faculty, pre-service teachers, and STEM students for outreach efforts. Both CYLI support and the Discovery Center facilities are easily accessible and available for outreach activities. Belfast Central High-School and Bolivar-Richburg High-school, both schools are located in a rural area of New York State, approximately 1 hour's drive from Alfred University.
This link was created through the Child Youth Learning Initiative (CYLI) which aims to reach out to rural, relatively poorer communities to bring high school students to a local university to encourage them to consider higher education to advance their career opportunities. PI intends to further this collaboration by applying (as part of this proposed budget) for financial assistance to increase the number of schools (in neighboring counties) that can participate in this program, as well as for the purchase of supplies, payment of travel, food. and additional costs to foster interest in science and engineering (STEM subjects) among high school students. An additional program I would like to develop further is the Women in Science and Engineering (WiSE) program at Alfred University.
This program is intended to encourage women to actively participate in all disciplines of engineering sciences. This program invites female students and parents to visit Alfred University to participate in demonstrations and activities that highlight the potential of engineering as a career choice.
Student Design Innovation Award-Scholarships for Summer Programs
Effect of bioactive glass 45S5 in standard calcium phosphate collagen bone graft substitute on posterolateral fusion of rabbit spine. Antimicrobial effect of iodine-potassium iodide after cleaning and shaping of mesial root canals of mandibular molars. Remarkable effect of potassium iodide in eosin and photodynamic activity of Rose Bengal against Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.
Infection of orthopedic implants with emphasis on bacterial adhesion process and techniques used to study bacteria-material interactions. The effects of iodine blockade after nuclear accidents on thyroid cancer, hypothyroidism and benign thyroid nodules: design of a systematic review. Antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide, iodine potassium iodide, betadine and betadine scrub with and without surfactant against E faecalis in vitro.
Antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication in root canal treatment: a review of the literature - Part II. In vitro antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide combined with chlorhexidine or iodine potassium iodide on Enterococcus faecalis.
