Bluetooth
CP01-03-1 EndarS 2022
Sejarah
• Bluetooth ditemukan oleh Ericsson pada tahun 1994
• Bluetooth digunakan sebagai Wireless Personal Area Network atau WPAN
• Frekuensi yang digunakan masuk dalam range ISM band spesifiknya pada 2.4 – 2.485 GHz
Sejarah
• The first-ever Bluetooth device was a wireless headset unveiled in 1999, which won the “Best of Show
Technology Award” at COMDEX. Soon after the first Bluetooth car kits actually came out in 2001
Sejarah
• They were mono-only, but they served an important purpose – countries around the world were already looking to ban the use of phones while driving.
• The first stereo headphones would arrive in 2004
Sejarah – 2.0 & 3.0
• Bluetooth 2.0 was unveiled in 2005 with “EDR”
(Enhanced Data Rate), which tripled the transfer
speed to 2.1 Mbps. It was an optional feature and it was still too slow for heavy duty data transfers. The
new standard did also boost the range to 30m (100 ft).
• But the true boost to performance would come in
2009 with Bluetooth 3.0 and “HS” (High Speed), which achieved 24 Mbps
Sejarah 4.0 BLE
• Bluetooth 4.0, aka Bluetooth Low Energy, came in 2010 and wasn’t – wasn’t Bluetooth, we mean. The project started at Nokia under the name Wibree, but that would be
incorporated into the next generation of Bluetooth.
• Version 4.0 was slower, it topped out around 1 Mbps, but it was a lot more power efficient, allowing for battery operated accessories to be created (think fitness sensors, healthcare devices, etc.). They could work for years on a single coin cell battery.
Sejarah 4.0 BLE - Lanjut
• Bluetooth 4.0 also extended the operation range to
100m (330 ft.) and lowered the typical latency quite a bit. This release also introduced the Multipoint
feature, which allows Bluetooth headphones to be connected simultaneously to two devices (e.g. your phone and your laptop).
Sejarah 5.0
• Next came version 5.0 in 2016. It significantly
improved the maximum range, reaching 240m (800 ft) with line of sight and up to 40m (130 ft.) indoors. That came at the cost of data speed, but at closer ranges - 5.0 could double the speeds of its predecessor (up to 2 Mbps).
WPAN Bluetooth
• Maximum devices that can be connected at the same time are 7
• Bluetooth ranges upto 10 meters.
• The spreading technique which it uses is FHSS (Frequency hopping spread spectrum)
• A Bluetooth network is called a piconet and a collection of interconnected piconets is called scatternet
Arsitektur
Arsitektur - Piconet
• Piconet is a type of Bluetooth network that contains one primary node called master node and seven active secondary nodes called slave nodes.
• Thus, we can say that there are total of 8 active nodes which are present at a distance of 10 meters.
• The communication between the primary and secondary node can be one-to-one or one-to-many.
• Possible communication is only between the master and slave; Slave-slave communication is not possible.
• It also have 255 parked nodes, these are secondary nodes and cannot take participation in communication unless it gets converted to the active state
Arsitektur - Scatternet
• It is formed by using various piconets.
• A slave that is present in one piconet can act as master or we can say primary in another piconet.
• This kind of node can receive message from master in one piconet and deliver the message to its slave into the other piconet where it is acting as a slave.
• This type of node is refer as bridge node. A station cannot be master in two piconets.
