preface

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PREFACE

Indonesia's optimistic economic growth with an average growth rate of 7.6% per year during the period 2011 through 2012, has trigerred the increase of domestic energy demand by an average of 4.4% per year. By 2030 the energy demand is estimated to be three times the demand level in 2010, while the increase in energy production in 2030 is estimated at twice that of the year 2010. This condition requires a good energy planning and management to ensure the supply of energy in the long term.

As to give a feature on the energy management condition in Indonesia, the National Energy Board deems necessary to publish a booklet entitled "Executive Reference Data: Energy Management towards National Energy Security". This first edition

booklet in 2013, illustrates the energy management of Indonesia up to 2012.

It presents information on the oil, gas, coal and electricity condition, the progress of 10,000 MW accelerated development of the electric power generation plants phase I and phase II, the development of new and renewable energy, CO2 emissions from the energy users sector and of the Indonesia’s energy position in the ASEAN region.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Social Economy 2. Energy Indicator 3. Oil And Gas 4. Coal

5. Electricity

6. Progress Of FTP-I and FTP-II

7. New And Renewable Energy Situation in Indonesia 8. Co

₂

Emissions

9. Indonesia’s Position

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SOCIAL ECONOMY

(5)

POPULATION AND PROJECTION

150 170 190 210 230 250 270 290

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

Projection

(Million people)

In 2010, Indonesia’s population rose to 240 million people, with an annual average growth rate of 1.3% and would become 269 million people in 2020 (Source: Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics)

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POPULATION IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS

Proeksi Penduduk Indonesia

It is estimated that the population in the urban areas will increase in 2015, with the composition of town/city and village by 56% versus 44%. Changes of a village to beccome a town has caused the increase in number and density of population, economic activity is no longer relies on the agricultural sector, to the improvement of infrastructure. (Source: Central Bureau of Statistics Indonesia)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Desa

Perkotaan Rural Urban Rural

5

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GDP BASED ON CONSTANT 2000 PRICES BY SECTOR

Proeksi Penduduk Indonesia

(Billion IDR)

* Temporary Value ** Very Temporary Value

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POOR PEOPLE AND POVERTY BORDER LINE 2011

Sumatera:

Urban : 2,135.7 (10.6%) Rural : 3,269.1 (12.6%) Poverty Line

Urban : Rp. 300,3 Rural : Rp. 253,0

Jawa dan Bali:

Urban : 7,611,7 (8.4%) Rural : 9,281.6 (12.1%) Poverty Line

Urban : Rp. 255,9 Rural : Rp. 177.7

Nusa Tenggara:

Urban : 565,2 (18.1%) Rural : 1,342.5 (20.1%) Poverty Line

Urban : Rp. 256.3 Rural : Rp. 188.1

Papua dan Sekitarnya:

Urban : 113,7 (5.9%) Rural : 1,538.5 (30.8%) Poverty Line

Urban : Rp. 293.5 Rural : Rp. 255.7 Sulawesi:

Urban : 352.9 (7.1%) Rural : 1,789.6 (16.6%) Poverty Line

Urban : Rp. 211.6 Rural : Rp. 190.7 Kalimantan:

Urban : 265.4 (4.6%) Rural : 704.1 (8.8%) Poverty Line

Indonesia

Urban : 11,046.8 (9.2%) Rural : 18,972.2 (15,8%) Poverty Line

(.000)

In 2011, Urban population in Indonesia was 11.04 million people, of which 9.2% of the total were the poor. While the number of people left rural areas was 18.97 million people, of which 15.8% of the total were categorised as the poor. The urban poverty line level was 253 thousand rupiah, and in the rural area was 213 thousand rupiah.

7

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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Jumlah Angkatan Kerja Tidak Bekerja

WORK AND LABOUR

(Million People)

Work force and the unemployment

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Sosial

Lembaga Keuangan

Transportasi dan Komunikasi Perdagangan

Konstruksi

Listrik, Gas dan Air Industri

Pertambangan dan Penggalian Pertanian

Percentage of Main Job-Fields

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ENERGY INDICATOR

(11)

PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Batubara 205.78 258.17 224.59 236.44 281.40 334.14

Minyak dan Produk 461.35 474.03 480.90 484.73 575.25 636.52

Gas dan Produk 196.60 183.62 236.05 251.04 269.94 261.71

Tenaga Air 24.26 28.45 29.06 28.70 44.00 26.37

Panas Bumi 11.18 11.42 13.42 14.97 14.68 15.09

- 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00

MBOE

(MBOE)

Note : Exclude Biomass

(12)

ENERGY MIX

Coal 26.0 % Oil

49.5 %

Gas 20.4 %

Water 2.1 % Geothermal

1.2 % Other RE

0.9 %

2010

2011

Coal

23,6% Oil

47,9%

Gas 22.6%

Water 3,7%

Geothermal 1,2%

Other RE 0,9%

11

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FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR

(MBOE)

Exclude Biomass

(14)

FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

(MBOE)

13

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Electricity LPG Briquette

Other Petroleum Product Fuel

Natural GasCoal

6,13%

3,33%

8,8%

0,01%

12,99%

10,77%

32,82%

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ENERGY FLOW 2011

(16)

OIL AND GAS

(17)

OIL AND GAS RESERVES

Source : Ditjen Migas 2011,

125,29

116,24

3.685,95

813,69

554,43

969,65

598,53

48,51

27,71

66,07 108,84

7,08

50,27 1,23

9,28

16,03 2,98

16,65

2,57

5,26

15,21

24,14

: Gas (TSCF) : Oil (MMSTB)

Proven Potential Total

(18)

OIL SUPPLY

(Thousand Bbl)

Note : discrepancy between production, export, import and domestic demand due to the existing stock

the role of imported crude in 2011 was amounted to 26,25 % from the total that goes to the oil refinery

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Production Export Import Refinery

17

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CRUDE OIL EXPORTS

(Thousand Bbl)

Source : MEMR

(20)

FUEL IMPORTS

(Thousand KL)

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Avtur RON 88 RON 92+RON 95+HOMC Kerosene Fuel Oil

19 Note : - The role of fuel imports in 2011 amounted to 0.04% of the total domestic fuel oil consumption

- The value of imports of RON 88 (premium) increased along with the increase in domestic demand - Kerosene imports declined and disappeared in 2009 due to LPG conversion policy

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GAS SUPPLY

(Thousand MMSCF)

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

PRODUCTION LNG PLANT EXPORT CONSUMPTION

Note : - export means export of gas through pipeline - products of LNG refinery allocated for exports

- discrepancy between the production and the total usage of gas due to gas reinjection, own use and flare

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GAS PRODUCTION

21

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

ASSOCIATED NON ASSOCIATED TOTAL

Note : associated defined as a natural gas found in association with oil, either dissolved in the oil or as a cap of free gas above the oil.

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NATURAL GAS EXPORTS

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

PIPELINE GAS LNG

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NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION

23

- 500.0 1,000.0 1,500.0 2,000.0 2,500.0 3,000.0

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

LNG Plant LPG Plant Refinery City Gas Industry Electricity

(25)

FUEL OIL SUBSIDY DEVELOPMENT

(Trillion IDR)

World oil price hike up to 133 US$

Note : rise in oil prices due to geopolitical crisis in the Middle East and Libya

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OIL FLOW IN 2011

25

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GAS FLOW IN 2011

(28)

COAL

(29)

(BCF per day)

RESOURCES AND RESERVES 2011

TOTAL RESOURCES 161 Billion Ton*

TOTAL RESERVES 28 Billion Ton

Very High ( > 7.100 kal/gr )

Low ( < 5.100 kal/gr ) High ( 6.100 – 7.100 kal/gr ) Medium ( 5.100 – 6.100 kal/gr )

Resources Reserves

(30)

Million Ton

PRODUCTION, EXPORT, DOMESTIC SALE, AND COAL DMO

nOTE : *) Realization forcast in year 2012

Coal DMO started to be enforced in 2010 ₂₉

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COAL EXPORT BY COUNTRY DESTINATION

26.1 Japan 16.6

Taiwan 138.2

Other Asia

10.6 Europe 0.9

Pacific

80.4 Others

(Million Ton)

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COAL REFERENCE PRICE (HBA)

Average HBA : 2011 : 118,4 2012 : 95.48

US Dollar

31

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COAL FLOW 2011

(34)

ELECTRICITY

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ELECTRIC POWER CONDITION

No DESCRIPTION UNIT 2011 2012 2013

Realisation Plan Realisation Plan

1 Demand Growth of Electricity % 10,1 8,4 8,4 8,6

2 Electrification Ratio % 72,95 75,3 76,6 79,3

3 Village Electrification Ratio % 96 96,7 96,7 97,8

4 Total Installed Capacity MW 39.885 44.224 44.124 48.161

a. PLN MW 30.529 33.454 32.108 35.564

b. Independent Power Producer (IPP) MW 7.653 9.066 10.287 10.718 c. Private Power Utilities (PPU) MW 1.704 1.704 1.729 1.729 5 PLN Electricity Production and

Purchase of Electricity GWh 175.213 190.940 193.663 207.409

6 Rural Electricity

a. Sub Station Distribution MVA 368 213,1 249 216,8

b. Distribution Network Kms 17.570,7 8.590,3 11.311,5 9.244,3 c. Cheap and EfficientEelectricity RTS^*) - 83.000 60.702 95.227

Source : MEMR & PLN

*) RTS = Target Households (<450 Watt)

(36)

16,318.00

8,480.97

5,471.93

4,236.02

3,880.83

1,209.00

169.54 57.66 41.00 26.00 5.93 1.16 0.93 PLTU PLTGU P L T D PLTG PLTA PLTP PLTMG PLTM PLTGB PLTSa PLTMH PLTS PLTB

POWER PLANT CAPACITY 2011

(MW)

Total Power Plant Capacity : 39.898,97

35 Note : the figures on the PLTU (steamed power plant) does not only use coal as the primary fuel,

but there is also the use of gas, the MFOand HSD.

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TARGET AND REALISATION OF THE ENERGY MIX POWER PLANT(2008 – 2013)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 *) 2013

Fuel OIl 36% 25% 22% 22,95% 15,02% 9,70%

Bio-Diesel & Other NRE 0% 0% 0% 0,07% 0,12% 0,52%

Hydropower 9% 8% 12% 6,80% 6,44% 6,19%

Geothermal 3% 3% 3% 5,13% 4,75% 4,80%

Gas 17% 25% 25% 21,00% 22,60% 22,12%

Coal 35% 39% 38% 44,06% 51,08% 56,66%

(%)

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POWER PLANTS SITES PLAN IN INDONESIA

Type of PowerPlant

PLTA Plan PLTG PLan

PLGB Plan PLGU Plan

PLM Plan PLTP Plan

PLTU Plan PLTD Plan

37

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ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION NETWORK IN INDONESIA

Existing Transmission Line Transmission Line Plan

(40)

ELECTRIFICATION RATIO (2012)

NAD 90,96%

Sumut 86,70%

Sumbar 76,14%

Riau 85,09%

Sumsel 73,97.%

Bengkulu 79,37%

Babel 94,13%

Lampung 74,91%

Jakarta 99,99%

Banten 77,52%

Jabar 76,03%

Jateng 79,95%

Jambi 70,37%

DIY 77,26%

Jatim 74,31%

Bali 74,31%

NTB 53,63%

NTT 53,42%

Kalbar 71,46%

Kalsel 76,74%

Kaltim 73,08%

Sulut 76,22%

Sulteng 66,83%

Sulsel 76,29%

Malut 74,12%

Maluku 72,07%

Papua 34,62%

Category :

> 73,6 %

50 – 73,6 %

20 - 50 % Sulbar

66,65%

Kepri 83,56%

Sultra 60,53%

Papua Barat 67,88%

Kalteng 73,32%

Gorontalo 60,99%

Note : The category to be attuned to the RPJM Target 2012 (C%) ; RPJM = Long and MediumTerm Development PLan

REALISATION (%) PLAN (%)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Electrification Ratio 64,3% 65,1% 65,8% 67,2% 73,0% 76,6% 79,3% 81,4%

RPJM Target 67,2% 70,4% 73,6% 76,8% 80,0%

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PROGRESS OF FTP-I AND FTP-II

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10,000 MW FAST TRACK PROGRAM PHASE I (FTP I)

300 300

2560

1350

3625.5

1791,5

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Target 5.417 MW (54,6%) Labuan #1

(MW)

Labuan #2 1. Indramayu (3 x 330) 2. Suralaya (1 x 625) 3. Lontar #1 (1 x 315) 4. Rembang (2 x 315)

1. Banten - Lontar #2 & #3 (630 MW) 2. Jatim – Paiton (1x660 MW) 3. Sulut – Amurang (2x25 MW) 4. Sultra – Kendari #2 (10 MW)

1. Kepri – Tj. Balai Karimun (2x7 MW) 11. Kalsel – Asam-asam (2x65 MW) 2. Lampung – Tarahan Baru (2x100 MW) 12. Sultra – Kendari #1 (10 MW) 3. Jabar – Pelabuhan Ratu(3x350 MW) 13. Sulsel – Barru (2x50 MW) 4. Jatim – Pacitan (2x315 MW) 14. NTB – Lombok (2x25 MW) 5. Jatim – Tj.Awar-awar (2x350 MW) 15. NTT – Ende (2x7 MW) 6. NAD – Nagan Raya (2x110 MW) 16. NTT – Kupang (2x16,5 MW) 7. Sumbar – Teluk Sirih (2x112 MW) 17. Maluku – Ambon (2x15 MW) 8. Babel – Bangka Baru (2x30 MW) 18. Malut – Tidore (2x7 MW) 9. Babel – Belitung#1 (16,5 MW) 19. Papua – Jayapura (2x10 MW) 10. Kaltim – Teluk Balikpapan#1 (110 MW)

1. Jateng – Adipala (1x660 MW) 2. Sumut – Pangkalan Susu (2x220 MW) 3. Babel – Belitung#2 (16,5 MW) 4. Riau – Tenayan (2x110 MW) 5. Kalbar – Parit Baru (2x50 MW) 6. Kalbar – Bengkayang (2x27,5 MW) 7. Kaltim – Teluk Balikpapan#2 (110 MW) 8. NTB – Bima (2x10 MW)

9. Gorontalo – Anggrek (2x25 MW) 10. Kalteng – Pulang Pisau (2x60 MW)

Realisation 4.510 MW (45,4%)

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10,000 MW FAST TRACK PROGRAM PHASE II (FTP II)

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

85 291

1972

1570

843

500

905

110 31

700

434 1205

1020

40

PLN IPP

110 945

540 1863

2775 2406

991

116

Total (MW)

(44)

COMPOSITION OF 10,000 MW FAST TRACK PROGRAM PHASE II

3,025

280 64 1,753

4,925

PLTU PLTG PLTGB PLTA PLTP

43

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SUMATERA

•PLTA : 476 MW

•PLTP : 2.670 MW

•PLTU : 531 MW

•PLTGB : 16 MW TOTAL : 3.693 MW

JAWA - BALI

•PLTA : 1.087 MW

•PLTP : 2.010 MW

•PLTU : 1.400 MW TOTAL : 4.497 MW

KALIMANTAN

•PLTU : 548 MW

•PLTGB : 8 MW

•PLTG : 280 MW TOTAL : 836 MW

SULAWESI

•PLTA : 190 MW

•PLTP : 145 MW

•PLTU : 360 MW

•PLTGB : 16 MW TOTAL : 711 MW

MALUKU

•PLTP : 35 MW

•PLTGB : 16 MW TOTAL : 51 MW

NUSA TENGGARA

•PLTP : 65 MW

•PLTU : 70 MW

•PLTGB : 8 MW TOTAL : 143 MW

PAPUA

PLTU : 116 MW

POWER PLANT DISTRIBUTION OF 10,000 MW PROGRAM PHASE II

(EMR Ministerial Regulation Number 01 Year 2012)

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NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

energyBARUKAN

(47)

NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY FLOW 2011

(48)

NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

NO TYPE RESOURCE INSTALLED CAPACITT (MW) RATIO (%)

1 2 3 4 5 = 4/3

1 Hydro (MW) 75.000 MW 6.848,46 MW 9,13%

2 Geothermal (MW) 29.164 MW 1.341 MW 4,6 %

3 Biomass (MW) 49.810 MW 1.644,1 MW 3,3%

4 Solar Energy 4,80 kWh/m²/day 22,45 MW -

5 Wind Energy 3 – 6 m/s 1,87 MW -

6 Ocean 49 GW ²⁾ 0,01 MW ³⁾ 0%

7 Uranium (MW) 3.000 MW 30 MW ¹⁾ 0%

Note:

1) Research scale, non-energy 2) Source: National Energy Council 3) Research Scale: BPPT

47

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Installed

Ready to be developed Detailed Survey

Preliminary Survey

Sumber: Badan Geologi KESDM (2011)

PLTP SIBAYAK: 12 MW

PLTP GUNUNG SALAK: 377 MW PLTP WAYANG WINDU: 227 MW

PLTP DARAJAT: 270 MW

PLTP DIENG: 60 MW

PLTP LAHENDONG: 80 MW

No. Island Total Location Potency (MW)

1 Sumatera 86 13.470

2 Jawa & Bali 76 10.013

3 Nusa Tenggara 22 1.471

4 Kalimantan 12 145

5 Sulawesi 56 2.939

6 Maluku & Papua 33 1.126

TOTAL 285 29.164

PLTP ULUBELU: 110 MW

PLTP ULUMBU: 5 MW

GEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL

PLTP KAMOJANG: 200 MW

(50)

191 243

1.214

1.815

2.650

70 20

855

1.146

1.550

120 223 359

669

1.100

0 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000

2009 2010 2011 2012* 2013**

Produksi Ekspor Domestik

Note : *) tentative figure **) plan

NATIONAL BIO-FUEL PRODUCTION (2009 – 2013)

Biodiesel Installed Capacity: 4,25jmillion KL, and bioethanol: 153 rmillion KL

49 (Thousand KL)

(51)

2009 2010 2011 2012 * 2013

Mandatory 775,9 1.076,1 1.297,0 1.641,0 2.017,0

Realisation 119,4 (15,38 %)

223,1 (20,73 %)

358,8 (27,66 %)

669,4 (40,79 %)

Biodiesel

Bioethanol**

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Mandatory 215,8 660,9 694,0 968,0 1.167,0

Realisation 1.058

(0,49 %) - - -

* Percentage of Biodiesel blending with diesel oil at 7.5% as of February 15, 2013

** There has been no actual utilization of Bioethanol as the revised Market Price Index has not yet been approved

*** Bio-fuel by the Ministry of Finance

UTILIZATION OF BIO-FUEL REALISATION VS MANDATORY

(Juta Liter)

(52)

CO2 Emissions

(53)

NATIONAL COMMITMENT TO REDUCE GHG

26%

(767 million ton)

41%

(1209 million ton)

Domestic effort

Domestic effort and international support

New Energy Development

Energy Conservation

President Commitment in G-20 Pittsburgh and COP15 to reduce greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission by 2020

(54)

INDONESIA’S POSITION

DI KAWASAN ASEAN

(55)

GDP PER CAPITA IN ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES

US $

(56)

55

WORLD OIL RESERVES

(Thousand MMbbl)

BP Statistical Review, by 2011 0

100 200

US Canada Mexico

0 100 200 300 400

Brazil Ecuador Venezuela 0 20 40 60 80 100

0 100 200 300

0 10 20 30 40 50

0 5 10 15 20

(57)

0 200 400

US Canada Mexico

0 100 200 300

Argentina Bolivia Brazil Colombia Peru Trinida… Venezu…

0 500 1000 1500 2000

Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Netherland Norway Russian… Turkmenist… Ukraine Uzbekistan

0 500 1000 1500

0 100 200

0 50 100 150

Australia Bangladesh Brunei China India Indonesia Malaysia Pakistan Papua… Vietnam

WORLD NATURAL GAS RESERVES

(TCF)

By the end of 2011

(58)

WORLD COAL RESERVES

246 BT North America

826 BT Total World

21 BT Indonesia 15 BT

Latin Africa

Europe 50 BT

Africa 32 BT

India

59 BT China

115 BT Rusia 147 BT

Indonesia Coal reserves is 2.5 % of he world total coal reserves

Billion Ton

57

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(Thousand Barrel per day)

ASEAN OIL PRODUCTION

Note:

Data of Other ASEAN member states are not yet provided

58

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(BCF per day)

ASEAN GAS PRODUCTION

Note : data of ther ASEAN Member States are not yet provided

59

(61)

KONSUMSI MINYAK ASEAN

(Thousand Barrel per day)

ASEAN OIL CONSUMPTION

Note: data of other ASEAN Member Sates are not yet

60

(62)

KONSUMSI GAS ASEAN

ASEAN GAS CONSUMPTION

Note : data of other ASEAN Member States are not yet

provided 61

(63)

(Million Ton)

COAL PRODUCTION-EXPORT COMPARISON

Production Export

Note: In 2011, Indonesian coal exports to China was 92,15 million and to India was 64,371 million .tons

(64)

No. Member state

Population (million

peope)

Power Plants (Billion kWh)

GDP/

Capita

Power per Capita (kWh/Capita)

1 Philippines 97.98 57 3,100 588 2 Indonesia 240.27 142 3,500 591 3 Malaysia 25.72 103 14,200 3,490 4 Singapore 4.66 41 48,500 8,185 5 Thailand 65.91 148 7,900 2,079

6 Brunei Darussalam 0.39 3 54,400 8,308

7 Vietnam 86.97 61 2,500 799

8 Laos 6.83 2 1,900 178

9 Myanmar 48.14 6 1,100 97

10 Cambodia 14.49 1 1,800 113

Comparison of Electric Power Consumption in ASEAN Member States

Catatan : data terakhir tahun 2010

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