Proceedings of the United States National Museum

1886.]

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.

LIST OF FISHES COLLECTED AT HAVANA, CUBA, IN DECEMBER,

1883,

WITH NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS.

By DAVID

^ti.

JORDAN.

In theProceedings of the U. S. National

Museum

for 1884, pp. 103- 150, is given an account of the collections of fishes obtained

by me

at

Key West

in December, 1883. Afterfiniyhing the

work

there de- scribed I spent ten days in

Havana,

devoting all

my

time to

making

collectionsof fishes inthe various marketsof thecity.

Two

hundred

and

five species wereobtained. These areenumeratedin the present paper, withsuch notesasseem to

me

Avortliy of preservation.

In connectionwith each speciesI give the Spanish

names

as heard by myselfinthe market,and inall cases wherethes])ecific

name

ad(^^ited

by

me

is different from that used ⁱⁿ Professor Poey's excellent "Enu- meratio Piscium Cubensium,"^I have given Poey's

name

in the syn- onymy.

I have had especial opportunities to be sureof

my

identifications of Poey's species, as I spent almost every evening of this time at the professor's house, and

my

listofthe

day was

counnented on,

and

in all

disputedcases specimens were

compared

directly with thedescriptions

and

drawings ofhis

MSS.

Ictiologia Cubana.

In

some

cases Ihave not been able toagree with Professor Poey,

who

has regartled the

Cuban

faunaas in

some

degreedistinct from thatof theAntilles generally. This has been almost unavoidable on ^{his part,} asthedescriptionsextantoffishesfromother parts of the

West

Indies are very unsatisfactory. There can be no doubt, however,that

Cuba

forms, with the otherislands of the

West

Indies, A (•ontiiiuous fauna, the differences being, as a rule, ou]j those

due

to differences in the character ofthe bottoms

and

the shores.

In

some

cases I have regarded species of

Poey

as nominal,

two

or

more

ofthem, perhaps, referring, in

my

opinion, toone species.

As

to this i)oiut I

may

here quotefrom a sketch ofthe

work

of Professor Fe- lipe Poey, published

by me

in the Popular Science

Monthly

for 1884, p. 549.

"Of

latethe types of the

new

species described by Professor

Poey

have ^l»een, after being carefully studied by him and represented in life-sizedrawings,mostly sent toother museums. ^{* * *} Duplicates have been rarelyretained in

Havana,

thecostof keeping

up

aperma- nent collection being too great.

As

a result of this. Professor Poey's

work

hassometimessufferedfrom lackof

means

^ofcomi)aringspecimen^

32 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

taken at differenttimes. ThereisnozoologicallaboratoryinCuba, e cept tbe private study of Professor Poey,

and

here, for \vaut of roo

and

forother reasons,drawingshave,to a gr(?at extent,taken the pla(

of specimens." ^{* * *} Poey's writings " give

some

evidenceof tl

disadvantages arising from solitary work, without tlie aid of the ass ciation

and

criticism of others,

and

without tlie broader knowk^lge ⁽ the relations of groups which

comes

from die study ot more tiian oi

fauna.

On

the other hand, Professor

Poey

has enjoyed the great a(

vantageof an exhaustless supply of material, for there are lew por wherefishes are broughtin in such quantities or in such profusion <

varietyasin the marketsofHavana."

Besides

my many

personal obligations to Professor Poey, I

am

^alt

indebted for

many

favors to Senor Leonel Plasencia, a naturalistco lectorin

Havana,

aformeri)upilofPoey,andaveryskillfultaxidermis

To two

ofthefish-dealersinthePescaderiaGrande,orwholesale

marke

Senores Jose Kodriguez

and

FqlipeGuadalupe, T

am

^also indebted f(

intelligent aid in the

work

of

making

collections,

A

^{full series,}including nearlyall thespecieshere mentioned, hasbee sentto the U. S. iSTational

Museum. The

rest ofthe collection isin tl

museum

ofthe IndianaUniversity. Duplicates fromthe

Key West

an

Havana

collections have alsobeen presented to the British

Museum.

Severalofthe

more

important generaof

Cuban

fishes,asEinnephelu Jlannulon, Galamus. J,ufJanns,'^Scarus, &c., have formed the subject ^<

special papers by myself

and my

associates or studentsin these Pri ceedingsorinthose of the

Academy

ofNaturalSciencesatPhiladelphi;

These groui^sare thereforebut briefly noticed here.

SCYLLID-5I.

1. Ginglyniostonia cirratumGmelin.

GAIiEORHINIDiB.

2. Galeuscanisilitclull. BocaIhdcc.

3. Carcharhinusfalciformis Bibron. Cazon.

4. Carcharhinusterrae-novaeEichardson.

{^.Squahis pnnctatusMitcliill,preoccupied. Carcliarias(ScoHodoii) lalandi Mii ler&,Heulc. ScoJiodon j^oro.sufiPoey.)

Specimens from

Havana

areexactly identicalwith others from

Ke

West, which belong unquestionably to C. terrw-novcv. ISg. lalandi i

without doubtthe same, thedifference in theform of the caudal bein doubtless, as Dr. (xiintherhas suggested,duetoage. Carcharhinusloi

gurio of the Pacificcoastis veryclosely allied to C. terrw-nova'^ but lis

anotably longer snout.

SPHYRNIDiE.

5. Sphynia tiburo Linn;cns.

{liciticejisliburoPoey.)

188G.]

PEOCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATER NATIONAL MUSEUM. o6 TRYGONIDiE.

6. UrolophustorpedinusDcsiuarcst.

7. Dasyatis sayiLeSueur.

ALBULIDJE3.

V 8. AlbulavulpesL. Macabi.

{Albiila conoi'liyiichusPocy.

)

ELOPIDiE.

9. Elops saurusL. Carajo lieale.

10. MegalopsatlanticiisCuv.

&

VaJ. Sabalo.

CLUPEIDiE.

11. Clupea pseudohispanicaPoey. Sardina de Espana.

12. Clupea sardina Poey. Sardina de Ley.

Ido uot believe^tliatthis speciesis identical with any of those de- scribed

hy

Cuvier

&

Valeiicienues.

Among

the species called Haren- gula, this one, as

Poey

has stated, iswell distingnished by the loose- nessofitsscales.

13. Clupea clupeola. Cuv.

&

^Val. Sardina Escamnda.

This species seems to be the Rarengula clvpeola C. ^«.S: V.

and

the Clupea liumeralis of Giinther.

Tbe

poorly-described Alausa .striata

C.

&

Y.

may

be the

same

fish, and I do notsee that it differs in anyre-

spectfromthedescriptions ofthe Eur(>pean Clupea ^latulus. Ilaremjula pensacoUc

Goode & Beau

is a diftVrent species, having- the

body

con- siderably deeper.

Very

similar to thelatteristheRarengulaImmcralls of C.

&

Y.

and

also Harengula Jaguana of Poey. Possibly huvieralis jaguana

and

pensacolce

may

^{proveidentical.}

^The

Clupea macrophthal

ma

of Ivanzani, asdescribed by Giinther, is diflereutfrom anyofthese

and

the Clupea viaculom of Ciiv.

&

Yal. seems tobe the

same

^as the ma- crophthalma.

14. Opisthouema oglinum Le ^Sueur. Macliuclo.

{Opistlionemusthrissa^Poey.)

ENGRAULIDIDiE.

15. Cetengraulis edentulus Cuvier. Bocon.

(CitciKjrauJis brevis Poey.)

There ^is no evident difference between G. hrevis and C. edentulus.

Our Cuban

specimens have been

compared

with anexauiple of thelat- terfroui RioJaneiro;

16. StolephorusbrowniGmeliu. Bocon.

Excessively

common.

17. Stolephoinis perfasciatus Poey.

Proc.^^ M. 80 3 ^' AliS-|i!*<t

31, 1886.

34 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

SYNODONTIDiE.

18. Synodus spixianusPoey. Lagnrto.

19. Synodus interniedius Agassiz.

20. Synodus

myops

Forster.

{Trachi}tocephalna hrcviroslrisPoey; probably based on anerror incopying<

perhaps on a mutilated example.)

CYPRINODONTID-ai.

21. Gambusia punctata Poey. Guajacon.

Very

abundantin the Eio Almendares.

MURiENIDiE.

22. Sidera ocellata Agassiz.

23. Sidera nioringa Cixvier. Moreiia Phitlta.

(fh/mnolhoraxrosfratiisA'^asHiz, Poey. Gi/mvothorajrpicturaiiisPoej. ?Gyt nolhoraxversipunctatns Poey.)

This

common

species is extremely variable in coloration. In som si)ecimens thedark markingsalmostentirelyobscure the groundcolo:

confining itto scattered reticulations, whilein others the pale greenis ground colorpredominates. Thereis alsoconsiderable variationin tL length of the head,

more

than

enough

to account forthe differences n<

ticed

by Poey

between hispiciuratus

and

rostratus. Thereis also coi siderable diflerence inthe size of the eye, itvarying from one-thirdt

cue-half the length of the snoutin specimensofsimilarsize.

24. Sidera vicina Casteluau.

One

specimen, agreeing very closely wi'JiDr.Giinther's descriptioi but not withany of Poey's.

Color yellowish-brown, densely, closely,and irregularly miirbled,an reticulated with dark

brown

or leather color, the surfacebeing aboi equallydividedbetween this

and

thelighter groundcolor. Head,fiu!

and

inside of

mouth

similarly marked.

Anal

with a conspicuous pal edge.

Angle

of

mouth

with a

brown

spot. 1:^0 dark spot around gil

opening.

Other characters essentially asdescribed

by

Dr. Giiiither. Head, 2 in trunk. Cleft of

mouth

2}^ in head. Eye,2 in snout.

Many

ofthe species of^tliis genus described

by Poey must

bemerel nominal, based on color variations, but none of them seems tocorn spond to this.

CONGRIDiE.

25. Conger conger L. Congrio.

{Congeresculent usPoey.)

ANGUILLID^.

26. AnguiJla anguilla rostnta Lc^{Sueur. Angiiila.}

(Murainicithaiui Poey.)

My

specimensagreei^recisely withothers from the United States.

1886.]

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 35 BELONIDiE

^*

27. Tylosuius hians Cnv.

&

^Val.

{Bdotte macuJata Poey.)

28. Tylosurus raphidonia Kauzuni. Jr/ujon.

(Bcloiiecrasstt and Ji.mcUinochiraPoey.) 29. Tyfcsurusnotatus Pooy. Afjujon.

30. Tylosurus euryops Bean

A

Dresel.

(?Belonedeprcusa, Poey.) Several specimens.

SCOMBERESOCIDiE.

31. Hemirhamphus pleei C'uv.

&

^{Val. Escrihano.}

{Hemirliamplins jUamcntosusPoey.)

32. Hemirhamphus unifasciatus Eanzaui. Escribano.

(Hemirhamphus2meyiPoey.

)

SYNGNATHIDiE.

33. Hippocampus punctulatus Guicheuot. CahalUto.

riSTULARIIDiE.

34. Fistularia tabaccaria L. Trompeta.

MUGILIDiE.t

35. Mugil lizaCnv.

&

^{Val. Lchrancho.}

{Mucjil IvbranchitsPoey.?MugilhrasilioisisAgassiz,not oflaterwriters.) 36. Mugil gaimardianusDesmarest.

37. MugilcuremaCuv.

&

Val. Liza.

{iJugilhrasilicusisPoey, uot of Agassiz,whichisprobahlyM. Uza.) 38. MugiltrichodonPoey.

39. Joturus pichardiPoey. Joturo.

(Joitirus KtipesJordan

&

Gilbert.)

A

large speciuien from ariverof the interior

was

obtainedfor

me

by Sefior Leonel Plaseucla.

Bead, 44iulength ; depth, 3f^. D. IV-1, ^I); A. Ill, 9. Scales,

42—

13 or1!. Length about 20inches.

Color dullolivaceous, without distinct markings, palerbelow.

1 have

compared

thissi)ecimen carefully with the description ofJo inntsstijH's Jordan

&

Gilbert given in these Proceedingsfor 1882, p.

373. 1 find DO ^difference at all whicli cannot be ^readily accounted

for

by

the greater sizeofthe individual

now

beforeme. I have there-

*An accountof theKpecicsofthisgroupwillbe given elsewhere.

tSeeJordan

&

^{Swain,Proc. U.} S. Nat. Mus.,1884, for an account ofthe species of Mugil.

36 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

fore no doubt that Joturuslafipes is .specifically identical with Joturui pichardi.

The

teeth appear on cursoryexamination to be,as statedby us, "coarse, bluntlycouiciU," but a lens showsthat,as

Poey

hasstated, they arebroad truncateincisors, with theirfreeedgesserrate.

ATHERINIDiE.

40. AtherinastipesMiiller<feTroscliel. Cabc:ota. •

(Athcrinalattccps Poey.)

Rather

common. Our

specimensagreeentirely with othersfrom

Key

West, whichare A. veliana

Goode &

Beau.

SPHYRiENIDiE.*

41. Sphyraena picudaBloch«fcSchneider. Ficuda.

42. SphyreenaguaguancheCuv.

&

Val. (iuafjuanche Felon.

43. Sphyraena picudilla Poey.

POLYNEMIDiE.

44. PolynemusvirginicusL. Barhudo.

{Trichidiou jiinmicriPoey.)

SCOMBRIDiE.

45. ScomberomorusregalisBloch Pintada.

Scomberofnorus maculatus Mitchill,also calledFintada,is occasionally sent over to the market from

Key

West.

46. ScomberomoruscavallaCuvier. Sierra Serrucho.

{CybiumcahallaPoey.)

47. AcanthocybiumsolandriCnv.

&

^{Val. Peto.}

{AcanthociiMumpettisPoey.)

CARANGIDiE.

48. Decapterus punctatusAgassiz.

49. TrachuropscrumenophthalmusBloch. Chicliarro, {TvdclutropsplumieriPoey.)

50. CaranxruberBloch. CibiManchobCarbonero.

{CaraiKjoidesiridiiuisPoey.)

51. Caranxbartholomaei Cnv.

&

^Val. CibiAmariUo.

{CaraiKjoides cibiPoey.) 52. CaranxchrysosMitchill. Cojinua.

53. CaranxsexfasciatusQuoy

&

Gaimard. Jurel.

{CaranxlatimandC. JejUiirnsAgassiz. CarangusfaUax Cuv.

&

Val.) 54. CaranxhipposLinn;ens. Jiguagiia.

55. CaranxlugubrisPoey. Tinosa.

*FornotesontheSpkijnKnidoi ofthiscollection seeapaper by ]*Jcck

&

Newlaud, inProc.Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1884.

188G.]

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 37

56. CaranxcrinitusMitchill. Pdmpano.

(Blcpharis crinitusandScyrisanalisPoey.) 57.

Vomer

setipinnis Mitchill. Jorobado.

In tliePioc. U. S.Nat. Miis., 1885, 19G,Messrs.

Goode &

^Uoaii a(loi)t fortius si)eciesthe

name

of Vomervomer,rogardinii'il ii.s\hoZeus comer ofLinua-'us,whichhasbeenhithertoconsideredasbelonyingto aspecies with falcatedorsal {Selene vomer).

We

may, tlierefore, inquire intothe liistory of the

name

Zeus vomer.

In the tentli edition of the

Systema

Naturie the

name

Zeus vomeris firstgiven,

and

itis based on the Rliomhoidaalepidota argentea, &c., of Sh)an,

and

the Ztvs cauda hifiircaof the

Maseum

Adolphi Frederici.

In tlie twelfth edition of the

Systema Natune

the description of Zeus vomer is

somewhat

lengthened,

and

thereference to

Brown

disa[)pears.

Itis evident that

we

should consider the tish described

by

Linnaeus himselfinhisaccount of the

museum

^of

^Adolphus

^Fredericasthe type of his species, rather than thefish of

Brown,

erroneously included in the sj'uonymy. It seemsalso that the lateromission of the reference to

Brown

showsthat Linnaeus

had become

awarethatBrown'sfish

was

notidentical withhisZeus vomer.

The

Uhomhoidaalepidota, &g., of

Brown

isapparently

Vomer

setipin- nis, while the Zeus cauda bifurca, the basisofZeus vomer,is evidently Selenevomer, as is

shown by

the very good figure

and by

the descrip- tion which I here quotein full

:

"

Zeus cauda

bifurca. Art. gen.50, syn. 28.

" Gallusmarinusf. Faberindicus. Will, app't. 7.

"Ahacatuaja. Margr. bras., 161.

" BrasileBristle Fin. Pet. gaz.,3, ^t. 59, ^{f. 3.}

" Habitatin Brasilia.

"Corpus

compressum and

fere

membranaceum

ut in Pleuronecte.

Color argenteus absque squamis, nitidissimus.

Humeri

valde gibbi.

Linealateralis valdesursum incurvatainmedio.

"

Caput maxime

declive,a

summis

humeris linea rectaad os. Meni- brana branchiostegaradiis6. Maxillainferiortransversaados. Pinna dorsianterior radiis_8,

quorum

1 brevis,2 longissimus, 3 and 4 connexi praecedentibus; 5, G, 7, 8 brevissimi non connexi. Posteriorradiis22,

quorum

1brevis spinosus, 2 longissimusmollis; 3, 4,5 minores, reliqui ad hue minores aequales. Pectorales radiis 18 moUibus, lauceolataj.

Ventralesradiis_4,longiores pectoralibus, apice nigricantes.

Ani

radiis 19,

quorum

1 spinosus brevis; 2, 3, 4 longiores, lanceolati. Pelicpii aequales. Cauda' radiis 20,valde bifurca. Spina ⁱⁿ medio abdominis ]n-ominet inter ])innas ventrales, pone

anum,

bidentata. Spina prima

in])iunaaniantrorsum prominetbasideuteaucta." (Linnaeus.

Museum

Adolph. Frederici, p. 67.)

Widelydistributed and

common

iis this fish is, it seems to have^re- ceivednobinomial

name

prior to that given

by

Mitchill.

38 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

58. Chloroscombruschry-surusLiniui'iiH. Casabe.

59. Trachynotiisihomboides ^Blocli. Palomcla.

(Traclniiiotu^i ovaliiaPocy.)

As

already statedby

Meek &

Gos-s,tlio TrachynotuscarolinvsofPoe

is tliespecies forwbicli tbese \vriters bave adoptedtbe

name

of Track, nottis rliodopns GilL

Tbe

true T. caroHnus bas not yet been fouDd i

Cuba.

60. Oligoplitessaurus,Bloch

&

^{Schneider. Znpafero.}

{OligoplifcsoccidentaUs Poey.)

CORYPHiENIDJB.

61. CoryphaenahipptirusL. Dorado.

PEMPHERIDiE.

62. Peinpheris schoniburgkiMuller

&

Tro.scliel. CalahifadaloAlto.

(remplieris vuiUeriPoey.)

Four

examples obtained. Tbe.se ajjfree well witb Poey's descjiptio of Pempheris muUeri and also fairly witb Steindacbiier's description ^<

PemjjJierisschomhurfjlH, botb oftbese accounts bein^' from

Cuban

spec mens.

Tbe

^original description of Pempherissehomhin-f/l-i is very bri*

and

inadequate, but ^as it agrees tolerably wellwitb tbe])resentspecie it seems necessary to regard it as identical witb it.

PempherU

^poe.

Bean

appears to be unquestionablydiliterent.

IninyCatalogueoftbeFisbesoftbePacificCoastoftbeUnitedState intbecurrentvolumeoftbese Proceedings, Ibaveinadvertently omitte Pempheritimexieanm,described fromAcapulco by Cuvier

&

Valencienne

An unnamed

species ofJ//t7'o.s'2>rt///of^?ow, obtained by ProfessorGilbei at

Panama,

^{.sbould also}bave been included.

HOLOCENTRIDiE.

63. Holoceiitrum ascensione^O.slx'ck, CaydjinJo.

(Holocoilnim malajufloPo(\V-)

Tliis species exbibits

mucb

variation in tbe deptb oftbe body

and

i

tbe prolongation oftbe softparts of tbe verticalfins.

None

oftbe ni

merousspeciesdescribedby

Poey

seem tobeidenticalwitbR.ascension but I doubt ifall are di.stiuct from eacli otber.

In lifetbis iisb is brigbt silvery red witb jtearly streaks above alon tberows of scales;

some

specimens

somewbat

^darker

and

tinged wit olive above.

Head

quite red above. Fins ligbt red,tbespinousdors!

largely goldenoli\e, it.s edge scarlet.

An

oblique wbite stripe acroi tbe cbeeks,disa])pearing in alcobol.

64. Myriopristis jacobus Cuv.

&

Val. Candil.

{Mjiriojjiistis lyckiiKSPoey.)

My ^numerous

specimensof tbis beautiful fi.sb agree fairly well wit the accounts of

M.

jacobus,

and

1 feel warrantedinregarding

M.

lychni

1886.]

TROCEEDINGS OP UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 3D

as ideutical with M. jacobus. Rhinoberyx cJiry.sem Co[)e, based on a

young

i\Ii/rio2)rif<tis, isprobably not different from

M

^jacobus.

Ill life,deepcrimson,palerbelow; adeepblood-red baracross opercle and base of pectoral, becoming black in spirits. Vertical tins blood- red, with whitish edge. Pectorals and veutrals pale red.

CENTROPOMID^.

65. CentropomusundecimalisLac. Rohulo.

{Centropomus appendiculatus Pocy.)

There seems to be no evidence that this species is not the original undecimalisofLacepede. According to Dr.Yaillaut,the specimensex- amined by Ciivier

&

Valencienneshavetheappendages tothe air-blad- der whichare characteristic ofthis species.

66. Centropomus pedimaculaFoey.

67. Centropomusensiferus Poey.

{Ce)itropomu.saffinisSteiudachner.)

Alliedto C. armafus Gill of the Pacific coast, but distinct from the latter.

SERRANIDiE.

^*

68. Serranus phoebePoey.

69. Serranustabacarius Cuv.

&

^{VaL Jaeome.}

{Halipercajaeome Poey.)

Colorinlifebrownish-red above, with areasof lightyellow onsidesof back; yellow below eye; sides bright orange-yellow; belly

and

lower parts of head red; lower finslightorange; caudalred,with two stripes ofdeep red; dorsalred-shaded, a

maroon

blotchoneach part extending

upward

from asimilar blotch onback; irisyellow.

70. SerranusformosusL. Serrtuio.

{DipUctnim nuUunii Poe^'.) 71. HypoplectrusindigoPoey. Vaca.

(IJijjmph'clriisindiyoiiwdboruiimPoey.)

In lifeeverywhere deep clearblue;

body

with abouteight cross-bars of sky-blueona groundcolor of intligo.

A

broad deep-blue

band

be- low the eye, with a paler areaon each side of it; tins nearly plain, the pectoral palest,tinged with yellowish.

The

H. bovinusof

Poey

is cer- tainly the adultof this species.

72. ParanthiasfurciferCuv.

&

Val. Ruhirnhiadclo Alio.

{nruchijrliiinisfiirciferPoey; thenameJirachyrhiiiunis preoccupied.) 73. MycteropercafalcataPoey. Abadejo.

74. MycteropercatigrisCuv.

&

Val. Bonaci Gaio.

{TrisotropiacumehiparddlisPoey; redvariety.) 75. MycteropercainterstitialisPoey.

"See Jordan

&

Swain, Proc. U. S.Nat. Mua.,1884, fornotes on Epinephelus and

alliedgeuora.

40 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

76. Mycteropercabonaci Poey. Agnaji Bonaci.

{Tr'isolropiti honaci, hrinineus,amiagiiajiPoey.)

Mt/cieroperca microlcpis(^oode

& Bean

{Agitqji)

was

also seen in

som numbers

inthe markets, but all the specimens had been sliipped froi

Key

West.

77. MycteropercaveneiiosaLinnanis. Bonacide Piedra.

(Triso'.roplnpifvosua Pooy.

)

78. Mycteroperca venenosa apua Blocli. Bonaci Cardenal.

{TriftolropiscardimilisPoey.)

In areview of the genus Epinephelns (Proc. U. S. Fat. Mus., 188^

389), Professor

Swain and

the writerhave adoptedthe

name

(qmafor speciesof I^phiephelus. E. catns C.

&

Y.

A

^careful recomparison of the accounts given by Bloch

&

Mar(

gravehaveconvinced

me

that the original Bodianusapua of Bloch ⁱ the red variety of Mycteroperca venenosa, as suggested

by

us on pag 391 of the paper cited.

The name

apua has therefore priority ovc JohniusguitatusBloch

&

Schneider, as a varietal

name

forthe Bona<

Garden^al.

The

Bodianus marginatus Bloch

&

Schneider, based on the Pira\

apia of Marcgrave, isalsothe

same

fish, without doubt.

For

the " Gahrilla,^^ called by us Epinephelus apua,

we must

eithe adopt the

name

guftatus L., for the reasons given

by Goode &

Beai orelse

we must

take the

name

catus C.

&

V., which seems to be th earliest tenable specific

name

ever given to the species.

The nam

Lutjanus lunulatus of Bloch

&

Schneider is not available,because it i

preoccupied by the

same

authors higher

up

on the

same

page.

79. PromicropsitaiaraLichtenstein. Guasa.

{PromicropsguasaPoey.)

80. EpinephelusmorioCuv.

&

Val. CliernaAmericana; Chernade Vivero.

Most

of tlieindividuals of this species

come

^intothe

Cuban marke

from

Key West;

hencethe

common names

heard in the markets.

81. Epinephehis mystacinusPoey. ChernodeloAlto.

82. Epinephelussti"iatiisBloch. Cherna CrioUa.

83. EpinephelusascensiouisOsbeck. Cahra Mora.

{Epinephelus punciatus Poey.)

84. Epinepheluscatus Cuv.

&

Val. Cabrilla.

{EpincpheJuK JnnnlatusPoey.)

The

reasonsfordiscarding the specific

names

apua

and

lunulatusfo this specieshave been given above.

85. Alphestesafer Bloch. Guaseia.

{FrospinuschJoroplerusPoey.)

86. EnneaceutrusguttatusLinuieus. Enjambro iPetroiuctopon ajnariusPoey.)

1880.]

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 41

87. Enneacentrus guttatuscoronatiisCiiv.

&

^{Vul. Knjamlro.}

(I'etromctojwn ijutlatu^iPoey.)

88. (aj. Enneacentrusfulvus^LiniKiMis. (litatircre Antarilla.

(Enneacentrus punctuhitim Poey.

)

88 (b). EnneacentrusfulvusruberBlocli

&

Schuoider. (Inatirere Colorada.

88 (c). Enneacentrusfulvus punctatusL. Gnalivere.

These threeformsdiffer strikingly incolor

and

color only.

Of

these theyellow form is least

common,

perhaps inhabitingdeepcs"^ water.

89. DermatolepisinermisCiiv.

&

Val.

RHYPTICIDiB.

90. Rhypticus sapouaceusI^locli

&

Scluicider. Jaboncillo.

PRIACANTHIDiE.

91. Priacanthuscataluia Poey. Catalufa.

(ri-iacanthus macrophthaJmusC. »feV. ; not Anthias macropltthahnus Bloch.)

SPARID^.*

92. LutjanuscaxisBlocli

&

^{Schneider. Caji.}

93. Lutjanusjocii Blocli

&

^{Schneider. Jocii.}

94. LutjanusgriseusL. Caballerote. ^• (LutjanuscahaJlerofePoey.)

95. Lutjanuscubera Poey. Cubera.

(? Genyorof/ecanina Steindachner.) 96. LutjanusprofundusPoey. Fargode loAlio.

97. Lutjanusbuccanella Cuv.

&

^{Val. SesideloAlto.}

98. Lutjanus synagris^Ij. PAajailm.

99. Lutjanus niahogani Cuv. ^«fcVal. Ojanco.

(LutjanusOjanco Poey.)

100. LutjanusayaBlocli. Pargo Guachlnango.

(Bodianus aya Blocli. Menoprion vivanus C. &.V. Mesoprion carnpechianua Poey. LutjanusblackfordiGoode

&

Bean.)

Among

the

known

species of Lutjanus, the only one which could be the Bodianusaya ofBlochis the present one,

and

except in the matter of theform of the anal, a detail towhich Bloch'sartist was not likely to

havegiven close attention, the figure of Bloch represents very fairly the L. vivanus.

The

Lutjanus aya of G.

&

V., which is L. profundus Poey, cannot beayaofBloch, as the iris is conspicuously bright yel-

lowin L.profundus, whileiu theayaitis said tobered.

*See .Jordan

&

Swain, Proc.U. S. Nat. Mns., 1884, for notes ou Hepmulon and on thespecie.sof/.KZ/flnywandalliedgenera. Alhointhe wanicvolume of the Proceed- ingsseea review ofCalamus by Jordan

A

GiUnTt.

42 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

101. Lutjanusanalis C.

&

V. Pargo crioUo.

102. Ocyuruschiysurus ^Bloch. liabiruhia.

103. RhoiiiboplitesaurorubeiisC. <Sc V. Cagon.

{L'lioiiiboplilr.stJcgansPoey.)

104. Tropidinius deatatusGiiiclifiiot. ArniUo.

iTropidiniits arnilloPocy.)

105. Aprionmacropthalmus

M

tiller

&

Troschel. Voraz.

(Platj/iuiits voraxPo^y.)

106. Btelisoculatus Cav.

&

V;il. Cacliucho.

107. VerilussordidusPocy. Escolar Chino

A

single specimen from deep water, i)i'<)(!iii('d for

me

by

my

friend Seuor Leonel Plasencia.

108 Orthopristis clirysopterusL.

{Orthopristis f'uh-omaculatusPoey. OrthopristispoeyiScudder.) 109. Anisotremusvirginicus!>. Catdlivefa.

{Anisotreiniis virginicusand./.spteuiatusPoey.) 110. Haemulon gibbosuni Walbmiui. JaUao.

(Ilwrnuloii aUnnn Poey.)

.111 HaemuloiiacutumPoey. lionco bianco.

[Hainidon acidum, albidiim,and serrationPoey.) 112. HaemuloncarbonariumPoey. Bonco Carionero.

113. Haemulon melanurumL. Jentguana.

(Uo'miilon dorsalcPoey.)

114. HaemulonsciurusShaw. 1,'oiicoAmariUo.

(Hainuloii liiteum andIfaninlon miiltiJiniatiimPoey;thelatteracolor variety.) 115. HaemulonplumieriLafi^pedo. Roncolionco.

(Ila'nnilonararaPoey

)

116. HaemulonflavolineatumDesuiaiest. Bonco Condenado.

117. HaemulontaeniatumPoey.

118. Haemulon aurolineatumCiiv.

&

Val. Jeniguano.

(HfemulonJenigiiano Poey.

)

119. Calamus bajonadoBloch

&

Schneider. Bajonado.

120. Calamuscalamus Cnv.

&

Val.

{CalamusorhituriusPoey.)

121. Calamusproridens Jordan

&

Gilbert. PesdePhma.

{Calannts vtegacephatusPoey, in part, notofSwainson.) 122. DiplodusflavolineatusCnvier

&

Valenciennes.

Very

close tothenextspeciesand aboutequally

common. The

speci-

mens

from

Key West

formerly referred by

me

to i). unimaculatus all belong toD.Jlavol'meatus.

1886.]

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 43

123. Diplodus unimaculatus^Blocli. Sahma.

{Sargus caribwus Poey.)

A ^more

^elongatefish tban the preceding, thedepth2^inbody, instead of 2. Diplodus probatocephalus {Sargo Raiado) is occasionallybrought into the

Havana

market from

Key

West. Itdoes notseem to occur about the coastof Cuba.

APOGONIDiE.

124. ApogonpigmentarlusPocy.

Several specimens. Bright carmine-red, profusely

and

irregularly covered with small black <lots like lly-specks.

MULLID^.

125. UpeneusmartiniciisOuv.

&

Val. Salmonctc Amarilla.

{AliiUoidesflavointtattisPoey.

)

126. Upeiieusmaculatus^{Blocli. SalmoneieColorado.}

SCIiENIDiE.

127. EqueapunctatusBlocli. Vaqmta.

128. Larimus batabanusPoey.

The

remarkable species,

named by

Poey,Jo/mims batahamis, seemsto

me

^{related ratherto}

^Larimus

^{than to}

^any

other of the currentgroups of Scicvnidcv. It is one

more

of those troublesome intermediate forms whichhave

come

intoprevent asatisfactorysubdivisionofthe Seicenidw.

T give here adetailed description.

Head,3}in length _(3fwith caudal); depth,SJ^ (4)^; D. XI,27;A. II, 7. Scales"7-50-9 or10.

Body

oblong, rather stronglycompressed,thedepth aboutequal from thefront of dorsal tooppositethe anal, whereit is abruptly contracted tothe rathershort,compressedcaudal peduncle. Anterior])rofllenearly straight from above tip of snout to front of dorsal, the snout gently decurved.

Head

rather small, compressed, not evidently cavernous or spongy.

Cheeksvertical; interorbital width about equal to length of snout,a

trifle

more

than diameterof eye,about4in head.

Mouth

rather large, terminal, oblique, but

much

less sothan in Larimus breviceps, thepre- maxillary infronton the level of thelower part of pupil, the maxillary extendingtobelow middleof eye.

Gape2iin

lengthofhead. Preorbital narrow,notwider than pupil.

Lower

jawslightly included. Teethslen- der, of moderate size, those of lower

jaw

mostly in a single series

;

thoseof upper

jaw

in anarrow

band

; those in the outer series some-

what

enlarged

and

unequal^:

some

on each sideof the symphysislonger than therest,but^stillsmall.

Symphysis

slightly raised. Chinwithfour distinct pores, the outer pair largest.

PreopercleeuMre, the skin ouitsedgescarcely denticulate.

44 PISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

Gill-rakers slender, ofmoderatelength, about 12on lower half ofan- teriorarch,the longest a little

more

than ^half diameterof pupil.

Scales ctenoid, irregular in size, those on lower part of sides an- teriorly

and

on belly large; scales onbreast large; scalesabovelateral line considerablyreducedin size, especially anteriorly. Scales onoper- clelarge; scales on cheeks small; on topof head very small.

Soft parts of dorsal, anal,

and

caudal nearly covered with rows of small scales.

Lateral line not stronglycurved,

becoming

straightabove anal.

Dorsal spines very slender, the longest about half length of head.

Soft rays of dorsal about one-third length of head. Caudal rounded, a little

more

than halflengthofhead.

Anal

fin small, thesecond spine moderate, 2| ⁱⁿ head. Lastray of anal alittlebeforelastrayof dorsal, the

abdomen

being verylong, itslengthfromventralstoanal one-fourth

more

than length of head. Ventrals short. If in head; pectorals, 1§.

Color

dusky

silvery, brighter below,grayish above,each scalewith a narrow, sharply-defined blackish longitudinalmark,theseforming

more

orless continuous stieaks along the rowsof scales, broadest on those parts of the body where the scales are largest. Those below lateral line, 7 or8in number, gentlyundulated; those above lateral line.very irregular, extending

backward and upward

with sharp angles.

Some

darkspotsbehindeye. Finsalldusky,the verticalfinswithdarkj)oints.

A

^singlespecimen, procured for

me

by Seiior Leouel Plasencia.

129. Odontoscion dentexCuv.

&

^{V;il. Corvina.}

130. Sciaenai'onchus Cuv.

&

Val. Corvina. ;

131. Micropogonfouniieri Desmarest. Ferrugato. ^•.

{Micvopoijon utuhilatusPoey,not of Linuseus.)

132.

Genes

pliimieri Cuv. &,Val. Patao.

133. Gerresbrasilianus Cnv.

&

^{Val. Patao.}

{GcrrcslirasHianiis and ^?.j)a/rto Poey.) 134. Gerresolisthostoma Goode

&

^{Bean. Molmrra.}

135. GerresrhombeusCtiv. A: Val. Moharra.

Both this species

and

the])rec('dingare

common

in the

Havana

mar- kets.

The

distinctions between them were overlooked

by

Poey, as the external resemblance of the

two

species is strong.

136. Gerres cinereusWalbinini. MoJianade Casta.

(Eticiiwutoinuszebra Poey.)

137. Gerres gula Cuv.

&

Val. Moharra deLey.

{EuciuostomusgiiluJa Poey.)

*For an account of tliospeciesof (ierrida-collected bymeiuHavana, seeapaper byEvermaun

&

^Meekiu the currentvolumeofthe Proc. Ac. Nat.Sci., Phila.

1886.]

PKOCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSBUM. 45

138. Genesgracilis(iill. Moluirra do Ley.

Tbis .species, ai)])iiieiitly coiTesi)oii(ling to Poey's No. 724,

was

not

clefiily (listiii^iiisliedbyliiui from E.pseudogula^ althoughperhai)s

more common

than tlio hitter.

139. Gerresdowi ^(Jill.

Loss

common.

140. GenespseudogulaPooy. Moharrade Ley.

{dcircsjoiH'siGiinlhei'.)

Not

rare.

141. GeneslefroylGoorte.

{JJudii(>''loiit,us2)rodiwtu8 Poey.)

LABRIDiE.*

142. LachnolsemusmaximusWalbaum. Perro-perro.

143. Bodiaausrufus L. Perro Colorado.

Considered by the fishermen as ahybrid between Lachnolwnms

and

Scarus. ("Engente del Perro y delaVieja.") 144. Clepticus genizara Cuvier. liabiruhiaGenizara.

145. Platyglossns radiatus L. UonceJla.

(ClKcrojiiUscijiinosiigmaPoey.)

Tills is the Julis crotapkusof Cuvier,

Eegne

Animal, based on the

Don

cella of Parra.

The

Julis crotaphus of Cuv.

&

Val.seems to be Platyglosms caudaUsPoey.

146. Platyglossns dimidiatus Agassiz.

(ClitcrojuJis inta-iiasalisPoey.) 147. Platyglossus garnoti Cuv.

&

^Val.

(JkUh ductusandritptusPoey.) 148. Platyglossusbivittatus Bloch.

(Chai-ojultsbiviifatus, humeralis, andarangoiPoey.)

My Cuban

specimensare all

much

palerthanany obtainedinFlorida, but are otherwise entirely similar.

The

changesincolorduetoageare iu this speciesvery great.

Young

specimensfrom Floridacorrespond to ChceroJuUs arangoi Poey.

149. Cryptotomiis beryllinus Jordan

&

Swain.

150. CryptotomusdentiensPoey.

Calliodou denliensPoey. Meniorias deCuba,II, 18G1,422 (Havana). Synop-

sis,18G8,344. Enumeratio,1875, 115.

?CaUiodonretractusPoey. Synopsis,1868,345(Havana)Poey. Enumeratio, 1875, IIG.

A

^single specimen of tbis species was obtained in

Havana.

It

was

overlooked atthe time of thepublication of our

Eeview

oftheScaroid

*For an aeeonntof llic Cnbnii speciesof 5car«s,-SiXTn'-sonm, and Cryptotomus,scq Jordan

&

Swain,Pioc.U.S.Nat.Mus., 1884.

46 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

Fisbes. ^I therefore give here the fall

synonymy

and a description of the species

:

Head, 3 in length (3^ with caudal)^; depth, 3 (3^). Length of speci-

men

described, 8 inches.

Body

less elongate than in C. hcryllinus,

more

compressed, theback

more

elevated.

Jaws

pale, the median suturein each

more

evidentthan in C. beryl- limis; upper

jaw

laterally,with a continuous cuttingedge ofcoalesced teeth,as in G. herylHnus; this edge iseven for

most

of itslength, but has anteriorly one ortwo small denticles

and

posteriorly three orfour.

In front are on each side

two

strong canines, directed forward

and somewhat

outward,

and

diverging. These are very

much

largerthan theanterior teeth in (J. herylUnns

and

quite differentin form anddirec- tion.

A

^strongposteriorcanine tooth directedoutward

and backward

near the angle of the mouth. This canine is welldeveloped on butone side iu thespecimen examined.

Lower jaw

with its teeth larger,lessregular,

and

lessclosely setthan

in C. hcryllinus;

some

of those in front

and

those towardthe angle of the

mouth

larger than the others; those in front iu two irregularly alternating series

and

directed strongly forward. These largestteeth haveeach acentral

brown

si>ot.

Jaws

snbequal. Upj)er lip double for its entire length. Lii)s

and

istlimus as in C. heryllimis.

Eye

moderate, in head, thehead deeper

and

the profileconsidera- bly steeper than in

C

^{heryUinus. This is associated with} the greater depth^of the ])rcorbital, the distancefrom the eyetothe angle of the

mouth

beiug _2| in the length of the head, while in G. hcryllinus the

same

distance is contained 3| ^times.

Mouth

lowerthanin C.heryUinus^

the maxillary reaching Init

halfway

to front ofeye.

Structure

and numbers

^of scah's, fin-rays, &c., exactly asin G. heryl- Hnus. Caudal truncate rather than rounded, the length of the outer rays llf in head.

Color in S])irits olive-green, greener than in G. heryUinus,each scale of back

and

sideswith a

brown

central blotch; these blotcheslesscon- spicuous than in G. hcryllinus.

Head

nearly ])laiu brownish-olive.

Lower jaw

plain brown,with indistinctdarker obliquestreaks. Vertical fins greenish, blotched with brown,the iiiem1>raneof the first

and

sec-

ond dorsal spines blackish. Pectorals pale, theupperrays

somewhat

dusky.

Accordingto

Poey

[denticns) thecolors in life are as follows:

"Body

bluish rather than greenish, white below; dorsal and analwine-color^

withdashes ofdeeper hue; caudalwine-color,with bluishverticalbars;

pectoral greenish; ventrals i)alc."

This is, I think, the s[)ccies described by

Poey

under the

name

of Galliodon deiitieiis, although Poey's description of the teeth does not fullyagree with the

example

before me. As,however,iu thisspecimen

1886.]

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 47

there is considerabledifference in the dentition of thetwo sides of the jaw, itis probable that the number, size,

and

direction of the canine

teethis variable.

The

description of CaUiodon retract

m,

^{I'oey is} very scanty and con- tains nothing whatever which is tangible. It probably rcfci's to the samespecies.

The

CaUiodon auropunctatus of Cuv.

&

Val. seems to bo a different species,

more

nearlyallied to C.hcryUmus, from which it wonldapi»car tobedistinguished by the presence ofa posterior canine.

The

specimen from

San Domingo

mentioned by ^Cnvier

&

Valenci- ennesas destitute of canines, probably belongsto C. berydimis, or per- haps to

C

^{roseus, Cope.}

151. Sparisoma xystrodon Jordaa

&

^Swain.

152. SparisomaabildgaardiBlocli. Vicja.

(Scarusahildgaardi andS.oxyhrachius Poey.) 153. Sparisoma aurofrenatum Cuv.

&

Val.

(ScarusmhtiofreitatiisPoey.) 154. Sparisomalorito Jordan

&

Swain.

155. Sparisomachrysoptemm Bloch

&

Schneider.

(ScaniHlateralisPoey.)

156. Sparisoma frondosum Cuv.

&

Val.

(ScarushrachialisPoej\)

157. Sparisoma flavescens Bloch

&

^{Schneider. Fieja.}

(ScarussijualidnsPoej'.) 158. ScarustaeniopterusDesniarest.

(Scarusj)unc1ida1us C.

&

V. Pseudoscarus diadema Poey.)

The

descriptions of Desmarest's typeof

Scams

tcmioptcrns, as given by Valenciennes,

and by

Guichenot, agree fairly with Scarus pnnctu- latnsexcept in regard to themarkings of thehead and in the colora- tion of the fins.

The

markings on thehead

grow

faint in specimens longi)reserved in alcohol,

and

they areperhaps less distinct in adult exam])les than in the young.

The

changes due tothe alcohol

may

also account for the markingson the fins being

brown

in ioeniopterus, while in ininctidatus they arebright green, even in alcoholic specimens.

It is probablysafe to adopt the

name

twniopterKs in jdace of theless ch'Anicteristicputictulatus, under which

name

it isdescjribed by J(irdan

&

Swain. Scarus diadema C.

&

V.

may

be the

same

species, but this

islesscertain.

159. Scarus virginalis Jordan »& Swain. F.oro.

(Pseudoscarus psittacusPoey; not of LiniiicnsnorofForskfil.) 160. Scaruscroicensis Bloch. Pallon.

(PscudoHrnritssanctivcrucisiiud Fs, IhicQlatus Poey.)

48 FISHES OF HAVANA,

CUBA.

161. Scarus ccsruleus Blocb. Lovo.

{Pseiidoscanisca-ntleiis, ohtusiis,andyiuchalisPoey.) 162. Scarus guacamaia ^Ciivier. Oitacamaia.

CICHLIDiE.

163. Astronotus tetracanthus Cuv.

&

Val. Viajaca.

(Acarafiii^comaculataPoey.)

If Steiudacliner ^is correctinuniting the groops calledHcros, Acara, Uaru, Hygrogonns, «&;c.,in one genus, the earliest

name

for tbe group

isAstronotus Swainsou ^{z=Hygrogonus Gthr.). If thegroups be^sepa- rated, the

name

G'wlilasoma should beretainedfor the present species

and

its Brazilian allies.

EPHIPPIDiE.

164. Chaetodipterus faber Bronssonet.

CHiETODONTID^.

165. ChaetodoncapistratusL. I'a)-che. Isahelita.

166. Chaetodonocellatus Bloch. Farcheo Isahelita deloAlto.

{Saroth7'odiisbimacidatusPoey.)

167. Holacanthustricolor Bloch. Vaqiietade das Colores.

168. Pomacanthiis aureusBloch. Cfiiririta.

ACANTHURIDiE.

169. AcanthuruscceruleusBlock. Barhero.

(Acanthurus carHlens,Acauthnrus ireris,andAcrotiurus cwriileaiusPoey.) 170. AcanthurustractusPoey.

CAcronurtis nUjriculusPoey.) 171. Acanthurus hepatusL. Barhero.

(Acantlitirtt^i cliirurgiis, JcanthKrusjyhlchotomus,andAcronitrus carnensPoey.)

A young

specimen referable to Acronurtis carneus I regard as Avith- outdoubt a larval form ofAcanihnnishejyatus.

For

the

synonymy

of these species

and

noteson the material collected

by

me, seeapaper

by

Meek &

Hoffman, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1884.

The

changeof the

name

of thisgenus from Acanthurus to TcutMs, as

made by

Gill and

by Meek

seems unnecessary.

The name

Teuthis

was

basedby Linn;uusou

T. hepatus

and

T.javus. Its firstrestriction

was

to thelatter species, arepresentativeofthe TeuthisofGiinther, the Siganus of ForskSl.

MALACANTHIDiE.

172. Malacanthuspiumieri Bloch. Carnjuelo Blanco.

GOBIIDiE.

173. GobiomorusdormitatorLac<Spede. Guavina.

174. Guavina guavinaCuv.

&

^{Val. Guai'ina.}