PROCEEDINGS

PROCEEDINGS

OFTHE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

DESCRIPTIONS OF PROPOSED NEW BIRDS FROM

PERU, BOLIVIA, BRAZIL, AND COLOMBIA.' BY FRANK M. CHAPMAN.

Continued study

² of

the

birds collected

by the Yale Univer-

sity-National

Geographic Expedition

^to

the Urubamba

_region

ofPeru,

and,

incidentally, ^of

other

collections received

by

^the

American Museum from South America, has

^{led to}

the

conclu- sions

presented

ⁱⁿ

the

following pages.

The

color

terms em- ployed

^{are those of}

Ridgway's "Color Standards and Color No- menclature" (Washington,

^1912).

I

acknowledge,

gratefully, the

loan

of

specimens

^for

compari- son from the Museum

of

Comparative Zoology, through

^the

courtesy

^of

Mr. Outram Bangs.

Micropus peruvianus,

new

species.

Specific characters.

—

_{Resembling Micropus} andecolus (Lafr.

&

d'Orb.), but tail shorter, ^less deeply forked, white areas ^of the plumage without buffytints,forehead darker, basalundertail-covertswith

much

less white.

Type.

—

No. _145,007,

Am. Mus

Nat. _Hist., 9 ad., Ollantaytambo, ^alt.

9700ft., Peru, July22, 1916; F.

M. Chapman.

Descriptionof type.

—

Generalcoloration_fuscous, thewings and^tailwith olivaceous reflections; sides of the nape ^white

more

or less tinged with dusky; ^auriculars dusky;

rump

white; upper tail-coverts like the back;

outertail-featherslacking the greenish^lustreofthe othersandpaler basally^; inner secondaries _palerthan outer _quillsand _faintlytipped with whitish;

under wing-coverts dusky, the smaller ones browner; under parts white, the sides andflanks

more

orless dusky;longer lower tail-coverts fuscous, shorter ones whitebasally,broadly tipped with duskyor fuscous;depth^of tail-furcation 12.5

mm.

lSeealso "Descriptionsof Proposed NewBirdsfrom Peru, Bolivia, Argentina,and Chile." Bull.Am.Mus. Nat.Hist.,XLI, 1919, pp.323-333.

2Published by permission^oftheTrusteesoftheAmericanMuseumofNatural_History.

54—

Pkoc.Biol. Soc.Wash., Vol.32,1919. (253)

Proceedings

of the Biological Society of

Washington.

Descriptionofmale.

— The

maleresembles the femalein color

and

insize.

Specimens^examined.

—

_Micropusperuvianus. Peru:

Type

locality, ¹d\

1 ?^;

Huaracondo

_Canon,10,000ft., 1 c?, 1?;Torontoy, 8000^ft.,2 9^. Micropus ^{andecolus. Bolivia:} Parotani, 8800 ft., Prov.

Cochabamba,

2 cf;Vinto, 8600_ft.,Prov.

Cochabamba,

^{2 c?.} Argentina: Tilcara,8000

ft.,Prov. Jujuy,¹ cj;

Angaco

Sud,2000ft.,Prov.San_Juan,2

d\

¹ 9;

Men-

doza,^1.

Fig. 1.

—

TailofMicropusperuvianus. Fig.2.- (Both naturalsize.)

-TailofMicropus^andecolus.

Remarks.

— The

type-locality¹ of Cypselus andecolus ^is the

Andes

of

La

Paz,^{Bolivia. I}haveno specimens from

La

Paz,butfaunal considerations lead

me

to believethat fourspecimens from^the

Andes

at

Cochabamba may

be_acceptedas typicallyrepresentingthis bird.

That

thedescribersdidnot mention _{the buffy} tint which characterizes our Bolivian and _Argentine specimens^isnotsurprising since^itmight^wellbe consideredasadventitious.

Whiletheir figure ofthe_speciesdoesnottherefore

show

_{a buffy}tintonthe white_areas,itdoes

show

a

more

deeply forked^tailthanisexhibited

by

any ofour Peruvian_birds,

and

this in spite ofthefactthatit is

somewhat

smaller thannaturalsize.

Although the characters separating the Peruvian

and

Bolivian birds

seem

to

me

tobeof specific value,the birds neverthelessareobviouslyrep- resentative forms,

and

it is not _{probable, therefore,} thatboth would be found^atthe

same

_locality. Ifthisbetrue,therecan belittledoubtofthe essentialidentity^ofthe

La

Paz

and Cochabamba

birds.

The

latteragree minutely with specimens fromArgentina,

and

if

my

^beliefthat

Cochabamba

specimensare typical ofandecolusiscorrect,^itofcoursefollowsthat^"

Apus

andecolus dinellii" of Hartert, from Jujuy and Mendoza, Argentina, ^is a pure

synonym

^{ofandecolus(Lafr.}

&

d'Orb.). Hartert writes(Bull.B.O.

C, XXIII,

1908,p. 43):

"The

measurements of this species [=di7iellii] are the

same

as inA.a.andecolus,"

indicating that the^birdswhich he^identified asandecolus arenot the

same

asthe birdfrom Peru whichIheredescribe.

iThetypeisnotintheMuseumofComparative Zoology^atCambridge.

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil,

Colombia. 255 The

appended measurements

show

the constancy ^{of the} differences in length and depth ^{of furcation of thetail inthe} twoforms, characterson which,chiefly, ¹base

my

^beliefof their specific distinctness.

Measurements.

Place.

(Mlantaytainbo,Peru Huaracondo Cation,Peru Vinto, Prov. Coch., Bol_U

It It

Parotani_a ^{" "}

!~1~Z~"

it it

Ansa

_itco Sud, Prov._a

San

_aJuan,

Arg

_it Mendoza, Argentina

Torontoy, Peru_{a it} Ollantaytambo, Peru

Angaco

Sud, Prov.San_{Juan, Arg.}

Sex.

Proceedings

of the Biological Society of

Washington.

Grallaria ruficapilla ^albiloris. Peru: Levanto (nearChaehapoyas), ¹

(J¹;Tabaconas(near

Huancabamba),

¹ $^.

Grallaria ruficapilla ruficapilla. Ecuador: Zaruma, Prov. Loja, ¹ 9 ',

"

Ambato,"

1;Gualea, ^{1 cJ1,1}?;Colombia: 16specimens^ofbothsexes.

Measurements.

Culmen.

24-25 23 24 24 23 Grallaria watkinsi¹

—

Grallariaruficapilla albiloris^2...

Grallaria watkinsi³

Grallariaruficapilla albiloris^{4 ..}

Grallariaruficapilla ruficapilla⁶

Wing.

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil, Grallaricula boliviana,

new

species.

Specific characters.

— Most

nearly resembling Grallaricula costaricensis, butnotclosely related toany

known

species. Throatochraceous streaked with _black, a white breast-patch; lower breast ochraceous, the feathers sharply margined with black, giving a scaled appearance,

much

as in Preninoplex guttata.

Type.—

^No. 137,177,

Am. Mus.

Nat. Hist., c? ad., Incachaca, 7700_ft., Prov.

Cochabamba,

Bolivia,

May

16, 1915; Miller

&

_Boyle.

Description of type.

— Upper

parts between brownish olive

and

_light brownish_olive,thecrown with darkercenters, sides ofthe forehead basally ochraceous;^lores

and

anarroweye-ring ochraceous, minutelytippedwith black; tail fuscous, the outer feathers externally margined ^{with olive-} brown; wings fuscous, externally margined with olive-brown, the inner margins ^{of all} but the outer quills ochraceous-buff; under wing-coverts,

bend

ofthewing

and

outermargin^{of alula}deeper; ear-coverts tingedwith cinnamon-brown;throat ochraceous,looselystreakedwith_{black; a}narrow white breast-patch; abroadochraceous

band

across thelower_breast, the feathers sharply bordered with _black; flanks

more

olivaceous, with

some

buffy feathers obscurely margined with blackish; centerof the

abdomen

white; ^tibiae brownish _olive; lower tail-covertsbuffy; ^feet dark brown;

maxillabrownishblack;mandible_yellowish.

Wing

60;^tail28;tarsus21;

culmen 12.5

mm.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Grallaricula bolwiana, the type. Grallaricula costaricensis, Costa_Rica, 1;Veragua, ^1.

Remarks.

— The

_discoveryof thisvery distinct speciesintroduces a

new

type^{ofcolorationintothe}genusGrallaricula,andextends the

known

_range

of the genus from

Ecuador

to Bolivia, a distance of approximately 1000 miles. Doubtlessthis gap^{will in} time be filled

by

the discovery ^of one or

more

_{species of}theseelusivelittlebirdsinPeru.

Synallaxis stictothorax piurae,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

Similar to Syyiallaxis stictothorax stictothorax Scl., but back

more

_{rufescent; wings}

more

_widely margined with bright cinnamon-rufous, ^thiscolor occupying^{all the}outer

web

ofthe inner pri- mariesand both

webs

of the secondaries basally; ^tailalmost wholly^cin- namon-rufous, the blackish_area,which _occupies ^allthe inner

web

ofthe fourcentral rectricesin stictothorax,reducedtoa_small,faint,terminal patch.

Type.

—

No. 163,085,

Am. Mus.

Nat. Hist., 9, Chilaco, near

Samate

on theRioChira, Prov.Piura, Peru,

May

^{27, 1919.}

Specimens ^examined.

—

Synallaxis stictothorax piurae. Peru:

Type

locality, ¹

d\

³

9,1?;

^{Samate, Prov. Piura, 1 ?.}

Synallaxisstictothorax stictothorax. Ecuador: Bahia de Caraque,^Prov.

Manavi,5;Guayaquil,4 (topotypes)^;Daule,^1;

Puna

Island, 6;Machala,^1.

Remarks.

— Some

specimens of stictothorax stictothorax have the secon- dariesbasallyrufous, butthischaracterisapparently never^sohighly de- veloped^{as in}piurae.inwhich_{the wing,}

when

closed,appears ^tobealmost

Proceedings

of Biological Society of

Washington.

wholly ^rufous.

The

characters

shown by

^{the tail are} pronounced

and

constant, ^all oursixteenspecimens of stictothoraxhaving the innervanes ofthe four central feathers black or_blackish, a

mark

which has almost disappearedⁱⁿour specimensof piuroe.

The Machala

_specimenisclearly referableto stictothorax

and

brings the

known

_rangeof thisform almostto the Peruvian boundary. ^{It is} probable ^{that the areas}occupied

by

^the

two

races are divided

by

^{theCerro de}

Amotape.

Phacellodomus striaticeps griseipectus,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

Throat

and

breast grayish vinaceous-buff, ^in- stead ofbeingessentiallypurewhite;^flanks

and

abdominal region

much

deeper, theformer_nearly ochraceous-tawny;ear-coverts

and

sides ofthe neck _grayer, less cinnamon-rufous; upper parts averaging ^darker, with

less cinnamon-rufous, especially anteriorly.

Type.—

^{No. 145,210,}

Am. Mus.

Nat._Hist., d" ad., July 2, 1916; Tica- Tica, 11,500^ft.,near Cuzco, Peru. F.

M. Chapman.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Phacellodomus striaticeps griseipectus. Peru:

Type

locality, 5;

La

_Raya, 1; Calca, 2; Cuzco, 5; Anta, 1;

Huaracondo

Canon, ^1.

Phacellodomus striaticeps striaticeps. Bolivia: Cuchacancha, ^11,000

ft.,7;Parotani,8800_ft.,4;Vinto, 8600ft., 3. Argentina: Tilcara,8000

ft.,Prov. Jujuy,^2;Tafi_{del Valle,}7000ft.,Prov.

Tucuman,

^3.

Remarks.

— Our

excellent series ofPhacellodomusstriaticeps shows that the characters

on

whichthisproposed

new

raceisfounded areboth_pro- nounced

and

constant.

The marked

differentiation in the color of the underparts^is evidentlynotduetotheearthy^stainwhichoftenisfound

upon

the feathers of these

and

other ground-inhabiting species of this family. Earth-stained birds are found in the series of both _forms,

and

itspresenceⁱⁿno

way

obscures thereal characters

by

which they

may

^be

distinguished.

Hylocryptus,

new

genus.

Genericcharacters.

— A

typically furnariinebird; thedifference in length between the inner

and

outer toes less than the difference between the latter

and

the middle _{toe; the} nostril-entrance _oval, non-opercu- late; apparently

most

_nearly re-

V^v"^ -^^"""Vf^v latedto

A

utomolusbut with_{a long-}

^^^.S

-><'£- _ er, proportionately

more

slender

bill,thegonydealangle barely^evi- dent, the maxilla ^{aswell as}

man-

dible terminally decurved; ^the culmen frombase decidedly longer Fig.

3—

BillofHylocryptus erythrocephalus. thantai'SUS, itsdepth^atthegony-

(Naturalsize) (jea^l angle ^less instead of

more

than three times its length from nostril. Type, Hylocryptus erythro- cephalus.

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil,

259

Hylocryptus erythrocephalus,

new

species.

Specific characters.

—

In general coloration

somewhat

suggesting the Automolus rubiginosus-A. nigricauda group, but whole head

and

neck sharply defined^incolorfrom rest ofthebody; underparts grayisholive, etc.

Type.—

^No. 163,086,

Am. Mus.

Nat. _Hist., 9 ad., Alamor, 4300 ft.,

Peruvian-Ecuador boundary, July 14, 1919; H. Watkins.

Descriptionoftype.—-Head^allaround, including nape, cheeks,auriculars,

and

throat between Sanford's

brown and

orange-rufous (throat

more

ochraceous-orange) clearly defined, especiallyonthenape

and

sides ofthe neck, from theDresden-brown back

and

_{pale grayish} oliveunder parts;

rump

tinged with orange-rufous passing into pureorange-rufous on the uppertail-coverts; rectricesslightlydeeperⁱⁿtonethanhead; wing-quills externally

somewhat

dullerwith afaintolivaceous_tinge;inner

webs and

tips of primaries ^(all but base of outer ones) blackish; inner quills

and

wing-coverts wholly orange-rufous;

bend

of the wing

and

under wing- coverts ochraceous-orange; ^flanks

and

ventral region

washed

with the color of the back; lower tail-coverts ochraceous-orange; ^feet brownish black; maxilladark brown,lighterterminally;mandible horncolor.

Wing

92;^tail 83;tarsus_28; hindtoe _21; outer toe 19.50;middletoe_26.5; inner toe, 17 (allwith nail); culmen from _{base, 30;}billfromnostril,22; depth atgonydeal angle^6.5

mm.

Description ofimmature_female.

— A

not_fullyadultfemalefromPaletilla agrees^{in size}withthetype

and

differsincoloronlyⁱⁿthe presence^ofnar-

row

blackish terminal margins

on

the feathers of the occiput

and

under parts.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Hylocryptuserythrocephalus. Alamor, ¹ $ ad., Paletilla, ¹ 9 ad., ¹ 9 ^im.

Automolusrubiginosus,A.rufipectus,A. cinnamomeigula, A.nigricauda,

and

otherlessnearly relatedspecies ofthe genus.

Remarks.

— The

_type ofcoloration

shown by

this species^isunlike that of

any

^furnariineordendrocolaptine bird

known

tome. Itisconceivable, however,thatanintensification of colorwhichwouldobscure the contrast betweenthecolors of thehead

and

_body,might produce

some

such result asappearsⁱⁿAutomolus_{nigricaudanigricauda}of western Ecuador.

The

latter, however, ^{is a true} Automolus of the A. rubiginosus-A. _rufipectus group, withthebill nolongerthan the tarsus

and

with

an

_ascending^in- steadofdecurved_{gonys; the}tail-feathers,furthermore, areslightly^stiffer.

Xenops

^rutilus connectens,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

Intermediate between

Xenops

rutilus rutilus Licht.,

and Xenops

^{rutilus helerurusCab.}

&

Hein., withthe tail-pattern oftheformer

and

the general coloration^ofthelatter.

Type.— No

137,347.

Am. Mus.

Nat. _Hist., c?ad.

Todos

Santos 1300

ft., Prov.

Cochabamba,

Bolivia,July27, 1915; Miller

&

Boyle.

Specimens ^examined.

— Xenops

rutilus connectens. Bolivia:

Type

^lo-

cality, 3;

Yungas

^{3600ft., Prov.}

Cochabamba,

^1.

Proceedings

of the Biological Society

Washington.

Xenops

rutilus rutilus. Brazil: Chapada, 15; near

Corumba,

2; Sao Paulo, 1.

Xenops

rutilus heterurus. Colombia: 24. Trinidad: 1. Ecuador: Zar-

uma,

6; Naranjo, ^{1. Peru:} Idma, 2;

San

_Miguel Bridge

(Urubamba

Canon),3;

San

_MiguelRiver, ^1.

Xenops

tenuirostris. Brazil: Barao Melgaco,

Matto

Grosso, 2; Rio Roosevelt, ¹ (heretofore

known

_onlyfromthe_type).

Remarks.

—

Thisisa

most

interesting^linkbetween

Xenops

rutilus rutilus of Brazil,

and

X.r.heterurus ofthe

Andes

from southern Peru northward

and

northern South America. Liketruerutilusithas onlyone_{pair of}^tail- feathers with the inner

web

_wholly (or almost_wholly) black. It differs

fromtrue _rutilus, however, ⁱⁿ being

more

olivaceous

and more

_narrowly streaked below,ⁱⁿhaving^thebackdarker, thecrownblack

and more

finely streaked. In general^colorcharactersittherefore resembles_heterurus,but

has_onlyonepair instead^of

two

pairs of rectrices, largely black.

Xiphorhynchus triangularis bangsi,

hew

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

Similar to Xiphorhynchus triangularis triangu- laris(Lafr.),but_generalcoloration,particularly^oftheupperparts, slightly less olivaceous,

more

rufescent; the ^bill largely whitish or horn-color, usually black only at thebase

and

endofthe maxilla; the buffymarkings

on

the

crown

larger, the back with _buffy shaft-streaks; the

rump more

rufous; the throat

and

_markings oftheunderparts white; themarkings ofthe breast smaller

and

not extending^tothe

abdomen,

^whichisnarrowly streaked insteadofspotted; undertail-covertswithfine, insteadofbroad shaft-streaks.

Type.—

^{No. 137,388,}

Am. Mus. Nat

_{Hist., ?} ad., Yungas,^alt.3600 ft.,

Prov.

Cochabamba,

Bolivia,June10,1915; Miller

&

Boyle.

Range.

—

Subtropical zone of the eastern slope^ofthe

Andes

in Bolivia

and

inPeru,^{at least}northtoGaritadel Sol.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Xiphorhynchus triangularis bangsi. Bolivia:

Yungas, typelocality, ^1;Locotal,5800ft., 1. Peru:

San

_{MiguelBridge,}

Urubamba

Canon, 2;

San

_Miguel River, 4500 ft.,

Urubamba

_{Canon, 1;}

San

Miguel Road, 6000^{ft., 1;}Idma, above^Sta.Ana, 5000ft., 1.

Xiphorhynchus triangularis triangularis. Colombia: 34 specimens ^in- cluding thetype andtopotypical^series. Ecuador: Zamora,Prov. Loja,^4.

Remarks.

—

Mr. Hellmayr's^{belief1 that the}type ^ofLafresnaye's ^"Den- drocolaptestriangularis"

came

from _Bogota, not Bolivia, asstated in the original description,^isconfirmed

by

an examinationofLafresnaye's type,

now

inthecollection ofthe

Museum

ofComparative Zoology(No. 77,147;

Lafr.Coll.,No. _2275),

whence

ithasbeenloaned

me by Mr.

_Bangs.

On

the original label the words "Colombie, Bogota," ^are written over the

word

"Bolivia." Lafresnaye having discovered the error inthealleged type-locality apparently corrected^itonthelabel ofthetype^{ashe didalso} in his

monograph

^ofthegroup^to whichthe bird inquestion belongs (Rev.

Mag.

^Zool., 1850,p.419).

The

_typeis faded and the bill isbroken,but lHellmayr,P.Z.S^, 1911,p.1153, foot-note.

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil, 261 theextensionofthe_largespotsonthe breasttothe

abdomen

atonce

marks

itasbelonging^tothe

Colombian

form.

The

differenceswhichdistinguish birdsfromBolivia and southern Peru from

Colombian

and Ecuadorian specimens ^areevidentlyshown,ⁱⁿpart atleast,

by

specimens from^Garita delSol on the

Amazonian

_{slopes of} the Andes, ^{east of} Lima, Berlepsch (P. Z. S., 1896, p. 376) remarking ^thata pair of birds from this locality resemblespecimens from ^Bolivia.

He

also here

comments

on the char- acters

shown by

^the

Colombian

bird and, misled

by

Lafresnaye's ^state-

ment

that the type of triangularis

came

from _Bolivia, he described the

Colombian

formas"D. triangularis bogotensis,"a

name

whichisobviously a pure

synonym

^ofXiphorhynchustriangularis triangularis.

Since fourspecimens from Zamora,ⁱⁿsoutheastern Ecuador,are essen- tiallytypical oftruetriangularis,it isevident that^ifthisformintergrades with bangsi^it

must

dosobetween

Zamora and

GaritadelSol. Itseems particularly appropriate ^to

name

this strongly

marked

race in honor of Mr.

Outram

Bangs, not^alonein recognition^oftheserviceshe hassolong rendered neotropical ornithology, but alsobecausehis studies ofthe La- fresnayetypes

now

ⁱⁿthecollection of whichhe has charge,have _already thrown,

and

_promisetocontinue tothrow,

much

_lighton problems which only astudy^ofthetype concerned can^solve.

Thripobrotus layardi madeiras,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

SimilartoThripobrotuslayardilayardi(Scl.),but ground ^{color ofthe} under _parts browner;^{its streaks}

somewhat

narrower

and

tinted with_buff;theunspottedthroat area smallerandbuffy instead ofwhite; the

abdomen

lessstreaked.

Wing

95;^tail78.5;culmen 27

mm.

Type.—

^No. 148,455,

Am. Mus.

Nat. _Hist.,

&

ad., Porto _Velho, Rio Madeira,Brazil, April3, 1915;Collins-DayExp.,Geo. K.Cherrie.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Thripobrotus layardi^{madeira?. Brazil:}

Type

^lo-

cality,2 _cT',Barao Melgaco, Gy-Parana,^{Brazil, 1} 9 ^im.

Thripobrotus layardi layardi. Brazil: Utinga, near _Para, 1

d\

¹ 9 (topotypes).

Thripobrotusfuscicapillus. Bolivia:

Todos

_Santos, Rio Chapare,^Prov.

Cochabamba,

^{1 cT. Peru:} Astillero,Rio

Tambopata,

¹ 9', Rio Cosireni (lower

Urubamba),

¹ d\

Remarks.

—

_Hellmayr (Verh. Orn. Gesell. Bayern, XI, 1912, p. 161), aftercomparing Peruvian specimens with^thetype^of Thripobrotusfuscica- pillus(Pelz.),considers

them

inseparable from that_species and. accepting thisconclusion_{as valid,} it isclearthat our birdsfrom Porto Velhoare not referable to that form, which is represented ⁱⁿ our collections

by

^three examples.

Nor

does the material at

hand

indicate intergradation offus- cicapilluswith _layardi through the race here described, which, although slightly approachingfuscicapillus,^is nevertheless

much

nearerto layardi.

A

femalefrom Barao Melgaco, on^theGy-Parana,^stillwears

most

ofthe juvenal plumage.

The

forehead

and

sides of the headare spotted with fulvous,thenape and^{sides ofthe}hindheadare_slightlystreaked with the

same

color.

The

under_partsagreeingeneral tone of color, butare less sharply streaked

and

thecentral stripes are whiter. Doubtless because

Proceedings

of the BiologicalSociety of

Washington.

ofitsimmaturity, ^thisbirdis considerably smallerthan

any

^ofourother specimens^{of this}group.

Wing

85;^tail73;culmen25

mm.

Thripobrotus warscewiczi bolivianus,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

Similarto Thripobrotus warscewiczi warscewiczi Cab.

&

Hein., of Peru, butground-color ^ofunder_parts

somewhat more

olivaceous, ^itscentral stripes broader, marginedlaterally, but nottermi- nally,withblack; throatappreciably^buffierand withoutblackish margins;

maxilla_paler.

Type.—

^{No. 137,393,}

Am. Mus.

Nat. Hist.,

&

ad., Incachaca, 7700ft.,

Prov.

Cochabamba,

Bolivia;

May

^14, 1915; Miller

&

_Boyle.

Range.

—

Subtropical Zone in Bolivia.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Thripobrotus warscewiczi bolivianus. Bolivia:

Type

^{locality, 4 o\ 4 9; Miguelita, 5000 ft., Prov.}

Cochabamba,

¹

d\

1 9 ; Locotal, 5800 ft., Prov.

Cochabamba,

¹ d", 2 9; "Yungas," 6000

ft., 1.

Thripobrotus warscewiczi warscewicziCab.

&

Hein. Peru:

San

_Miguel Bridge,5000ft.,

Urubamba

_Canon,1 9^•

Thripobrotus warscewiczi O3quatorialis (Menegaux). ^Peru: Alamor, 4300 ft., Prov.

Tumbes,

^{1a71; Ecuador:} Zaruma, ^{Prov. del} Oro, ¹ 9 ,

Gualea, Prov. Pichincha,^{2 d", 1} 9 Colombia: Ricuarte, Narifio, ¹ cf.

Thripobrotus lacrymiger lacrymiger and T. I. sancta-martoe, adequate seriesfrom Colombia.

Remarks.

—

Ihavetothank Mr.C. B.

Cory

^forcomparing^ourspecimens of Thripobrotus warscewiczi with specimens ^{of T. w.} warscewiczi in the Field

Museum

from

Molinapampa, and

^hence topotypical ^of peruvianus Tacz. (P. Z.^S. 1882,p.28,

Tamiapuma,

Peru).

Mr. Cory

^writesthathe considersour specimen from ^the

Urubamba Canon

"tobenearly or quite typical warscewiczi"

and

this

name

isevidently therefore applicable ^toall the birds of this species from Peru with the possible exception ^of those foundnear the Bolivian boundary, which

may

^{be nearer}bolivianus,

and

those from the Ecuadorian boundary, which, our

Alamor

_specimen indi- cates, are nearer cequatorialis.

Mr. Cory

^{also calls}

my

^{attention tothe}

description

by Menegaux

^ofthe

Ecuador

formas aquatorialis (Rev. Franc.

d'Orn., 1912,p.389, Cayandeled, Ecuador), which ^Ioverlooked

when

writ- ing^ofspecimens from southwestern

Colombia and

_Gualea,Ecuador (Bull.

A.

M.

N. H.,

XXXVI,

1917, p. 423). These birds, with others from

Zaruma

and Alamor,are decidedly

more

_rufous, both above

and

below, thantruewarscewiczi,

and show

thataquatorialis^isa_valid, ifbut_slightly differentiated race.

In pattern^of marking ^{the Bolivian} form here described (asremarked in thepaperjust referred to), resemblesT.^I. sancta-marto?, but the latter is

more

rufousthroughout and ^{the throat} as well as central stripes below are ivory white.

Mecocerculus subtropicalis,

new

species.

Specific characters.

—

Similar to Mecocerculus stictopterus tceniopterus (Cab.) but back_greener, capgrayer

and

lesssharply definedfrom_nape,

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil,

263

wing-coverts whiter and broader, ear-covertsgrayer, superciliary ^less ex- tended posteriorly, abdominal region

more

_yellow;sizesmaller.

Type.—

^No. 273,007, U.^S. Nat. Mus., ^o" ad., San MiguelBridge, 5000

ft.,subtropical^zone,

Urubamba

Canon, Peru;June22, 1915; ^{E. Heller.}

Description of type.

— Whole

crown neutral gray, spreading on to the nape

and

not _sharply denned from the Kronberg green ("olive-green") back;^a whitesuperciliaryreaching^tobehind_{the eye;}loresdusky;cheeks andear-coverts grayish white, the^lattertippedwiththecolor ofthesides ofthe nape;^tail hair-brown, very narrowly marginedexternallywiththe color oftheback;the outer

web

oftheouter pair^offeatherspaler basally, no trace of whitishon the inner

web

of

any

^ofthe rectrices; wing-quills fuscous,margined with^whitishonthe inner

webs

and_palegreenishonthe outer webs.

Median and

greater covertsbroadlymargined withgreenish white; ^lesser wing-coverts the ^{color of} the back;

bend

and _{lining of} the wingcitron-yellow; throatand upperbreast grayish white, the^restofthe under parts whiter, washed, or faintly andobscurely streaked, with pale citron-yellow,brighteronthesidesandflanks; feet

and

billblack,the

max-

illapalebasally.

Wing

60;^tail56;tarsus_16.5;culmen9

mm.

Descriptionoffemale.

— The

female resembles the malein color, butis

smallerinsize.

Wing

58;^tail51;tarsus 16.5;culmen9.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Mecocerculus subtropicalis. Peru:

Type

^lo-

cality, ¹

d\

²

9,1?;

Idma, ¹

&,

^{2 9•}

Mecocerculusstictopterus tceniopterus. Peru:

Above

_Torontoy, 10,700

ft., ¹ o", ¹ 9;

Occobamba

Valley,9100ft., 1

d\

Mecocerculus stictopterus stictopterus. Ecuador: Chimborazo, ^{1 tf};

Colombia:

Temperate

Zone, 6^r?,1 9^•

Mecocerculushellmayri. Bolivia: Incachaca, 3 o^71, 2 9^•

Remarks.

— The

apparent

abundance

of this proposed

new

_species prompts^{thebeliefthatit}hasbeenbeforedescribed but^ifthisbe_true, it

was presumably not ^{referred to the} genus Mecocerculus.

On

the other hand,^{it is}so clearlya

member

ofthatgenus^thatitcouldnotwellbe placed in

any

^other. Possibly the lack^ofaclearconception^ofitszonalrelation- shipswithM.s.tceniopterus

may

^{haveled tothebeliefthatit}

was

not sepa- rable from that species. Inaccurate _labeling might readily lead ^to the belief thatbothbirds

came

fromthe

same

_locality, whereastceniopterus ^is foundinthe

Temperate

^Zone

and

subtropicalis inthe Subtropical Zone.

Both M

^. colopterus

and M.

poecilocercus havethe inner

web

of certain remiges white; while ⁱⁿ

M.

hellmayri

and M.

minor the wing-bars ^are ochraceous; in subtropicalis the inner

webs

of the rectrices are without white

and

thewing-barsare greenish white.

Anaeretes agraphia,

new

species.

Specific characters.

—

Quite unlike

any

^describedspecies ofthe genus,but most_nearlyresembling Anaretesagilis Scl.,from whichitdiffers in having no streaksaboveorbelow, the^crestwholly^black,etc.

Type.—

273,008,U.S.Nat. Mus., 9 ad.,Idma, 9000^ft.,nearSta.Ana, Peru;October 10, 1915,E. Heller.

Descriptionof type.

— Crown

andelongated feathers^of thecrestshining

Proceedings

of the Biological Society of

Washington.

black without white markings; ^a well-marked white superciliary; back olive-brown, unstriped; thesides ofthenape

and

neckgrayer; ear-coverts gray; aduskypostocularstripe;^tailstrongly graduated,brownishfuscous margined with^{thecolor ofthe}

back and

_tippedwith whitish; wing-quills darker, the inner ones margined externally with the color of the back;

throat whitish; breast grayish;abdominalregion

and

flankspalesulphur- yellow; underparts

unmarked

_exceptfora_slightsuggestionof stripes on thebreast.

Wing

54;^tail58; tarsus18.5;culmen_11;widthofbillatbase 4.5

mm.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Anazretesagraphia. Peru:

The

type.

An&retes _agilis. Colombia: near Bogota, 3; Valle de las Pappas, ^1.

Ecuador: Mindo, 1;Gualea, 2;Pichincha, ^1.

Remarks.

—

Thisisthesecond

known member

ofthat sectionofthegenus Anwretesofwhich ^.4.agilishas heretoforebeenthe only describedspecies.

Compared

^{with A.} parulus these birds evidently possess well-marked generic characters, butthedifferences in question areⁱⁿ partbridged

by

A. nigricristatus inwhich^thebill isbroader, the^tail

more

_graduated,than in parulus; whileA.'flavirostrisis,inrespect^tothesecharacters,intermedi- atebetween nigricristatus

and

_parulus.

Mionectes striaticollis columbianus,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

— Most

nearly related ^to Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus (Tsch.) ^of Peru, but smaller; the upper breast olive-green rather than _{gray; the}whitestreaksof throat

and

breast

much

narrower and

more

restricted;the

plumbeous

^{ofthecrownless}extended, not reach- ingbackof nape^orear-coverts, cf,wing,63-70;tail,48-52

mm.

Type.—

^{No. 133,683,}

Am. Mus.

Nat.Hist., <? ad., Sta. Elena, 9000 ft.,

Antioquia, Colombia,

November

21, 1914; Miller

&

_Boyle.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Mionectes striaticollis columbianus. Colombia:

Type

^{locality, 1;eastofPalmira,} Cen. Andes, 1;El Roble,Cen. Andes,2;

La

Candela,Cen. Andes,3;Cerro Munchique,

W.

Andes, 1;

San

Antonio,

W.

Andes, 1;Subia,near_Bogota, 1.

Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus. Peru:

San

_Miguel Bridge,

Uru- bamba

Canon, 3; Idma, above^Sta. Ana, ^6.

Mionectes striaticollis striaticollis. Bolivia: Locotal, Prov. ^of Cocha-

bamba,

5;Yungas,^Prov.

Cochabamba,

4; Incachaca, Prov.

Cochabamba,

2.

Remarks.

— The

_{receipt of}

an

_adequate series of specimens ^{of the} Pe- ruvian formofMionectesstriaticollisconfirms

my

expressed^beliefthatthe

Colombian

^birdisseparablefrom it(Bull.

Am. Mus.

Nat._Hist.,

XXXVI,

1917, p. 448).

The

extremes ofvariation are represented

by

^the Bolivian bird at the south, the

Colombian

birdatthe north.

Between

these, but, asmight be expected, nearer the former than the latter, ^is the Peruvianform which

is sufficiently distinct from striaticollis to stand as a separate race, dis- tinguished ^chiefly

by

^{its less streaked under} parts, including the lower tail-coverts.

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil,

Myioborus melanocephalus bolivianus,

new

subspecies.

Subspedfic characters.

—

Similar to Myioborus melanocephalus melano- cephalus (Tsch.)^ofPeru,butunder_partspaler,lemon-chromeratherthan light

cadmium;

^frontal

band

narrower and often mixed with _{black; the} outertail-featherswith

more

white, the white areaonthe innervaneofthe terminalhalf ofthethirdfeather (from without)largerthantheblack_area;

wingaveragingshorter;^billlonger;wing67;^tail67;culmen 10.5

mm.

Type.—

^{No. 137,927,}

Am. Mus.

Nat. Hist,

&

ad.,Incachaca,7700ft.,

Prov.

Cochabamba,

Bolivia;

May

^24, 1915; Miller

&

Boyle.

Specimens ^examined.

—

_Myioborus melanocephalus bolivianus. Bolivia:

Type

locality, 5

d\

¹¹ 9-

Myioborusmelanocephalus melanocephalus. Peru:

San

_{MiguelBridge,}

Urubamba

Canon,

5^,4

^{9; Torontoy, 1 d", 4 9; Santo}

Domingo,

6 _{cf, 1} 9;Oconeque, ^{1 cf.}

Remarks.

—

Specimens from Santo

Domingo and Oconeque

^{in south-} eastern Peruare intermediate. In thecolor ofthe underpartsthey^are nearerbolivianus,butintailcharacterstheyagreewithtrue melanocephalus.

Basileuterus luteoviridis superciliaris,

new

subspecies.

Subspedfic characters.—Similar ^to Basileuterus luteoviridis luteoviridis (Bonap.) ^ofColombia, but averagingslightly smaller, with_{a longer bill,}

rictalbristles

more

developed; the^entireupperparts decidedlybrowner, the yellowsuperciliary

much

broader,brighter, in

some

specimens broader even than in "

Myiothlypis"nigrocristatus,

when

it leaves an olive-green areaonthecrown about_equaltotheblack areainthecrownofthat_species.

Differing from Basileuterus luteoviridis slriaticeps Cab.,

and

from B.I.

signatus ^Berl.

&

^Stolz. through ^{the lackof}even a traceofblack on the forehead

and

_crown, which isexactly concolor with_{the back;}from _speci-

mens

^ofsignatuswhichlackblack on_{the crown,} itdiffersasitdoesfrom true luteoviridisand, furthermore,ⁱⁿbeinglarger;wing69.5; ^tail57; cul-

men

¹²

mm.

Type.—

^{No. 273,009,U.S. Nat. Mus., <? ad.}

Above

_{Torontoy, 14,000}

ft.,

Urubamba

_Canon,Peru;

May

^{14, 1914, E. Heller.}

Specimens ^examined.

—

Basileuterus luteoviridis superciliaris. Peru:

Type

locality, 3;

Cedrobamba,

12,000ft., 1.

Basileuterus luteoviridisluteoviridis. Colombia: ^4.

Basileuterusluteoviridis signatus. Peru: San MiguelBridge,

Urubamba

Canon, 5000 ^{ft., 4}

d\

^{2 9;} Torontoy, 7800 ft., 2 cf, 4 9; Santo

Do-

mingo, 6000 ft., 4; Oconeque, ^{1. Bolivia:} Incachaca, 7700 _ft., Prov.

Cochabamba,

^5.

Remarks.

—

This form is apparently ^a

Temperate

^Zone representative of Basileuterus luteoviridissignatuswhich occurs on the

same

mountains inthe Subtropical Zone. ^Itszonal relationsare presumably with

"Myi-

othlypis"slriaticepsCab.,¹described from Maraynioc, ^inthe

humid Tem-

perate Zone, east^oftheJunin_region.

The

latter, however, ^islargerand

is described as having "einen ^breitenschwarzlicholivenbraunen^"_stripe

ij.f.O., 1873,p.316.

Proceedings

of

Washington.

on

the crown bordering the yellow superciliary, whereas in superciliaris thecrown

and

forehead areofexactly the

same

color asthe back. It_is, however, interesting toobserve that three ^ofoursixteen Peruvian_speci-

mens

ofsignatusfromthe SubtropicalZone

show

thischaracterofadusky stripe on ^the sides of the crown above the yellow superciliary,

and

this featureis

more

_pronounced

and more

constantinfivespecimens from ^the SubtropicalZoneofBolivia.

This character _clearly suggests relationship with "Myiothlypis" ^euo- phrys,the Bolivian representativeof nigrocristatus,

and

this,in turn, raises the question^ofthe statusofMyiothlypis^asa genus.

The

case hasan im- portant bearing ontheproblem ^oftheorigin ofzonal faunas,

and

Itrust toreturntoitat alater

day

^{with both}increased material

and

addedfield experience.

Pheucticus uropygialis terminalis,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

—

In thecomparative absence ^ofblack markings

on

the sides

and

flanks,

and

in the large size ofthewhite _endings of the greaterwing-coverts, resembling Pheucticus uropygialis meridensis Riley, ofVenezuela;^{inthe extentof}yellow anteriorlyonthebasesofthe feathers of the interscapulum nearer meridensis than to Pheucticus uropygialis uropygialis Scl., of Colombia; differing from both meridensis and true uropygialisⁱⁿhavinglargewhiteterminal,or slightlysubterminal,rounded spots

on

theupper tail-covertsinstead of smallwhiteoryellowish trans- verse subterminal

marks on

these_feathers;lowertail-covertswhiter;^tibiae yellower.

Type.—

^{No. 145,557,}

Am. Mus.

Nat. Hist., [d¹],

San

_Miguel Bridge,

Urubamba

Canon, 5000^ft.,Peru; July19, 1916;H. Watkins.

Specimens ^examined.

—

Pheucticus uropygialis terminalis. Peru:

Type

locality, ¹[cf];Chauillay,

Urubamba

River,3700ft., 1 [<?].

Pheucticus uropygialis uropygialis. Ecuador: ¹

d

¹;

Mocha, Chim-

borazo, ¹ 9^. Colombia: Subia, ²

d

^1;

La

Mar, ^{1 d";} Palo Hueco, ^{1 d"};

Fomeque,

¹

d

^1;Chipaque,²

d

¹ (all near Bogota

and

hencetopotypical)^. Pheucticus uropygialis meridensis. Venezuela:

Near

_Merida, 5

d

¹

(topotypical).

Remarks.

—

Pheucticus uropygialis does not appear ^to be represented in

most

Peruvian collections. Kalinowskisecured a female near Cuzco, which

von

Berlepsch, ⁱⁿreporting

on

his collections (Ornis, 1906, p. 103), stateshe

had

notseen. Jelskitookitnear

Huanta

andit iscontained in the

Raimondi

collectionfrom Huancayo. ^It

was

probably on Raimondi's specimens^thatTaczanowski(Orn.Per., Ill, p.2)basedhisdescriptionⁱⁿ which^thewords^"sus-caudalesnoirestermineesd'unegrossetache blanche"

indicate thathe_evidently

had

the race here describedinhand. Thiswhite spot

on

the longesttail-covert ofthetype^isterminal

and

measures8

mm.

along the shaft^ofthefeather. Inasecond_male,whichisinthe molt,

and

inwhich^thiscovert hasnotyet attained^{its full}growth,^itmeasures12

mm.

and

ismargined

by

^{a blackborder3}

mm.

inwidth.

A

female collected

by

Heller does not _agreewith the female of aurei- ventris,asstated

by

Taczanowski, but^differsfromitinhaving^{the throat}

Chapman New Birds Peru,

Bolivia, Brazil,

Colombia. 267 and

breast streakedwith_black, theupperpailspronouncedly^blackerand the

rump

yellow, ⁱⁿstrong contrast ^to the back. This female_closely re-

sembles oneoftrue uropygialisfrom _Ecuador,but has thewhite terminal markings ^of bothwing-coverts and uppertail-coverts larger.

Catamenia analoides griseiventris,

new

subspecies.

Subspecific characters.

— Male

similar to male of Catamenia analoides analoides (Lafr.), of the Peruvian coast _region, but abdominal region grayer, ^less white, the under parts therefore nearly uniform _{in color;}

second to sixth primaries (from without) with less white on their outer webs ^at the base; lowertail-covertsaveragingpalerand_usually without the buffytipswhicharealwayspresentⁱⁿtrueanaloides.

Type.—

^No.129,178,

Am. Mus.

Nat.Hist.,

d

¹ ad.,Cuzco,Peru,

Novem-

ber16, 1914;H. Watkins.

Specimensexamined.

—

Catameniaanaloidesgriseiventris. Peru:

Type

locality, ¹

d

¹, 1 9; Pisac (near Cuzco), 4

d\

2 9; Chospyoc, 10,000 ft., 1 <?;

Huaracondo

_{Canon, 10,000}ft.,2 tf, 1 9;Torontoy, 8000ft., 1

d

^1.

Ecuador: Vallede

Cumbaza,

Chimborazo, ³

d

^1.

Catamenia analoides analoides. Peru: Lima, ²

d

^{1. 1} 9; Vitarte (near Lima),⁹ d",5 9;

Huacho

(north ofLima), ¹

d\

² 9; Huaral _(north of Lima),

5cf,l

^9;Sayun, ¹

d

^1.

Remarks.

— Our

excellent series of this speciesshows that

most

of the differences between specimens from^{the coast}

and

those from the table- landofPeru, towhich Taczanowski(Orn.Per., Ill, p.21) longago^called attention,are diagnostic.

The

factthat specimens fromthe tablelandof

Ecuador

_agreewiththosefrom southernPeru, indicates that the race here described occupies the

puna

^or

paramo

^{inbothEcuador}

and

Peru, while true analoidesisdoubtless confinedtothecoastal region.

Itis interesting to observe that griseiventris,in itsgray

abdomen

and decreased

amount

ofwhiteatthebaseofthe primaries,

makes

no approach towardthe Boliviananalis,whichindeed

more

_closelyresembles the

Lima

racethanitdoes theonegeographically nearest^toit.

The Colombian

form.C.a.schistaceifrons,^isalso

more

liketheoneoccu- pying ^the Peruviancoast than the race which inhabits the intervening mountains.