Ketentuan Quiz:
1. Soal Quiz dapat diunduh pada pukul 11.30 WIB di Kuliah Online.
2. File Soal Quiz dalam bentuk Ms.Word (Doc).
3. Langsung anda ganti nama file-nya, dengan Nama dan NIM anda,
4. Langsung dikerjakan di file tersebut, dengan memberi highlight atau mewarnai Font dengan warna merah dari pilihan yang anda tentukan.
5. Dikumpulkan paling telat Pukul 13.00 WIB di Kuliah Online. Waktu yang diberikan, lebih dari cukup, karena biasanya untuk tes TOEFL sebenarnya, Reading Comprehension hanya diberikan waktu 55 menit untuk mengerjakan 50 Soal.
Reading Comprehension: QUIZ Number 1-11
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The organization that today is known as the Bank of America did start out in America, but under quite a different name. Italian American A.P. Giannini established this bank on October 17, 1904, in a renovated saloon in San Francisco’s Italian community of North Beach under the name Bank of Italy, with immigrants and first-time bank customers comprising the majority of his first customers. During its development, Giannini’s bank survived major crisis in the form of a natural disaster and a major Economic upheaval that not all other banks were able to overcome.
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One major test for Giannini’s bank occurred on April 18, 1906, when a massive earthquake struck San Francisco, followed by a raging fire that destroyed much of the city. Giannini obtained two wagons and teams of horses, filled the wagons with the banks’
reserves, mostly in the form of gold covered the reserves with crates of oranges, and escaped from the chaos of the city with his clients’ funds protected. In the aftermath of the disaster, Giannini’s bank was the first to resume operations. Unable to install the bank in a proper office setting, Gianninni opened up shop on the Washington Street Wharf on the makeshift desk created from boards and barrels.
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In the period following the 1906 fire, the Bank of Italy continued to prosper and expand. By 1918 there were twenty- four branches of the Bank of Italy, and by 1928 Giannini had acquired numerous other banks, including a Bank of America located in New York City. In 1930 he consolidated all the branches of the bank of Italy, the Bank In New York City, and another Bank of America that he had formed in California into the Bank of America National Trust and Saving Association.
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A second major crisis for the bank occurred during the Great Depression of the 1930’s. Although Giannini had already retired prior to the darkest days of the Depressions, he became incensed when his successor began selling off banks during the bad economic times. Giannnini resumed leadership of the bank at the age of sixty-two.
Under Gianninni’s leadership, the bank weathered the storm of the Depression and subsequently moved into a phase of overseas development
1. According to the passage, Giannini
(A) Opened the Bank of America in 1904 (B) Worked in a Bank of Italy
(C) Set up the Bank of America prior to setting up the Bank of Italy (D) Later changed the name of the Bank of Italy
2. Where did Giannini open his first bank?
(A) In New York City
(B) In what used to be a bar (C) On Washington Street Wharf (D) On a makeshift desk
3. According to the passage, which of the following in NOT true about the San Francisco earthquake?
(A) It happened in 1906
(B) It occurred in the aftermath of a fire (C) It caused a problems for Giannini’s bank (D) It was a tremendous earthquake
4. The word “raging” in line 8 could best be replaced by (A) Angered (C) Intense
(B) Localized (D) Feeble
5. It can be inferred from the passage that Giannini used crates of oranges after the earthquake (A) To hide the gold
(B) To fill up the wagons
(C) To provide nourishment for his customers (D) To protect the gold
6. The word “chaos” in line 10 closest in meaning to (A) Legal system (C) Overdevelopment (B) Extreme heat (D) Total confusion
7. The word “consolidated” in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) Hardened (C) Moved
(B) Merged (D) Sold
8. Where in the passage does the author describe Giannini’s first banking system?
(A) Lines 2-4 (C) Lines 14-16 (B) Lines 6-10 (D) Lines 19-21
9. The passage states that after his retirement, Giannini (A) began selling off banks
(B) caused economic misfortune to occur (C) supported the bank’s new management (D) returned to work
10. The expression “weathered in the storm of” in line 22 could best be replaced by (A) Found a cure from
(B) Rained on the parade (C) Survived the ordeal of (D) Blew its stack at
11. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses (A) Bank failures during the Great Depression
(B) A third major crisis of the Bank of America
(C) The international development of Bank of America (D) How Giannini spent his retirement
Number 12-23
1 Distillation, the process of separating the element of a solution, is widely used in industry today. The two most common methods of distillation are fractional distillation, used in the preparation of alcoholic beverages, and flash distillation, used for the conversion of ocean water to fresh water.
5 In fractional distillation a mixture is separated into its various component parts by boiling. This method makes use of the fact that different elements boil at varying temperatures. For example, alcohol has a considerably lower boiling temperature than water: the boiling temperature of water is 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and the boiling temperature of alcohol is 172 degrees Fahrenheit. Thus, when a mixture of alcohol and water is heated, the alcohol vaporizes more quickly than the water. The distillate is collected and the process is repeated until the desired purity has been achieved.
10 Flash distillation does not require high temperatures but instead is based on pressure. In this process, a liquid that is too separated is forced from a compartment kept under high pressure into a compartment kept at a lower pressure. When a liquid moves into the low-pressure chamber, it suddenly vaporizes, and the vapor is then condensed into distillate.
12. According to line 1 of the passage, what is “distillation”
(A) a procedure of separating a mixture (B) a step that does need high temperatures (C) various component in a solution
(D) a process of repeated action
13. The word “fresh” in line 3 could most easily be replaced by (A) original (C) inexperienced
(B) modern (D) nonsaline
14. According to the passage, what makes fractional distillation occur?
(A) time (C) heat
(B) pressure (D) water
15. The word “thus” in line 7 is closest in meaning to which of the following ? (A) however (C) furthermore
(B) moreover (D) therefore
16. According to the passage, what happens when water and alcohol are heated together?
(A) Both the water and the alcohol evaporate at the same rate (B) the alcohol cannot evaporate because of the water
(C) the alcohol evaporates at a temperature of 212 degrees Fahrenheit (D) The alcohol evaporates from the mixture first
17. the word “purity” in line 9 means
(A) goodness (C) righteousness (B) cleanness (D) thoroughness
18. According to the passage, in the flash distillation process, what causes the liquid to vaporize?
(A) the pressure on liquid is suddenly changed (B) the liquid changes compartments.
(C) The addition of seawater to a solution.
(D) There is rapid increase in the pressure on the liquid.
19. Which of the following process would probably involve distillation?
(A) Adding a new substance to a mixture
(B) Dividing a pure element into smaller quantities (C) Mixing two elements together to form a new solution (D) Removing impurities from a solution
20. The word “vaporizes” in line 13 could be best replaced by (A) become gaseous (C) becomes stressed
(B) disappears (D) solidifies 21. The main purpose of this passage is to
(A) explain how salt water can be turned into freshwater (B) give an example of fractional distillation
(C) describe a scientific process
(D) discuss the boiling temperatures of various liquids 22. The tone of the passage
(A) angered (C) informational (B) persuasive (D) humorous
23. This passage most probably be assigned in which of the following courses?
(A) Biology (C) physiology (B) Aquatics (D) Chemistry Number 24-35
1 In west-central New York there is a group of eleven long narrow, glacial lakes known as the Finger Lakes. From east to west these lakes are Otisco, Skaneateles, Owasco, Cayuga, Seneca, Keuka, Canandaigua, Honeoye, Canadice, Hemlock and Conesus.
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These lakes have been aptly named because of their resemblance to the fingers of a hand. Two of the largest of the finger Lakes, Seneca, and Caguya, exemplify the selection of the name: Seneca is thirty-seven miles long and four miles across at its widest point, and Cayuga is forty miles long and two miles across.
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Although scientists are not completely certain as to how these lakes were formed, most believe that successive sheets of glacial ice carved out the long, narrow valleys.
The glaciers most probably moved along the paths of preexisting stream valleys and further deepened these valleys to depths well below sea level. With the melting of the glaciers at the end of The Ice Age, the lakes were filled.
24. The topic of this passage is (A) west-central New York State (B) Seneca and Caguya
(C) the description and origin of the Finger Lakes (D) the scientific findings about the Finger Lakes
25. The word “glacial” in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) Icy (C) Shallow
(B) Thin (D) Wide
26. According to the passage, why are these lakes known as the Finger Lakes?
(A) They are the same size as fingers.
(B) Their shape is similar to a finger’s.
(C) Their composition is the same as a finger’s.
(D) There are as many lakes as there are fingers.
27. Why does the author mention Seneca and Cayuga in the second paragraph?
(A) They are the only two Finger Lakes.
(B) They are the two largest lakes in the United States (C) They are good examples of long and narrow lakes (D) They are long and wide
28. The word “selection” in line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) sound (C) feeling
(B) choice (D) presentation 29. The passage implies that Seneca Lake is
(A) a constant four miles wide
(B) at least four miles wide at each point (C) wider than it is long
(D) narrower than four miles at certain points
30. What do you most scientist believe caused the formation of the Finger Lakes?
(A) The sea level decreased
(B) Heavy rainfalls flooded the area
(C) Melted glaciers carved out the valleys
(D) Glaciers cut into the land and then melted to fill the valleys 31. The word “successive” in line 9 could best be replaced by
(A) timely (C) sequential (B) duplicate (D) simultaneous
32. The word “path” in line 10 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) waves (C) sands (B) routes (D) highways 33. What is the tone of this passage?
(A) informative (C) humorous (B) accusatory (D) calculating 34. What is the author’s purpose of this passage
(A) explain how glacial lake is formed
(B) describe the different type of glacial lakes (C) explain the origin of Finger Lakes
(D) discuss the end of ice age
35. This passage most probably be assigned in which of the following courses?
(A) biology (C) physiology (B) geography (D) chemistry Number 36-40
Joyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories. By The Gate, 1n 1963, two years after she had received her master’s degree from the University of Wisconsin and become an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been prodigious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor, in Ontario, and, in 1978, to Princeton University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but find a productivity of such magnitude difficult to assess.
In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction. Hers is a world of violence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness.
Although some of it appears to come from her own direct observations, her dreams, and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock car racing, though she had never seen a race. In them (1969) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the notes 1967, drawing much of her material from the deep impression made on her by the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source and however shocking the events or the motivations, however, her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day.
36. What is the main purpose of the passage?
(A) To review Oates’s By the North Gate (B) To compare some modern writers (C) To describe Oates’s childhood (D) To outline Oates’s career
37. Which of the following does the passage indicates about Joyce Carol Oates’s first publication?
(A) It was part of her master’s thesis (B) It was a volume of shirt fiction (C) It was not successful
(D) It was about an English instructor in Detroit
38. Which of the following does the passage suggest about Joyce Carol Oates in terms of her writing career?
(A) She has experienced long nonproductive periods in her writing (B) Her style is imitative of other contemporary authors
(C) She has produced a surprising amount of fictions in a relative short time (D) Most of her work is based on personal experience
39. The word “characterized” in line 8 can best replaced by which of the following?
(A) Shocked (C) distinguished (B) Impressed (D) helped
40. What was the subject of Joyce Carol Oates’s first novel?
(A) Loneliness (C) teaching
(B) Inanity (D) racing
Number 41-50
Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?
For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present.
Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish-brown to sand- color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber-shaped-hence their name- and because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents.
Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate- feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organism that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence.
But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water.
It also casts of attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.
41. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The reason for the sea cucumber name (B) What makes the sea cucumber unusual (C) How to identify the sea cucumber
(D) Places where the sea cucumber can be found 42. In line 3, the word “bizarre” is closest meaning to
(A) Odd (C) simple
(B) Marine (D) rare
43. According to the passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important?
(A) It helps them to digest their food
(B) It helps them to protect themselves from danger (C) It makes it easier for them to move through the mud (D) It makes them attractive to fish
44. The words “this faculty” in line 16 refer to the sea cucumber’s ability to (A) Squeeze into crevices
(B) Devour all available food in a short time (C) Suck up mud or sand
(D) Live at a low metabolic rate
45. The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses (A) The reproduction of sea cucumbers
(B) The food sources of sea cucumbers (C) The eating habits of sea cucumbers (D) Threats to sea cucumbers’ existence
46. The phrase “casts off” in line 20 is closest meaning to (A) Grows again (C) gets rid of
(B) Grabs (D) uses as a weapon
47. Of all the characteristics of the sea cucumber, which of the following seems to fascinate the author most?
(A) What it does when threatened (B) Where it lives
(C) How it hides from predators (D) What it eats
48. Compared with other sea creature the sea cucumber is very
(A) Dangerous (C) strange
(B) Intelligent (D) fat
49. What can be inferred about the defense mechanism of the sea cucumber?
(A) They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli
(B) They are almost useless
(C) They require group cooperation
(D) They are similar to those of most sea creatures
50. Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water?
(A) A touch (C) unusually warm water (B) Food (D) pollution