Ownbey, Curator of Herbarium, Botany Department, University of Minnesota was also consulted. Another pair of df (df-2) follows df-1 and occurs in front of the anterior margin of the compound eyes in the apterae.
V) and the unguis to the base of segment VI
CAUDA.—The cauda offer some diversity in shape, size, and chaetotaxy that is useful in aphid taxonomy. HISTORY.-The oldest known species in the genus, which partly included Aphis hippophaes Walker, is Aphis galeopsidis Kaltenbach, 1843 (-Cryptomyzns galeopsidis).
1 with a markedly constant setal formula of 1 1
Cornicles davate 2 Cornicles cylindrical 6
Submarginal rows of setae absent, or with only 3 pairs of longitudinal rows of setae on disc of body (mesothorax to abdominal segment 5); integument smooth or merely ridged between setal bases 3 Submarginal rows of setae present at least on abdominal segments 2 to 4; integument conspicuously reticulate, often obscuring setal bases 4 3. If and spinal (and pleural) of abdominal segments 7 and 8 inconspicuous (i.e. usually smaller than i/2 size of said setae); spinal and marginal single or only partially duplicated in summer forms; summer host, Polygonum spp.
- Cornicles clavate 2 Cornicles cylindrical 6
- shepherdiae Gillette and Bragg Unguis averaging 3i/£ to iy A times base of antennal segment VI; antennal segment V with
Cornicles do not extend beyond the tip of the anal plate and are less than three times cauda long; vertebral columns are consistently single or at most only partially duplicated; unguis 6 to 10 times (usually 7) as long as the base of antennal segment VI; summer host, Polygonum spp. Antenna segment V usually without secondary sensoria; dorsofrontal bristles conspicuously bulbous or widely expanded at the tips;
1 knobbed setae; a.s.IV about s/ 4 and 1
DIAGNOSIS. Capitophorus essigi resembles the other species (C. hippophaes) living on Polygonum in having clavate cornicles, but differs in having shorter antennae, four pairs of bristle rows on abdominal segments 1 to 5, more extensive cephalic setae, and a greater proportion of cornicles to cauda (2i/2-3i4 vs. iyA-2y4). Sixth abdominal spine and DF-2 minute (less than 0.010 mm or less than 1/3 basal diameter of antnum segment III, not as long as abdominal spine 1-5, rod-shaped; abdominal segment 7 with 1 pair of conspicuous (i.e. less than df-1 in length ), capitate setae; mf short, 1/3 to 1/2 length of DF-1; abdominal vertebrae 1-5 rod-shaped, simple.
1 blunt or slightly knobbed setae
Antennal segment I with 4 to 5 setae; a.s.II with 1 to 3 appendages, dorsal appendages absent, sometimes also lateral appendages; as.s.III and IV merged;. Antennal segment I produced on inner distal margin, with 2 or 3 cephalic setae on projection, 2 to 4 setae on venter, common pointed setae on basal dorsal surface.
DESCRIPTION.—Apterous Viviparous Female (described from types of C. horni gynoxantha Hille Ris Lambers): Body stout fusiform; pale, with tips of tibiae and entire tarsi brown, antennal flagella and tips of prongs dark in some specimens. Flagellar segments intermediate, slightly dark; a.s.IV and V subequal, about s/4 length of a.s.III; unguis on average 5i/& times as long as base of a.s.VI.
- s.II with 1 1 setae, similarly knobbed but 1
Alaat Viviparous Female: Head, mesothorax, appendages, wing veins brown but antennae darker near bases of a.s.III, legs darker on apices of tibiae, entire tarsi; abdominal sclerites not well defined in type specimens; corollas dark on distal y4; cauda and anal plate dusky. Alaat Viviparous Female (fundatrigenia): Head, mesothorax and tarsi brown; antennae from near bases of a.s.III, tips of tibiae, rostrum, distal i/s of corollas darker than their bases; wing veins and cauda dark or light brown; central abdominal sclerite not well defined in remounted paratypes.
1 setae, a few species with 2
- acanthovillus (Knowlton and Smith) Dorsal setae short, widely expanded, fan-shaped; posterodorsal caudal seta (e) flattened
- longipes (Gillette and Palmer) Cornicles bare, without setae 9
- infrequenus (Knowlton and Smith) Rostrum IV+V subequal or not more than \\^ times length of hind tarsal joint 2 14
- pack* packi (Knowlton) Cornicles much shorter, .50 mm at most; body rather densely hairy, df setae 15 or more
- pullus (Gillette and Palmer)
- zoomontanus (Knowlton and Smith), new combination Rostrum IV+V equal to or up to U/ 2 times length of hind ta-2; anterior head setae
- intermedius, new species 24. Cornicles entirely dark on at least distal fourth of length 25
- quadritrichus (Knowlton and Smith) sensu lato Cauda rather slender, slightly, if at all, constricted, apex acutely rounded 27
- gregarius (Knowlton)
- chrysanthemi (Theobald) Body setae with relatively shorter (stem of mf about y 3 to y t its length) thicker (diameter
- heterohirsutus (Gillette and Palmer) Laterofrontal tubercles more conspicuously produced than mesofrontal one; dorsal setae
- quadritrichus pallidus, new subspecies Anterior head setae widely expanded like posterior df's, sometimes with slender stems; head
- patonkus (Holies and Frison) Cornicles much longer than .25 mm, at least \\/ A times as long as cauda 46
- s.111 densely imbricate, with small knobbed setae, longest less than half basal diameter of segment,
- s.11 imbricate, with 1 1 blunt or knobbed 2
Rostrum appendages IV+V equal to or imperceptibly longer than appendages ml and pi; on Chrysothamnus 3 Setae al at least twice as long as ml and pi set 8 3. Color in life medium green, funnel-shaped bristles give a cold appearance (Palmer, 1938); cleaned specimens are pale, tips of a.s.V, rest of antennae, tips of tibiae, entire tarsi and most of rostrum IV+V darker.
1 blunt or knobbed setae but one 2
- s.III faintly imbricate, with small knobbed setae, longest less than i/ 2 basal diameter of segment,
- s.II normally with 1 1 blunt or knobbed 2
Color in life pale green (Palmer, 1938); cleaned specimen pale with tips of rostrum and tibiae, entire tarsi, antennae from a.s.V apices darker, sometimes also dark from a.s.III apices (e.g. specimens on A. douglasiana from California). SPECIMENS EXAMINED.—Holotype; paratypes from Colorado State University collections: 3 apt.v.f., l-VII-1898, La Porte, Colorado, CPG, on Artemisia ludoviciana, and 11 apt.v.f., 21—III—1935, Pingree Park, Colorado, GFK on A In addition, heads and trunks are generally longer, more narrowly spread (in the pictures, at least the anterior appendages of the head are stalked and there are more sensoria on a.s.III.
Color in life dark brown to chocolate brown in spring forms and brown to greenish brown in summer and autumn forms (Knowlton, 1929); cleared specimens pale, with last 2 rostral segments, tips of a.s.III and IV, areas around secondary sensoria, most of a.s.V and all of a.s.VI, bases and tips of tibiae, entire tarsi and distal i/2 to 2/s of cornices brown.
- s.III faintly imbricate, with long pointed to blunt setae, longest subequally as long as basal diameter
Antenna segment I produced on the mesodistal margin, vaguely overlapping with 10-22 (usually 12 or 13) blunt or knobbly setae, apart from the basal pointed setae on the dorsum. Purified specimen with pale body; antennae are usually dark from the apices of a.s.V, but in some individuals dark from the apices of a.s.IV (e.g. from Allen and Green Canyon, Utah). NUMBER 156 59 or even the distal half of a.s.IV or tips of a.s.III (e.g. from Uinta Mts., Utah); legs pale, with dark tibial apices or sometimes the bases of the tibiae also brown (e.g. Green Canyon and Uinta Mts., Utah), entire tarsi dark brown; rostrum with most of the last segment dark brown, sclerotic; tops of cornices light brown or dark, or completely dark (e.g. specimens of Uinta Mts.).
Dorsal head setae a mixture of elongate, pointed (commonly If, sometimes mf, and less commonly some of dfs), elongated and obtuse or flattened (mf, df-1, some of anterior dfs) and shorter, funnel- to fan-shaped ones ( posterior df's);.
- s.II faintly imbricate and with 1 1 blunt 2
Color in life green (Knowkon, 1935a); cleaned specimen pale with tips of rostrum and tibia, entire tarsi, antennae from bases near a.s.III brown. Color in life is unknown; pale cleaned specimen with tips of rostrum and tibia, complete tarsi and antenna from distal third of a.s.IV brown. Color in life unknown; cleaned specimen pale with darker apices of carapace and tibia, entire tarsi, apices of a.s.IV and V and remainder of antennae (flagellum dusky from a.s.III apices in some specimens).
Purified specimen with pale body; antennae dark or light brown at tips of a.s.III and IV and entire length of remaining segments; legs pale with tips of tibiae and entire tarsi darker.
Antennal segment I prominently produced mesodistally, densely compressed, sparsely spiculate, with 6–16 (usually 8 or 9) funnel-shaped blunt setae except dorsally pointed basal one.
DISTRIBUTION. The collections examined include sites from Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and California in the southwestern and western United States and in Manitoba in south-central Canada. Lagace, on Artemisia douglasiana (RCD coll), CANADA (all collected and owned by AGR): Camp Shilo, Manitoba, 1 apt.v.f. The antenna characters (short unguis and relative lengths of a.s.III, IV and V) were also used to identify P.
DIAGNOSIS.-The size of the last rostral segment has been casually observed to be variable in P.
- s.II imbricate, with normally 1 1 knobbed 2
Alate Viviparous Female: Color life green (CFS coll. data); cleaned specimen with slightly sclerotic head and prothorax and darker brown ring around ocelli; brown mesothorax, pale, membranous abdomen with dark or light brown pleural spots; legs from apices of tibiae and antennae from near bases of a.s.III dark brown. Color in life pale to apple green, somewhat shiny (original description); cleaned specimen pale with tips of rostrum and tibiae, apical i/10 to y5 of corolla, entire tarsi and antennae of about distal 2/3 of a.s.III brown. Body length, length of rostrum IV+V, and the proportions of the unguis to the base of a.s.VI also vary but overlap between populations is more frequent.
Cleaned specimen with pale or dark brown, slightly sclerotized frontal areas of head and pale, membranous body; basal 2 antennal segments brown, flagellum dark brown from tips of a.s.IV;.
DESCRIPTION.—Apterous Viviparous Female: apple-green in life, with gray, grayish pruinose covering (knowlton cleaned specimens with pale body; tips of rostrum and tibiae, antennae from near base a.s.III, apical i/2 to y3. DESCRIPTION.—Apterous Viviparous Female (based on lectotype and 2 paralectotypes): Cleared specimens pale, but antennae from near bases a.s.III, tip of rostrum, entire tarsi and tips from basal % dark brown.DESCRIPTION.—Apterous Viviparous Female (based on one female, holotype). : Color in life green (collecting data); cleaned and stained specimen with pale body, apex of rostrum, antennae from a.s.V tips and entire tarsi brown.
Color in life green (specimens cleaned by Pack and Knowlton pale, with tips of rostrum and tibiae, entire tarsi and tips, and antennae from near base of a.s.III brown.
Capitophorus magnautensis Knowlton and Smith.—Knowlton, 1954:8 [in part; specimens recorded from Sisters, Oregon seen and determined as P. DIAGNOSIS.—This species is distinctive in the combination of the following characters: a short, stout, obtuse-pointed rostrum IV+V that is about ice. Antennal segment I produced mesodistally, smooth and with 6-14 (usually 11) blunt or tufted setae in addition to basal pointed one on dorsum.
Color in life greenish with a pruinose covering (Knowlton cleaned specimen pale with tips of a.s.IV and V, entire a.s.VI, tips of rostrum, tibiae and entire tarsi brown.
- s.IV and V slightly shorter or equal to a.s.III in length; a.s.VI with unguis averaging 514 times
The shape of the rostrum is, however, characteristic and easily recognizable, and on this basis, P. Catalog of the Genera of Aphididae with a List of Species Described as New from 1885 to 1905. A List of the Insects of New York with a List of the Spiders and certain other allied groups.
A bi-seasonal collection of aphids, chiefly on Long Island, New York, with notes on some species.
London: Headley Brothers
List of specimens of homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, Part IV. LIST OF MYRTLES Achillea millefolium: P. arvensis, horridulum, lanceolatum, nuttallii, occidentalis, smallii, vulgare): C. hirsutum, hydropiper, hydropiperoides, lapathifolium, pennsylvanicum, persicariacum, pennsylvanicum, pennsylvanicum. canadense): C. HIGHER CLASSIFICATION OF HOST GENERA Family Polygonaceae. FIGURES 1-6.-Chaetotaxy of Capitophorus hippophaes hippophaes: 1, dorsum of apt.v.f.; 2, ventral dorsum of al.v.f.; 3, dorsal view of the head of al.v.f.; 4, ventral aspect of the head of apt.v.f.; 5, rostrum IV+V of Pleotrichophorus glandulosus and Capitophorus hippophaes; 6, dorsal abdominal view of al.m.
Ventral view of female abdominal terminalia showing subgenitai and anal plates of: 16, ovip.f.; 17, al.v.f.; and 18, apt.v.f.
FIGURES 122-142.—Rostrum IV + V of apterous viviparous females (unless otherwise indicated as a different morph) of Pleotrich-ophorus species: 122, P. Synonymously, use the short form (taxon, author, date:page) with a full reference at the end of the paper under "Literature Cited." Begin each taxon in the left margin with subsequent lines indented about three spaces. Formal tables should be submitted as pages separate from the text, and each table, no matter how large, should be inserted as a single sheet of copy.
In a bibliography (commonly called "Literature Cited"), capitalize the titles of books, journals, and articles in all words except for smaller terms such as "and, of,." When capitalizing titles in foreign languages, follow the national practice of each language.
