M.SOFIYULLAH YUSUF (PAI)
The Megengan Tradition and Its Symbolic Meaning in the Context of Social Construction During the Approach of Ramadan
Ifa Febyanti Nabilah, Isa Anshori
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Tradition, as a historical heritage, plays an important role in society, especially in politics and culture. Indonesia, with its cultural diversity, has unique traditions in each region that are still maintained by many communities. This article discusses the sustainability of traditions, their role in shaping cultural identities, and their relationship to social development. In addition, this article highlights the importance of preserving traditions so that they stay alive and are passed on to future generations.
Keywords: Megengan Tradition, symbolic meaning, approaching Ramadan Introduction
As a culturally rich nation, Indonesia is home to various unique traditions, one of which is the Megengan tradition. Megengan is a celebration or expression of communal spirit in welcoming the holy month of Ramadan and other festivities. However, this tradition is not practiced by all communities but is more commonly found among specific groups that have upheld it as a generational practice.
This tradition is carried out by the community, particularly Muslims, as a form of gratitude for the arrival of the holy month of Ramadan or other celebrations. The term 'Megengan' itself originates from the Javanese language, meaning 'communal meal' or 'community feast.' Typically, Megengan is practiced as a ritual among the Javanese community in Indonesia, where people gather to share food as part of a celebration or special event. This tradition is well-known, especially among the Javanese community.
Megengan holds significant social and cultural value as it strengthens family and community bonds and serves as a way to celebrate and share joy during special moments. This tradition is not merely about food but also about togetherness, solidarity, and commemorating important life events provides an opportunity for people from different social strata to come together, share stories, and celebrate moments collectively. Additionally, Megengan plays a vital role in preserving Javanese culture and strengthening social relationships within the community.
Through Megengan, younger generations are taught about traditional values, ethics, and customs passed down from previous generations.
Problem formulation
• How is the process of the tradition of megengan ?
• What is the symbolic meaning of the mecarrying tradition before the arrival of Ramadan?
This article aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of the profound impact of tradition on human life and the necessity of its preservation for the enrichment of cultural heritage and Research Method
This research was conducted in Pangesangan Village, Jambangan District, Surabaya City. The selection of this location was based on several social and cultural factors. The cultural factor is particularly strong and deeply rooted in the community, leading to the annual observance of the Megengan tradition during the approach of Ramadan, passed down through generations.
This study employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach is used to obtain in-depth data about the Megengan tradition, while the qualitative approach is used to understand the cultural and social aspects underlying this tradition. Data was collected through documentation, observation, and interviews with community leaders, village heads, and residents actively involved in carrying out this tradition. In its implementation, the Megengan tradition is generally participated in by all members of the local community within the neighborhood or community group (RT or RW)
Results and Discussion
Symbolic Meaning of Megengan
Megengan originates from the Javanese word 'megeng,' which means to restrain oneself or to fast, reflecting the profound meaning of this tradition. In practice, community members exchange gifts, typically in the form of traditional foods such as sticky rice, kolak (sweet coconut milk dessert), and apem (rice cake). This tradition symbolizes the values of togetherness and solidarity within the community.
Megengan is more than just a ritual; it is a tangible manifestation of mutual cooperation and the spirit of unity that involves the entire community. Megengan transcends mere culinary tradition, embodying a deeply valuable moral message. Those who adhere to this tradition are taught to always share what they have, even if it is limited. The meaning of 'restraint' and 'fasting' in the Megengan context can be interpreted. Moreover, the foods used in Megengan carry symbolic meanings. For example, apem symbolizes requests for forgiveness, while tumpeng (cone-shaped rice) symbolizes prosperity and blessings.
Social Structure in the Megengan Tradition
From the perspective of Anthony Giddens' structuration theory, the Megengan tradition reflects the reciprocal relationship between social structure and individual actions. Social structure establishes the norms and values in Megengan, while individuals have the freedom to interpret and practice this tradition according to its context.
Through Megengan, the community collectively builds and maintains this tradition as part of their social structure. Individuals within the society also play an active role in continuing, modifying, or even opposing certain aspects of this tradition.
Conclusion
The Megengan tradition is a cultural heritage that plays a significant role in strengthening social relationships and instilling values of togetherness. By preserving this tradition, the
community not only safeguards ancestral culture but also creates space for adaptation and change in line with the times.
The younger generation is encouraged to recognize and preserve the Megengan tradition so that it remains alive and does not fade over time. This tradition is not just about celebration but also about the formation of social and cultural identity within the community.
By understanding its symbolic meaning and social context, Megengan is not merely an annual ritual but also a reflection of the values that shape social cohesion in Javanese and Indonesian society at large.