MISCELLANEOUS CHROMOSOME NUMBER REPORTS FOR POA (POACEAE) IN NORTH AMERICA
Robert J.Soreng
Department ofBotany National Mureum oiNarura1 History
Smithsonion institution Warhingron,DC20073-7072, U.S.A.
[email protected] ABSTRACT
The following 66 chromosome numbers and youchers for 24 species of Poa L. are reported from Canada, Mexico, and the U.S.A.: P abbreviatasubsp, patrerronii. 2n=42,2n-42.2n-42;Ealpina,2n
=28+11,2n-32+1(2x). 2n -40+L 2n=42,2n= 56; P arctica rubsp. aperta. 2n- 98+tsubsp. arctica, 2n
= 56, rubsp. nztica (longipila form), 2n = 56-59:2n -80,Zn
-
88; P atmpurpurea, 2n-
28; E bigelovii, 2n = 28+1: P curickii subsp, pollida, 2n = 56tII; P Jendleriana subsp. albcrcenr, 2n-
28+11,2n-
56:subsp. jendleriana, 2n = 56(4X). 2n -59.2" -58-60.2" -58-64; subsp. longiligula. 2n= 56.2nca.56;
Pglaucasubsp.glouca.2n=56,2n-56-58;subsp. rupicola, 2"
-
48,2n-48-50,2"=54-56,2n ca. 100;P interior,2n-4% E larnsubsp. banfiann.2n-84:P leptocoma2n-42(2x);P letfermanii.2n-14:
P napensir,2n=42:P nervosn,2n-28;Poccidentalis,2n-14(2x).2n=28;Ppaucispicula,2n-42;P pipen, 2n = 28; P pratenrir subs^. nlpizena, 2n
-
56+nI: P reflexa, 2n = 28 ( 4 x 1 P secunda subsp.pochypholir, 2"-+2,andEunilaterolirsubsp. unilateralis. 2n-84
RESUMEN
Seciran66nbmeroscromosomBticosy testigosde24erpeciesdePoaL.de CanadB,Mexlco, y EEUU.:
P abbreviata sub+ patterronii, 2n
-
42, P alpina, 21, = 28+11,2n = 32+l(2x), 2n- 40+I, 2n-
42,2n =56, P a ~ t i c a s u b i p . apertn, 2" -98tI; subsp. aritica,2n=56; Nbsp, nrctico(fmalongipila),2n-56- 59,2n =80,2n=88;P atmpurpurea, 2n=28; P bigelovii,2n=28+1; Pcurickii subsp. pnlIi8a,2n-56+11:
P Jendlerinna subsp. albercenr, 2n = 28+11,2n -56, subsp. jendleriano, 2n- 56 ( 4 ~ ) . 2n = 59,2n -58- 60,2n-58-64:subsp longiligula, 2n=56,2n ca. 56; Pglaucasubspglaucn. 2n -56,271-56-58;subsp.
rupicola, 2n- 48,271
-
48-50.2" =54-56.2~ ca. 100; P interior, 2n- 42:P lnxa subsp. baifliana, 2n- 84: P leptocoma 2n = 42 ( 2 x 1 P lettermnnii, 2n-
14: P napensir, 2n-
42; P nenrosn, 2n-
28: Poccidentalis,2n=14(2x);P paurirpicula. 2n-42:P yiperi.2n-28;E pratenrissubspalpi~ena,2n-
The Flora of North AmericaNorth of MCxico (Morinet al. 1993)editorial policy
requires that chromosome numbers be independently published prior to being
reported in the treatments. Therefore, I am reporting a series of chromosome
counts here for Poa that are unreportedor only mentioned with partialvoucher
TABLE 1.Voucher information for chromosome counts in the genus Poa that are new or mentioned with no or only parrial voucher information in Soreng (1985,1990,1991a. 1991 b, 1993,1998)and Soreng and Hatch (19831. RJS= RJ.Soreng.RWS=R. WSpeiienberg.
Taxon County Specificlotation,date,mllection no. Chromosome no. (2n).
&State &herbarium and notes
Poo abbreviota subsp. U.S.A.
patterronii(Vasey) Colorado:
A. L6ve. D Love &
B.M. Kapoor
Coiorado:
Poa aipina L
Montana:
CANADA.
Alberta:
Alberta:
U.S.A.
Coiorado:
Clear Cr.Co.: Ro5ky Mts., Mr. Evens top, SSE of Georgetown ca. 13 km.3 Aug 1984,RJS,RRBayer, M. Dunford& G.L.Stebbinr 2555 (US)
SummidParkCo. boundary,Rocky Mts.,Tenmile Range, North Star Mt., Hoosier Ridge W of Hoosier Pass,
2 Aug 1984, RJS, R. Bayei. M. Dunford& G.L. Stebbins 2548 (US1 Deer Lodge Co.:Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Mt.Tiny, above Storm Lk.6 Aug 1980,RJS&RWS 1165-2 (US1 Banff N.P,ca.100 km N of Banff on hwv 93.E slo~es o i Mt. Peyto.5 of Peyto Lk,N of Bow Lk.,28 Jul 1980, RIS&RWS 1018 (US)
Pd.ea. \I1 OhwPen hll .
.
ngc cnandM1 8.rLe ca 67 r m n : e h o f C c n a r . 2 h ~ g 1980 si.58R.VS liOI(I.51 5aga.cne Co 'an..
s \ 1s. h r ope oi 33d, Cnaro off B8g Meaao.! Rar2 790 17 A." i3SO d.56 K : 5 1406-a ( L j42 (Sareng 1991 b,with partial voucher) information
42 (Soreng 1991 b, with parrial voucher information) n = 21, from pollen division (Soreng 1991 b, with partial voucher information) 42 (new)
56 (new) 28+11 (new) Co oraao Saga-cne 'lo. S3n
..
s.
1s. h s one oi 3a d l Cnaro off Bag 32tl ("?AMeaao., Ha F2 790 17A.g 1980,KS~4d.'/5 1405-0 .( j
Wyoming: ParkCo.:Bearrooth Pa8s.E iummit,8 Aug, 1980,RIS& 40+1 (new)
RWS 1213-S(US1 m
wyo&ing: Sublett Co.:Linie Sheep Mt.,NW of N end of Green Lakes 32+1 (new1
$
ca.6 km, l0Aug 1980,RJS&RWS 1290(US)
e
L"
Poo orctica subsp. operto U.S.A. Sagauche Co.:San Luis Mts..N slope of Baidy Chato,off Big 99 (Soreng 1985, without 5:
(Scribn.& Merrl Soreng Colorado: Meadow Rd.,FR 790.17 Aug 1980,RJS&RWS 14i2-a (US1 voucher) N
s
TMLE 1. (continued) w
g
Chromosome no.(2n),
.-
Taxon County SpecificIocation,date,rollection no. e =
&State &herbarium and notes =
- g
Poa arctica R.Br. CANADA. Kananaskis ProrP,at Kananaskis Summit (Highwood Pass). 56 (new) 5
subsp.arctica Alberta: near Mt.Arethusa ca.67 km Saf Seebe and Hwy 1,on Hwy =
-
B40.onWside.31 Jul 1980,RiS&RWS 1094(US)
2
U.S.A. Pitkin Co.(W of Lake Co.line?),Rocky Mts.,Sawatch Range, 88 (new)
i2
Coiorado: Independence Pass, 15 Aug 1980,RIS&RWS 1391 (US)
Montana: Deer Lodge Co.: Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Mt.Tiny, 80 (new)
B
above Storm Lk.6 Aug 1980,RJS&RWS Ii80(US)
Montana: Glacier Co.:Glacier NP, Pigan Pars,4Aug 1980,RJS& 56-59 (new) RWS 1142 (US)
Poa atropurpurea Scribn. U.S.A. San Bernardino Co.: Baldwin Lake. 1985.RJS2632 (US), 28 (Soreng 1993,without
California: voucher)
Poo bigelovlivasey & U.S.A. New Lincoln Co.:White Mts.,NE of Sierra Blanca, below 28+1 (Soreng 1985,without
Scribn. Mexico: Monjeau L.O., 16 Jun 1981, RIS 1584t(US) voucher)
Poa cusickii subsp.poiiida U.S.A. ParkCo.:NEofGardner 10 km,EofJardine,JunOB 1984, 56+11 (Soreng 199la.with
Sareng Montana: RJS 2453-0 (US) voucher, but location
incomplete and number erroneously reported as R1S 2456)
Poo fendleriana subsp. MEXICO. Sierra Madre Occidental,Creel,near air strip,l5 Apr 1984, 56 (new) oibescenr (Hitchc.) Soreng Chihuahua: RJS&RWS2309 (US)
Sonora: 5 krn NW of Cananea on microondas road N from road to 28+11, with inversion bridge Sonora. 19 Mar 1982,RJS&RWS 1780-5(US) &fragments (Soreng 1985.
without voucher) Poa fendleriona (Steud.) U.S.A. New Catron Co.:Sheridan Gulch.21 May 1983,RIS&D. 56, with multivalents (new)
Vasey subsp.fendieriona Mexico: Ward2125 (US) I
Mexico: Dona Ana Co.:Organ Mts.,W side, below and Eof Baylor 56 (new)
Pk., I 0 Feb 1984,RIS&RNeilron2190-b (US) Y 3
(MJU) uowu03 (Sn) I - K P l SM#vSfb"086L 6 n v 6 1 ' 7 ~ JJZEJj
sia66el pue s~ualen!llnu '95 40 8 wluy v o ' y e a d ~ o N wy
f'c
a6p!~>ead lalaaqM:'o3 soel Ma.sn
i - 8 6 ~ . j . l a ~ j r c 086 ors.
-?- O ~ , O F . . J ~ P.emn6a.. s i s o a ~ 55-05 - 4 -9'aa.r q I.\ p.? .o1i6. \ - in . ~ 3 ~ 1 a q in n ~ a ~ e . (Sn) PSbZSrbr'+86L Unl80'56~!JdS lOH ql0WUJPW :'03 ?led
(Sn)fLiZSMtigSfb"E86L uni6'Ei-Via uo'!eynqJeyn1403~ wy ~ ' 9 ' s ~ eymq3:'03 aq3edv
(sn) ~ O E Z S ~ U '%86L 1dV b1 'J!qJeWOl40 3 UYL'!elUap!330 a l p e n ellJ!S
[laq>non ou]
f o f z s f b " ~ 8 6 ~ i e w L Z " S ~ W oaleW ues:oj O~JOJOS
(Sn) ZLlZSM8'BSl%'C861 unr9'anb~anbnqlvjo 3N 'ealv >!u>!d oqel uenr'aseq M'SIW e!pueS:.oj lenopueS (sn) 0851 s r k i ' ~ 8 6 ~ J ~ V 8~ 'osop!nil+o N W Y 8'uo!1e1s I(JJeJSa8 lP3!6OjO!a i(lJUO6lUOW"SlW al!qM:03 UlO2U!l (3WN) W-18 P I U M U ' S ~ J ~ W ! ~ ~ ~ ~ MN wy 6i'abuen y3e)a:'oj iueJ3
ralau pue mn!lPyaq la alels la
'(uz)'ou amoromorq) 'ou uo!l,allo~'al~p'uo!~~loll~!lad~ huno) uoxel
*
s
m (panuliuo3) n o v l
TABLE 1. (continued) S =
z
"%County Spedflc location,date,mllection no. Chromosome no.(Zn),
Taxon
&State &herbarium and notes
X - g
Poo laxa Haenke subsp. U.S.A. Glacier Co.:Glacier N.P.Pigan Pass.4 Aug 1980,RIS& 84 6oreng 1991 b, with Z
bonifiana Soreng Montana: RWS 1137 (US) partial voucher information) %
42 6oreng & Hatch 1983) B
Poa leptocomalrin. U.S.A. Glacier Co.:Glacier N.P,Pigan Pass.4 Aug 1980,RJS&
5
Montana: RW5 1148.4 (US)
Utah: Summit Co.:Mt.Murdock E of Bald Mt.Pass.Hwy 150.12 42 (new)
B -
Aug 1980,RJS&RWS 1347-2 (US) g
Poa ietrermaniivasey CANADA 14 (A. Love, pers.com., letter
or U.S.A.: ca. 1982, reported by, Soreng
1991a,voucher unknown) Poa napensis Beetle U.S.A. Napa Co:Calistoga,S end of landing strip W of Lincoln 42 (Soreng 1991a, with
California: Ave.,27 May 1986.R152926 (US) partial voucher and location)
Poo nervoro (Hook.)Varey U.S.A. Marion Co.:Silver Cr. Falls S.P.,Winrer Falls,6 Jun 1986, 28 (new)
s.str. (excluding Poa Oregon: RJS2960 (US) wheeleriVasey1
Poa occidentaliflasey U.S.A. New Rio Ariba Co.: SW of Coyote, Puerco C.G., ca.33 km NW 14 (Soreng & Hatch 19831 Mexico: of Los Alamos, 15 Aug 1978,RJS&S.LHarch48 (US)
New Mexico: Otero Co.:Sacramento Mts.,ca.8.3 km ENE of Cloudcrofl 28 Boreng & Hatch 19831 5 of NM-244 on CR-7, Dec early 1978,RJS 123b (US)
New Mexico: Otero Co.:Cloudcroft. Xi. Hatch-2222 (TAES) 14 (Soreng & Hatch 1983, c o w € by S.L. Hatch) Poo poucispiculaScribn. CANADA. Banff N.P.,ca. 100 km N of Banff on hwy 93, E slopes 42 (Soreng & Hatch 1983,
& .Merr Alberta: of Mt. Peyto. S of Peyto Lk, N of Bow Lk.,28 Jul 1980, reported as Poa leptocoma)
RJS&RWS 1016(US)
Poa piperiHitchc U.S.A. Del None Co.:Off hwy 199 0.6 km on Patrick Cr. Rd above 28 (Soreng 1990,1993, California: the Middle Forkofthe Smith Rv.,2 Jun 1986.RJS2950 without voucher) Poo pratensis L. subsp. U.S.A. (US) Norne,Jul 1983.G.L.StebbinsA-3107! (US) 56+111, original det.asPoa
aipigena (Lindm.1 Alaska: orctica (new) r
-
Hiitonen s
TABLE 1 (cont~nued)
.,
%-
Taxon County Specificlocation,date,rollertion no. Chmmosome no.(h),
&State &herbarium and notes
Poa reileva Vasey & Scribn
Poa recundasubsp.
juncifoiia (Scribn.) Soreng Poa secundo J. Presl
subsp.secunda Poa sierraeTHowell
Poa strictirornea Hitchc
Poo supino Schrad. cv.
SUPERNOVA Poo trocyivasey
U.S.A. New Mexico:
Utah:
Wyoming:
Wyoming:
U.S.A.
Nevada:
USA.
Montana:
U.S.A.
California:
MEXICO.
Chihuahua:
Chihuahua:
U.S.A.
Maryland:
U.S.A. New Mexico:
New Mexico:
Taos Co.:Wheeler Pk.La Cal Basin,ca. 1.7 km NNW of weak. 19 Aua 1980,RJS&RWS 1478-4 (US) j . m n r C o 1.41 M.m,xrEo'Ba~oMl Pars nn, I50
1 1 A.o 1980 RS&RSIS1336 -5
-
ParkCo.:Clay Butte Look Out.,ca.2 km W of Beartooth Lk.8Aug 1980,RJS&RWS 1227 (US)
Subien Co:S side of Little Sheep Mt.,NW of Green Lakes ca.5 krn, 10 Aug 1980, RIS&RW5 1260-3 (US)
Lander Co.:Toiyabe Range.Eof Austin ca. 13 km o n Hwv 50,l Jull980.RiS821 (US)
~ l a ; i e r ~ o . : ~ l a c i e r N.P.,Siyeh PassTrail.4 Aug 1980, RIS&RWS I135(US)
Eldorado Co.: Deep Canyon, N.Fork of American River, E of Colfax off hwy 80 ca.2 m,ca.0.8 km NE of river crossing of Iowa Hill-ColfaxRd.,30 May 1986,RJS&GL.
Stebbinr 2931 (US)
Sierra Madre Occidental,W of San Jose Babicora,C.El Diablo Pass,2 km W on road to Madera, 13 Apr 1984, RJS& RWS2304-a (US)
dito,RJS&RWS2304-b (US)
Cultivated from commercial seed,2000,RIS&J.
Cayouette 5950-b (US)
BernalilloCo.:Sandia Crest,rim N ofTram.16 Jul 1981.
US& K Gadzia 1642 (US)
Colfax Co.:WNW of Raton,Raton City Park. 16 Aug 1978, RJS& S.L. Hatch 64 (US)
28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983) 28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983) 28 (new)
28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983) 63 (Sareng 1991 b, with partial voucher information) 84-88+ll (Soreng 1991 b, with partial voucher information) ca. 58 (new)
n = 14+1, mitosis (Soreng 1991a, with voucher and partial location)
n = 14-15+11, mitosis (new)
n = 7, mitosis (JCayouene,
-
unreported)
=
928 (Soreng & Hatch 1983)
W a -
28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983)
- *
> 1:TABU 1. (continued)
Taxon County Spedficlo~tion,date,colleaion no. Chmmororne no.(2n),
&State &herbarium and notes
New Mexico:
New Mexico:
New Mexico:
New Mexico:
New Mexico:
Poa unilateralis subsp. U.S.A.
pachypholis (Piper) Washington:
Soreng
Pan unilateralisScribn. U.8.A subsp. unilateralis Oregon:
Colfax Co.: NW of Raton,Raton City Park31 May 1979.
RIS 266 (US)
Colfax Co.: N of Raton.John Mayer's Ranch,down cavyon from Raton Pass on side of Bartlet Mesa. E side of US-25.31
May 1979, RiS267 (US)
Colfax Co.: Raton Ranch, NW of Raton ca.7.S km.3 Jun 1979.RlS272 (US)
Colfax Co.: Raton Ranch, NW of Raton ca. I 2 km.3 Jun 1979, RIS274 (US)
Lincoln Ca. Sierra Blanca.circ below the Peak. I 0 Jul 1982.
RIS&RWS2007(US)
Pacific Co.:llwaco,RWS&D.Southerland 1522A (NMC)
Curry Co.:3.3 km S of Gold Beach on serpentine road cut, Buena Vista Waysides.300 ft above the ocean.22 Jur, 1949 I Clauien 2151 (CAS)
28 (Soreng &Hatch 1983) 28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983)
28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983) 28 (Soreng & Hatch 1983) 28+1 (new)
42, R.W.Spellenberg count (Soreng 1998, with partial voucher information) 84, as Poa unilateralis, J.
Clausen unpublished (Soreng 1991a, with voucher but no location)
informationin Soreng (1985,1990,1991a, 1991b, 1993,1998) andSoreng andHatch (1983). Table 1 includes full specimen citations and herbaria (acronyms follow- ing Holmgren et al. 1990) where the vouchers are deposited for all of my previ- ous and new reports. My own counts were done between 1978 and 1988. Meth- ods for the chromosome preparations were given in Soreng and Hatch (1983).
In addition, vouchers and/or notes of a few counts doneby other botanists/
authors that have not been reported previously are included. Jacques Cayouette provided his new chromosome count of P supinafrom the recently introduced (in North America) cultivar SUPERNOVA. The count reported in Soreng (1991a) for P lettermanii was mentioned to me in a letter by A. Love, ca. 1982. This re- port is interesting as it raises to three the number of diploid species in the New World (the others are P occidentalis and P pseudoabbreviata). Verification of the count for P lettermanii is needed since I only have the correspondence record. I found an unpublished report for P unilateralis subsp. unilateralis of 2n
=84 on a herbarium specimenat CAS, the count likely done by thecollector of the specimen, geneticist Jens Clausen. Myers (1947) reported a count by Stebbins of 2n
=42, presumably for the typical subspecies (as P unilateralis subsp. pachypholis is rather local, more recently published, and restricted to the coast of NW Oregon and adjacent Washington). Richard W Spellenberg made a count of 2n
=42 for P unilateralissubsp. pachypholis.
Although emphasis has switched away from cytogenetic comparisons of
species to DNA analyses in Poa (Gillespie 6s Soreng 2005; Soreng 1990), it is
important to have an understanding of the cytogenetic history of taxa in order
to interpret results of other analyses, and to be able to locate vouchers and know
where they were collected. Of the 66 counts listed in Table 1,34 are unreported
elsewhere. The base chromosome number in the genus Poa is
x =7, and the
counts reported here generally correspond to multiples of seven, but unbal-
anced sets of chromosomes were frequently encountered. Roman numerals
given after numbers (i.e.; 2n
=28+II) represent unpaired chromosomes in the
metaphase or anaphase of meiosis, or unbalanced numbers in mitosis or later
stages of meiosis. Although supernumary or B chromosomes have been reported
frequently in Poa, no attempt was made to distinguish unbalanced chromotin
of this type from fragments resulting from irregular meiosis, etc. Most of the
countsreported hereconform to numbersreported by other authors for thesame
taxa. Poa sierrae (2n
=28) is the only taxon reported here for the f i s t time. In
taxa with previously rep~rtedcounts~other thanmy own,anddisregarding the
extra chromotin, the only the previously unrecorded numbersin any taxon re-
ported here are; 2n - 56 in P fendleriana subsp. albescens, and 291
=48,48-50,
54-56, and ca. 100 in Pglaucasubsp. rupicola. This work continues to show the
pattern in Poa of few diploid taxa, numerous taxa with low, fairly stable tetra-
and hexaploid numbers, other taxa with higher eupolyploid series, and taxa
SORENG,CHROMOSOME REPORTIFORPOA 2203
w i t h eupolyploid peaks connected b y dysploid series of numbers (Hiesey &
Nobs 1982; stebbins 1950).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Most of these chromosome counts were done durning m y Masters degree re- search under Stephen L. Hatch and then K e l l y
W.
Allred, and PhD reseach u n - der RichardW
Spellenberg, at New Mexico State University M y appreciation is extended to these advisors, to Gerrit Davidse and L y n n J. Gillespie for their helpful reviews of the manuscript, and toJacques Cayouette for allowing m e to report his new chromosome count.REFERENCES
GILLESPIE, L.J. and R.J. SORENG. 2005. A phyiogenetic anaiysis of the biuegrass genus Poa based on cpDNA restriction sited data.Syst.Bot.30:84-105.
HIESEY, W.M,and M.A.Noss. 1982. Experimentai studies on the nature of speciesV1:lnter- specific hybrid derivatives between facultatively apomicticspecies of bluegrasses and their responses to contrasting environments.Publications ofthe Carnegie Institute of Washingon.Vol.636.
HOLMGREN,PK., N . H . H o L M G R E N , ~ ~ ~ L.C.BARN~ 1990.lndex herbariorum.Part i.:the herbaria of the world. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
MORIN, N.R.et al. (eds.). 1993 forward. Flora of North America north of MexicoOxford Uni- versity Press, New York.
MYERS,W.M. 1947.Cytology and genetics of forage grasses. Bot. Rev. 1331 9-421
SORENG,R.J. 1985Poa L.in New Mexico,with a key to middle and southern Rocky Moun- tain species (Poaceae).Great Basin Naturaiist 453955422,
SORENG,RJ. I99O.Chloroplast DNA phylogeneticsand biogeography in a reticulating group:
study in Poa (Poaceae).AmerJ.Bot.77:1383-1400.
So~~~~,R.J.l991a.Systematics ofthePoa L.,group"Epiles"(Poaceae).Syst.Bot.l6:507-528.
SORENG, R.J. 1991 b. Notes on new subspecific taxa and hybrids in North American Poa (Poaceae).Phytologia 71:390-413.
SORENG, R.J. 1993,Poa L.1n:J.C. Hickman,ed.TheJepson manua1:higher plants of California.
University of California Press, Berkeley. Pp. 1284-1291
SORENG,R.J. 1998.An infrageneric classification for Poa in North America,and other notes on sections, species, and subspecies of Poa, Puccineliia, and Dissanrhelium (Poaceae:
Poeae). Novon 8:187-202.
SORENG, R.J.and S.L. HATCH. 1983.A comparison of Poa tracyi and Poa occidentalis. Sida 10:
123-141.
STEBBINS,G.L. 1950,Variation and evoluton in plants.Columbia Univerisv Press, New York.
University of California Press
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