General recommendations on the development of rural infrastructure are made in each of the nine management units identified in the area. In both cases there are various opportunities for the community to participate in construction.
Introduction
Purpose of this report
Importance of infrastructure for rural development
Project Activities
Village Statistics
The agency may also require the contractor to negotiate a subcontract agreement for part of the work with the community. After completion of the work, the part of the works provided by the agency will be officially handed over to the community. At the same time, the community is expected to appoint a team for O&M of the work (which may or may not be the same as the construction team).
Rehabilitation or improvement of the hydraulic infrastructure (crafts) in the adapted management zone should be combined with improving access to agricultural fields by shaping and compacting embankments so that they become passable for (motor) cycles and carts. Plan for gradually improved road access to villages along the Kapuas River in the southern part of the administrative unit. Rehabilitation or improvement of the hydraulic infrastructure (crafts) in the adapted management zone should be combined with improvement of access on the farm by shaping and compacting embankments so that they become passable for (motor) cycles and carts.
Rehabilitation or improvement of the hydraulic infrastructure in the adapted management zone (crafts as well as state-built canals) should be combined with improving access on the farm by shaping and compacting embankments so that they become passable for (motor) cycles and carts.
Conditions in selected sample villages
Other investigations
Road (poor condition) and river/canal Only public transport over the river Internal roads muddy in the wet season, many bridges missing. Concrete village road 1500 m Small perahus for access to fields car 8 people motorbike 42 people bicycle 70 people perahu 210 people.
Importance of transport infrastructure
Present situation
These would then cut across agricultural roads and would require crossing structures, which would significantly increase construction costs. It will be appreciated that the Pangkoh layout provides better access to the field, even though the concentrated village layout slightly increases distances to fields along tertiary areas that do not pass through the village area.
Options for improvement
Most villages in the area will eventually need to be provided with year-round road access. Larger entities, organizations or companies operating in the area may also be asked to contribute financially.
Design aspects
The weight of the road body and traffic will cause the subgrade to settle. The quality of river water is monitored in several locations by the Ministry of the Environment (Badan Pengelola dan Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup), see table 4.3. The work is mostly carried out by the community itself, but a contractor may be employed for complex work or those requiring heavy equipment.
In this way, disappointments about the quality of the work can be avoided later. The status of the group of farmers and the proposal must be approved by the head of the District Agriculture Directorate. Recommendations for improving water management and drainage infrastructure are provided in a separate report.
Lime (CaO) is added to acidic water. By filtering, the quality of the water above the sedimentation layer can be further improved.
Culverts and bridges
Jetties
A type of pier, either T-shaped, L-shaped, or I-shaped, usually consisting of a platform in the river connected to the river bank by a bridge or pier extension. The required dimensions are mainly determined by the size of the ships and the number of vessels to use the pier at the same time.
Costs of rural roads
Introduction
Present situation, water supply
Many of the fiberglass holding tanks provided by the government 10 years ago are at the end of their useful lives. The help of the Ministry of Social Affairs (Dinsos) to install 25 individual treatment systems (SaRut) was rejected by the people because all other families would not receive the help. Government assistance in setting up individual treatment systems (SaRut) for poor families was rejected as unfair because all families would need such a system.
Present situation, sanitation
During the dry season, the river water becomes salty and people buy drinking water from Pulang Pisau for Rp. Although there are wells with a good water supply, people prefer river water because they are used to it and they consider getting water from the river more convenient. All families have rainwater collection tanks made of various materials (iron drums, fiberglass, plastic tanks), but the collected water is often infected with mosquito larvae, while insecticides such as Abate are not available in the village.
Potential water sources
An example of the former PLG main channel is table 4.3; further examples of peat water quality are shown in Appendix IV. Water from deep wells constructed in the recently established Anjir Pulang Pisau transmigration site is not suitable for drinking due to its odor and high iron content. Operating Operating Operating Operating Operating Operating Not operating Operating Not operating Not operating Operating Not operating Not operating.
Water treatment options
From there, the water flows by gravity through an aerator (especially necessary for groundwater), a sand filter and an active carbon filter. The membrane is sensitive to solid particles, and is not effective in removing dissolved gases and oil, so it must be combined with other treatments, including an active carbon filter. The Dadahup plant, located near the old Dadahup village not far from the Dadahup transmigration area, has a capacity of 2.5 l/s, and is managed by 5 persons.
Distribution systems
On the community side, the desa administration will appoint a small ad-hoc group to be responsible for the work. Depending on the type of work to be carried out, a combination may be the best solution, where the more complicated parts of the work are carried out by a contractor and others from the community either independently (SP3, Padat Karya) or under the guidance of the contractor (KSO ). In most cases, after construction is completed, the role of the agency is over, and the operation and maintenance of the work is the responsibility of the community.
After approval, a cooperation agreement is signed by the group leader and the department staff responsible for implementation. The need for drinking water is also more urgent in the south, where surface water becomes brackish for part of the year.
Costs
Conclusions
In poor villages, farmers face great difficulties to invest in water supply facilities or to pay their operating costs and here, in addition to construction, the O&M of the systems will have to be supported by the government for years to come. The only option that provides a reliable and quality water supply would be treatment plants managed by PDAM. Individual as well as municipal treatment plants require careful attention, they are consuming to operate, while the amount of water supply is limited.
Introduction
On the one hand, much depends on the community and its leadership, the expertise and experience of the agencies involved, and the complexity of the work. The community can decide to pay compensation for their efforts from the DESA resources or from collected individual contributions. In rural infrastructure works, the contractor is generally required by the authority to explain and discuss the scope of work with the community prior to commencement of construction, and to provide the community with the opportunity to participate with labor and/or supply of materials in construction. work.
Often called a KSO (Kerjasama Operational or Operational Cooperation) agreement, the agreement is signed by the contractor and a community representative or leader of the implementation team, and approved by village heads and other relevant government agencies. A community implementation team must also have proper administration, and one of the roles of a moderator is to help the team do this.
Community driven versus agency driven development
Identification of works
Their commitment to operation and maintenance of the system after completion will obviously be low. Important decisions regarding the location, scope and implementation of the work should be made at formal meetings with duly recorded meeting minutes. Gradually expand the PDAM-operated water supply systems in the southern part of the unit to include neighboring villages where water supply is problematic.
Improvements to drinking water supplies are needed, and the best option may be an expansion of PDAM operations already underway in part of the area. Access to the southern part by road is made difficult by frequent tidal flooding and the presence of the Terusan River and numerous canals.
Appointment of implementation teams
Surveys, Investigations and Designs (SID)
The contractor is obliged to use the services of the relevant P3A for part of the work via a KSO agreement. If necessary, the contractor provides guidance, materials and equipment to the P3A, the P3A carries out its part of the project, but the contractor remains responsible for the quality of the work. A joint bank account will be opened by the head of the group and the head of the District Agriculture Department, and withdrawals can only be made with the consent of both.
Standards for Drinking Water Supply
Rain-water Collection
Simple Water Treatment Installations
Treatment of Peat Water
In the case of a high iron content, the water may need to be aerated to oxidize and separate some of the iron. However, aeration is not always effective, the lower the pH value in the water, the more soluble the iron, and the less effective the aeration will be. I = South Kalimantan Peat Water II = West Kalimantan Peat Water III = Central Kalimantan Peat Water IV = Sebangau River Central Kalimantan.
Guideline on P3A development in lowlands
Diselenggarakan oleh Pembina P3A tingkat desa dan dihadiri oleh pimpinan P3A. Diselenggarakan sebulan sekali di setiap desa untuk tujuan itu. Dilakukan oleh pengawas tingkat desa dan dihadiri oleh pengurus P3A. Kompetisi P3A diselenggarakan dengan tujuan untuk mempercepat sosialisasi P3A dan merangsang peningkatan kinerja masing-masing P3A. Biaya instruktur dan peserta pelatihan - Konsumsi ringan pada pertemuan petani, - Alat peraga/alat tulis. Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa sesuai dengan usulan kegiatan OP JASIRA P3A, pihak pertama dan pihak kedua menyatakan kesepakatan yang dimaksudkan untuk dilaksanakannya OP JASIRA.