INTRODUCTION
Problem Statement
How effective are the video and text model of prompting in improving students' pronunciation accuracy at SMA 22 Makassar. How effective is the Hortatory Exposition Text video and model in improving students' vocabulary accuracy at SMA 22 Makassar.
Objective of the Study
Significance of the Study
The Scope of the Study
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Concept of Speaking
Speaking is one of the basic skills that students must master, as it is very important for them to communicate in class or outside of class. When learning to speak, most of the students face difficulties such as lack of self-confidence, shyness and silence that hinder natural communication. Speaking is a productive skill in the organs of speech to express meaning that can be observed directly and empirically.
First, productive skill refers to a person's ability to actively produce language by coordinating the speech organs such as the lips, tongue, teeth, vocal cords, larynx, pharynx, etc. Second, expressing meaning means that the purpose of producing language in verbal communication is to.
Definition of Speaking
In this research the researcher applied the pre-experimental method to improve students' speaking ability using the video clip and the text of the prescriptive exposition in the second grade classroom of SMAN 22 Makassar. The dependent variable was English speaking ability and the independent variable was the use of video clip and text of emergency exposure in the classroom. The pre-test was done in the first meeting (once) in 90 minutes to know the pronunciation and vocabulary of the students in speaking.
The description of the data collected, the video clip used, and the hortatory exposition text while speaking, as explained in the previous section, showed that the students were simulated. There is an improvement in the student's fluency in pronunciation and vocabulary after using video clips and hortatory expositions in the classroom.
Aspect of Speaking Skills
Micro Skill of Speaking
The Teaching of Speaking
- The Concept of Video Clip
They are the students' reluctance to speak and participate and the teacher's role. Allowing students to engage equally in a task without knowing who takes their turn first and who takes their turn next. English is the new language for students; it must be presented as its meaning, forms and functions.
The teacher can create an atmosphere where students can find the words to make them speak in a real situation. Most of the time, students are prepared to learn to speak within the text available in the Student's Book.
Definition of Video Clip
Richards and Renandya state that “it is better to export short (3-5 minutes) video clips thoroughly and systematically rather than playing a long sequence, which is likely to result in less active viewing by your students. Berk (2009) states in his dissertation that a short video clip can make a huge difference in the mood, motivation and attitude of students. It is clear that short video clips are more effective in the teaching learning process because the teacher can choose any part that consists of a particular language function that is being learned by the students.
For example, the students can see how information matches facial expressions and which gestures go with certain phrases. In addition, the students can also enjoy teaching learning activities that make them accept the subject matter more easily.
The Reasons of Using Video Clip
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Video Clips
- The Concept of Hortatory Exposition Text
Most students show an increased level of interest when they have a chance to see language in use as well as hear it, and when it is accompanied by interesting tasks. If all students cannot see and hear clearly, they have a hard time capturing information on video clip. The use of video clip in the teaching of speaking hortatory outline is actually intended to help students to reach and express their idea easily, because video clip gives a description about something case.
In this case, the researcher chooses the best video clip that is material related. Video clips should have good moral value to convince and motivate students to do something positive.
Definition of Hortatory Exposition Text
Then, the purpose of expository expository text is to influence and persuade readers by presenting supporting arguments. Prescriptive exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, news papers, the latter or editorials, advertisements, speeches and research reports.
Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition Text
- Conceptual Framework
- Hypothesis
Based on the above conceptual framework, the researcher teaches English learning, especially for fluency (twice), but before that, the researcher conducted the pre-test (once) to know the students' prior knowledge, then the researcher conducted the treatment (6 meetings) using video clips and hortatory exposition texts. Subsequently, the researcher conducted a (one-off) post-test to find out whether the use of video clips and hortatory exposition texts could improve students' speaking skills in pronunciation and vocabulary. Null hypothesis (H0) There is no increase between pre- and post-test results on students' English proficiency before and after using video clips and hortatory exposition texts.
Alternative hypothesis (H1) there is an increase between the result of pre-test and post-test on the students to speak English before and after using video clips and hortatory exposition text.
RESEARCH METHOD
- Research Variable
- Population and Sample
- Research Instrument
- Procedure of Colleting the Data
- The Technique of Data Analysis
The pre-test had given the knowledge of the students in the treatment, where the use of the video clip and the oratorical exposition text was applied as a method in the classroom after the implementation of the treatment, the researcher gave the post-test in the same form as in the pre-test, but on the topic of different. In this case the researcher used the instrument with pre-test as 4 pictures in arrangement and post-test 4 pictures in arrangement but with different topic. In this case the researcher prepared the video clip and the students retell their arguments based on the video clip in front of the class orally and individually based on the text structure of the horticultural exposition.
Before the researchers performed the treatment, the researcher gave a task, for example 4 pictures in a row, and the students retell the picture for 3 minutes for one student. After conducting a pre-test, the researcher applied the treatment to six meetings using the video clip given to the students via mobile phone and a hortatory exposition text model and the treatment was performed in 90 minutes with different subjects in a meeting.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
The Result of Data Analysis
Mean score and the improvement of percentage of pre-test and
Hypothesis Testing
- Discussion
This means that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results of the students. This was supported by the frequency and rate percentage of the results of the students' score of pre-test and post-test. The students' score after the students implemented to speak English, use video clip and hortatory exposition text media in individual was better than before the treatment given to the students.
Based on the result of the findings, the students score percentage in speaking before using the video clip and the imperative exhibition text, the speaking ability of the students in the second grade of SMAN 22 Makassar students, especially in grade XI A was much less. So speaking in the pre-test was less categorized with a total of 21 students (58.33) and this means that students who are very difficult to understand due to pronunciation problems, often have to be asked to repeat. So, the result can be concluded that the students in the pre-test were categorized correctly where the students often use wrong words; somewhat limited conversation due to insufficient vocabulary.
In the treatment, in the first meeting, the researcher actually found that most of the students had problems with speaking. In the second to last meeting, they tried to speak well. After some treatment, students' speaking improved in terms of pronunciation and vocabulary. The results of the posttest in the pronunciation of the expression showed that none of the 36 students received an excellent (91-100), less (51-60) and poor (X<50) speaking ability scores in the expression pronunciation.
Vocabulary speaking score of 36 students, none of them scored excellent (91-100), less (51-60) points and poor category (X<50) for speaking ability in vocabulary terms. It means that students sometimes use inappropriate terms and/or have to reformulate the idea due to lexical insufficiency. It means that there was a significant difference between horticultural exposure text in speaking with video clip and without video clip for eleventh grade students of SMAN 22 Makassar.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Suggestion
Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada. 2009).“Video-Multimedia Teaching: TV, Movies, YouTube, and mtvU in the College Classroom,” http://www.sicet.org/journals/ijttl/issue0901 /1_Berk.pdf. The use of videos to improve the speaking skills of fourth grade students of Sengon Primary School 3 (SES 3) in the academic year 2011/2012. Improving the speaking skills of students of the seventh grade of SMP N 1 MLATI, SLEMAN, Using video recordings in the academic year 2013/2014.
2013 .Improving speaking learning process in grade X of SMA 5 Yogyakarta through video clips in the academic year 2012/2013. There are many people cleaning in the street, they want to keep their environment from diseases that came from the garbage. In the picture there is a man who gets a stomach ache, it is because he does not have breakfast.
Express the meaning of short functional text in the form of a hortatory exposition text in the context of daily life and access to science. Discusses the elements and steps of rhetoric in the matter of simple monologue text in the form of Hortatory. Students perform various activities related to the discourse in the form of Hortatory exposition beyond the task of face-to-face and.
Provide prompts in the form of simple short functional oral questions with a short text in the form of a Hortatory exposition text. Providing motivation to students who are less and unable to follow the material on simple short functional questions for oral text. Students collect each piece of work in a portfolio and report what they have gained and what.
78 Sometimes uses inappropriate terms and/or has to rephrase the idea due to lexical insufficiency 14 FHADILAH EKA PUTRI 73 Often uses the wrong words;. 16 KASMAWATI 78 Sometimes uses inappropriate terms and/or has to rephrase the idea due to lexical insufficiency. 80 Sometimes uses inappropriate expressions and/or has to rephrase the idea due to lexically insufficient 29 SITI NUR JANNAH.
