A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF MEANING RELATION IN HARRIS JUNG’S SELECTED SONG LYRICS ON SALAM ALAIKUM ALBUM
A GRADUATING PAPER
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for Gaining the Bachelor’s Degree: English Literature
By:
Afuni Nur Safitri 18101050016
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ADAB AND CULTURAL SCIENCES STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN
KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA
2021
KEMENTERIAN AGAMA
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNAN KALIJAGA FAKULTAS ADAB DAN ILMU BUDAYA
Jl. Marsda Adisucipto Telp. (0274) 513949 Fax. (0274) 552883 Yogyakarta 55281
PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR
Nomor : B-523/Un.02/DA/PP.00.9/03/2022
Tugas Akhir dengan judul : A Semiotic Analysis of Meaning Relation in Harris Jung's Selected Song Lyrics on Salam Alaikum Album
yang dipersiapkan dan disusun oleh:
Nama : AFUNI NUR SAFITRI
Nomor Induk Mahasiswa 18101050016
Telah diujikan pada : Senin, 07 Februari 2022 Nilai ujian Tugas Akhir : A-
dinyatakan telah diterima oleh Fakultas Adab dan Ilmu Budaya UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta TIM UJIAN TUGAS AKHIR
Ketua Sidang
Aninda Aji Siwi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
SIGNED
Penguji I
F Fuad Arif Fudiyartanto, S.Pd.
M.Hum.,M.Ed., Ph.D.
SIGNED
Valid ID: 6230a25daa1a8
Valid ID: 620e55c98a18d
Penguji II
Dwi Margo Yuwono, M.Hum.
SIGNED
Yogyakarta, 07 Februari 2022 UIN Sunan Kalijaga Dekan Dekan Fakultas Adab dan Ilmu Budaya
Dr. Dr.Muhammad Wildan, M.A.
SIGNED
Valid ID: 623334b8e6f24
1/1 17/03/2022
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KEMENTRIAN AGAMA REPUBLIK INDONESIA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNANKALIJAGA
FAKULTAS ADAB DAN ILMU BUDAYA Jl. Marsda Adisucipto Yogyakarta 55281 Telp/Fax
(0274) 513949
Web: http://adab.uin-suka.ac.id Email: [email protected]
NOTA DINAS Hal : Skripsi
a.n. Afuni Nur Safitri Assalamualaikum wr. wb Yth
Dekan Fakultas Adab dan Ilmu Budaya UIN Sunan Kalijaga di Yogyakarta
Setelah memeriksa, meneliti, dan memberikan arahan untuk perbaikan atas skripsi Saudara:
Nama : Afuni Nur Safitri
NIM 18101050016
Prodi : Sastra Inggris
Fakultas : Adab dan Ilmu Budaya
Judul :
A Semiotic Analysis of Meaning Relation in Harris Jung’s Selected Song Lyrics on Salam Alaikum Album
Saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi tersebut sudah dapat diajukan pada sidang Munaqasyah untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjan Sastra Inggris.
Atas pertimbangannya, saya ucapkan terima kasih Wassalamualaikum wr. wb.
Yogyakarta, 29 Januari 2022 Pembimbing,
i ABSTRACT
Song lyrics have diction that contains signs as a medium for conveying meaning to the listener. That is why the song lyrics need to be analyzed and explored further so that the listeners do not mistaken about the meaning of the songs. By using the semiotics theory and qualitative method, the researcher aims to find the literal meanings and the meaning relation in the four Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics.
The research objects are the four selected lyrics of Harris Jung’s songs in his album Salam Alaikum, namely Good Life, Let Me Breath, Paradise, and You Are My Life. Based on the researcher’s observations, those Jung’s four songs have signs that need to be analyzed to find the literal meanings. Those songs also have meaning relations to each other which make the analysis more structured.
The results show that in each of the four Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics, there are the hidden meanings based on the signs analysis inside. Besides, the four selected lyrics have the meaning relations between humans and Allah as their God.
Key word: signs, song lyrics, meaning.
ii Abstrak
Lirik lagu mengandung tanda-tanda sebagai perantara penyampaian makna kepada para pendengar. Oleh karenanya, lirik lagu perlu kajian dan analisis lebih lanjut agar para pedengar tidak salah mengartikan pesan yang ada dalam lagu. Dengan menggunakan teori semiotik dan metode kualitatif, peneliti bertujuan menemukan makna sebenarnya dan relasi makna pada keempat lirik lagu pilihan Harris Jung.
Objek dari penelitian ini adalah empat lirik lagu pilihan pada Harris Jung dalam albumnya Salam Alaikum, yaitu Good Life, Let Me Breath, Paradise, and You Are My Life. Berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti, keempat lagu tersebut memiliki tanda-tanda yang perlu dianalisis dan ditemukan makna sebenarnya. Lagu-lagu tersebut juga memiliki relasi makna satu sama lain yang membuat analisis ini lebih terstuktur.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di setiap lagu dari keempat lirik lagu pilihan pada lagu Harris Jung terdapat makna tersembunyi berdasarkan analisis tanda. Selain itu, keempat lagu pilihan Harris Jung memiliki relasi maka antara manusia dan Allah sebagai Tuhan mereka.
Kata Kunci: Tanda, Lirik Lagu, Makna
iii MOTTO
The way of your struggling and believing in Allah and yourself is the key to finish anything - Afuni Nur Safitri –
iv DEDICATION This research is dedicated to:
1. Aninda Aji Siwi, S.Pd, M.Pd., as my graduating paper’s advisor. Thank you maam Aninda for always guiding me in my process doing this research, thank you for always understand my situation to complete this graduating paper. Also thank you for always having time for me to guide my research.
2. All lectures in English Department of UIN Sunan Kalijaga, thank you for all lessons that you all give to me. I really feel blessed of that.
3. My mother and my sister who always support anything about me. Thank you for your love and prays for me to through this process. I really want to finish my study soon because of you two.
Yogyakarta, January 29th 2022
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb
I want to thank to Allah, the One with full and perfect knowledge. He gives me much of knowledge, so I can share it with other people. Also I am being grateful, because of His blessings, I can finish this graduating paper entitled “A Semiotic Analysis in Harris Jung’s Selected Song Lyrics on Salam Alaikum Album”
At this moment, I am going to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Dr. Muhammad Wildan, M.A., the Dean of faculty of Adab and Cultural Sciences, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalikaga Yogyakarta.
2. Ulyati Retno Sari, M.Hum, as the Head of English Department.
3. Dr. Ubaidillah, M.Hum, as my academic advisor. Thank you for your guiding during my study at English Departmenet, sir.
4. Aninda Aji Siwi, S.Pd.,M.Pd, as my graduating paper’s advisor, thank you for guiding and supporting my process to complete this graduating paper.
5. All lectures of English Department who had given me much of knowledge and experiences.
6. My family, especially my mother and my sister who support and always pray for my goodness.
7. Ms Nico and Ms Ruli as my teaching partner at Orange Class, thank you for all your loves, empathy, suggestion, and anything that you both did as my second mother in the place I work. Meet with you is the best gift ever.
8. All teachers at the school I work, playgroup and kindergarten Budi Mulia Dua Seturan.
I want to say thank you for all your kindness and support, and for accepting me to work there while I am not already graduate at my bachelor degree.
9. All my students at orange class, Abim, Naka, Fattah, Khaleef, Keke, Zil, Sofia, Cia,
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Navya, Zaidan, Pandu, Fatih, Aim, Shaka, Yusuf, Nabil, Arkana, and Tira who always being my mood booster to start my day. Thank you kids for your warm and honest loves, that’s really mean so much for me.
10. My partner for doing this research, Alya Nur Atifa. Kindly thanks for you who always support and bring the sprit to finish our research as soon as possible. Thank you for your ears and time to hear my tragic story, that’s really mean something for me.
Actually I don’t know if I don’t have you as partner, maybe my study didn’t finish yet.
So having you as friend and partner is really something big and need to be grateful for me. Thank you alyaa.
11. My closest friend during the class in English Department, Anisa, Fasa, Risa, Siti. Thank you for the opportunity to have you all as my friends. Thank you for the happy time that we spend together, and also thank you for your support during our class together.
12. My great friends at English Department, Fitri Yuliana, Irfa, Mitha, thank you for all your loves and always be with me when I was down. Thank you for the time we spend together, and your support to face the problems.
13. My KKN’s friends, Fidya, Aulia, Ibnu, thank you for all your kindness and sympathy.
Thank you for being with me when I was need someone to talk, thank you for ever caring me as someone that you don’t know before. And for the least my KKN’s friends, thank you for our togetherness guys. Knowing you as friends is really great and need to be grateful.
14. My healing friend, Iffa and Nisa, thank you for bringing me to the place that I don’t know before to release my stress. Also thank you for hearing and be with me when I was in problems.
15. Mbak Izza and mbak Epi as my neighbor, thank you for caring me as your little sister.
Your love and support mean big for me.
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16. All my friends in English Department, thank you for our togetherness.
Wassalamualaikum Wr.Wb
Yogyakarta, January 29th 2022 The Researcher
Afuni Nur Safitri Student ID. 18101050016
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ... I MOTTO ... III DEDICATION... IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... V TABLE OF CONTENTS ... VIII LIST OF APPENDICES ... X
CHAPTER I ... 1
INTRODUCTION... 1
1.1 Background Of Study ... 1
1.2 Research Questions ... 6
1.3 Objective Of StudY ... 6
1.4 Significance Of Study ... 7
1.5 Scope Of Study ... 7
1.6 Literature Review ... 8
1.7 Theoretical Approach ... 10
1.8 Method Of Research ... 13
1.9 Paper Organization ... 15
CHAPTER II ... 16
THEORETICAL APPROACH ... 16
2.1 Semiotics ... 16
2.2 Semiotics Ferdinand De Saussure ... 19
2.3 Semiotics Roland Barthes ... 23
2.4 The Relation Between Semiotics By Ferdinand De Saussure And Semiotics By Roland Barthes ... 26
CHAPTER III ... 28
RESEARH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 28
3.1 Finding ... 28
3.2 Discussion ... 30
3.2.1 Research Question 1: ... 30
3.2.2 Good Life ... 30
3.2.3 Let Me Breath ... 32
3.2.4 Paradise ... 36
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3.2.5 You Are My Life ... 39
3.2.6 Research Question 2: ... 43
CHAPTER IV... 49
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 49
4.1 Conclusion ... 49
4.2 Suggestion ... 51
REFERENCES ... 53
LIST OF APPENDICES ... 57
CURRICULUM VITAE ... 71
x
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Good Life Song Lyrics ... 57
Appendix 2 Let Me Breath Song Lyrics ... 61
Appendix 3 Paradise Song Lyrics ... 64
Appendix 4 You Are My Life Song Lyrics ... 69
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. 1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Music or song is one of literary works that has a big role in human life.
According to the Oxford dictionary (Oxford, 2005), music has rhythm, melody, and harmony that uses some instruments or sounds to produce a good result in music or song. Music is the combination of melody and beautiful lyrical music that is fused and has a message or value for the listeners. Usually, when the listeners listen to all kinds of music, they get the emotion that suits with the melody and the lyrics of the song.
Song lyrics are written by the songwriter by using beautiful and best diction to describe the meaning that wants to deliver to the listeners. Because knowing the real meaning of the song lyrics the listeners will more enjoy listening to the song. Song lyrics can also be the opinions, the messages, and the arguments of the songwriter. So, understanding the whole meaning of the song lyrics is really important to make the listeners enjoy listening to the song.
Meaning is something important as the reason for the existence of the song lyrics because it consists of a message that wants to deliver through the song. Usually, in song lyrics the writer wants to express the main reason of why he created the song. Meaning is the messages that are sent and received in the form of words, symbol or sign (Tommy Suprapto, 2009). Meaning is something important in the song lyrics to make the listeners understand the message of the song. Arif Bahtiar (2018), as cited in Chaer, quoted that meaning is the essential part of communication. Saussure argued that meaning is the understanding or some concepts which are possessed by a linguistics sign (1994, p. 286). Understanding the song lyrics is really important for the listeners to know the real message from the writer and to avoid the misunderstanding of the
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meaning both for the writer and the listeners. However, most of the listeners are still not able to understand the meaning of the song lyrics because the songwriter uses extraordinary or figurative language in the lyrics. . For some kinds of music, the songwriter sometimes finds it hard to deliver the meaning of the song to the listeners well because the melody of this kind of music is hard and fast, such as in jazz and rock.
This thing happens because most of the listeners to this kind of music usually only enjoy the melody that exists in the song and ignore the lyrics that are delivered in the song.
So, the error in understanding meaning of the song lyrics will happen and make the message from the songwriter not well-received by the listeners, and they miss out on knowing the real meaning of the song.
Because of that, some analysis is needed to avoid the misunderstanding meaning and to know the real meaning that is delivered by the writer in his song lyrics. This analysis uses some theories to find the song writer's meaning through his song lyrics to make a better understanding for the listeners. One of the theories that is used to analyze this problem is called semiotics analysis. Semiotics is the study of sign analysis that is used to know the meaning of the picture, literature product, song lyrics, or advertisement that has a sign to find the real meaning from the songwriter. This study helps the analysis of meaning in those kinds of literature products based on signs that exist as the media for the songwriter to deliver the song’s meaning.
According to (Sobur, 2013 p. 15), sign is a tool that is used to find the way in a particular condition. While Van Zoest (Van Zoest, 1996 p. 5) argued that semiotic is the study of sign and anything that has relation with it, both about the function and the relation with the other word. In the language system, there are many signs that should be analyzed to find the meaning. This usually happens in the literary product that uses some figurative language or hard diction, so the readers or participants should conclude
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the meaning by their own perception. In semiotics study, there is any way to analyze and find the meaning in a language system. Such as in analyzing song lyrics, there are three ways to analyze the meaning by using semiotics study. First, by using the music elements as the icon of neurology symptoms that happen to most of the listeners and connect it to the biology rhythm. Second, by using music as structural symptoms in the world of imagination. Third is to find the music denotatum to another way of opinion or feeling that appears in the music through indexical (Sobur, 2004 pp. 144-145). Sign or symbol in song lyrics is necessary as the media to find the real meaning in semiotics analysis because it delivers the expression of the lyrics.
Despite the definition, semiotics analysis was also developed by Swiss linguist, Ferdinand de Saussure. According to Saussure, languages have signs that consist of two parts, there are signifier and signified. Sign is the combination of signifier and the idea of signified that exist together in the language system. To simplify, it can be concluded that sign is the material aspect of language, over what is said, heard, written, and read as the concept or idea of the language system (Bertens, 2001 p. 180 in Sobur, 2013 p.
46). Saussure combines two elements to create the sign, there are signifier and signified that can never be separated as the concept of the language. Signifier is the sound or the lyrics (in meaning of the song lyrics analysis) while signified is the idea or concept of the signifier. That is why these two semiotics concept cannot be separated because they are connected to each other. Another expert that also has an argument on semiotics theory is Roland Barthes. He is one of linguists that developed Saussure’s semiotic perspective. According to Barthes, semiotics analysis does not only analyze signs (include signified and signifier), but it also has another meaning that exists in the language system called metaphor, denotation and connotation meaning. This argument is the development of sign analysis in Saussure’s semiotics perspective to make it more
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critical and complete. So, these two theories are actually connected to each other and should be used together to analyze any objective problem.
In this paper, the researcher wants to analyze the semiotics meaning in song lyrics. According to Dallin (1994) “lyrics are written as a form of interaction between the writer and the listeners. Most of the time, they carry a message with the purpose to motivate the listeners. Such as purposes and interaction that are embedded in the cultural context of people according to their musical preferences of time. The writer or the author always has some purposes or messages that they want to deliver to their listeners through the song lyrics. Song lyrics are melodically poem that are written by the poet, musician, or composer. Song lyrics are usually written based on the experience or background of the author or composer to make the valuable meaning or to deliver some useful messages to the listeners. Song lyrics also contain the arguments, feelings, or opinions of the author.
The researcher is interested in analyzing the meaning in song lyrics to discover the meaning that is delivered by the songwriter through his lyrics by using semiotics analysis and analyzing the song lyrics with signified and signifier. People struggle to understand the real message from the songwriter through his song lyrics and just guess the meaning themselves without any theory or further analysis. Therefore, the researcher analyzes the meaning by using semiotics study to discover the meaning that is delivered by the songwriter or maybe being the exact meaning of the song lyrics.
In this paper, the researcher analyzes the semiotics meaning in Harris Jung’s song lyrics. According to thefamouspeople.com, Harris Jung or known as Harris J is a young British singer. He is most known for singing many Islamic songs in English.
Harris Jung was born in London in a deeply religious family. He has been singing since he was a child for any kind of song. In 2013, he joined the social media-powered
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Awakening Talent Contest and won the contest. After his first performance, he signed to Awakening Records to be a singer and a song producer. In August 2015, he released his first song entitled “Salam Alaikum” as his debut song. One year after he released his first song, he also released 11 other songs, there are Good Life, Rasool Allah, I Promise, Worth It, Love Who You Are, Eid Mubarok, Let Me Breath, Paradise, My Hero, and You are My Life in one album by the name “Salam Alaikum” which describes A Message Through Salaam Reads. This album is famous around the world because having a good melody and a good message for Moslem inside.
Most of Harris Jung’s songs are known as songs that have deep meanings inside with the relationship between people and Allah as their God. It seems like he really wants the listeners to listen and understand well the message in his songs as the Islamic motivation in their life. As a young singer, it feels really hard to deliver something that has a big meaning to the listeners through his songs. The meanings of his song lyrics mostly have something that really deliver good impacts for people who listen to all his songs. This is really something that makes many people want to analyze more about the meaning or message in Harris Jung’s song lyrics to find the exact meaning that will be understood well by most people who listen to his songs. Because of these reasons, the researcher is interested to observe the meaning of Harris Jung’s song lyrics to help the listeners know well about the exact message that he wants to deliver through his songs to avoid misunderstanding meaning between the writer and the listeners. The researcher also wants to analyze more about the meaning relation between Harris Jung’s selected songs in this paper to find some similarities of the meaning or the message inside.
The researcher only selects four songs from the whole Harris Jung’s songs.
Those songs are “Good Life, Let Me Breathe, Paradise and You are My Life”.
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According to the researcher's observation, those four of Harris J’s songs still have hidden meanings that need further analysis to find the exact message that he wants to deliver. The researcher selects those songs because they are different from Harris Jung’s other songs that mostly have easy meanings to understand and do not use hard diction, figurative language, and many signs as the materials that should be analyzed in this paper. Not only that, the researcher also finds that those four selected songs have related meaning to each other that explain the relation and faith between the writer to his God (Allah) in order to finish their problems that are not found in other Harris Jung’s songs.
Many listeners said that Harris Jung’s lyrics have many messages that they want to deliver to the listeners. Many listeners of Harris Jung’s songs said that his song has a deep meaning. Because of this problem, the researcher wants to analyze the relation of between those four Harris Jung’s song lyrics by using Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes semiotics analysis theory to find the exact and the meaning relation between those Harris Jung’s four songs.
1. 2RESEARCH QUESTIONS
According to the background study of this paper, the research problems are:
a. What is the hidden meaning of the four of Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics according to Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes’ semiotics perspective?
b. How is the meaning relation of four of Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics according to Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes’ semiotics perspective?
1. 3 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
Based on the research problems of this paper, so the objectives of study of this research are:
a. To know and explain the meaning that is probably being the exact meaning of the writer that wants to be delivered to his listeners based on Ferdinand De
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Saussure and Roland Barthes’ semiotics aspects that exist in the four Harris Jung’s selected songs.
b. To know the relation of meaning in the form of relationship between Allah as God and people as Moslems in four of Harris Jung’s selected songs based on semiotics analysis of Ferdinand De Saussure and Roland Barthes.
1. 4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
There are two significances of study that become the purposes of this research.
The first is the theoretical advantage that is expected give more information about the scope in English Literature study, particularly about semiotics. The second is the practical advantage that is hoped to give a description of the message or meaning in Harris Jung’s song lyrics and the relation to each other. Through this research, the researcher can give particular knowledge for some sides, such as musician and music producer as the reference to make and create better music especially in the meaning delivered containing the lyrics by using semiotics analysis method.
1. 5 SCOPE OF STUDY
The researcher only focuses on the meaning and message analysis that are delivered by the writer through his song lyrics by using Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes semiotics analysis method. These theories help the researcher to find the message or meaning that is delivered by the writer to his listeners to avoid misunderstanding of the meaning in the song lyrics. As the limit, the researcher investigates the signified and signifier and also the mythology, connotation, and denotation meanings that exist in four of Harris Jung’s song lyrics and the meaning relation of those four songs to each other that are developed from the analysis result. In addition, the researcher does not inspect the writer nor the historical background of Harris Jung’s songs and only focuses on the song lyrics that need further analysis to
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find the exact meaning that is delivered by the writer to his listeners through Ferdinand de Saussure’s semiotics analysis.
1. 6 LITERATURE REVIEW
There are many previous researches related to this research, both in the research of the same object or in the same theory. In this research, the researcher uses some references from previous researches that are related to problem and theory and have similarities and differences between those researches and this research. The first research is graduating paper entitled “A Semiotic Analysis on Icons, Indexes, and Symbols of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) in Sia’s The Greatest Music Video. This research is written by Alvin Rizay Nabilah from Pamulang University in 2017. This research uses a qualitative approach and uses the theory of icons from Danesi (2004), the theory of index from Sebeok (2001), and the theory of symbol from Fiske (2002). Some results that are found in this research are icon, indexes, and symbols associated with LGBT people in Sia’s The Greatest Music Video in society especially to the shooting attack in Orlando gay nightclub.
The second research is a graduating paper entitled “A Contextual Meaning Analysis of One Republic Songs Lyric Counting Stars and Apologize” by Arif Bahtiar from State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga in 2018 that studies about the contextual meaning in the One Republic’s Song Lyrics. In his research, he uses the theory of contextual meaning by Pateda. The results of this research are consist of twenty six lyrics which stand from word, phrase, and sentence that have contextual meaning of One Republic’s selected song lyrics.
The third research is a journal entitled “A Semiotic Analysis in Music Video of Naughty Boy’s La La La”. This journal is written by Dimas Anugrah Satya in 2018.
This research uses the descriptive qualitative method and uses semiotics theory from
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Roland Barthes. The results of this research show that the semiotic signs portrayed in this music video are visual signs realized in the boy travelling images and verbal signs realized in the lyrics portraying rebellion words. The meaning that is found in semiotic signs realized in this research is the denotation meaning of the journeying boy who invites a dog, the connotation meaning is the boy as the main character conveying the ideology of disobedience, and the myth realized in this music video is symbolized by the boy seeking followers to fight demon or devil.
The fourth research is a graduating paper by Mahardika Reza Lesmana entitled
“Love in The Beatles Selected Song Lyrics” from the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim in 2018. This research uses a qualitative approach and uses Riffatere semiotic theory. The results of this research indicate that the signs of love found in The Beatles are honey, go with him, honey pie, sun and I want to hold your hand. From all poetic signs found by the researcher, all of them represent the complexity of love experienced by human beings.
The fifth reference is a graduating paper written by Ika Ramadhani from the State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (2019) entitled “The Language Style in Selected Sami Yusuf’s Song Lyrics on Without You Album” .In her research, she observes the language style that exists in the Sami Yusuf’s song lyrics by using descriptive qualitative method and theory of language style by Henry Guntur Tarigan.
The results of this research are consist 45 data and 3 types of language style in Sami Yusuf’s song lyrics on Without You Album.
The last research is a graduating paper entitled “An Analysis of Metaphor Used in Harris Jung’s Selected Songs. This research is written by Luthfi Bahrul Anwari from the State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga in 2019. This research uses semiotics theory. The object of this research is Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics. Some results of
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this research are consist of 12 metaphorical cases in the songs consisting of one anthropomorphic metaphor and 11 from concrete to abstract metaphors. The formed concrete to an abstract metaphor found in Harris Jung selected songs indicate that the author wants to illustrate what God does and prove that God exists.
Because of the same object and theory analysis that are found in the previous research, the researcher chooses those references as the main references to help the analysis of this paper to make it more structured and be well-responded. Even though there are many differences between those references with this research, such as the difference of object and theory of analysis. The relevancy between the previous researches with this research is the usage of same analysis object and semiotic theory.
While the differences between this research with the previous researches are some references which is only analyze the signs that exist in the song lyrics (both in Harris Jung’s songs or others), but this research also analyze the meaning behind the sign to completed the previous analysis. This research also do the sign analysis to find out the hidden meaning using two relate able semiotic theory, there are semiotic by Ferdinand De Saussure and semiotic by Roland Barthes. The researcher also makes the difference in this research by doing the meaning’s relation analysis in the selected song lyrics that used as the analysis object in this research. With the help of those main references, the researcher hopes that this paper will complete the previous researches by get more specific results as the relevancy with the previous researches.
1. 7 THEORETICAL APPROACH
In this research, the researcher uses Ferdinand de Saussure semiotics analysis that is combined with Roland Barthes’ semiotics analysis to find the problems that will be observed in this paper. Semiotics is one of the meaning theories that studies the meaning reversed of some objects or phenomenon, such as fiction product, painting,
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video, movie scene, a move, a particular people condition, etc. There are many experts that bring up some definitions of semiotics. Two of them are the branches of semiotic that were created by Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes. Ferdinand de Saussure is known as one of the linguists who found and created many linguistics theories that are used to find some problems in the language system. One of those theories that is still used now is the semiotics theory. According to Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913), semiotics is the study that explains sign role in the language system. Saussure argued that language is the example of sign systems that later form and have meaning inside.
There are two systems that exist and being the main element in the sign system, signifier and signified. Signifier is the material aspects that exist in a language system, related to what is said, what is heard, what is written, and what is seen in a particular phenomenon or object study. This form could be a word, image, or sound. While signified is a general concept or the idea that exists in a language system (Bertens, 2001 p. 180 in Sobur, 2013 p. 46)
According to Roland Barthes, semiotics is a study or analysis method used to study and find the meaning of objective problems. According to Barthes (Barthes, 1988 p. 179) the denotation meaning of object analysis does not only have information in its purpose of communication, but it also has a structured system from the sign. Barthes’
semiotics analysis is the development from Ferdinand de Saussure’s semiotics theory, this causes two of them then have relation to each other. In Saussure's semiotics perspective, he only focused on sign problems in the language system, but in Barthes’s semiotics perspective, he argued that sign systems (including signified and signifier) also have metaphor and connotation meanings. In Barthes’s semiotics perspective, the significant becomes an expression and is symbolized as (E) while signify becomes content and is symbolized as (C). Two of them should have a relation to each other that
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symbolizes (R) to create a complete sign system in the language. This relational concept is the difference between Saussure and Barthes’ semiotics perspective because it is more critical and complex to find the meaning in the objective problems.
People usually use sign to communicate and then send it to the people they talked to in form of the object that needs to be interpreted under the aim of getting the meaning or the message from the speaker. For example, when someone says the word
“Ah!” (signifier) when they fall, this can be interpreted they are in pain (signified). This example proves that two of those sign elements are related to each other to make and create a meaning that could be understood well by the speaker partner. This relation is then understood as the element of Barthes’s semiotics concept to find the meaning.
Saussure argued that to understand the meaning, the language should be seen as something synchronized and coherent to each other because the relation between the meaning system and the sign that exists in the language could create the perfect meaning to be understood well and correctly (Sobur, 2016 p. 44). This perspective really suits with Barthes’s perspective, so that their semiotics theory could have a relation to each other.
At least, there are two signs that should exist in the language system. According to Saussure, there are primordial characteristics of linear and arbitrary (Budiman, 1999 p. 38). According to Saussure, sign is something important because it is the concrete manifestation from the concept of sound that is identified as a signifier. In other words, there will be found the concept of sound or the main concept of language in the two systems of language, signifier and signified. The language concept in the Saussure’s study said that the element that is really important is the signifier and signified in the scope of the language concept. A signifier will mean nothing if there is no signified inside because two of them are really connected to each other to create meaning in the
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language system. Because of that, Saussure’s view about semiotics is not loose from the relation with signifier or signified.
In this research, the researcher uses the research objects from four of Harris Jung’s song lyrics, there are: Good Life, Let Me Breathe, Paradise and You are My Life. To find and explain the problems above, the researcher uses Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes’ semiotics analysis. The researcher chooses these theories because these theories analyze the sign and the meaning that can describe a condition, opinion, feeling, and idea about something that becomes the exact meaning of the analysis object constructed by using words. Fundamentally, semiotics is a study of how people understand things. The idea of semiotics by Ferdinand de Saussure and Roland Barthes become the references because those studies explain about word formation that creates some meaning through signified and signifier and can be understood well by the readers or the listeners (if the communication object is a song).
1. 8 METHOD OF RESEARCH 1.8.1 Type of Research
In this research, the researcher uses a qualitative method. Based in Creswell ( 2013, p. 4) qualitative method is research for exploring and understanding the meaning of individuals or groups to assume problems of social or human life. The reason why the researcher uses qualitative approach as type of this research is because this research analyzes and aims to find the hidden meaning from the object commonly used in social or human life. Qualitative research is research that collects data from the conversational method. This type of research is based on words, feelings, emotions, sounds, and other non-numerical elements (Creswell, 2013).
1.8.2 Data Source
The researcher uses Harris Jung’s song lyrics as the data in this research. The
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researcher only selects four of Harris Jung’s Salam Alaikum album as the data in this research. Those songs are, Good Life, Let Me Breathe, Paradise and You are My Life.
The researcher gets all the data from the internet:
https://www.musicmatch.com/album/Harris-J/Salam-2 1.8.3 Data Collecting Technique
Data can be obtained from observations, interviews, documents, and visual material (cited from Luthfi Bahrul Anwari, 2019 as quoted from Creswell, 2013 p. 266).
The researcher uses documentation techniques to collect data because this research focuses on the text and content analysis. The researcher also uses library research documents that relate to the data of the research.
1.8.4 Data Analysis Technique
The researcher uses a descriptive approach and identifies method as the technical analysis in this research. As cited in Luthfi Bahrul Anwari, (2019) that is cited in Zaim (2014 p. 98) identify method is a method for determining the identity of certain lingual units by using determinants outside of the language. The data in this research are taken from the song lyrics and analyzed descriptively. The analysis and the collecting data of this research are done together that make the research’s analysis being more inductive. The researcher collects data, then analyzes them in several steps. The researcher analyzes the data by following some steps, there are:
1. Reading Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics (that are used in this research) from the internet (https://www.musicmatch.com/album/Harris-J/Salam-2)
2. Analyzing one by one Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics (that are used in this research) by using Ferdinand De Saussure’s semiotics theory to find signs that exist in the song lyrics.
3. Analyzing one by one Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics (that are used in this
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research) by using Roland Barthes’ semiotic theory to find connotation, denotation, and myth that exist in the song lyrics.
4. Combining and mixing the results of the analysis of sign, connotation, denotation, and myth to find the hidden meaning that has a relationship between people and Allah as their God.
5. Analyzing the meaning relation between four of Harris Jung’s selected songs to know the same message of each other in the problem of the relation between people and Allah as their God.
6. Writing the conclusion.
1. 9 PAPER ORGANIZATION
This graduation paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is introduction, it consists of a background of study that explains the reasons why the researcher chooses the object and theories, research questions that mention two problems that need to be analyzed in this research, the objective of the study that explains brief reasons about why the researcher chooses the problem statements, significance of study that consists of the advantage that will be gained in this research, the scope of study that explains the limitation of the research, literature review that consists of several previous references that used in this research, a theoretical approach that explains brief theories that used in this research, method of research that explains about the method and technique that are used in this research. It consists of the type of research, data source, data collecting technique, and data analysis technique, and paper organization. The second chapter is a theoretical approach that explains the detailed theories in this research. The third chapter is discussion of the hidden meaning and the meaning relation in Harris Jung’s selected songs. The last chapter is the conclusion that consists of conclusions and suggestion.
49 CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
In this last chapter of this final paper, the researcher delivers some conclusions that are found as the result and the answer of this research that are already analyzed and some suggestions based on the result of this research. Generally, the researcher concludes that in the four Harris Jung’s selected songs exist signs, including signifier and signified and also exist signs that could analyze in the scope of denotation, connotation, and mythology meaning. The second general conclusion is, there is exist meaning relation between the four Harris Jung’s selected songs in the relationship between God (Allah) and His ummat (Muslims) that conclude based Ferdinand De Saussure and Roland Barthes’s semiotic perspective (in the first research problem analysis). The researcher also gives two suggestion for the institution and for the next researcher.
CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis result from this final paper object, the researcher concludes that in the four Harris Jung’s selected songs, there are signs, including signifier and signified and also signs that can be analyzed in the scope of denotation, connotation, and mythology meaning. Here is the conclusion of first research question of this research (what is the hidden meaning of the four Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics based on Saussure’s and Barthes’s semiotics perspective):
• Good Life song lyrics: how grateful the author to have the beautiful and great life even that is not a perfect life , but he enjoys and is comfortable about that
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because he gets all he needs in his life.
• Let Me Breath song lyrics: the author who dreams big about paradise and will do anything to achieve that in the end of his life. He knows that to achieve paradise is really hard, but he believes that he can do that by doing many efforts in his life.
• Paradise song lyrics: the author who dreams big about paradise and will do anything to achieve that in the end of his life. He knows that to achieve paradise is really hard, but he believes he can do that by doing many efforts in his life.
• You Are My Life song lyrics: how Allah becomes the spirit for the author’s life. It is about how Allah always makes him alive and precious. He feels like if he is lost, he cannot find anything but Allah, Allah is One of his importance in life. Because Allah is the reason why we exist, why we live, and why we should die.
From the second problem statement from this research (how is the meaning relation between four Harris Jung’s selected song lyrics based on Saussure’s and Barthes’s semiotics perspective), it can be concluded that the meaning relation of four Harris Jung’s selected songs is the author really grateful for the life that Allah gives to him, he also regard Allah as the One source and light in his life, but he needs a little space to make his own decisions in his life, so he can achieve paradise as the final destination and aim for his worldly life.
For the detail meaning relation of four Harris Jung’s selected songs are below:
• Good Life – Let Me Breath: the author being grateful for his good life but he needs a little space to live his own life without Allah’s control.
• Good Life – Paradise: to achieve paradise, all Muslims should have good life (never do something forbidden)
• Good Life - You Are My Life: the author regards Allah as the Only One source in his
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life, so that he can have a good life.
• Let Me Breath – Paradise: to achieve paradise, Muslims should have their own struggle in the world without Allah’s help.
• Let Me Breath – You Are My Life: however the author needs a little space from Allah, he still regards Allah as the Only One source in his life.
• Paradise-You Are My Life: regarding Allah as the Only One God and the Only that we need is something important as the struggle to achieve paradise
SUGGESTION
Based on the analysis result from the object of this final paper, the researcher wants to give some suggestions for the institution and the next researchers, such as:
1. For the institution
As explained before, meaning analysis using semiotics theory is something important as the way to find the hidden meaning behind a literature product. In this graduating paper, the research object is Harris Jung’s songs that consist of some figurative language and diction that have hidden meaning inside. The research result relates the hidden meaning in the four Harris Jung’s selected songs is found some hidden meanings used Ferdinand De Saussure and Roland Barthes’s semiotic theory. Also, for the meaning relation analysis in the four Harris Jung’s selected songs, the researcher has explained in detailed and connected it to each other based on signifier and signified analysis that is already explained before. However, there are found some dictions that are a little hard to understand and the hidden meaning inside because it uses unusual diction.
For example: in the song lyric Paradise verse VI, it mentions Jae Deen as imagery of person who really wants to achieve paradise. In this case, it is a bit
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hard for the researcher to reduce the hidden meaning that exists in that song lyrics sign.
2. For the next researcher
a. There are some suggestions that need to be noticed by the next researchers who are interested in doing the same research on the hidden meaning and meaning relation between one song to others by using the theories from Saussure or Barthes, such as: . The next researcher is expected to analyze more sources related to semiotics analysis in the song lyrics by using Ferdinand De Saussure and Roland Barthes’ semiotics perspective to make the research result better
and more complete than this research. The next researcher is expected to understand more about the Ferdinand De Saussure and Roland Barthes’ semiotics concept analysis either in general or in particular to make the analysis more valid and proved. The next researcher is expected to analyze and understand more examples for semiotics analysis with the song lyrics because the references explaining the same thing as this paper are limited in order to make the result better and more complete.
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