Name: Linda Aulia Hia Aspara
Exercise 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology: Activity 3: The Effect of Stimulus Frequency on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Lab Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.
1. During a single twitch of a skeletal muscle
You correctly answered: b. maximal force is never achieved.
2. When a skeletal muscle is repetitively stimulated, twitches can overlap each other and result in a stronger muscle contraction than a stand-alone twitch. This phenomenon is known as
You correctly answered: c. wave summation.
3. Wave summation is achieved by
You correctly answered: a. increasing the stimulus frequency (the rate of stimulus delivery to the muscle).
4. Wave summation increases the force produced in the muscle. Another way to increase the force produced by a muscle is to
You correctly answered: d. increase the number of activated motor units.
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04/14/23 page 2 Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question 1: As the stimulus frequency increases, what will happen to the muscle force generated with each successive stimulus? Will there be a limit to this response?
Your answer : b. As the stimulus frequency increases, the muscle force generated by each successive stimulus will increase. There will be a limit to this increase.
Predict Question 2: In order to produce sustained muscle contractions with an active force value of 5.2 grams, do you think you will need to increase the stimulus voltage?
Your answer : b. no Stop & Think Questions:
Was there any change in the force generated by the muscle during the second stimulated twitch?
You correctly answered: c. Yes, the second twitch generated more muscle force.
Is the total muscle force generated by the higher frequency stimulation greater than the force generated in previous stimulations?
You correctly answered: a. Yes, it is greater than the previous stimulations.
Does the force generated by the muscle change with each additional stimulus?
You did not answer this question.
Correct answer: b. As the stimulus frequency increased, the muscle tension generated by each successive stimulus also increased, and a limiting maximum value was observed.
Experiment Data:
Voltage Length Stimulus Active Force Passive Force Total Force
8.5 75 Single 1.83 0.0 1.83
8.5 75 Single 2.42 0.0 2.42
8.5 75 Single 2.45 0.0 2.45
8.5 75 Multiple 4.03 0.0 4.03
10 75 Multiple 4.03 0.0 4.03
8.5 75 Multiple 5.21 0.0 5.21
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04/14/23 page 5 Post-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.
1. Which of the following is not one of the ways that the body can increase the force produced by a skeletal muscle?
You correctly answered: d. application of higher voltages to the whole muscle
2. When a muscle receives a stimulus frequency that causes non-overlapping twitches to follow each other closely in time such that the peak tension of each twitch rises in a stepwise fashion up to a plateau value, the result is known as
You correctly answered: c. treppe.
3. In this experiment the isolated skeletal muscle was repetitively stimulated such that individual twitches overlapped with each other and resulted in a stronger muscle contraction than a standalone twitch. This phenomenon is known as
You correctly answered: c. wave summation.
4. Wave summation is achieved by
You correctly answered: a. increasing the rate of stimulus delivery (frequency) to the muscle.
04/14/23 page 6 Review Sheet Results
1. What is the difference between stimulus intensity and stimulus frequency?
Your answer:
A. intensitas stimulus : merupakan jumlah kekuatan yang dihasilkan untuk memberikan rangsangan.
B. frekuensi stimulus : merupakan laju stimulus yang diberikan pada otot.
2. In this experiment you observed the effect of stimulating the isolated skeletal muscle multiple times in a short period with complete relaxation between the stimuli. Describe the force of contraction with each subsequent stimulus. Are these results called treppe or wave summation?
Your answer:
hasil tersebut disebut 'treppe'. dimana ketika otot rangka yang dirangsang beberapa kali dalam waktu yang singkat akan menghasilkan peningkatan kekuatan kontraksi.
3. How did the frequency of stimulation affect the amount of force generated by the isolated skeletal muscle when the frequency of stimulation was increased such that the muscle twitches did not fully relax between subsequent stimuli? Are these results called treppe or wave summation? How well did the results compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
kekuatan total yang dihasilkan oleh otot rangka akan meningkat apabila frekuensi rangsangan juga meningkat. itu yang disebut dengan gelombang penjumlahan.
4. To achieve an active force of 5.2 g, did you have to increase the stimulus voltage above 8.5 volts? If not, how did you achieve an active force of 5.2 g? How well did the results compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
tidak perlu, untuk mencapai jumlah 5.20 tidak perlu menaikan jumlah tegangan, yang diperlukan yaitu stimulus yang berturut-turut atau meningkatkan frekuensi rangsangan, setelah saya mencoba berkali kali yang dimana hasil yang selalu saya dapatkan bernilai disekitar 5.20 , saya pun memilih dimana nilai yang saya dapatkan tidak kurang dari 5.20 akan tetapi menyentuk angka 5.20 walaupun lebih 1, yaitu pada nilai 5.21
5. Compare and contrast frequency-dependent wave summation with motor unit recruitment (previously observed by increasing the stimulus voltage). How are they similar? How was each achieved in the experiment? Explain how each is achieved in vivo.
Your answer:
penjumlahan gelombang dapat melepaskan lebih banyak kalsium dan juga meningkatkan kekuatan kontraksi. akan tetapi, perekruran menggunakan beberapa unit motorik untuk meningkatkan kekuatan kontraksi. tidak seperti pada penjumlahan gelombang, tidak ada lagi ion kalsium yang ditambahkan.
