I
17 October, 2023
GROUP 3
INDONESIAN VERNACULAR
ARCHITECTURE & THERMAL COMFORT
RT
Carol Esra
Freja Toft Jason
BATAK BOLON TRADITIONAL HOUSE
Traditional house of the Batak tribe in Indonesia.
bolon house originates from North Sumatra. Bolon house is a symbol of the identity of the Batak people living in North Sumatra. In ancient times, the Bolon house was the residence of 13 kings who lived in
North Sumatra. Currently, there are not too many Bolon houses, so some types of Bolon houses are even difficult to find.
BOLON HOUSE
ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE OF SIMALUNGUN
CULTURE
The Toba Batak tribe is famous for its wedding rituals.
Weddings are usually held in
the yard of the Bolon Batak
House attended by traditional
leaders, parhata, Tulang and
without them the wedding
event will not continue.
This house is divided into two parts, namely Jabu Parsakitan and Jabu Bolon.
Jabu parsakitan is a place to store goods. This place is also sometimes used as a place for discussions
related to traditional matters.
Jabu Bolon is the home of a large family. This house has no partitions or rooms so the family lives and
sleeps together.
JABU BONG
TAMPAR PIRING
JABU SODING
JABU SUHAT
The room is divided into 4 parts, namely:
1. Jabu Bong or the back room in the right corner. The Jabu Bong room is specifically for the family of the head of the house.
2. Jabu Soding which is in the left
corner opposite Jabu Bong, The Jabu Soding room is specifically for girls who are married but do not have children.
3. Jabu Suhat room which is in the
front left corner, The Jabu Suhat room is specifically for married eldest sons.
4. Tampar piring room which is next to Jabu Suhat, The tampar piring is a
room for guests.
ELEMENTS OF THE HOUSE
On the outer wall there is a distinctive carving called a gorga which is believed to ward off
evil
On the right wall there are two gongs and if the king's child is born a daughter, these
gongs are hammered in even numbers. On the other hand, when a son is born, the rifle used for traditional ceremonies is stored slightly inwards and is fired in odd numbers.
RT
The roofs of traditional Batak houses come from palm fiber or palm grass leaves.
The design of the roof is like a horse saddle which will help block strong winds.
FUNCTION
The roof of the Bolon Toba House is shield- shaped, the basic shape of this roof is from buffalo backs, the roof height is 4 - 5 m. Using the same roof shape concept, namely a shield shape with a buffalo horn philosophy.
ROOF BOLON HOUSE
HOW IT RESPOND TO THE
CLIMATE
POLES
The house support pillars are made using quality wood. Then under the supporting pillars there are stones so that they are strong from earthquake shocks
This house has 18 pillars in each corner of the house, and has a philosophy of togetherness and strength
The poles are not connected to the poles using nails, but only using palm fiber rope. The way to connect it is to cut/punch a hole in one pole and then insert the other pole in the other direction. Then it is tied with palm fiber rope repeatedly (rotated). On the left and right of the house pillars there are carvings depicting breasts as a symbol of fertility (odap-odap). There are also carvings of lizards as a symbol of guard and protector of the house (boraspati).
The walls of the Bolon house are 15 cm thick boards decorated with typical Toba ornaments in red, black and white which display the cosmological and philosophical views of Batak culture. The walls used are made of sturdy real wood and the ropes used to tie the walls or rails are made from rattan and palm fiber. The strap pattern is made like a lizard with two opposing heads.
Walls and Wall Carvings
This building does not have windows, but is equipped with wooden bars on
the walls which function as air circulation