Smithsonian miscellaneous collections

An examination of abundant material shows a definite gradation within many of the species from forms with a triangular cross-section to 4-sided specimens. Agglutinated and calcareous species were included in the same genus by many of the earlier workers, including Reuss, who did not consider wall characters diagnostic.

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN

It is quite variable in shape, from narrow to widely spread and from flattened to triangular to quadrangular in later work. The third and fourth angles are less pronounced than both in the plane of the coil.

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 9 TRIPLASIA COMMUTATA (Loeblich and Tappan)

P885) and unfigured paratype (U.S.N.M. No. P886) from 10 to 20 feet above the base of the Redwater shale (Oxfordian); all from the east side of Red Gulch, approximately 2.5 miles south of Little BigHorn River, sec. Ungraded hypotypes (USNM No. P887) from 2 meters above the base of the Rierdon Formation, in a rift east of Swift Reservoir.

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN II TRIPLASIA ELEGANS (Mjatliuk)

12 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 dark brown and dark gray bituminous shales, with layers of dark

The original description of the triangular form, called Triplasia emslandensis emslandensis by Bartenstein and Brand, states (translation from German). Test generally very rough, straight or slightly curved in growth, greatest width reached by the youngest chambers, opening circular or elongate in the middle of the short tubular or produced terminal chamber.

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 1 5

It differs in having more rounded angles, in the smoother finish of the wall, and in that the planispiral chambers are inflated and subspherical instead of compressed and flattened. NO, 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN I9 distinguished from other species of the genus by its rather small size.

NO, 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN I9 be distinguished from other species of the genus by its rather small

Hypotype (U.S.N.M. No. P906) of figure i from the Kiamichi formation, a 1.3-foot zone of yellow-gray shale, 4 feet below the top of the formation, in a road cut 2.6 miles northeast of Mosheim. Collected by Helen Tappan Loeblich and Alfred R. c) of Figures 4, 7, and 8 from the upper part of the Weno Formation exposed in a road cutting on the Fort Worth-Mansfield Road, 0.3 mile south of the bridge over Sycamore Creek, southeast of Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Tex. Figure 2 hypotype (U.S.N.M. No. P1025) from the Fort Worth formation, in a low road cut near the turn of the road, in the northeast corner of sec.

Hypotype of Figure 8 (U.S.N.M. No. P926) from the Weno Formation, in a road cutting exposing about 10 feet of interbedded limestone and yellow-gray marl, on the Fort Worth-Mansfield road, 0.3 mile south of the bridge over Sycamore Creek, southeast for Fort Fort Value,. Hypotype of Figure 5 (U.S.N.M. No. P932) from the upper 4.5 feet of alternating yellow-gray limes and marls of the Fort Worth Formation, in a west-facing stream, just north of U .

24 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 TRIPLASIA INSOLITA (Alexander and Smith)

NO, 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 25 Main Street formation, in 5.5 feet of section of alternating limes and

This highly variable species appears closest to the early Washita Triplasia rugosa (Alexander and Smith), but differs in having a much more elongated neck, absence of a distinct coil, more nodular appearance of the chambers, and greater narrowing of the sutures. The later chambers are generally widest at their base and taper sharply towards the opening. b), and unfigured paratypes (U.S.N.M. No. P943) all from the Grayson Formation, basal 3 feet, just above the MainStreet Formation, toward the south bank of Chuckwa Creek, i.o miles north of Durant, on U. c ) and unfigured paratypes (M.S.N. P945) all from the Grayson Formation, at GraysonBluff, a high southwest-facing bluff on Denton Creek, 5.5 miles northeast of Roanoke, Denton County, Tex. Unfigured paratypes (V.S.N.M. No. P946) from the Del Rioclay, 21 feet above base, 15 feet above base. exposed, on the west bank of Shoal Creek, just south of the bridge at 34th Street and just north of a fault, in Austin, Travis County, Tex.

Figure 13 paratypes (U.S.N.M. No. P947) and unfigured paratypes (U.S.N.M. No. P948) from thin marl beds between calcareous margins of Main Street formation, basal 5.5-foot section exposed in Atchison Underpass, Santa Raa, and Toproad. , on the Cleburne-Hillsboro road, south of the city of Cleburne, int. Figure 11 paratype (U.S.N.M. No. P949) and unfigured paratype (U.S.N.M. No. P950) from thin layers of marl between road project in boulders. 8 feet, bank of a small stream facing west, east of the road leading south, one block east of the east end of the campus (Fort Worth-Crowley Road .), 3.9 miles south of the end southeast half Baptist Nary Campus, south of Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Tex.

28 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 11/

The author's collections failed to reveal a locality where individuals were abundant." Actually, the species was based on a single specimen, the holotype, which was the only specimen in the Alexander Collection (now the U.S. National Museum). Weno- formation (Lower) Cretaceous, Albian) in a roadside ditch on the Fort Worth-Mansfield road, 0.25 mile south of the bridge over Sycamore Creek, Tarrant County, Tex. Hypotype of figure 13 (U.S.N.M. No. P958 ) exposed from the upper 10 feet of the interbedded light yellow-gray marls and limestones of the Weno Formation in a path cut on U.

Highway 287 (Fort Worth-Mansfield Road), 0.3 miles south of the bridge over Sycamore Creek, southeast of Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas. Collected by Helen Tappan Loeblich and Alfred R. d), from the lower i-foot marl bottom of the Weno Formation, exposed below the heavy limestone and about 15-20 feet stratigraphically below the Paw Paw Formation, in a road cut on the east side of the old Mansfield road, down and north of Paw Paw ex - position, 0.25 mile south of bridge over Sycamore Creek, west of Glen Garden Country Club, 3 miles southeast of Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas.

30 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 11/

It does not even appear to belong to Triplasia, but only an examination of the types can prove this. Occurrence.—Described from the Turonian, or Lower Senonian, Gosaugebilde, Marl, present at Edelbachgraben, and very rare at Wegschiedgraben in Gosau, Ostalpen (Salzburg), Austria. Width of the test in the initial part about the same as in the last part.

In cross-section, the uniform part of the test is angular, almost triangular, with a rounded dorsal and slightly narrowed ventral side.

32 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 phragmium aequale Roemer, but differs in having slightly depressed

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 33

34 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 TRIPLASIA CUSHMANI (Alexander and Smith)

Fig. 4 and 5 hypotypes (U.S.N.M. No. P97ia-b) and non-fig. hypotypes (U.S.N.M. No. P972) from the Ozan Sand (Upper Cretaceous), in natural erosion on the east side of Arkinda Road, 5.0 miles northwest of Foreman, Little River District , Ark. Unfigured hypotypes (U.N.M. No. P976) from the Saratoga Cretaceous, on the south side of the road to Columbus, 3.0 miles east of Saratoga, Howard County, Ark. Deaderick, Unfigured hypotypes (U.S.N.M. No. P977) from the Upper Cretaceous Nacatochsand, on the north side of Highway 26, 0.5 mile east of Big Decipher Creek, 5.0 mile west of the corner of loth and Pine Streets, Arkadelphia, in SWi sec. 27, T.

Untested, medium-sized, elongate edges nearly parallel, early portion spirally coiled, later chamber uniform and generally triangular in section with somewhat rounded corners and slightly concave, occasionally quadrate ribs (fig. 4). and a specimen (fig, i) . Occasionally, additional specimens are flattened in the early part of the unit, developing the third angle about half the distance from the base, numerous, low and wide chambers in the early part, the later ones higher and one or two last chambers, generally smaller in diameter and rounded in section (figs 1-3), and of approximately equal height and width; seam darkens in the early part, become-.

36 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 ing well marked and constricted in the later portion of the test, radial

This species is somewhat variable in character, two specimens from the Saratogachalk of Arkansas showing a compressed Flabellam7nina-\ike early portion, although no distinct coil is present, and the third angle is not developed until the latter half of the test. The majority of specimens are regularly triangular in cross-section, but four of the paratypes are quadrangular, two of which are from the Taylor Marl of Texas, the other two from the Saratoga Chalk of Arkansas. As 156 specimens of this species were examined, about 2.6 percent of the specimens are square and about 1.3 percent are flattened, lacking the triangle in the early stage.

Triplasia taylorensis (Cushman and Waters), which occurs with this species, has more flares with a definite spiral at the base and on the more deeply excavated sides, and tends to become thicker, including larger fragments in the wall . e), and unfigured paratypes (U.S.N.M. No. P985) all from gray-green marls of the upper Taylor, on the right bank of Onion Creek, just downstream from the bridge at Moore and Berry's Crossing, 8.5 mi. southeast of the State Capitol Building in Austin, TravisCounty, Tex. Highway 51, 10.5 miles southwest of Wright's store at the intersection of highways 26 and 51, 3.1 miles northeast of Okalona, on the northeast side of Road, Clark County, Ark.

38 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 TRIPLASIA ROMERI (Reuss)

40 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 increasing very little in height but increasing somewhat in breadth

No test, narrow and elongate, of nearly equal width for most of its length, triangular to quadrate in section, sides nearly flat to slightly concave, angles broadly rounded; chambers usually indistinct, with a whorl of about three chambers at the base, followed by successive chambers, the last chambers slightly produced in the theatre; sutures- distinct, occasionally visible and gently arched on test faces; arenaceous wall, medium to coarse grained to a finer grinding mass, surface moderately rough in appearance; opening terminal, ovate. Unfigured paratypes (U.S.N.M. No. P1009) from the Saratoga chalk, on the north side of the road, on top of a high hill, 2.0 miles east of the intersection of highways y^) ^^^d 55 at Saratoga, Howard. II7 chalk, east side of road, north of Saratoga, Howard chalk, east side of road, north of Saratoga, Howard.

Unfigured paratypes (U.S.N.M. No. Pioii) from Saratoga Cretaceous, on south side of road to Columbus, 2.0 miles east of Saratoga, Howard County, Ark. Unfigured paratypes (U.S.N.M. No, P1013) from the Saratoga Cretaceous on the east side of Highway 4, on the road to Ozan, 3.1 miles north of Washington, Hempstead County, Ark.

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 43 TRIPLASIA FUNDIBULARIS (Harris and Jobe)

44 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 45

Their number cannot be precisely determined because of the coarse sandy material of the test. The sutures in the coiled part are radial and in the 4-sided prismatic part they are somewhat arched. This species was described as the type species of the genus CentenarinaMajzon, but the latternameisa junior synonym of Triplasia and later suppressed.

Occurrence.—(Translation) 'Tis found in the Farkasreti cemetery in Budapest, in the fourth foraminiferal horizon of the Rupelian. Test free, large, elongate, planispiral coil not visible, early portion expanding, later triangular to square in cross section, sides flat to slightly excavated, angles rounded; chambers low in early portion, increasing somewhat in height as added; sutures obscure, slightly curved in the middle of the faces, bent back in the corners; wall arenaceous, with occasional very large grains incorporated into the main body of.

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS — LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 47

II7he found that some specimens are square).. It is the only Miocene he found that some specimens are square). The coil is relatively large, the sides of the triangular section are straight to slightly convex, and the corners are unusually sharp, the uniform section has parallel edges and strongly tapered seams. Type and Occurrence.— Type specimen from the Lower Pliocene of Bonfornello, presso Termini-Imerese, Sicily, Italy.

Brady described this species as typically triangular, but said it was polymorphic: "Of the innumerable modifications of .

CUSHMAN, J. A

1939- Foraminifera from Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Middle Volga region and Obschiy Syrt.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

54 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II7 Page

NO. 15 TRIPLASIA REUSS LOEBLICH AND TAPPAN 59

19a, Lateral view of holotype (U.S.N.M. No. P983), showing broad, low early chambers, and higher, rounded final chamber with slight neck. 2, Lateral view of rough arenaceous holotype (U.S.N.M. No. P989), showing early coil and broad low triangular chambers, from the Pecan Trench (Upper Cretaceous, Senonian) of Texas. 7a, Lateral view of holotype (U.S.N.M. No. P993), showing rough surface test, successive triangular portion, and somewhat flattened terminal chamber. 7b, Top view, showing slit opening.

Triplasiafundihularis (Harris and Jobe) 43 13a, Lateral view of large hypotype (U.S.N.M No. Pioi4a), showing wide, low chambers, flared test, and excavated sides.