The dynamics of the development of the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga has affected the conversion of productive agricultural land and caused changes in the typology, morphology and structure of the region due to the complexity of the ecosystem. The phenomenon of spatial physical change as a determinant of changes in the social formation of local communities in the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is positively related to changes in social structure, social processes and cultural patterns. The transfer of land use functions to the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga due to the existence of the capitalist mode of production has affected changes in the social life of the local community.
The developed assumption is that changes in social formation are caused by changes in the mode of production due to the transfer of land use functions and the existence of the functions of socio-economic activities in the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga. The results of the initial identification indicated that the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is a suburban area experiencing rapid development of its physical, social, economic and cultural elements. The research location in Figure 2, and the geographical location of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is shown in Table 1.
That is, to prioritize the views of the informants and how local communities located in the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga experience changes in social formation due to spatial transformations by examining and interpreting their environments based on their own foundations. Furthermore, in accordance with the focus of the study, the data sources in this study include (1) spatial transformation data as a determinant of changes in social formation, whose data sources include the intensity of land use, spatial patterns, spatial structure, and development zones of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga obtained through field observations and documents; (2) data on the social interactions and social adaptations between migrants and local communities in the new social formation. The reason why the researchers determined the location was based on the significant development conditions of the new city area Metro Tanjung Bunga and a very intensive land use change.
Moreover, the data was considered as ethical data when we determined the informant's opinion on the phenomenon of developing the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga.
Results
Spatial transformation is closely related to land use changes in the new Metro Tanjung Bunga urban area. The new Metro Tanjung Bunga city area is located in the coastal area of the Makassar Strait. The local community activities and space use in the new Metro Tanjung Bunga urban area are shown in Figures 4 and 5 below.
Expression of the spatial area of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga in the period 2010–2012. Utilization of space in the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga in the period 2010–2013. 2013: (1) Changes in the form of land use, especially in the center of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga; (2) changes in the orientation of local community livelihoods; and (3) changes in the social structure of local communities.
Changes in the spatial use of the Metro Tanjung Bunga new city area in the period 2017-2020 are shown in Figures 10 and 11 below. Tourism activities have a positive contribution to the changing characteristics of transport in the Metro Tanjung Bunga new city area. Population travel matrix according to transportation mode usage in Metro Tanjung Bunga new city area.
In this context, modernization in the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga contributes positively to the marginalization of local communities. Residential segregation in the Tanjung Bunga Metro New Urban Area is shown in Figure 13 below. Spatial segregation and differences in housing types in the Tanjung Bunga Metro New Urban Area.
Social mobility due to spatial transformation in the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is causing changes in the social structures of local communities. The environmental quality degradation of the Tanjung Bunga Metro New Town is shown in Figure 14. The differences in production processes for the social design of the Tanjung Bunga Metro New Town are presented in Table 3 below.
This complexity arose with the development of new functions in the new Tanjung Bunga Metro City area. Changes in the work orientation of local communities in the new Tanjung Bunga Metro City area were initially modest (traditional agrarian).
Discussion
The spatial transformation resulting in new social formations has thus had an impact on the social change in the local community of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga. Thus, there is a connection between the spatial transformation of changes in social formation and the changes in social formation associated with changes in social interaction and social adjustment, as well as the consequences of changes at the local community level of the new Metro urban area. Tanjung Bunga. The overall social changes in local communities in Metro Tanjung Bunga new city area are shown in Figure 16 below.
Spatial transformation as a determinant of changes in social formation, which causes changes in social interactions and social adaptations and affects local communities, is a social phenomenon observed in the development of the new city area of Tanjung Bunga Metro, which was developed in integrated way. and supported by the government's development policies. This process caused a shift in production facilities towards the reproduction of space in the Tanjung Bunga Metro New Town area. The process of social change in local communities in Tanjung Bunga Metro New Town area.
Sustainable development of the new urban area in Metro Tanjung Bunga primarily aims to improve the welfare of the community through efforts to optimize the use of space without ignoring the needs of future generations. Furthermore, the sustainable development of the new urban area in Metro Tanjung Bunga is a conscious and planned effort to integrate the environment and resources into the development process to guarantee the capabilities, well-being and quality of life of current and future generations. The concept of sustainable development in the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is based on three main principles: (i) Physical environmental sustainability, (ii) economic sustainability and (iii) social sustainability.
The direction of sustainable development in the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga Makassar City is shown in Figure 17 below. Second, the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga Makassar City is part of an urban settlement that needs comprehensive planning support to be implemented and managed well. Thirdly, the development of the new urban area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is expected to solve the main problem of Makassar city - reducing the surrounding rural migration and population mobility due to regional economic development and make a positive contribution to the sustainable economic growth of Makassar city.
Thus, the sustainable development of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga is aimed at the implementation of an environmentally friendly independent city by integrating environmental management, including resources, into the development process to ensure the capabilities, welfare and quality of life of the current. and future generations. Fourth, the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga, Makassar City, was developed considering six main targets, which were implemented effectively and efficiently. These five components will help achieve environmental and economic sustainability and facilitate sustainable justice between communities and social cohesion in the future development of the new city area of Metro Tanjung Bunga.
Conclusions
Implementing the development of the Tanjung Bunga Metro New City area in the future requires the principles of strong, mobile, affordable, convenient, cultural and connected neighborhoods. Thus, the new Tanjung Bunga Metro City area requires strengthening the government's institutional capacity in monitoring, controlling spatial use and restricting permits for land use changes and conversion of productive agricultural land to provide food security, disaster resilience and energy security. . Furthermore, strengthening community institutional capacity will be necessary for socio-economic empowerment of local communities to increase the productivity of economic enterprises that are mutually beneficial to both migrants and local communities to realize environmental and economic sustainability. and thus to create sustainable justice and social cohesion between communities.
Funding: This research was funded by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia through the Ministry of Research and Technology in the form of grant assistance for development research. Acknowledgments: We are grateful for the participation of interested parties in contributing ideas for the realization of this study. Thanks to the Ministry of Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia for the support and financial assistance in conducting this research.
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